CN105123615A - Artificial variable temperature incubation method suitable for species bar-headed gooses endemic to Qinghai-Tibet Plateau - Google Patents
Artificial variable temperature incubation method suitable for species bar-headed gooses endemic to Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Download PDFInfo
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- 241000272813 Anser indicus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 194
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 189
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000013020 embryo development Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 12
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 12
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 101150073877 egg-1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 101100279436 Caenorhabditis elegans egg-2 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 101100279438 Caenorhabditis elegans egg-3 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 101100279440 Caenorhabditis elegans egg-4 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000005373 Panax quinquefolius Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009790 rate-determining step (RDS) Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of rare bird breeding, in particular to an artificial variable temperature incubation method suitable for species bar-headed gooses endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The method comprises the first step of preparation before incubation, wherein 1, an incubator and associated equipment are cleaned, disinfected and debugged, and 2, eggs are cleaned and disinfected; the second step of temperature and humidity control during incubation, wherein 1, the temperature is controlled, and 2, the humidity is controlled; the third step of management during incubation, wherein 1, the eggs are turned, 2, the eggs are candled, and 3, the eggs are cooled; and the fourth step of egg traying and hatching, wherein according to the incubation method, bar-headed goose hatching eggs are hatched 28 days after incubation, traying is carried out on normal embryo hatching eggs at the 26th day of incubation, and water at the temperature of 30 DEG C is sprayed 4-5 times every day to soften egg shells. The artificial variable temperature incubation method has the advantages of being reliable in principle, capable of improving the hatching egg hatching rate to 92-95% and suitable for being used and popularized in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and even the whole nation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rare bird cultural technique field, relate to a kind of applicable artificial Hatchability method of Qinghai-Tibet endemic species bar-headed goose in particular.
Background technology
At present, bar-headed goose becomes rare bird aquaculture new lover already, favor by domestic increasing breeding enterprise [1].Wild bar-headed goose belongs to national second class protection animal, mainly breeds inhabit Qinghai-xizang Plateau Region in China, adapts to very much the environment [2] of the severe especially anoxic in Qinghai-Tibet Platean.This unique physiological habit determines the feature that wild bar-headed goose is difficult to carry out artificial propagation and cultivation just.At present, propagating artificially of domestic bar-headed goose is still in the starting stage [3].Improving bar-headed goose artificial incubation rate, is the primary difficult problem that all bar-headed goose breeding enterprises face.By retrieval foreign literature database, patent database, there is not yet the hatching m improving bar-headed goose artificial incubation rate under various circumstances and describe.Equally, domestic literature database is reported without any documents and materials, only goes out a similar granted patent (application number: CN201110220389 authorizes day: 20130821, denomination of invention: a kind of bar-headed goose hatching cultural method) at Patent database searching.But, Constant temperature hatch method (incubation temperature: 38.0 DEG C ± 0.1 DEG C, hatching humidity: 56.0% ± 2.0%), reckon without the process that embryonic development is a dynamic change that this patent adopts, ought to according to its law of development, corresponding going regulates incubation temperature and hatching humidity.Further, this patent is only according to one section of Chinese articles delivered for 1987, and the just advantage of negative Hatchability, and then employing Constant temperature hatch method is applied for a patent, and lacks the spirit of scientific research.Read the document " bar-headed goose abandons the research of an ovum experiments of artificial incubations " literary composition [4] in detail can find: 1, the document carries out hatching research to abandoning ovum, draws and abandon the conclusion that ovum is not dead ovum, instead of explore hatching m.2, document text mention already " due to appointed condition and hatching house simple and crude; in fact in incubator box temperature change between 36.4 DEG C-39 DEG C; relative moisture variation between 45.7%-52.1% ", therefore can judge artificial incubation rate lower in this article be due to use abandon ovum and at that time simple and crude equipment cause too high incubation temperature (39 DEG C) to cause, can not infer that Hatchability technology is infeasible thus.In addition, due in wild environment, the hatching process of bar-headed goose ovum is dynamic temperature change, therefore uses Hatchability more to meet its natural growth course.So adopt artificial Constant temperature hatch to be obviously unscientific, be difficult to really ensure efficient bar-headed goose incubation rate.Under the situation that the new agricultural breeding variety requirement these wildlife species being carried out to domestication and breeding is urgent, the artificial incubation method of bar-headed goose urgently improves.
Summary of the invention
In order to abandon the irrationality of the artificial Constant temperature hatch technology of bar-headed goose, based on the growth-development law of bar-headed goose embryo different phase, the invention provides one both scientific and reasonable and simple to operate, the artificial Hatchability method of the bar-headed goose high hatchability of these species formed under Qinghai-Tibet particular surroundings can be ensured again.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of applicable artificial Hatchability method of Qinghai-Tibet endemic species bar-headed goose, it is characterized in that described method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation process before hatching
(1) cleaning of incubator and relevant device, sterilization and debugging: hatching starts first 5 days, be suitable for taking 14 Hao to Sheng the fumigation of potassium permanganate of formalin+7 Ke ∕ every cubic metre of ∕ every cubic metre to hatch machine; After having sterilized, ventilation 3-5 days;
(2) cleaning and sterilizing of egg: select healthy bar-headed goose kind egg, to be immersed concentration be 0.1% temperature is in the liquor potassic permanganate of 25 DEG C, soaks after 10-15 minute, wipes egg surface contaminants gently away with hairbrush; Be transferred in hatching house by clean egg, code-disc after egg surface is dried, during code-disc, the stub end of blunt end and egg upward, waits to be placed into incubator;
2) the epidemic disaster rate-determining steps in hatching
(1) temperature controls: according to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, and incubation temperature should be first high rear low; Hatching 1-7 days, temperature is 36.8-38 DEG C; Hatching 7-15 days, temperature is 36.8-38 DEG C; Hatching 15-26 days, temperature is 33-37 DEG C; The record of brooding time should be carried out after hatching starts, and detect the temperature of hatch machine at any time, if incubation temperature and said temperature are misfitted, should adjust in time;
(2) humid control: according to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, hatching humidity should first low rear height; Hatching 1-7 days, humidity is 45-50%, must not the upper limit more than 50%; Hatching 7-15 days, humidity is 50-55%; Hatching 15-26 days, humidity is 55-60%; Need the record carrying out brooding time equally, and detect the humidity of hatch machine at any time, if hatching humidity and above-mentioned humidity range are misfitted, should adjust in time;
3) management process in hatching
(1) egg-turning management: common hatch machine all has automatic egg turning function, uses this function greatly can reduce labour intensity in hatching process; The each position of embryo can be made to be heated evenly by egg-turning, be beneficial to embryonic development; 1-20 days after entering to incubate, egg-turning can be set to: every 2 hours egg-turnings once, and every day, egg-turning amounted to 12 times, and each flip angle is 90 °; Egg-turning is stopped after 20 days;
(2) according to egg management: the whole hatching process of bar-headed goose, the development condition by detecting embryo according to egg is all needed; By in time clear egg and addled egg being cleaned out hatch machine according to egg, the growth that can be normal egg provides a free of contamination environment of hatching of high-quality; 1st photograph egg, carries out when hatching the 7th day; This main purpose according to egg detects clear egg in time; 2nd photograph egg, carries out when hatching the 15th day, and this main purpose according to egg detects addled egg in time; When hatching 24-28 days, all need every day to shine egg 1 time, the main purpose according to egg detects addled egg in time.Above-mentioned each time according to egg, can select to carry out at night;
(3) cool egg management: wild bar-headed goose, when hatching filial generation, has and flies away from the habit that nest carries out cool egg; Arrange each 30 minutes cool egg time in artificial incubation process, the mode that cool egg number of times increases gradually with embryonic development different phase is carried out; During each cool egg, hatch machine is set to: heat button is closed, and humidity option button remains unchanged, and blowing is opened;
Hatching 1-7 days, does not need cool egg; Hatching 7-10 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 1 time; Hatching 10-15 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 2 times; Hatching 15-20 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 3 times; Hatching 20-26 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 4 times;
4) rule and hatching step
Bar-headed goose kind egg, according to this hatching m, is hatched and is namely started shell for the 28th day; When hatching the 26th day, by normal embryo's kind egg rule; The spray water mode of 4-5 time of water temperature 30 DEG C need be adopted every day to soften eggshell.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: in bar-headed goose artificial incubation process, do not run counter to embryonic development rule, by change incubation temperature and humidity, both ensure that the incubation rate of 92-95%, easy and simple to handle feasible again.And simulate the natural hatching process of bar-headed goose in Qinghai-Tibet Platean, add cool egg link, making this artificial Hatchability method still can obtain high incubation rate under the natural environment of national different regions, is also the highest level under identical natural conditions.
Embodiment
The invention discloses a kind of applicable artificial Hatchability method of national different regions natural environment bar-headed goose, the invention will be further described in conjunction with specific embodiments, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in this.
A kind of applicable artificial Hatchability method of Qinghai-Tibet endemic species bar-headed goose, is characterized in that described method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation process before hatching
(1) cleaning of incubator and relevant device, sterilization and debugging: hatching starts first 5 days, be suitable for taking 14 Hao to Sheng the fumigation of potassium permanganate of formalin+7 Ke ∕ every cubic metre of ∕ every cubic metre to hatch machine; After having sterilized, ventilation 3-5 days;
(2) cleaning and sterilizing of egg: select healthy bar-headed goose kind egg, to be immersed concentration be 0.1% temperature is in the liquor potassic permanganate of 25 DEG C, soaks after 10-15 minute, wipes egg surface contaminants gently away with hairbrush; Be transferred in hatching house by clean egg, code-disc after egg surface is dried, during code-disc, the stub end of blunt end and egg upward, waits to be placed into incubator;
2) the epidemic disaster rate-determining steps in hatching
(1) temperature controls: according to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, and incubation temperature should be first high rear low; Hatching 1-7 days, temperature is 36.8-38 DEG C; Hatching 7-15 days, temperature is 36.8-38 DEG C; Hatching 15-26 days, temperature is 33-37 DEG C; The record of brooding time should be carried out after hatching starts, and detect the temperature of hatch machine at any time, if incubation temperature and said temperature are misfitted, should adjust in time;
(2) humid control: according to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, hatching humidity should first low rear height; Hatching 1-7 days, humidity is 45-50%, must not the upper limit more than 50%; Hatching 7-15 days, humidity is 50-55%; Hatching 15-26 days, humidity is 55-60%; Need the record carrying out brooding time equally, and detect the humidity of hatch machine at any time, if hatching humidity and above-mentioned humidity range are misfitted, should adjust in time;
3) management process in hatching
(1) egg-turning management: common hatch machine all has automatic egg turning function, uses this function greatly can reduce labour intensity in hatching process; The each position of embryo can be made to be heated evenly by egg-turning, be beneficial to embryonic development; 1-20 days after entering to incubate, egg-turning can be set to: every 2 hours egg-turnings once, and every day, egg-turning amounted to 12 times, and each flip angle is 90 °; Egg-turning is stopped after 20 days;
(2) according to egg management: the whole hatching process of bar-headed goose, the development condition by detecting embryo according to egg is all needed; By in time clear egg and addled egg being cleaned out hatch machine according to egg, the growth that can be normal egg provides a free of contamination environment of hatching of high-quality; 1st photograph egg, carries out when hatching the 7th day; This main purpose according to egg detects clear egg in time; 2nd photograph egg, carries out when hatching the 15th day, and this main purpose according to egg detects addled egg in time; When hatching 24-28 days, all need every day to shine egg 1 time, the main purpose according to egg detects addled egg in time.Above-mentioned each time according to egg, can select to carry out at night;
(3) cool egg management: wild bar-headed goose, when hatching filial generation, has and flies away from the habit that nest carries out cool egg; Arrange each 30 minutes cool egg time in artificial incubation process, the mode that cool egg number of times increases gradually with embryonic development different phase is carried out; During each cool egg, hatch machine is set to: heat button is closed, and humidity option button remains unchanged, and blowing is opened;
Hatching 1-7 days, does not need cool egg; Hatching 7-10 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 1 time; Hatching 10-15 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 2 times; Hatching 15-20 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 3 times; Hatching 20-26 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 4 times;
4) rule and hatching step
Bar-headed goose kind egg, according to this hatching m, is hatched and is namely started shell for the 28th day; When hatching the 26th day, by normal embryo's kind egg rule; The spray water mode of 4-5 time of water temperature 30 DEG C need be adopted every day to soften eggshell.
Further, described artificial Hatchability method, bar-headed goose hatching of breeding eggs rate can reach 92-95%.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of applicable artificial Hatchability method of Qinghai-Tibet endemic species bar-headed goose, is characterized in that described method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation process before hatching
(1) cleaning of incubator and relevant device, sterilization and debugging: hatching starts first 5 days, be suitable for taking 14 Hao to Sheng the fumigation of potassium permanganate of formalin+7 Ke ∕ every cubic metre of ∕ every cubic metre to hatch machine; After having sterilized, ventilation 3 days;
(2) cleaning and sterilizing of egg: select healthy bar-headed goose kind egg, to be immersed concentration be 0.1% temperature is in the liquor potassic permanganate of 25 DEG C, soaks after 10 minutes, wipes egg surface contaminants gently away with hairbrush; Be transferred in hatching house by clean egg, code-disc after egg surface is dried, during code-disc, the stub end of blunt end and egg upward, waits to be placed into incubator;
2) the epidemic disaster rate-determining steps in hatching
(1) temperature controls: according to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, and incubation temperature should be first high rear low; Hatching 1-7 days, temperature is 36.8 DEG C; Hatch 7 days, temperature is 36.8 DEG C; Hatch 15 days, temperature is 33 DEG C; The record of brooding time should be carried out after hatching starts, and detect the temperature of hatch machine at any time, if incubation temperature and said temperature are misfitted, should adjust in time;
(2) humid control: according to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, hatching humidity should first low rear height; Hatching 1-7 days, humidity is 45%, must not the upper limit more than 50%; Hatch 7 days, humidity is 50%; Hatch 15 days, humidity is 55%; Need the record carrying out brooding time equally, and detect the humidity of hatch machine at any time, if hatching humidity and above-mentioned humidity range are misfitted, should adjust in time;
3) management process in hatching
(1) egg-turning management: common hatch machine all has automatic egg turning function, uses this function greatly can reduce labour intensity in hatching process; The each position of embryo can be made to be heated evenly by egg-turning, be beneficial to embryonic development; 1-20 days after entering to incubate, egg-turning can be set to: every 2 hours egg-turnings once, and every day, egg-turning amounted to 12 times, and each flip angle is 90 °; Egg-turning is stopped after 20 days;
(2) according to egg management: the whole hatching process of bar-headed goose, the development condition by detecting embryo according to egg is all needed; By in time clear egg and addled egg being cleaned out hatch machine according to egg, the growth that can be normal egg provides a free of contamination environment of hatching of high-quality; 1st photograph egg, carries out when hatching the 7th day; This main purpose according to egg detects clear egg in time; 2nd photograph egg, carries out when hatching the 15th day, and this main purpose according to egg detects addled egg in time; When hatching the 24th day, all need every day according to egg 1 time, the main purpose according to egg detects addled egg in time.Above-mentioned each time according to egg, can select to carry out at night;
(3) cool egg management: wild bar-headed goose, when hatching filial generation, has and flies away from the habit that nest carries out cool egg; Arrange each 30 minutes cool egg time in artificial incubation process, the mode that cool egg number of times increases gradually with embryonic development different phase is carried out; During each cool egg, hatch machine is set to: heat button is closed, and humidity option button remains unchanged, and blowing is opened;
Hatching 1-7 days, does not need cool egg; Hatching 7-10 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 1 time; Hatching 10-15 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 2 times; Hatching 15-20 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 3 times; Hatching 20-26 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 4 times;
4) rule and hatching step
Bar-headed goose kind egg, according to this hatching m, is hatched and is namely started shell for the 28th day; When hatching the 26th day, by normal embryo's kind egg rule; The spray water mode of 4-5 time of water temperature 30 DEG C need be adopted every day to soften eggshell.
Adopt above-mentioned artificial Hatchability method, bar-headed goose hatching of breeding eggs rate can reach 92%.
Embodiment 2.
A kind of applicable artificial Hatchability method of Qinghai-Tibet endemic species bar-headed goose, is characterized in that described method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation process before hatching
(1) cleaning of incubator and relevant device, sterilization and debugging: hatching starts first 5 days, be suitable for taking 14 Hao to Sheng the fumigation of potassium permanganate of formalin+7 Ke ∕ every cubic metre of ∕ every cubic metre to hatch machine; After having sterilized, ventilation 4 days;
(2) cleaning and sterilizing of egg: select healthy bar-headed goose kind egg, to be immersed concentration be 0.1% temperature is in the liquor potassic permanganate of 25 DEG C, soaks after 12 minutes, wipes egg surface contaminants gently away with hairbrush; Be transferred in hatching house by clean egg, code-disc after egg surface is dried, during code-disc, the stub end of blunt end and egg upward, waits to be placed into incubator;
2) the epidemic disaster rate-determining steps in hatching
(1) temperature controls: according to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, and incubation temperature should be first high rear low; Hatching 1-7 days, temperature is 38 DEG C; Hatching 7-15 days, temperature is 37 DEG C; Hatching 15-26 days, temperature is 36 DEG C; The record of brooding time should be carried out after hatching starts, and detect the temperature of hatch machine at any time, if incubation temperature and said temperature are misfitted, should adjust in time;
(2) humid control: according to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, hatching humidity should first low rear height; Hatching 1-7 days, humidity is 45-50%, must not the upper limit more than 50%; Hatching 7-15 days, humidity is 50-55%; Hatching 15-26 days, humidity is 55-60%; Need the record carrying out brooding time equally, and detect the humidity of hatch machine at any time, if hatching humidity and above-mentioned humidity range are misfitted, should adjust in time;
3) management process in hatching
(1) egg-turning management: common hatch machine all has automatic egg turning function, uses this function greatly can reduce labour intensity in hatching process; The each position of embryo can be made to be heated evenly by egg-turning, be beneficial to embryonic development; 1-20 days after entering to incubate, egg-turning can be set to: every 2 hours egg-turnings once, and every day, egg-turning amounted to 12 times, and each flip angle is 90 °; Egg-turning is stopped after 20 days;
(2) according to egg management: the whole hatching process of bar-headed goose, the development condition by detecting embryo according to egg is all needed; By in time clear egg and addled egg being cleaned out hatch machine according to egg, the growth that can be normal egg provides a free of contamination environment of hatching of high-quality; 1st photograph egg, carries out when hatching the 7th day; This main purpose according to egg detects clear egg in time; 2nd photograph egg, carries out when hatching the 15th day, and this main purpose according to egg detects addled egg in time; When hatching 24-28 days, all need every day to shine egg 1 time, the main purpose according to egg detects addled egg in time.Above-mentioned each time according to egg, can select to carry out at night;
(3) cool egg management: wild bar-headed goose, when hatching filial generation, has and flies away from the habit that nest carries out cool egg; Arrange each 30 minutes cool egg time in artificial incubation process, the mode that cool egg number of times increases gradually with embryonic development different phase is carried out; During each cool egg, hatch machine is set to: heat button is closed, and humidity option button remains unchanged, and blowing is opened;
Hatching 1-7 days, does not need cool egg; Hatching 7-10 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 1 time; Hatching 10-15 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 2 times; Hatching 15-20 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 3 times; Hatching 20-26 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 4 times;
4) rule and hatching step
Bar-headed goose kind egg, according to this hatching m, is hatched and is namely started shell for the 28th day; When hatching the 26th day, by normal embryo's kind egg rule; The spray water mode of 5 times of water temperature 30 DEG C need be adopted every day to soften eggshell.
Adopt above-mentioned artificial Hatchability method, bar-headed goose hatching of breeding eggs rate can reach 93%.
Embodiment 3.
A kind of applicable artificial Hatchability method of Qinghai-Tibet endemic species bar-headed goose, is characterized in that described method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation process before hatching
(1) cleaning of incubator and relevant device, sterilization and debugging: hatching starts first 5 days, be suitable for taking 14 Hao to Sheng the fumigation of potassium permanganate of formalin+7 Ke ∕ every cubic metre of ∕ every cubic metre to hatch machine; After having sterilized, ventilation 5 days;
(2) cleaning and sterilizing of egg: select healthy bar-headed goose kind egg, to be immersed concentration be 0.1% temperature is in the liquor potassic permanganate of 25 DEG C, soaks after 15 minutes, wipes egg surface contaminants gently away with hairbrush; Be transferred in hatching house by clean egg, code-disc after egg surface is dried, during code-disc, the stub end of blunt end and egg upward, waits to be placed into incubator;
2) the epidemic disaster rate-determining steps in hatching
(1) temperature controls: according to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, and incubation temperature should be first high rear low; Hatching 1-7 days, temperature is 37.8 DEG C; Hatching 7-15 days, temperature is 37.6 DEG C; Hatching 15-26 days, temperature is 35 DEG C; The record of brooding time should be carried out after hatching starts, and detect the temperature of hatch machine at any time, if incubation temperature and said temperature are misfitted, should adjust in time;
(2) humid control: according to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, hatching humidity should first low rear height; Hatching 1-7 days, humidity is 45-50%, must not the upper limit more than 50%; Hatching 7-15 days, humidity is 50-55%; Hatching 15-26 days, humidity is 55-60%; Need the record carrying out brooding time equally, and detect the humidity of hatch machine at any time, if hatching humidity and above-mentioned humidity range are misfitted, should adjust in time;
3) management process in hatching
(1) egg-turning management: common hatch machine all has automatic egg turning function, uses this function greatly can reduce labour intensity in hatching process; The each position of embryo can be made to be heated evenly by egg-turning, be beneficial to embryonic development; 1-20 days after entering to incubate, egg-turning can be set to: every 2 hours egg-turnings once, and every day, egg-turning amounted to 12 times, and each flip angle is 90 °; Egg-turning is stopped after 20 days;
(2) according to egg management: the whole hatching process of bar-headed goose, the development condition by detecting embryo according to egg is all needed; By in time clear egg and addled egg being cleaned out hatch machine according to egg, the growth that can be normal egg provides a free of contamination environment of hatching of high-quality; 1st photograph egg, carries out when hatching the 7th day; This main purpose according to egg detects clear egg in time; 2nd photograph egg, carries out when hatching the 15th day, and this main purpose according to egg detects addled egg in time; When hatching 24-28 days, all need every day to shine egg 1 time, the main purpose according to egg detects addled egg in time.Above-mentioned each time according to egg, can select to carry out at night;
(3) cool egg management: wild bar-headed goose, when hatching filial generation, has and flies away from the habit that nest carries out cool egg; Arrange each 30 minutes cool egg time in artificial incubation process, the mode that cool egg number of times increases gradually with embryonic development different phase is carried out; During each cool egg, hatch machine is set to: heat button is closed, and humidity option button remains unchanged, and blowing is opened;
Hatching 1-7 days, does not need cool egg; Hatching 7-10 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 1 time; Hatching 10-15 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 2 times; Hatching 15-20 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 3 times; Hatching 20-26 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 4 times;
4) rule and hatching step
Bar-headed goose kind egg, according to this hatching m, is hatched and is namely started shell for the 28th day; When hatching the 26th day, by normal embryo's kind egg rule; The spray water mode of 4-5 time of water temperature 30 DEG C need be adopted every day to soften eggshell.
Adopt above-mentioned artificial Hatchability method, bar-headed goose hatching of breeding eggs rate can reach 95%.
The experiment proved that, according to Hatchability method of the present invention, incubation rate can reach 92-95%(and study the initial stage, and incubation rate is only 50%, just reaches 92-95% by constantly groping to improve).Domestication for Qinghai-xizang Plateau Region endemic species bar-headed goose is significant.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. be applicable to the artificial Hatchability method of Qinghai-Tibet endemic species bar-headed goose, it is characterized in that described method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation process before hatching
(1) cleaning of incubator and relevant device, sterilization and debugging: hatching starts first 5 days, be suitable for taking 14 Hao to Sheng the fumigation of potassium permanganate of formalin+7 Ke ∕ every cubic metre of ∕ every cubic metre to hatch machine; After having sterilized, ventilation 3-5 days;
(2) cleaning and sterilizing of egg: select healthy bar-headed goose kind egg, to be immersed concentration be 0.1% temperature is in the liquor potassic permanganate of 25 DEG C, soaks after 10-15 minute, wipes egg surface contaminants gently away with hairbrush; Be transferred in hatching house by clean egg, code-disc after egg surface is dried, during code-disc, the stub end of blunt end and egg upward, waits to be placed into incubator;
2) the epidemic disaster rate-determining steps in hatching
(1) temperature controls: according to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, and incubation temperature should be first high rear low; Hatching 1-7 days, temperature is 36.8-38 DEG C; Hatching 7-15 days, temperature is 36.8-38 DEG C; Hatching 15-26 days, temperature is 33-37 DEG C; The record of brooding time should be carried out after hatching starts, and detect the temperature of hatch machine at any time, if incubation temperature and said temperature are misfitted, should adjust in time;
(2) humid control: according to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, hatching humidity should first low rear height; Hatching 1-7 days, humidity is 45-50%, must not the upper limit more than 50%; Hatching 7-15 days, humidity is 50-55%; Hatching 15-26 days, humidity is 55-60%; Need the record carrying out brooding time equally, and detect the humidity of hatch machine at any time, if hatching humidity and above-mentioned humidity range are misfitted, should adjust in time;
3) management process in hatching
(1) egg-turning management: common hatch machine all has automatic egg turning function, uses this function greatly can reduce labour intensity in hatching process; The each position of embryo can be made to be heated evenly by egg-turning, be beneficial to embryonic development; 1-20 days after entering to incubate, egg-turning can be set to: every 2 hours egg-turnings once, and every day, egg-turning amounted to 12 times, and each flip angle is 90 °; Egg-turning is stopped after 20 days;
(2) according to egg management: the whole hatching process of bar-headed goose, the development condition by detecting embryo according to egg is all needed; By in time clear egg and addled egg being cleaned out hatch machine according to egg, the growth that can be normal egg provides a free of contamination environment of hatching of high-quality; 1st photograph egg, carries out when hatching the 7th day; This main purpose according to egg detects clear egg in time; 2nd photograph egg, carries out when hatching the 15th day, and this main purpose according to egg detects addled egg in time; When hatching 24-28 days, all need every day to shine egg 1 time, the main purpose according to egg detects addled egg in time;
Above-mentioned each time according to egg, can select to carry out at night;
(3) cool egg management: wild bar-headed goose, when hatching filial generation, has and flies away from the habit that nest carries out cool egg; Arrange each 30 minutes cool egg time in artificial incubation process, the mode that cool egg number of times increases gradually with embryonic development different phase is carried out; During each cool egg, hatch machine is set to: heat button is closed, and humidity option button remains unchanged, and blowing is opened;
Hatching 1-7 days, does not need cool egg; Hatching 7-10 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 1 time; Hatching 10-15 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 2 times; Hatching 15-20 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 3 times; Hatching 20-26 days, every day within the fixing same time period, cool egg 4 times;
4) rule and hatching step
Bar-headed goose kind egg, according to this hatching m, is hatched and is namely started shell for the 28th day; When hatching the 26th day, by normal embryo's kind egg rule; The spray water mode of 4-5 time of water temperature 30 DEG C need be adopted every day to soften eggshell.
2. one according to claim 1 is applicable to the artificial Hatchability method of Qinghai-Tibet endemic species bar-headed goose, and it is characterized in that described artificial Hatchability method, bar-headed goose hatching of breeding eggs rate can reach 92-95%.
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