CN105123615B - One kind is adapted to the Qinghai-Tibet artificial Hatchability method of endemic species bar-headed goose - Google Patents
One kind is adapted to the Qinghai-Tibet artificial Hatchability method of endemic species bar-headed goose Download PDFInfo
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- CN105123615B CN105123615B CN201510560350.8A CN201510560350A CN105123615B CN 105123615 B CN105123615 B CN 105123615B CN 201510560350 A CN201510560350 A CN 201510560350A CN 105123615 B CN105123615 B CN 105123615B
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- 241000272813 Anser indicus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 221
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 191
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009790 rate-determining step (RDS) Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000013020 embryo development Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 101150073877 egg-1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 12
- 101100279436 Caenorhabditis elegans egg-2 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 101100279438 Caenorhabditis elegans egg-3 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 101100279440 Caenorhabditis elegans egg-4 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- OQVYMXCRDHDTTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(diethoxyphosphorylmethyl)-2-[4-(diethoxyphosphorylmethyl)pyridin-2-yl]pyridine Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)CC1=CC=NC(C=2N=CC=C(CP(=O)(OCC)OCC)C=2)=C1 OQVYMXCRDHDTTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000272814 Anser sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003831 deregulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
- Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
Abstract
It is more specifically to a kind of that artificial Hatchability method is carried out to Qinghai-Tibet endemic species bar-headed goose the present invention relates to rare bird cultural technique field.Method of the present invention comprises the following steps：1）Preparation process before hatching（1）Cleaning, sterilization and the debugging of incubator and relevant device；（2）The cleaning and sterilizing of egg；2）Epidemic disaster rate-determining steps in hatching：（1）Temperature control；（2）Humid control；3）Management process in hatching：（1）Egg-turning management；（2）According to egg management；（3）Cool egg management；4）Rule and hatching step：Bar-headed goose hatching egg starts shell on the 28th day according to this hatching method, hatching；When hatching the 26th day, by normal embryo's hatching egg rule；Eggshell need to be softened by the way of 30 DEG C of water temperature water spray 45 times daily.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The inventive method principle is reliable, and hatching of breeding eggs rate can reach 92 95%, and is adapted to Qinghai-Tibet or even national area to promote the use of.
Description
Technical field
It is more specifically to a kind of to be adapted to Qinghai-Tibet endemic species spot head the present invention relates to rare bird cultural technique field
The artificial Hatchability method of wild goose.
Background technology
At present, bar-headed goose already turns into rare bird aquaculture new lover, is favored [1] by domestic increasing breeding enterprise.
Wild bar-headed goose belongs to national second class protection animal, is mainly bred in China and inhabits Qinghai-xizang Plateau Region, adapts to very much Qinghai-Tibet
The environment [2] of the severe especially anoxic in plateau.Exactly this unique physiological habit determines that wild bar-headed goose is difficult to manually
The characteristics of breeding and cultivation.At present, the artificial farming of domestic bar-headed goose is still in the starting stage [3].Bar-headed goose is improved manually to incubate
Rate, it is the primary problem that all bar-headed goose breeding enterprises face.By retrieving foreign literature database, patent database, still
Have no improve bar-headed goose under various circumstances artificial incubation rate hatching method description.Equally, domestic literature database is without any
Documents and materials are reported, and only go out a similar granted patent in Patent database searching（Application number：CN201110220389, authorize
Day：20130821, denomination of invention：A kind of method for hatching and breeding anser indicus）.But the Constant temperature hatch method that the patent uses（Hatching
Temperature：38.0 DEG C ± 0.1 DEG C, hatch humidity：56.0%±2.0%）, be not in view of embryonic development a dynamic change mistake
Journey, ought to be according to its law of development, corresponding de-regulation incubation temperature and hatching humidity.Also, the patent is only in accordance with one 1987
The Chinese articles that year delivers, negate just the advantage of Hatchability, and then applied for a patent using Constant temperature hatch method, lack scientific research essence
God.Read the document in detail《Bar-headed goose abandons the research of ovum experiments of artificial incubations》One literary [4] are can be found that：1st, the document is carried out to abandoning ovum
Hatching research, draws the conclusion for abandoning that ovum is not dead ovum, rather than hatching method is explored.2nd, document text already refers to
" because appointed condition and hatching house are simple and crude, between 36.4 DEG C -39 DEG C, relative humidity becomes for temperature change actually in incubator
Move between 45.7%-52.1% ", therefore can determine that artificial incubation rate relatively low in this article is due to using abandoning ovum and simple and crude at that time
Equipment causes too high incubation temperature（39℃）It is caused, it is impossible to thus to infer that Hatchability technology is infeasible.It is further, since wild
In raw environment, the hatching process of bar-headed goose ovum is dynamic temperature change, therefore more meets its natural growth course using Hatchability.Institute
It is obvious unscientific to use artificial Constant temperature hatch, it is difficult to really ensure efficient bar-headed goose incubation rate.Wild to this
Species are carried out under domestication's situation urgent with the new agricultural breeding variety requirement of breeding, the artificial incubation method of bar-headed goose
Urgently improve.
The content of the invention
In order to abandon the irrationality of the artificial Constant temperature hatch technology of bar-headed goose, the growth based on bar-headed goose embryo's different phase
Law of development, present invention offer is a kind of both scientific and reasonable and simple to operate, and and can ensures to be formed under Qinghai-Tibet particular surroundings
This species bar-headed goose high hatchability artificial Hatchability method.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of suitable Qinghai-Tibet artificial Hatchability side of endemic species bar-headed goose
Method, it is characterised in that described method comprises the following steps：
1）Preparation process before hatching
（1）Cleaning, sterilization and the debugging of incubator and relevant device：Hatching starts first 5 days, suitably takes 14 to hatch machine
The fumigation of every cubic metre of Hao Sheng ∕ every cubic metre of the Ke of formalin+7 ∕ potassium permanganate；After the completion of sterilization, ventilation
3-5 days；
（2）The cleaning and sterilizing of egg：The bar-headed goose hatching egg of health is selected, it is the height that 0.1% temperature is 25 DEG C to be dipped in concentration
In potassium manganate solution, after soaking 10-15 minutes, egg surface contaminants are gently wiped away with hairbrush；Clean egg is transferred to hatching house
In, the code-disc after egg surface is dried, during code-disc blunt end be egg stub end upward, wait to be placed into incubator；
2）Epidemic disaster rate-determining steps in hatching
（1）Temperature control：According to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, incubation temperature answers from low to high；Hatching 1-7 days, temperature
For 36.8-38 DEG C；Hatching 7-15 days, temperature are 36.8-38 DEG C；Hatching 15-26 days, temperature are 33-37 DEG C；Hatching should after starting
The record of brooding time is carried out, and detects the temperature of hatch machine at any time, should be timely if incubation temperature is misfitted with said temperature
Adjustment；
（2）Humid control：According to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, hatching humidity should be first low rear high；Hatching 1-7 days, humidity
For 45-50%, the upper limit that must not be more than 50%；Hatching 7-15 days, humidity 50-55%；Hatching 15-26 days, humidity 55-
60%；Need also exist for carrying out the record of brooding time, and detect the humidity of hatch machine at any time, if hatching humidity and above-mentioned humidity
Scope misfits, and should adjust in time；
3）Management process in hatching
（1）Egg-turning management：Common hatch machine has automatic egg turning function, can be substantially reduced using the function in hatching process
Labor intensity；It can be heated evenly each position of embryo by egg-turning, beneficial to embryonic development；Enter 1-20 days after incubating, egg-turning can
It is arranged to：Every 2 hour egg-turnings once, daily egg-turning amounts to 12 times, and each flip angle is 90 °；Stop egg-turning after 20 days；
（2）According to egg management：Bar-headed goose whole hatching process, it is required for by detecting the development condition of embryo according to egg；It is logical
Cross and clear egg and addled egg cleaned out hatch machine in time according to egg, can be provided for the development of normal egg one it is high-quality free of contamination
Environment of hatching；According to egg, carried out when hatching the 7th day for 1st time；This is to detect clear egg in time according to the main purpose of egg；
According to egg, carried out when hatching the 15th day, this is to detect addled egg in time according to the main purpose of egg for 2nd time；In hatching 24-
At 28 days, it is required to shine egg 1 time daily, the main purpose according to egg is to detect addled egg in time.It is above-mentioned each time according to egg, can
Selection is carried out at night；
（3）Cool egg management：Wild bar-headed goose has when hatching filial generation and flies away from the habit that nest carries out cool egg；Artificial incubation
During the 30 minutes cool egg time every time is set, with embryonic development different phase, gradually increased mode is carried out cool egg number；Often
During secondary cool egg, hatch machine is arranged to：Heat button is closed, and humidity option button keeps constant, and blowing is opened；
Hatching 1-7 days, it is not necessary to cool egg；Hatching 7-10 days, daily within the fixed same period, cool egg 1 time；Hatching
10-15 days, daily within the fixed same period, cool egg 2 times；Hatching 15-20 days, daily in the fixed same period
It is interior, cool egg 3 times；Hatching 20-26 days, daily within the fixed same period, cool egg 4 times；
4）Rule and hatching step
Bar-headed goose hatching egg starts shell on the 28th day according to this hatching method, hatching；, will be normal when hatching the 26th day
Embryo's hatching egg rule；Eggshell need to be softened by the way of 30 DEG C of water temperature water spray 4-5 times daily.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：During bar-headed goose artificial incubation, embryo's hair is not run counter to
Rule is educated, by changing incubation temperature and humidity, both ensure that 92-95% incubation rate, but it is easy to operate feasible.And simulate
Bar-headed goose adds cool egg link in the natural hatching process of Qinghai-Tibet Platean so that this artificial Hatchability method in the whole nation not
With the highest level that can be still obtained under regional natural environment under high incubation rate, and identical natural conditions.
Embodiment
The invention discloses one kind to be adapted to the national artificial Hatchability method of different regions natural environment bar-headed goose, with reference to tool
The invention will be further described for body embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to that.
One kind is adapted to the Qinghai-Tibet artificial Hatchability method of endemic species bar-headed goose, it is characterised in that described method bag
Include following steps：
1）Preparation process before hatching
（1）Cleaning, sterilization and the debugging of incubator and relevant device：Hatching starts first 5 days, suitably takes 14 to hatch machine
The fumigation of every cubic metre of Hao Sheng ∕ every cubic metre of the Ke of formalin+7 ∕ potassium permanganate；After the completion of sterilization, ventilation
3-5 days；
（2）The cleaning and sterilizing of egg：The bar-headed goose hatching egg of health is selected, it is the height that 0.1% temperature is 25 DEG C to be dipped in concentration
In potassium manganate solution, after soaking 10-15 minutes, egg surface contaminants are gently wiped away with hairbrush；Clean egg is transferred to hatching house
In, the code-disc after egg surface is dried, during code-disc blunt end be egg stub end upward, wait to be placed into incubator；
2）Epidemic disaster rate-determining steps in hatching
（1）Temperature control：According to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, incubation temperature answers from low to high；Hatching 1-7 days, temperature
For 36.8-38 DEG C；Hatching 7-15 days, temperature are 36.8-38 DEG C；Hatching 15-26 days, temperature are 33-37 DEG C；Hatching should after starting
The record of brooding time is carried out, and detects the temperature of hatch machine at any time, should be timely if incubation temperature is misfitted with said temperature
Adjustment；
（2）Humid control：According to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, hatching humidity should be first low rear high；Hatching 1-7 days, humidity
For 45-50%, the upper limit that must not be more than 50%；Hatching 7-15 days, humidity 50-55%；Hatching 15-26 days, humidity 55-
60%；Need also exist for carrying out the record of brooding time, and detect the humidity of hatch machine at any time, if hatching humidity and above-mentioned humidity
Scope misfits, and should adjust in time；
3）Management process in hatching
（1）Egg-turning management：Common hatch machine has automatic egg turning function, can be substantially reduced using the function in hatching process
Labor intensity；It can be heated evenly each position of embryo by egg-turning, beneficial to embryonic development；Enter 1-20 days after incubating, egg-turning can
It is arranged to：Every 2 hour egg-turnings once, daily egg-turning amounts to 12 times, and each flip angle is 90 °；Stop egg-turning after 20 days；
（2）According to egg management：Bar-headed goose whole hatching process, it is required for by detecting the development condition of embryo according to egg；It is logical
Cross and clear egg and addled egg cleaned out hatch machine in time according to egg, can be provided for the development of normal egg one it is high-quality free of contamination
Environment of hatching；According to egg, carried out when hatching the 7th day for 1st time；This is to detect clear egg in time according to the main purpose of egg；
According to egg, carried out when hatching the 15th day, this is to detect addled egg in time according to the main purpose of egg for 2nd time；In hatching 24-
At 28 days, it is required to shine egg 1 time daily, the main purpose according to egg is to detect addled egg in time.It is above-mentioned each time according to egg, can
Selection is carried out at night；
（3）Cool egg management：Wild bar-headed goose has when hatching filial generation and flies away from the habit that nest carries out cool egg；Artificial incubation
During the 30 minutes cool egg time every time is set, with embryonic development different phase, gradually increased mode is carried out cool egg number；Often
During secondary cool egg, hatch machine is arranged to：Heat button is closed, and humidity option button keeps constant, and blowing is opened；
Hatching 1-7 days, it is not necessary to cool egg；Hatching 7-10 days, daily within the fixed same period, cool egg 1 time；Hatching
10-15 days, daily within the fixed same period, cool egg 2 times；Hatching 15-20 days, daily in the fixed same period
It is interior, cool egg 3 times；Hatching 20-26 days, daily within the fixed same period, cool egg 4 times；
4）Rule and hatching step
Bar-headed goose hatching egg starts shell on the 28th day according to this hatching method, hatching；, will be normal when hatching the 26th day
Embryo's hatching egg rule；Eggshell need to be softened by the way of 30 DEG C of water temperature water spray 4-5 times daily.
Further, the artificial Hatchability method, bar-headed goose hatching of breeding eggs rate can reach 92-95%.
Embodiment 1：
One kind is adapted to the Qinghai-Tibet artificial Hatchability method of endemic species bar-headed goose, it is characterised in that described method bag
Include following steps：
1）Preparation process before hatching
（1）Cleaning, sterilization and the debugging of incubator and relevant device：Hatching starts first 5 days, suitably takes 14 to hatch machine
The fumigation of every cubic metre of Hao Sheng ∕ every cubic metre of the Ke of formalin+7 ∕ potassium permanganate；After the completion of sterilization, ventilation 3
My god；
（2）The cleaning and sterilizing of egg：The bar-headed goose hatching egg of health is selected, it is the height that 0.1% temperature is 25 DEG C to be dipped in concentration
In potassium manganate solution, after soaking 10 minutes, egg surface contaminants are gently wiped away with hairbrush；Clean egg is transferred in hatching house,
The code-disc after egg surface is dried, during code-disc blunt end be egg stub end upward, wait to be placed into incubator；
2）Epidemic disaster rate-determining steps in hatching
（1）Temperature control：According to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, incubation temperature answers from low to high；Hatching 1-7 days, temperature
For 36.8 DEG C；Hatching 7 days, temperature are 36.8 DEG C；Hatching 15 days, temperature are 33 DEG C；Hatching should carry out brooding time after starting
Record, and the temperature of hatch machine is detected at any time, if incubation temperature is misfitted with said temperature, should adjust in time；
（2）Humid control：According to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, hatching humidity should be first low rear high；Hatching 1-7 days, humidity
For 45%, the upper limit that must not be more than 50%；Hatching 7 days, humidity 50%；Hatching 15 days, humidity 55%；Need also exist for carrying out and incubate
Change the record of time, and detect the humidity of hatch machine at any time, if hatching humidity misfits with above-mentioned humidity range, should adjust in time
It is whole；
3）Management process in hatching
（1）Egg-turning management：Common hatch machine has automatic egg turning function, can be substantially reduced using the function in hatching process
Labor intensity；It can be heated evenly each position of embryo by egg-turning, beneficial to embryonic development；Enter 1-20 days after incubating, egg-turning can
It is arranged to：Every 2 hour egg-turnings once, daily egg-turning amounts to 12 times, and each flip angle is 90 °；Stop egg-turning after 20 days；
（2）According to egg management：Bar-headed goose whole hatching process, it is required for by detecting the development condition of embryo according to egg；It is logical
Cross and clear egg and addled egg cleaned out hatch machine in time according to egg, can be provided for the development of normal egg one it is high-quality free of contamination
Environment of hatching；According to egg, carried out when hatching the 7th day for 1st time；This is to detect clear egg in time according to the main purpose of egg；
According to egg, carried out when hatching the 15th day, this is to detect addled egg in time according to the main purpose of egg for 2nd time；In hatching the 24th
It when, be required to daily according to egg 1 time, the main purpose according to egg is to detect addled egg in time.It is above-mentioned each time according to egg, it is optional
Select and carried out at night；
（3）Cool egg management：Wild bar-headed goose has when hatching filial generation and flies away from the habit that nest carries out cool egg；Artificial incubation
During the 30 minutes cool egg time every time is set, with embryonic development different phase, gradually increased mode is carried out cool egg number；Often
During secondary cool egg, hatch machine is arranged to：Heat button is closed, and humidity option button keeps constant, and blowing is opened；
Hatching 1-7 days, it is not necessary to cool egg；Hatching 7-10 days, daily within the fixed same period, cool egg 1 time；Hatching
10-15 days, daily within the fixed same period, cool egg 2 times；Hatching 15-20 days, daily in the fixed same period
It is interior, cool egg 3 times；Hatching 20-26 days, daily within the fixed same period, cool egg 4 times；
4）Rule and hatching step
Bar-headed goose hatching egg starts shell on the 28th day according to this hatching method, hatching；, will be normal when hatching the 26th day
Embryo's hatching egg rule；Eggshell need to be softened by the way of 30 DEG C of water temperature water spray 4-5 times daily.
Using above-mentioned artificial Hatchability method, bar-headed goose hatching of breeding eggs rate can reach 92%.
Embodiment 2.
One kind is adapted to the Qinghai-Tibet artificial Hatchability method of endemic species bar-headed goose, it is characterised in that described method bag
Include following steps：
1）Preparation process before hatching
（1）Cleaning, sterilization and the debugging of incubator and relevant device：Hatching starts first 5 days, suitably takes 14 to hatch machine
The fumigation of every cubic metre of Hao Sheng ∕ every cubic metre of the Ke of formalin+7 ∕ potassium permanganate；After the completion of sterilization, ventilation 4
My god；
（2）The cleaning and sterilizing of egg：The bar-headed goose hatching egg of health is selected, it is the height that 0.1% temperature is 25 DEG C to be dipped in concentration
In potassium manganate solution, after soaking 12 minutes, egg surface contaminants are gently wiped away with hairbrush；Clean egg is transferred in hatching house,
The code-disc after egg surface is dried, during code-disc blunt end be egg stub end upward, wait to be placed into incubator；
2）Epidemic disaster rate-determining steps in hatching
（1）Temperature control：According to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, incubation temperature answers from low to high；Hatching 1-7 days, temperature
For 38 DEG C；Hatching 7-15 days, temperature are 37 DEG C；Hatching 15-26 days, temperature are 36 DEG C；Hatching should carry out brooding time after starting
Record, and at any time detect hatch machine temperature, if incubation temperature is misfitted with said temperature, should adjust in time；
（2）Humid control：According to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, hatching humidity should be first low rear high；Hatching 1-7 days, humidity
For 45-50%, the upper limit that must not be more than 50%；Hatching 7-15 days, humidity 50-55%；Hatching 15-26 days, humidity 55-
60%；Need also exist for carrying out the record of brooding time, and detect the humidity of hatch machine at any time, if hatching humidity and above-mentioned humidity
Scope misfits, and should adjust in time；
3）Management process in hatching
（1）Egg-turning management：Common hatch machine has automatic egg turning function, can be substantially reduced using the function in hatching process
Labor intensity；It can be heated evenly each position of embryo by egg-turning, beneficial to embryonic development；Enter 1-20 days after incubating, egg-turning can
It is arranged to：Every 2 hour egg-turnings once, daily egg-turning amounts to 12 times, and each flip angle is 90 °；Stop egg-turning after 20 days；
（2）According to egg management：Bar-headed goose whole hatching process, it is required for by detecting the development condition of embryo according to egg；It is logical
Cross and clear egg and addled egg cleaned out hatch machine in time according to egg, can be provided for the development of normal egg one it is high-quality free of contamination
Environment of hatching；According to egg, carried out when hatching the 7th day for 1st time；This is to detect clear egg in time according to the main purpose of egg；
According to egg, carried out when hatching the 15th day, this is to detect addled egg in time according to the main purpose of egg for 2nd time；In hatching 24-
At 28 days, it is required to shine egg 1 time daily, the main purpose according to egg is to detect addled egg in time.It is above-mentioned each time according to egg, can
Selection is carried out at night；
（3）Cool egg management：Wild bar-headed goose has when hatching filial generation and flies away from the habit that nest carries out cool egg；Artificial incubation
During the 30 minutes cool egg time every time is set, with embryonic development different phase, gradually increased mode is carried out cool egg number；Often
During secondary cool egg, hatch machine is arranged to：Heat button is closed, and humidity option button keeps constant, and blowing is opened；
Hatching 1-7 days, it is not necessary to cool egg；Hatching 7-10 days, daily within the fixed same period, cool egg 1 time；Hatching
10-15 days, daily within the fixed same period, cool egg 2 times；Hatching 15-20 days, daily in the fixed same period
It is interior, cool egg 3 times；Hatching 20-26 days, daily within the fixed same period, cool egg 4 times；
4）Rule and hatching step
Bar-headed goose hatching egg starts shell on the 28th day according to this hatching method, hatching；, will be normal when hatching the 26th day
Embryo's hatching egg rule；Eggshell need to be softened by the way of 30 DEG C of water temperature water spray 5 times daily.
Using above-mentioned artificial Hatchability method, bar-headed goose hatching of breeding eggs rate can reach 93%.
Embodiment 3.
One kind is adapted to the Qinghai-Tibet artificial Hatchability method of endemic species bar-headed goose, it is characterised in that described method bag
Include following steps：
1）Preparation process before hatching
（1）Cleaning, sterilization and the debugging of incubator and relevant device：Hatching starts first 5 days, suitably takes 14 to hatch machine
The fumigation of every cubic metre of Hao Sheng ∕ every cubic metre of the Ke of formalin+7 ∕ potassium permanganate；After the completion of sterilization, ventilation 5
My god；
（2）The cleaning and sterilizing of egg：The bar-headed goose hatching egg of health is selected, it is the height that 0.1% temperature is 25 DEG C to be dipped in concentration
In potassium manganate solution, after soaking 15 minutes, egg surface contaminants are gently wiped away with hairbrush；Clean egg is transferred in hatching house,
The code-disc after egg surface is dried, during code-disc blunt end be egg stub end upward, wait to be placed into incubator；
2）Epidemic disaster rate-determining steps in hatching
（1）Temperature control：According to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, incubation temperature answers from low to high；Hatching 1-7 days, temperature
For 37.8 DEG C；Hatching 7-15 days, temperature are 37.6 DEG C；Hatching 15-26 days, temperature are 35 DEG C；Hatching should carry out hatching after starting
The record of time, and the temperature of hatch machine is detected at any time, if incubation temperature is misfitted with said temperature, should adjust in time；
（2）Humid control：According to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, hatching humidity should be first low rear high；Hatching 1-7 days, humidity
For 45-50%, the upper limit that must not be more than 50%；Hatching 7-15 days, humidity 50-55%；Hatching 15-26 days, humidity 55-
60%；Need also exist for carrying out the record of brooding time, and detect the humidity of hatch machine at any time, if hatching humidity and above-mentioned humidity
Scope misfits, and should adjust in time；
3）Management process in hatching
（1）Egg-turning management：Common hatch machine has automatic egg turning function, can be substantially reduced using the function in hatching process
Labor intensity；It can be heated evenly each position of embryo by egg-turning, beneficial to embryonic development；Enter 1-20 days after incubating, egg-turning can
It is arranged to：Every 2 hour egg-turnings once, daily egg-turning amounts to 12 times, and each flip angle is 90 °；Stop egg-turning after 20 days；
（2）According to egg management：Bar-headed goose whole hatching process, it is required for by detecting the development condition of embryo according to egg；It is logical
Cross and clear egg and addled egg cleaned out hatch machine in time according to egg, can be provided for the development of normal egg one it is high-quality free of contamination
Environment of hatching；According to egg, carried out when hatching the 7th day for 1st time；This is to detect clear egg in time according to the main purpose of egg；
According to egg, carried out when hatching the 15th day, this is to detect addled egg in time according to the main purpose of egg for 2nd time；In hatching 24-
At 28 days, it is required to shine egg 1 time daily, the main purpose according to egg is to detect addled egg in time.It is above-mentioned each time according to egg, can
Selection is carried out at night；
（3）Cool egg management：Wild bar-headed goose has when hatching filial generation and flies away from the habit that nest carries out cool egg；Artificial incubation
During the 30 minutes cool egg time every time is set, with embryonic development different phase, gradually increased mode is carried out cool egg number；Often
During secondary cool egg, hatch machine is arranged to：Heat button is closed, and humidity option button keeps constant, and blowing is opened；
Hatching 1-7 days, it is not necessary to cool egg；Hatching 7-10 days, daily within the fixed same period, cool egg 1 time；Hatching
10-15 days, daily within the fixed same period, cool egg 2 times；Hatching 15-20 days, daily in the fixed same period
It is interior, cool egg 3 times；Hatching 20-26 days, daily within the fixed same period, cool egg 4 times；
4）Rule and hatching step
Bar-headed goose hatching egg starts shell on the 28th day according to this hatching method, hatching；, will be normal when hatching the 26th day
Embryo's hatching egg rule；Eggshell need to be softened by the way of 30 DEG C of water temperature water spray 4-5 times daily.
Using above-mentioned artificial Hatchability method, bar-headed goose hatching of breeding eggs rate can reach 95%.
It the experiment proved that, according to Hatchability method of the present invention, incubation rate is up to 92-95%（Research initial stage, incubate
Rate is only 50%, just reaches 92-95% by constantly groping to improve）.For the people of Qinghai-xizang Plateau Region endemic species bar-headed goose
Work domestication is significant.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (2)
1. one kind is adapted to the Qinghai-Tibet artificial Hatchability method of endemic species bar-headed goose, it is characterised in that：Described method bag
Include following steps：
1) preparation process before hatching
(1) cleaning, sterilization and the debugging of incubator and relevant device：Hatching starts first 5 days, suitably takes hatch machine 14 millis
Rise/the fumigation of the potassium permanganate of every cubic metre of+7 grams/every cubic metre of formalin；After the completion of sterilization, ventilation 3-5
My god；
(2) cleaning and sterilizing of egg：The bar-headed goose hatching egg of health is selected, it is the Gao Meng that 0.1% temperature is 25 DEG C to be dipped in concentration
In sour potassium solution, after soaking 10-15 minutes, egg surface contaminants are gently wiped away with hairbrush；Clean egg is transferred in hatching house,
The code-disc after egg surface is dried, during code-disc blunt end be egg stub end it is super on, wait to be placed into incubator；
2) the epidemic disaster rate-determining steps in hatching
(1) temperature control：According to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, incubation temperature answers from low to high；Hatching 1-7 days, temperature are
36.8-38℃；Hatching 7-15 days, temperature are 36.8-38 DEG C；Hatching 15-26 days, temperature are 33-37 DEG C；Hatching is carried out after starting
The record of brooding time, and the temperature of hatch machine is detected at any time, if incubation temperature is misfitted with said temperature, should adjust in time
It is whole；
(2) humid control：According to bar-headed goose embryonic development rule, incubation temperature should be first low rear high；Hatching 1-7 days, humidity 45-
50%, the upper limit that must not be more than 50%；Hatching 7-15 days, humidity 50-55%；Hatching 15-26 days, humidity 55-60%；
The record of brooding time is equally carried out, and detects the humidity of hatch machine at any time, should if hatching humidity misfits with above-mentioned humidity
Adjustment in time；
3) management process in hatching
(1) egg-turning management：Common hatch machine has automatic egg turning function, and the labor in hatching process can be substantially reduced using the function
Fatigue resistance；Each position of embryo is heated evenly by egg-turning, beneficial to embryonic development；Enter 1-20 days after incubating, egg-turning is arranged to：Often
Every 2 hour egg-turnings once, daily egg-turning amounts to 12 times, and each flip angle is 90 °；Stop egg-turning after 20 days；
(2) egg management is shone：Bar-headed goose whole hatching process, it is required for by detecting the development condition of embryo according to egg；Pass through photograph
Clear egg and addled egg are cleaned out hatch machine by egg in time, and a high-quality free of contamination hatching ring is provided for the development of normal egg
Border；According to egg, carried out when hatching the 7th day for 1st time；This is to detect clear egg in time according to the main purpose of egg；2nd photograph
Egg, carried out when hatching the 15th day, this is to detect addled egg in time according to the main purpose of egg；When hatching the 24-28 days,
It is required to shine egg 1 time daily, the main purpose according to egg is to detect addled egg in time；
(3) cool egg management：Wild bar-headed goose has when hatching filial generation and flies away from the habit that nest carries out cool egg；Artificial incubation process
Middle to set the 30 minutes cool egg time every time, with embryonic development different phase, gradually increased mode is carried out cool egg number；It is cool every time
During egg, hatch machine is arranged to：Heat button is closed, and humidity option button keeps constant, and blowing is opened；
Hatching 1-7 days, it is not necessary to cool egg；Hatching 7-10 days, daily within the fixed same period, cool egg 1 time；Hatch 10-
15 days, daily within the fixed same period, cool egg 2 times；Hatching 15-20 days, it is cool daily within the fixed same period
Egg 3 times；Hatching 20-26 days, daily within the fixed same period, cool egg 4 times；
4) rule and hatching step
Bar-headed goose hatching egg starts shell on the 28th day according to this hatching method, hatching；When hatching the 26th day, by normal embryo
Hatching egg rule；Eggshell need to be softened by the way of 30 DEG C of water temperature water spray 4-5 times daily.
2. a kind of suitable Qinghai-Tibet artificial Hatchability method of endemic species bar-headed goose according to claim 1, it is special
Sign is：92-95% is can reach using the artificial Hatchability method bar-headed goose hatching of breeding eggs rate.
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| CN105850873B (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2018-08-21 | 安庆永强农业科技股份有限公司 | Kind duck mating system |
| CN105961324A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-09-28 | 李莉 | Incubation method for shortening incubation period of bar-headed gooses |
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