CN105121449B - 含磷阻燃剂 - Google Patents
含磷阻燃剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105121449B CN105121449B CN201480021909.3A CN201480021909A CN105121449B CN 105121449 B CN105121449 B CN 105121449B CN 201480021909 A CN201480021909 A CN 201480021909A CN 105121449 B CN105121449 B CN 105121449B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- phosphorus
- containing polyol
- polyurethane
- alkyl
- aryl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 13
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 title description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 164
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 164
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 163
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- GTACSIONMHMRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(benzenesulfonamido)ethylsulfanyl]-2,6-difluorophenoxy]acetamide Chemical compound C1=C(F)C(OCC(=O)N)=C(F)C=C1SCCNS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GTACSIONMHMRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 101710130081 Aspergillopepsin-1 Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 102100031007 Cytosolic non-specific dipeptidase Human genes 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphinate Chemical group [O-][PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 46
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 30
- -1 phosphonate ester Chemical class 0.000 description 23
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical group OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 10
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 8
- HXBZCHYDLURWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl hydrogen phosphate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(=O)(O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HXBZCHYDLURWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 5
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003863 metallic catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006366 phosphorylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M cyanate Chemical compound [O-]C#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SFNALCNOMXIBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol monododecyl ether Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCO SFNALCNOMXIBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000026731 phosphorylation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZXHZWRZAWJVPIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanatonaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(N=C=O)C(N=C=O)=CC=C21 ZXHZWRZAWJVPIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1H-imidazole Chemical compound CN1C=CN=C1 MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocyanic acid Chemical compound N=C=O OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical class [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous cyanic acid Natural products OC#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940043237 diethanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- GTTBQSNGUYHPNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OCP(O)(O)=O GTTBQSNGUYHPNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical group OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000582 polyisocyanurate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011495 polyisocyanurate Substances 0.000 description 2
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium formate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=O WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical class ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFDWWDZLRKHULH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethyl-5,6-dihydro-4h-pyrimidine Chemical class CN1CCCN=C1C ZFDWWDZLRKHULH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GIWQSPITLQVMSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethylimidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1C GIWQSPITLQVMSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylpiperidine Chemical class CN1CCCCC1 PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10-octahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepine Chemical compound C1CCCCN2CCCN=C21 GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethylpyridine Chemical class CC1=CC=CC(C)=N1 OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DFGLZFZXSHRQEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)[K] Chemical compound CC(C)[K] DFGLZFZXSHRQEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004425 Makrolon Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WUGQZFFCHPXWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanolamine Chemical compound NCCCO WUGQZFFCHPXWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQQXCSFSYHAZOO-UHFFFAOYSA-L [acetyloxy(dioctyl)stannyl] acetate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Sn](OC(C)=O)(OC(C)=O)CCCCCCCC CQQXCSFSYHAZOO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001409 amidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004103 aminoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013556 antirust agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- YAVVGPBYBUYPSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;oxygen Chemical compound [O].C1=CC=CC=C1 YAVVGPBYBUYPSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical group NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LUZSPGQEISANPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn] LUZSPGQEISANPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical compound F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012230 colorless oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002887 deanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012972 dimethylethanolamine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002012 dioxanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000006840 diphenylmethane group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002168 ethanoic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC([O-])=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940070765 laurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- QATBRNFTOCXULG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-(methylamino)ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CNCCNCCN QATBRNFTOCXULG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000269 nucleophilic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M octanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC([O-])=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002903 organophosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004624 perflexane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZJIJAJXFLBMLCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorohexane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ZJIJAJXFLBMLCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008301 phosphite esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PJGSXYOJTGTZAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pinacolone Chemical compound CC(=O)C(C)(C)C PJGSXYOJTGTZAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVLTXCYWHPZMCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N po4-po4 Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O QVLTXCYWHPZMCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006149 polyester-amide block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012667 polymer degradation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006295 polythiol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007614 solvation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005622 tetraalkylammonium hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- SYRHIZPPCHMRIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(4+) Chemical class [Sn+4] SYRHIZPPCHMRIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 231100000027 toxicology Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REZQBEBOWJAQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacontyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO REZQBEBOWJAQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ureidocarboxylic acid Natural products NC(=O)NC(O)=O AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/14—Manufacture of cellular products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/08—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/09—Esters of phosphoric acids
- C07F9/093—Polyol derivatives esterified at least twice by phosphoric acid groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/08—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/09—Esters of phosphoric acids
- C07F9/12—Esters of phosphoric acids with hydroxyaryl compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/30—Phosphinic acids [R2P(=O)(OH)]; Thiophosphinic acids ; [R2P(=X1)(X2H) (X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
- C07F9/32—Esters thereof
- C07F9/3258—Esters thereof the ester moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/38—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen
- C08G18/3878—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4018—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/48
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4205—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing cyclic groups
- C08G18/4208—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing cyclic groups containing aromatic groups
- C08G18/4211—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing cyclic groups containing aromatic groups derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acids and dialcohols
- C08G18/4216—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing cyclic groups containing aromatic groups derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acids and dialcohols from mixtures or combinations of aromatic dicarboxylic acids and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids and dialcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4804—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature
- C08G18/4816—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature mixtures of two or more polyetherpolyols having at least three hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4825—Polyethers containing two hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4833—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units
- C08G18/4837—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units and other oxyalkylene units
- C08G18/4841—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units and other oxyalkylene units containing oxyethylene end groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/487—Polyethers containing cyclic groups
- C08G18/4875—Polyethers containing cyclic groups containing cycloaliphatic groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/487—Polyethers containing cyclic groups
- C08G18/4883—Polyethers containing cyclic groups containing cyclic groups having at least one oxygen atom in the ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/50—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen
- C08G18/5075—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/50—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen
- C08G18/5075—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having phosphorus
- C08G18/5078—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having phosphorus having phosphorus bound to carbon and/or to hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/6552—Compounds of group C08G18/63
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6666—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7614—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring
- C08G18/7621—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring being toluene diisocyanate including isomer mixtures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0008—Foam properties flexible
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0025—Foam properties rigid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0083—Foam properties prepared using water as the sole blowing agent
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Polyethers (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种含磷多元醇,其通过一种包括使至少一种多元醇与本文中定义的通式(I)的含磷化合物反应的方法可获得或获得,以及涉及制备含磷多元醇的方法,包括使至少一种多元醇与通式(I)的含磷化合物反应。此外,本发明涉及本文公开的含磷多元醇作为阻燃剂的用途,涉及一种制备聚氨酯的方法以及所述聚氨酯。
Description
本发明涉及一种含磷多元醇,其通过一种包括使至少一种多元醇与本文定义的通式(I)的含磷化合物反应的方法可获得或获得;以及涉及制备含磷多元醇的方法,其包括使至少一种多元醇与通式(I)的含磷化合物反应。此外,本发明涉及本文公开的含磷多元醇作为阻燃剂的用途,涉及一种制备聚氨酯的方法以及所述聚氨酯。
存在许多不同的向聚合物(特别是聚氨酯,且非常特别是聚氨酯泡沫)提供阻燃性的方法。第一种方法是形成外壳以防止火焰到达可燃材料。热解产物将氧气从聚合物基质中除去,并使碳层形成于聚合物的表面。该碳层防止火焰引起位于该层下面的塑料热分解或氧化分解。使用的术语为膨胀(intumescence)。含磷化合物以及其中的有机磷化合物被广泛用于在发生火灾时形成碳化外壳。有机磷阻燃剂大多基于磷酸酯、膦酸酯或亚磷酸酯。
卤代化合物也被用作阻燃剂。与含磷阻燃剂相反,其在火焰的气相中反应。此处低反应性卤素自由基清除由聚合物降解产物产生的各种高反应性自由基,由此通过自由基抑制火势蔓延。此处含溴阻燃剂是特别有效的。另一种特别有效的阻燃剂是磷酸三氯异丙酯(TCPP),其不仅含有磷酸酯还含有卤素氯,因此通过上述两种机制作用。
然而,卤代阻燃剂——特别是含溴阻燃剂——因毒理学、环境和监管原因是不可取的。含卤阻燃剂在发生火灾时还增加了烟密度。因此,正在进行多种尝试以尽量避免含卤阻燃剂。
已知的无卤素阻燃剂的实例为固体阻燃剂,例如三聚氰胺或聚磷酸铵。这些固体颗粒对聚合物具有不良影响,特别是对聚氨酯泡沫的特性具有不良影响。特别地,固体阻燃剂还在聚氨酯的制备中产生问题。例如,聚氨酯的制备优选使用液体原料,包括溶液形式的那些。使用固体颗粒导致在常用于聚氨酯制备的混合物中产生分离现象,并因此批次的寿命仅为约一天。此外,固体阻燃剂颗粒会磨损计量单元,例如在泡沫设备中。所述阻燃剂还对发泡方法的化学过程具有不良影响,以及对泡沫的特性具有不良影响。
许多液体阻燃剂,例如磷酸三乙酯(TEP)或乙基膦酸二乙酯(DEEP),有助于例如来自塑料的释放,从而使这些塑料产生难闻的气味。此外,液体阻燃剂对聚氨酯泡沫制备中的发泡反应具有不良影响,以及对泡沫的特性如机械特性具有不良影响。已知的液体阻燃剂也常用作增塑剂。
为了解决释放问题,已为聚氨酯开发了可掺入的阻燃剂(incorporatable flameretardant)。可掺入的阻燃剂,例如购自Clariant的OP560,相对于异氰酸酯通常具有小于或等于2的官能度,并且通常降低聚氨酯泡沫中的交联密度,因此损害了泡沫的特性,特别是在硬质聚氨酯泡沫中。
WO 2003/104374 A1、WO 2004/076509 A2和WO 2005/052031 A1记载了与膦酸反应的超支化聚丙烯腈聚丙烯酰胺、聚酰胺和聚胺作为防锈剂、润滑剂、纺织添加剂和阻燃剂的用途。所述化合物不适合用于聚氨酯和特别是聚氨酯泡沫,因为含氮结构严重影响了泡沫形成过程的催化。
WO 2010/080425 A1公开了一种制备羟甲基膦酸酯的方法,包括:将溶剂中的多聚甲醛加热至所需的反应温度,其中所述溶剂以至少使多聚甲醛溶剂化或悬浮所需的量存在;向经加热的多聚甲醛加入至少一种亚磷酸烷基酯以产生羟甲基膦酸酯,所述亚磷酸烷基酯以避免或抑制产生显著的放热并产生高/显著浓度的一种或多种酸性副产物的速率加入经加热的多聚甲醛中,在该反应介质中存在至少一种受阻胺催化剂,其中所述胺中的氮直接键合到有机基团的仲碳和/或叔碳;以及任选地,在完成加入后,将反应混合物加热至高温。还公开了获得的产物用于制备聚氨酯的用途。获得的聚氨酯显示出释放甲醛的问题。
在EP 474076 B1中,Bayer AG记载了高度支化的聚磷酸酯作为聚碳酸酯的阻燃剂。由芳族二羟基化合物和膦酸酯或多磷化合物制备的这些材料的结构使其在用于聚氨酯制备的多元醇中具有差的溶解度,并且这使得难以在聚氨酯中处理这类化合物。
WO 2007/066383记载了与磷化合物(例如9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物)反应的超支化聚酯,以及其作为树脂阻燃剂的用途。该酯基团较低的热稳定性和水解稳定性是不利的。
因此,本发明的目的是提供也可用于聚氨酯制备中的无卤素阻燃剂。
本发明的另一个目的是提供阻燃剂,其使用不会导致聚合物(特别是聚氨酯,且尤其是聚氨酯泡沫)中的释放,并且其在聚合物(特别是聚氨酯,且尤其是聚氨酯泡沫)中的使用不会使特性受到损害,特别是机械特性受到损害。
本发明的这些目的通过一种含磷多元醇实现,所述含磷多元醇由一种包括使至少一种多元醇与通式(I)的含磷化合物反应的方法可获得或获得:
其中,X表示Cl、Br、I、烷氧基或氢,
Y表示O或S,
t为0或1,
R1和R2独立地表示C1-C16-烷基、C2-C16-烯基、C2-C16-炔基、C1-C16-烷氧基、C2-C16-烯氧基、C2-C16-炔氧基、C3-C10-环烷基、C3-C10-环烷氧基、芳基、芳氧基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷氧基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳氧基。
本发明的含磷多元醇可通过一种制备含磷多元醇的方法制备,所述方法包括使至少一种多元醇与通式(I)的含磷化合物反应,其也是本发明的主题:
其中,X表示Cl、Br、I、烷氧基或氢,
Y表示O或S,
t为0或1,
R1和R2独立地表示C1-C16-烷基、C2-C16-烯基、C2-C16-炔基、C1-C16-烷氧基、C2-C16-烯氧基、C2-C16-炔氧基、C3-C10-环烷基、C3-C10-环烷氧基、芳基、芳氧基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷氧基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳氧基。
作为一种解决方案,发现了本发明的基于对多元醇进行部分磷酸化的含磷多元醇。所述合成是一种简单的基于廉价原料的一步反应。由于可用作原料的多元醇的多样性,可容易地获得广泛的含磷多元醇,从而按照所需调节性能和处理。
本发明的含磷多元醇用作阻燃剂,同时可改进机械特性(或防止如在非反应性阻燃剂中观察到的特性的劣化)。阻燃性不仅受磷含量的影响,还受羟基官能度以及显示协同效应的多元醇类型的影响。
通过改变部分磷酸化的程度,可将超支化分子的羟值调节至常用于柔性或硬质泡沫的羟值。因此,含磷多元醇可与常规多元醇容易地混合,并对发泡显示最小的干扰。由此提供用于柔性和硬质聚氨酯泡沫的定制阻燃剂。
本发明的含磷多元醇包括至少一个含磷基团。该至少一个含磷基团优选为通式(II)的基团:
其中
Y表示O或S,
t为0或1,
R1和R2独立地表示C1-C16-烷基、C2-C16-烯基、C2-C16-炔基、C1-C16-烷氧基、C2-C16-烯氧基、C2-C16-炔氧基、C3-C10-环烷基、C3-C10-环烷氧基、芳基、芳氧基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷氧基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳氧基。
R1和R2,相同或不同地,优选为C1-C16-烷基、C1-C16-烷氧基、C3-C10-环烷基、C3-C10-环烷氧基、芳基或芳氧基。Y优选为O,且t优选为1。
特别优选地,R1和R2相同,各自为苯基、甲氧基苯基、甲苯基、呋喃基、环己基、苯氧基、苄基、苄氧基、乙氧基或甲氧基。
含磷多元醇还可包含两个以上不同的含磷基团,优选通式(II)的两个以上不同的基团。所述磷优选以磷酸酯(phosphate)或次膦酸酯(phosphinate)基团的形式存在。
因此,根据进一步的实施方案,本发明涉及如上所公开的含磷多元醇,其中所述磷以磷酸酯或次膦酸酯基团的形式存在。
为制备包含至少一个含磷基团的含磷多元醇,根据本发明优选地,使至少一种多元醇与通式(I)的含磷化合物反应:
其中,X表示Cl、Br、I、烷氧基或氢,
Y表示O或S,
t为0或1,
R1和R2独立地表示C1-C16-烷基、C2-C16-烯基、C2-C16-炔基、C1-C16-烷氧基、C2-C16-烯氧基、C2-C16-炔氧基、C3-C10-环烷基、C3-C10-环烷氧基、芳基、芳氧基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷氧基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳氧基。
式(I)的化合物为已知的和市售可得的,或可通过使用文献公知的合成路线制备。例如记载在Science of Synthesis 42(2008),Houben Weyl E1-2(1982),Houben Weyl 12(1963-1964)]中的合成路线。
所述至少一种多元醇与通式(I)的含磷化合物的反应可在碱的存在下进行。
合适的碱的实例为金属氢化物,例如氢化钠;或非亲核胺碱,例如三乙胺或Hunig's碱;双环胺类,例如DBU、N-甲基咪唑或N-甲基吗啉、N-甲基哌啶、吡啶或取代的吡啶(例如二甲基吡啶)。特别优选三乙胺和N-甲基咪唑。在本文中,碱的用量通常为等摩尔。然而,所述碱也可过量使用或——如果适合——作为溶剂使用。
用于制备本发明含磷多元醇的多元醇通常可为任何合适的具有至少两个反应性氢原子的多元醇,实例为官能度为3至8、优选3、4或5且优选分子量为100至700的那些。因此,例如可使用选自聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇及其混合物的多元醇。
因此,本发明的含磷多元醇优选具有的羟基官能度为0至8,优选1至5,特别是2、3或4。因此,根据进一步的实施方案,本发明涉及如上公开的含磷多元醇,其中所述含磷多元醇具有的羟基官能度为0至8。
此外,本发明的含磷多元醇优选具有的分子量为100至700g/mol。因此,根据进一步的实施方案,本发明涉及如上公开的含磷多元醇,其中所述含磷多元醇具有的分子量为100至700g/mol。
例如,聚醚醇由环氧化物(例如环氧丙烷和/或环氧乙烷)或由四氢呋喃通过使用含有活性氢的起始化合物(例如脂族醇、酚类、胺类、羧酸类、水)或基于天然物质的化合物(例如蔗糖、山梨糖醇或甘露糖醇)并使用催化剂而制备。优选地,由环氧丙烷和/或环氧乙烷制备的聚醚醇用作多元醇。
多元醇优选具有的羟值为2至800mg KOH/g,特别为25至200mg KOH/g,更特别为100至150mg KOH/g。
相对于所需的官能化程度,原料的反应量通常为化学计量量。有利的是,相对于多元醇的羟基官能度可使用过量的磷组分。随机部分磷酸化可通过使用小于化学计量量的磷组分而实现。使用的原料的比例优选为这样的比例,使得本发明的包含至少一个含磷基团的含磷多元醇的磷含量至少为3重量%,特别优选至少为5重量%,且特别为至少7重量%。
优选地,本发明的包含至少一个含磷基团的含磷多元醇的磷含量至少为3重量%,特别优选4至12重量%,更优选6至9重量%。因此,根据进一步的实施方案,本发明涉及如上公开的含磷多元醇,其中含磷多元醇具有的磷含量为3至12重量%,基于含磷多元醇的总重量计。
对于本文中所述的磷含量,除了式(I)化合物的量,另一个先决条件是在含磷多元醇中存在足够的羟基基团。这些量可通过在制备含磷多元醇中适当进行反应而调节,特别是通过至少三官能的多元醇的比例和反应时间(其控制转化率,并因此控制所得多元醇的分子量)而调节。在本文中,多元醇中的全部或部分羟基基团可与磷组分反应。
在本文中,用于制备本发明的包含至少一个含磷基团的含磷多元醇的反应优选在溶剂的存在下进行。用于磷酸化反应的适宜溶剂为惰性有机溶剂,例如DMSO、卤代烃(例如二氯甲烷、氯仿、1,2-二氯乙烷或氯苯)。其他适宜的溶剂为醚类,例如二乙醚、甲基叔丁基醚、二丁醚、二噁烷或四氢呋喃。其他适宜的溶剂为烃类,例如己烷、苯或甲苯。其他适宜的溶剂为腈类,例如乙腈或丙腈。其他适宜的溶剂为酮类,例如丙酮、丁酮或叔丁基甲基酮。还可使用所述溶剂的混合物,并且也可在无溶剂下进行。
所述反应通常在0℃至最高达反应混合物的沸点的温度下进行,优选在0℃至110℃,特别优选在室温至110℃的温度下进行。
反应混合物按照常规方法(例如通过过滤、与水混合、相分离和如果适合,通过粗产物的色谱纯化)进行后处理。产物有时呈现高粘度油的形式,其不含挥发性组分,或在减压和稍微升高的温度下纯化。只要所得产物为固体,纯化方法也可使用重结晶或浸提。
本发明的包含至少一个含磷基团的含磷多元醇用作阻燃剂。本发明的含磷多元醇可用于交联聚合物中,例如用于聚氨酯(例如聚氨酯泡沫)中。
如果本发明的包含至少一个含磷基团的含磷多元醇用于热塑性塑料中,包括用于热塑性聚氨酯中,则本发明的包含至少一个含磷基团的含磷多元醇优选包含小于10%且特别优选小于2%的游离羟基基团,并且特别是不含游离羟基基团,各自基于全部含磷基团和羟基基团计。这通过本发明的含磷多元醇与通式(II)的化合物以合适的比例进行反应而实现。
就本发明而言,聚氨酯包括所有已知的多异氰酸酯加聚产物。这些聚氨酯包括异氰酸酯和醇的加合物,并且它们还包括可含有异氰脲酸酯结构、脲基甲酸酯结构、脲结构、碳二亚胺结构、脲酮亚胺结构和缩二脲结构的改性聚氨酯,并且可包括其他异氰酸酯加合物。本发明的这些聚氨酯特别包括固体多异氰酸酯加聚产物,例如热固性塑料和基于多异氰酸酯加聚产物的泡沫(例如柔性泡沫、半硬质泡沫、硬质泡沫或整体泡沫),以及聚氨酯涂料和粘合剂。就本发明而言,术语聚氨酯还包括含有聚氨酯和其他聚合物的聚合物混合物,以及由所述聚合物混合物制备的泡沫。优选地,本发明的包含至少一个含磷基团的含磷多元醇用于制备聚氨酯泡沫。
就本发明而言,聚氨酯泡沫为根据DIN 7726所述的泡沫。对于本发明的柔性聚氨酯泡沫,在10%压缩下的压缩应力值,或这些泡沫根据DIN 53 421/DIN EN ISO 604的抗压强度,为15kPa以下,优选为1至14kPa,且特别为4至14kPa。对于本发明的半硬质聚氨酯泡沫,根据DIN 53 421/DIN EN ISO 604,在10%压缩下的压缩应力值为大于15至小于80kPa。根据DIN ISO 4590,本发明的半硬质聚氨酯泡沫和本发明的柔性聚氨酯泡沫的开孔因子优选为大于85%,特别优选大于90%。关于本发明的柔性聚氨酯泡沫和本发明的半硬质聚氨酯泡沫的其他细节参见“Kunststoffhandbuch,Band 7,Polyurethane”[Plasticshandbook,第7卷,Polyurethanes],Carl Hanser Verlag,第3版,1993,第5章。
对于本发明的硬质聚氨酯泡沫,在10%压缩下的压缩应力值为大于或等于80kPa,优选大于或等于120kPa,特别优选大于或等于150kPa。此外,根据DIN ISO 4590,硬质聚氨酯泡沫的闭孔因子为大于80%,优选大于90%。关于本发明的硬质聚氨酯泡沫的其他细节参见“Kunststoffhandbuch,Band 7,Polyurethane”[Plastics handbook,第7卷,Polyurethanes],Carl Hanser Verlag,第3版,1993,第6章。
就本发明而言,弹性聚氨酯泡沫为根据DIN 7726所述的聚氨酯泡沫,其中根据DIN53 577,这些弹性聚氨酯泡沫在短暂变形达到其厚度的50%后10分钟,其显示出不超过其初始厚度的2%的残余变形。该泡沫可为硬质聚氨酯泡沫、半硬质聚氨酯泡沫或柔性聚氨酯泡沫。
整体聚氨酯泡沫为根据DIN 7726所述的具有其中因成形过程使得密度高于芯密度的边缘区的聚氨酯泡沫。此处芯和边缘区平均的总密度优选为100g/L以上。就本发明而言,整体聚氨酯泡沫也可为硬质聚氨酯泡沫、半硬质聚氨酯泡沫或柔性聚氨酯泡沫。关于本发明的整体聚氨酯泡沫的其他细节参见“Kunststoffhandbuch,Band 7,Polyurethane”[Plastics handbook,第7卷,Polyurethanes],Carl Hanser Verlag,第3版,1993,第7章。
在本文中,聚氨酯通过下列方法获得:使异氰酸酯(a)与多元醇(b)、与本发明的含磷多元醇(c)和如果适合与发泡剂(d)、与催化剂(e)以及与其他助剂和添加剂(f)混合,从而得到反应混合物并使反应完成。
因此,本发明涉及一种制备聚氨酯的方法,包括使至少一种异氰酸酯(a)、至少一种多元醇(b)和至少一种如上公开的含磷多元醇或根据如上公开的方法可获得或获得的含磷多元醇进行反应。
用于制备本发明聚氨酯的多异氰酸酯组分(a)包括所有已知的用于制备聚氨酯的多异氰酸酯。这些多异氰酸酯包括现有技术中已知的脂族、脂环族和芳族二官能或多官能的异氰酸酯,以及其任何所需的混合物。实例为二苯基甲烷2,2”-二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷2,4”-二异氰酸酯和二苯基甲烷4,4”-二异氰酸酯、单体二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯的混合物和具有大量环的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯同系物(聚合物MDI)的混合物、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)和其低聚物、甲苯2,4-二异氰酸酯或甲苯2,6-二异氰酸酯(TDI)及其混合物、四亚甲基二异氰酸酯及其低聚物、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)及其低聚物、亚萘基二异氰酸酯(NDI),以及它们的混合物。
优选使用甲苯2,4-和/或2,6-二异氰酸酯(TDI)或其混合物、单体二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和/或具有大量环的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯同系物(聚合物MDI)及其混合物。其他可行的异氰酸酯例如记载于“Kunststoffhandbuch,Band 7,Polyurethane”[Plasticshandbook,第7卷,Polyurethanes],Carl Hanser Verlag,第3版,1993,第3.2和3.3.2章中。
多异氰酸酯组分(a)可以多异氰酸酯预聚物的形式使用。所述多异氰酸酯预聚物可通过使过量的上述多异氰酸酯(成分(a-1))与多元醇(成分(a-2))例如在30至100℃、优选约80℃的温度下反应以生成预聚物而获得。
多元醇(a-2)为本领域技术人员已知,并且记载于例如“Kunststoffhandbuch,7,Polyurethane”[Plastics handbook,第7卷,Polyurethanes],Carl Hanser Verlag,第3版,1993,第3.1章中。因此,例如,使用的多元醇也可包括下述(b)的多元醇。在本文的一个特别的实施方案中,多异氰酸酯预聚物也可包括本发明的含有至少一个含磷基团的含磷多元醇。
可使用的多元醇包括所有已知用于聚氨酯制备且具有至少两个反应性氢原子的化合物(b),实例为具有2至8的官能度且分子量为400至15000的那些。因此,例如可使用选自聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇及其混合物的多元醇。
例如,聚醚醇由环氧化物(例如环氧丙烷和/或环氧乙烷)或由四氢呋喃通过使用含有活性氢的起始化合物(例如脂族醇、酚类、胺类、羧酸类、水)或基于天然物质的化合物(例如蔗糖、山梨糖醇或甘露糖醇)并使用催化剂而制备。在本文中,可提及例如记载于PCT/EP2005/010124、EP 90444或WO 05/090440中的碱性催化剂或双金属氰化物催化剂。
例如,聚酯醇由脂族或芳族二羧酸和多官能醇类、由聚硫醚多元醇、由聚酯酰胺、由含有羟基基团的聚缩醛和/或由含有羟基基团的脂族含磷多元醇,优选在酯化催化剂的存在下制备。其他可行的多元醇例如示于“Kunststoffhandbuch,Band 7,Polyurethane”[Plastics handbook,第7卷,Polyurethanes],Carl Hanser Verlag,第3版,1993,第3.1章中。
多元醇(b)还包括扩链剂和交联剂。扩链剂和交联剂的摩尔质量为小于400g/mol,在本文中,用于具有两个对异氰酸酯呈反应性的氢原子的分子的术语为扩链剂,而用于具有大于两个对异氰酸酯呈反应性的氢的分子的术语为交联剂。在本文中,尽管可省略扩链剂或交联剂,但是加入扩链剂或交联剂或——如果适合——其混合物已证实具有改性机械特性如硬度的优势。
如果使用扩链剂和/或交联剂,则可使用已知用于制备聚氨酯的扩链剂和/或交联剂。这些扩链剂和/或交联剂优选为具有对异氰酸酯呈反应性的官能团的低分子量化合物,实例为甘油、三羟甲基丙烷、乙二醇和二胺。其他可行的低分子量扩链剂和/或交联剂例如示于“Kunststoffhandbuch,Band 7,Polyurethane”[Plastics handbook,第7卷,Polyurethanes],Carl Hanser Verlag,第3版,1993,第3.2和3.3.2章中。
本发明的含有至少一个含磷基团的含磷多元醇用作组分(c)。在本文中,对含有至少一个含磷基团的含磷多元醇(c)——以下也称为含磷多元醇(c)——的比例不进行限制,并且主要取决于要达到的阻燃性的程度。
此外,根据本发明,可调节含磷多元醇为用于制备聚氨酯的多元醇(b),例如通过选择合适的分子量。因此,例如可使所制备的聚氨酯获得改进的机械特性。根据本发明,还可使用两种以上不同的含磷多元醇的混合物。
在本文中,含磷多元醇的比例例如可从0.1至50重量%、优选1至40重量%,且特别优选2至30重量%变化,各自基于组分(a)至(e)的总重量计。在本文中,在成品聚氨酯中的磷含量优选为0.01至10重量%,特别优选0.05至5重量%,且特别为0.1至5重量%,各自基于聚氨酯的总重量计。
基于使用的多元醇的总量计,可调节使用的含磷多元醇的比例。例如,用于制备柔性泡沫的含磷多元醇的比例为1至30%,优选5至20%,基于多元醇的总量计。例如,用于制备硬质泡沫的含磷多元醇的比例为2至50%,优选10至40%,基于多元醇的总量计。
根据进一步的实施方案,本发明涉及一种制备如上公开的聚氨酯的方法,其中至少一种含磷多元醇的用量为所使用的全部多元醇总量的1至30%,或为所使用的全部多元醇总量的2至50%。
如果聚氨酯意欲采用聚氨酯泡沫的形式,则本发明的反应混合物优选还包含发泡剂(d)。在本文中,可使用任何已知用于制备聚氨酯的发泡剂。这些发泡剂可包括化学和/或物理发泡剂。这些发泡剂例如记载于“Kunststoffhandbuch,Band 7,Polyurethane”[Plastics handbook,第7卷,Polyurethanes],Carl Hanser Verlag,第3版,1993,第3.4.5章中。在本文中,术语化学发泡剂用于通过与异氰酸酯反应而形成气体产物的化合物。这些化学发泡剂的实例为水和羧酸类。在本文中,术语物理发泡剂用于在聚氨酯制备的原料中溶解或乳化并在聚氨酯形成的条件下挥发的化合物。例如,这些物理发泡剂为烃类、卤代烃类和其他化合物,例如全氟化烷烃(例如全氟己烷)、氟氯碳和醚类、酯类、酮类、缩醛类,和/或液态二氧化碳。在本文中,发泡剂的用量可为所需量。发泡剂的用量优选为这样的用量,使得所得聚氨酯泡沫的密度为10至1000g/L,特别优选为20至800g/L,且特别为25至200g/L。
使用的催化剂(e)可包括常用于聚氨酯制备的任何催化剂。这些催化剂例如记载于"Kunststoffhandbuch,Band 7,Polyurethane"[Plastics handbook,第7卷,Polyurethanes],Carl Hanser Verlag,第3版,1993,第3.4.1章中。在本文中,使用的那些催化剂的实例为有机金属化合物,优选有机锡化合物,例如有机羧酸的亚锡盐(例如乙酸亚锡、辛酸亚锡、乙基己酸亚锡和月桂酸亚锡)和有机羧酸的二烃基锡(IV)盐(例如二乙酸二丁基锡、二月桂酸二丁基锡、马来酸二丁基锡和二乙酸二辛基锡),以及羧酸铋(例如新十二酸铋(III)、2-乙基己酸铋和辛酸铋),或混合物。其他可行的催化剂为碱性胺催化剂。这些碱性胺催化剂的实例为:脒类(例如2,3-二甲基-3,4,5,6-四氢嘧啶)、叔胺类(例如三乙胺、三丁胺、二甲基苄胺、N-甲基-N-环己基吗啉和N-乙基-N-环己基吗啉、N,N,N',N'-四甲基乙二胺、N,N,N',N'-四甲基丁二胺、N,N,N',N'-四甲基己二胺、五甲基二亚乙基三胺、四甲基二氨基乙基醚、二(二甲基氨基丙基)脲、二甲基哌嗪、1,2-二甲基咪唑、1-氮杂-双环[3.3.0]辛烷和优选的1,4-二氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷)和烷醇胺化合物(例如三乙醇胺、三异丙醇胺、N-甲基-二乙醇胺、N-乙基-二乙醇胺和二甲基乙醇胺)。所述催化剂可单独使用或以混合物的形式使用。如果适合,使用的催化剂(e)包括金属催化剂和碱性胺催化剂的混合物。
特别地,如果使用较大过量的多异氰酸酯,则可使用的其他催化剂为:三(二烷基氨基烷基)-s-六氢三嗪,优选三(N,N-二甲基氨基丙基)-s-六氢三嗪、四烷基氢氧化铵(例如四甲基氢氧化铵)、碱金属氢氧化物(例如氢氧化钠)和碱金属醇化物(例如甲醇钠和异丙醇钾),以及羧酸类的碱金属盐或铵盐(例如甲酸钾或甲酸铵)或相应的乙酸酯或辛酸酯。
可使用的催化剂(e)的浓度的实例为0.001至5重量%,特别为0.05至2重量%,以催化剂或催化剂组合的形式,基于组分(b)的重量计。
还可使用助剂和/或添加剂(f)。在本文中,可使用任何已知用于制备聚氨酯的助剂和添加剂。例如,可提及表面活性物质、泡沫稳定剂、泡孔调节剂、脱模剂、填料、染料、颜料、阻燃剂、水解稳定剂和抑真菌和抑细菌物质。这些物质例如记载于“Kunststoffhandbuch,Band 7,Polyurethane”[Plastics handbook,第7卷,Polyurethanes],Carl Hanser Verlag,第3版,1993,第3.4.4和3.4.6至3.4.11章中。
当制备本发明的聚氨酯时,多异氰酸酯(a)、多元醇(b)、含磷多元醇(c)和——如果合适——发泡剂(d)的反应量通常为这样的量,使得多异氰酸酯(a)的NCO基团与组分(b)、(c)和——如果合适——(d)中反应性氢原子的总数的当量比为0.75至1.5:1,优选0.80至1.25:1。如果泡沫塑料包括至少一些异氰脲酸酯基团,则使用的多异氰酸酯(a)的NCO基团与组分(b)、(c)和——如果合适——(d)和(f)中反应性氢原子的总数的比值通常为1.5至20:1,优选1.5至8:1。在本文中,比值1:1相当于异氰酸酯指数100。
当本发明的待制备的聚氨酯为热塑性聚氨酯、柔性泡沫、半硬质泡沫、硬质泡沫或整体泡沫时,本发明的用于制备聚氨酯的具体原料(a)至(f)之间分别存在非常小的数量和质量差异。因此,例如,固体聚氨酯的制备不使用发泡剂,并且对于热塑性聚氨酯,使用的原料主要为严格地双官能的。例如,还可利用具有至少两个反应性氢原子的相对高分子量的化合物的官能度和链长,从而改变本发明聚氨酯的弹性和硬度。这类改性为本领域技术人员已知。
例如,用于制备固体聚氨酯的原料记载在EP 0989146或EP 1460094中,用于制备柔性泡沫的原料记载在PCT/EP2005/010124和EP 1529792中,用于制备半硬质泡沫的原料记载在“Kunststoffhandbuch,Band 7,Polyurethane”[Plastics handbook,第7卷,Polyurethanes],Carl Hanser Verlag,第3版,1993,第5.4章中,用于制备硬质泡沫的原料记载在PCT/EP2005/010955中,且用于制备整体泡沫的原料记载在EP 364854、美国专利号5,506,275或EP897402中。在每种情况下,之后也将含磷多元醇(c)加入所述文献记载的原料中。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中,含磷多元醇(c)具有羟基基团。在本文中,含磷多元醇(c)优选以这样的方式相对于官能度和羟值调适,使得对所得聚合物的机械特性仅有轻微损害,或优选地其中确实存在改进。同时,使加工特性的改变最小化。这类调适例如可这样实现,使得化合物(c)的羟值和官能度在用于聚氨酯制备的多元醇的羟值和官能度的范围内。
如果含磷多元醇(c)具有羟基基团,则柔性聚氨酯泡沫的制备优选使用这样的化合物作为含磷多元醇(c):其具有的羟值为2至200mg KOH/g,特别优选10至180mg KOH/g,且特别为20至100mg KOH/g,羟基官能度优选为2至4,特别优选2.1至3.8,且特别为2.5至3.5。
如果含磷多元醇(c)具有羟基基团,则硬质聚氨酯泡沫的制备优选使用这样的化合物作为含磷多元醇(c):其具有的羟值优选为2至800mg KOH/g,特别优选50至600mg KOH/g,且特别为100至400mg KOH/g,羟基官能度优选为2至8,特别优选2至6。
如果含磷多元醇(c)具有羟基基团,则热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)的制备优选使用这样的化合物作为含磷多元醇(c):其具有的羟值为2至600mg KOH/g,特别优选10至400mg KOH/g,且特别为20至200mg KOH/g,羟基官能度优选为1.8至2.2,特别优选2.9至2.1,且特别为2.0。
如果制备多异氰脲酸酯泡沫,当使用多异氰酸酯(a)的NCO基团与组分(b)、(c)和——如果合适——(d)和(f)中反应性氢原子的总数的比值为1.5至20:1时,则组分(c)的羟基官能度优选为2至3,羟值优选为20至800mg KOH/g,特别优选50至600mg KOH/g,且特别为100至400mg KOH/g。
然而,在所有情况下也可使用任何含磷多元醇(c)。
在本文中优选地,含有至少一个含磷基团的含磷多元醇(c)可溶于多元醇(b)中。在本文中“可溶的”意指在50℃下静置24h后,在比值为随后用于制备聚氨酯的相应量的多元醇组分(b)和组分(c)的混合物中,没有形成肉眼可见的第二相。在本文中,溶解度例如可通过使组分(c)或本发明的含磷多元醇分别地官能化而改进,例如通过使用环氧烷而官能化。
本发明还涉及如上公开的含磷多元醇或根据如上公开的方法可获得或获得的含磷多元醇作为阻燃剂的用途。此外,本发明涉及如上公开的含磷多元醇或根据如上公开的方法可获得或获得的含磷多元醇用于制备具有改进的阻燃特性的聚氨酯的用途。
本发明还涉及通过如上公开的制备聚氨酯的方法可获得或获得的聚氨酯。根据进一步的实施方案,本发明涉及如上公开的聚氨酯,其中所述聚氨酯为聚氨酯泡沫。
本发明包括以下实施方案,其中这些实施方案包括如其中定义的各自相互从属关系所示的实施方案的具体组合。
1.一种含磷多元醇,通过一种包括使至少一种多元醇与通式(I)的含磷化合物反应的方法可获得或获得:
其中,X表示Cl、Br、I、烷氧基或氢,
Y表示O或S,
t为0或1,
R1和R2独立地表示C1-C16-烷基、C2-C16-烯基、C2-C16-炔基、C1-C16-烷氧基、C2-C16-烯氧基、C2-C16-炔氧基、C3-C10-环烷基、C3-C10-环烷氧基、芳基、芳氧基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷氧基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳氧基。
2.根据实施方案1所述的含磷多元醇,其中所述磷以磷酸酯或次膦酸酯基团的形式存在。
3.根据实施方案1或2所述的含磷多元醇,其中所述含磷多元醇具有的羟基官能度为0至8。
4.根据实施方案1至3中任一项所述的含磷多元醇,其中所述含磷多元醇具有的磷含量为3至12重量%,基于含磷多元醇的总重量计。
5.根据实施方案1至4中任一项所述的含磷多元醇,其中所述含磷多元醇具有的分子量为100至700g/mol。
6.一种制备含磷多元醇的方法,包括使至少一种多元醇与通式(I)的含磷化合物反应:
其中,X表示Cl、Br、I、烷氧基或氢,
Y表示O或S,
t为0或1,
R1和R2独立地表示C1-C16-烷基、C2-C16-烯基、C2-C16-炔基、C1-C16-烷氧基、C2-C16-烯氧基、C2-C16-炔氧基、C3-C10-环烷基、C3-C10-环烷氧基、芳基、芳氧基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷氧基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳氧基。
7.根据实施方案6所述的方法,其中所述磷以磷酸酯或次膦酸酯基团的形式存在。
8.根据实施方案6或7所述的方法,其中所述含磷多元醇具有的羟基官能度为0至8。
9.根据实施方案6至8中任一项所述的方法,其中所述含磷多元醇具有的磷含量为3至12重量%,基于含磷多元醇的总重量计。
10.根据实施方案6至9中任一项所述的方法,其中所述含磷多元醇具有的分子量为100至700g/mol。
11.根据实施方案1至5中任一项所述的含磷多元醇或根据实施方案6至10中任一项所述的方法可获得或获得的含磷多元醇作为阻燃剂的用途。
12.根据实施方案1至5中任一项所述的含磷多元醇或根据实施方案6至10中任一项所述的方法可获得或获得的含磷多元醇用于制备具有改进的阻燃特性的聚氨酯的用途。
13.一种制备聚氨酯的方法,包括使至少一种异氰酸酯(a)、至少一种多元醇(b)和至少一种根据实施方案1至5中任一项所述的含磷多元醇或根据实施方案6至10中任一项所述的方法可获得或获得的含磷多元醇反应。
14.根据实施方案13所述的方法,其中所述至少一种含磷多元醇的用量为使用的所有多元醇总量的1至30%。
15.通过根据实施方案13或14中任一项所述的方法可获得或获得的聚氨酯。
16.根据实施方案15所述的聚氨酯,其中所述聚氨酯为聚氨酯泡沫。
使用以下实施例来阐述本发明。
实施例
1.含磷多元醇的合成
在6L小型反应器中,在惰性气氛(N2-惰性化)下将多元醇(甘油,乙氧基化(>1<6.5mol EO);787g,2.5mol)溶解在二氯甲烷(3L)和三乙胺(323g,3.2mol)中。在45分钟内加入氯磷酸二苯酯(839g,3.1mol)(剂量率:1119g/h)。在配量氯磷酸二苯酯过程中,使反应温度不超过33℃。在完成配量后,在回流条件下(内部温度:42℃)搅拌反应混合物,然后在室温下另外搅拌12h。
之后,随后分别用水(1×1.5L)、NaOH(1×1.0L,5%w/w)和水(2×1.0L)萃取该反应混合物。弃去水相。将所得有机相用MgSO4(1.5kg)干燥过夜,并用玻璃滤料(D3)过滤。用另外的二氯甲烷(0.5L)洗涤滤饼。合并水相,并在真空中通过蒸馏(最终条件:7mbar,80℃)定量除去二氯甲烷。
分离的产物为澄清的无色油(1087g)。
羟值:100mg KOH/g,根据DIN 53240;
酸值:<0.5mg KOH/g,根据DIN EN ISO 2114;
磷含量:7.4%(元素分析)。
2.聚氨酯的合成
2.1聚氨酯柔性泡沫的合成
如表1和表2所示,聚氨酯泡沫通过首先混合除金属催化剂和异氰酸酯外的所有组分而制备。然后如果适合,加入金属催化剂并同样通过搅拌加入。单独称出异氰酸酯,然后将其加入多元醇组分中。混合该混合物直到反应开始,然后将其倒入内衬塑料膜的金属盒中。每批次的总量各自为1800g。该泡沫过夜完成其反应,并被锯开分离以得到测试样品。
表1:
V1 | E1 | E2 | E3 | |
A-组分: | ||||
多元醇1 | 66.70 | 80 | 66.70 | 66.70 |
多元醇2 | 33.30 | 20 | 33.30 | 33.30 |
Tegostab B8681 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
Dabco 33LV | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 |
Niax A1 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
二乙醇胺(80%,在水中) | 1.49 | 1.49 | 1.49 | 0.75 |
Ortegol 204 | 1.50 | 1.50 | 1.50 | 0.75 |
Kosmos 29 | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.25 | 0.18 |
水 | 2.55 | 2.10 | 2.10 | 2.30 |
TCPP | 12.00 | |||
P-多元醇1 | 12.00 | |||
P-多元醇2 | 12.00 | |||
P-多元醇3 | 11.97 | |||
B-组分:TDI | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
指数: | 107 | 107 | 107 | 107 |
力学: | ||||
密度[g/l] | 35.5 | 34.2 | 36.1 | 32.6 |
CLD(40%)[kPa] | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 4 |
球回弹[%] | 54 | 52 | 55 | 44 |
CS 22h/70℃/50%[%] | 7 | 6.4 | 10.5 | 11.4 |
拉伸强度[kPa] | 100 | 86 | 98 | 121 |
断裂伸长率[%] | 109 | 109 | 96 | 140 |
抗撕裂性[N/mm] | 0.58 | 0.95 | 0.50 | 0.67 |
气体流量[dm3/s] | 0.838 | 0.786 | 0.799 | 0.761 |
California TB 117 | ||||
平均烧焦长度[mm] | 57 | 71 | 64 | 50 |
最大烧焦长度[mm] | 64 | 86 | 66 | 55 |
平均余焰[s] | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
最大余焰[s] | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
使用以下化合物:
多元醇1:基于甘油的聚氧亚丙基聚氧亚乙基多元醇;羟值:35mg KOH/g;官能度:2.7
多元醇2:基于苯乙烯-丙烯腈的接枝多元醇;固含量:45%;基于甘油的聚氧亚丙基氧亚乙基多元醇;羟值:20mg KOH/g;官能度:2.7
催化剂体系1:由金属催化剂和胺催化剂制备的标准催化剂体系
催化剂体系2:由甲酸部分地封端的胺催化剂
异氰酸酯1:甲苯2,4-二异氰酸酯和甲苯2,6-二异氰酸酯的混合物
P-多元醇1:氯磷酸二苯酯和多元醇3的缩合产物;羟值:8mg KOH/g;P含量:7.9%
P-多元醇2:氯磷酸二苯酯和多元醇4的缩合产物;羟值:137mg KOH/g;P含量:7.3%
P-多元醇3:氯磷酸二苯酯和多元醇4的缩合产物;羟值:112mg KOH/g;P含量:7.3%
TCPP:磷酸三(氯异丙基)酯,市售可得的含卤阻燃剂,P含量9.46%
多元醇3:丙氧基化甘油;羟值:400mg KOH/g
多元醇4:乙氧基化甘油;羟值:535mg KOH/g
使用以下方法确定特性:
密度(kg/m3):DIN EN ISO 845
抗压强度(kPa):DIN EN ISO 3386
回弹性(%):DIN EN ISO 8307
透气性(dm3/s):DIN EN ISO 7231
阻燃性:California TB 117A
California TB 117A是用于柔性PU泡沫的垂直小规模燃烧器测试。样品的几何尺寸为30.5×7.5×1.3cm。泡沫用3.8cm火焰点燃12s。
若满足以下条件,则测试通过:
(a)所有样品的最大平均燃烧长度为小于15cm
(b)每个单独样品的最大燃烧长度为小于20cm
(c)平均后燃烧时间为不大于5s
(d)每个样品各自的后燃烧时间为不大于10s
(e)平均后无焰燃烧时间为不大于15s
(f)该测试在于104℃下调理24h之前和之后进行。
如果对于所有样品都满足规范,或者如果1个样品不通过而其他5个通过,则测试通过。表1表明,本发明的无卤素柔性聚氨酯泡沫显示出非常好的阻燃性,与使用市售可得的具有相似或甚至更高磷含量的TCPP而制备的对照泡沫的阻燃性相比,其阻燃性相似或更好。
还发现泡沫的机械特性得到改进而非损害,即使存在本发明的阻燃剂。
2.2聚氨酯硬质泡沫的合成
聚氨酯硬质泡沫按照表2中的汇总制备。
使用以下配方:
-46.5份的基于对苯二甲酸和DEG的聚酯多元醇,羟值:243mg KOH/g
-25份的丙氧基化山梨糖醇,羟值:495mg KOH/g
-6份的聚乙二醇,羟值:190
-20份的阻燃剂
-2.5份的稳定剂Niax L-6635,购自Momentive公司
-0.7份的乙酸钾
-0.4-0.7份的Niax A1,购自Momentive公司
-1.3-1.6份的水
-7份的正戊烷
-Lupranat M 50,BASF公司的聚合MDI,其NCO含量为31.5%,该量得到190的NCO指数。
混合并搅拌多元醇、稳定剂、阻燃剂、催化剂和发泡剂。随后在搅拌下加入异氰酸酯,并使全部混合物发泡成聚氨酯硬质泡沫。通过调节催化剂的量,使各种情况下的固化时间为45秒。通过发泡剂的量将密度调节至恒定的45g/l。
表2
V2 | V3 | E4 | E5 | E6 | E7 | |
TCPP | 20 | |||||
DPK | 20 | |||||
P-多元醇1 | 20 | |||||
P-多元醇4 | 20 | |||||
P-多元醇2 | 20 | |||||
P-多元醇5 | 20 | |||||
水 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.4 |
Niax A1 | 0.60 | 0.65 | 0.70 | 0.50 | 0.40 | 0.55 |
螺栓:3min后的硬度(N) | 78 | 79 | - | - | - | 94 |
螺栓:4min后的硬度(N) | 111 | 107 | - | - | - | 128 |
螺栓:5min后的硬度(N) | 132 | 127 | - | - | - | 146 |
消粘时间(s) | 68 | 73 | 64 | 63 | 63 | 58 |
密度(g/L) | 45.2 | 44.3 | 44.2 | 44.8 | 44.8 | 45.1 |
抗压强度(N/mm2) | 0.21 | 0.22 | - | 0.28 | 0.24 | 0.23 |
弹性模量(N/mm2) | 4.9 | 5.7 | - | 7.7 | 7.7 | 6.3 |
通过燃烧测试 | 是 | 否 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 |
火焰高度(cm) | 13.7 | 17.0 | 15.0 | 13.0 | 14.3 | 14.8 |
使用以下阻燃剂:
P-多元醇4:氯磷酸二苯酯和多元醇4的缩合产物;羟值:127mg KOH/g;P含量:6.9%
P-多元醇5:氯磷酸二苯酯和多元醇4的缩合产物;羟值:75mg KOH/g;P含量:7.9%
DPK:磷酸甲苯基二苯酯
消粘时间:定义为开始搅拌到当用棒触碰泡沫时几乎不产生任何粘性效应的时间。消粘时间为聚合有效性的指标。
螺栓:在混合组分3分钟、4分钟和5分钟后,通过拉伸压缩疲劳试验装置,将具有半径为10mm的球形盖的钢螺栓压入形成的泡沫中10mm。完成该操作所需的最大力(N)为泡沫固化程度的指标。当在螺栓测试中泡沫的表面显示出可见的破碎区时,确定时间作为泡沫脆性的量度。破碎区出现得越早,泡沫的脆性越高。
根据EN ISO 11925-2进行燃烧测试。
根据DIN 53421/DIN EN ISO 604确定抗压强度和弹性模量。
表2的实施例表明,本发明的无卤素聚氨酯硬质泡沫表现出与含卤对比泡沫相似或相同的优异的防火保护。另外,获得改进的机械特性和降低的火焰高度。
2.3PIR硬质泡沫的合成
多异氰脲酸酯硬质泡沫按照表3中的汇总制备。
使用以下配方:
-65份的基于邻苯二甲酸酐和DEG的聚酯多元醇,羟值:215mg KOH/g
-8份的聚乙二醇,羟值:190mg KOH/g
-25份的阻燃剂
-2份的稳定剂Tegostab B 8462,购自Evonik公司
-0.7份的甲酸钾
-1.4-1.6份的Niax A1,购自Momentive公司
-1.5-1.7份的甲酸,85%
-9份的正戊烷
-购自BASF公司的Lupranat M 50作为聚合MDI,其NCO含量为31.5%,该量得到330的NCO指数。
混合并搅拌多元醇、稳定剂、阻燃剂、催化剂和发泡剂。随后在搅拌下加入异氰酸酯,并使全部混合物发泡成聚氨酯硬质泡沫。通过调节催化剂的量,使各种情况下的固化时间为45秒。通过发泡剂的量将密度调节至恒定的45g/l。
表3
V4 | V5 | E8 | E9 | |
TCPP | 20 | |||
TEP | 20 | |||
P-多元醇2 | 20 | |||
P-多元醇6 | 20 | |||
甲酸,85% | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.7 |
Niax A1 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.4 |
消粘时间(s) | 67 | 69 | 66 | 67 |
密度(g/L) | 45.4 | 44.7 | 44.2 | 44.8 |
3-点-弯曲强度(N/mm2) | 0.24 | - | 0.37 | 0.36 |
抗压强度(N/mm2) | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 0.28 |
通过BKZ5 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 |
BKZ5火焰高度(cm) | 7.0 | 8.3 | 7.8 | 7.3 |
使用以下阻燃剂:
P-多元醇6:氯磷酸二苯酯和多元醇4的缩合产物;羟值:123mg KOH/g;P含量:7.1%
TEP:磷酸三乙酯
BKZ5-测试:在根据瑞士规范BKZ/V进行的燃烧测试中,火焰高度用cm测量
弯曲强度:根据DIN 53423测定。在泡沫发展的方向上进行弯曲。
表3中的实施例表明,本发明的无卤素聚氨酯硬质泡沫表现出优异的防火保护,并兼具改进的抗压强度和弯曲强度。
Claims (12)
1.一种含磷多元醇,通过一种包括使至少一种多元醇与通式(I)的含磷化合物反应的方法可获得或获得:
其中,X表示Cl、Br、I、烷氧基或氢,
Y表示O或S,
t为0或1,
R1和R2独立地表示C1-C16-烷基、C2-C16-烯基、C2-C16-炔基、C1-C16-烷氧基、C2-C16-烯氧基、C2-C16-炔氧基、C3-C10-环烷基、C3-C10-环烷氧基、芳基、芳氧基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷氧基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳氧基,
其中所述含磷多元醇包括至少一个通式(II)的含磷基团:
其中
Y表示O或S,
t为0或1,
R1和R2独立地表示C1-C16-烷基、C2-C16-烯基、C2-C16-炔基、C1-C16-烷氧基、C2-C16-烯氧基、C2-C16-炔氧基、C3-C10-环烷基、C3-C10-环烷氧基、芳基、芳氧基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷氧基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳氧基,
其中所述多元醇选自聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇及其混合物,并且
其中所述含磷多元醇的磷含量至少为7重量%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含磷多元醇,其中所述磷以磷酸酯或次膦酸酯基团的形式存在。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的含磷多元醇,其中所述含磷多元醇具有的羟基官能度为0至8。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的含磷多元醇,其中所述含磷多元醇具有的磷含量为7至12重量%,基于含磷多元醇的总重量计。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的含磷多元醇,其中所述含磷多元醇具有的分子量为100至700g/mol。
6.一种制备含磷多元醇的方法,包括使至少一种多元醇与通式(I)的含磷化合物反应:
其中,X表示Cl、Br、I、烷氧基或氢,
Y表示O或S,
t为0或1,
R1和R2独立地表示C1-C16-烷基、C2-C16-烯基、C2-C16-炔基、C1-C16-烷氧基、C2-C16-烯氧基、C2-C16-炔氧基、C3-C10-环烷基、C3-C10-环烷氧基、芳基、芳氧基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷氧基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳氧基,
其中所述含磷多元醇包括至少一个通式(II)的含磷基团:
其中
Y表示O或S,
t为0或1,
R1和R2独立地表示C1-C16-烷基、C2-C16-烯基、C2-C16-炔基、C1-C16-烷氧基、C2-C16-烯氧基、C2-C16-炔氧基、C3-C10-环烷基、C3-C10-环烷氧基、芳基、芳氧基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷基、C6-C10-芳基-C1-C16-烷氧基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳基、C1-C16-烷基-C6-C10-芳氧基,
其中所述多元醇选自聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇及其混合物,并且
其中所述含磷多元醇的磷含量至少为7重量%。
7.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的含磷多元醇或根据权利要求6所述的方法可获得或获得的含磷多元醇作为阻燃剂的用途。
8.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的含磷多元醇或根据权利要求6所述的方法可获得或获得的含磷多元醇用于制备具有改进的阻燃特性的聚氨酯的用途。
9.一种制备聚氨酯的方法,包括使至少一种异氰酸酯、至少一种多元醇和至少一种根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的含磷多元醇或根据权利要求6所述的方法可获得或获得的含磷多元醇反应。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中所述至少一种含磷多元醇的用量为使用的所有多元醇总量的1至30%。
11.根据权利要求9或10任一项所述的方法可获得或获得的聚氨酯。
12.根据权利要求11所述的聚氨酯,其中所述聚氨酯为聚氨酯泡沫。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13163957 | 2013-04-16 | ||
EP13163957.7 | 2013-04-16 | ||
PCT/EP2014/057605 WO2014170316A1 (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2014-04-15 | Phosphorous containing flame retardants |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN105121449A CN105121449A (zh) | 2015-12-02 |
CN105121449B true CN105121449B (zh) | 2017-10-20 |
Family
ID=48139777
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201480021909.3A Active CN105121449B (zh) | 2013-04-16 | 2014-04-15 | 含磷阻燃剂 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11377517B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2986620B1 (zh) |
JP (3) | JP2016521269A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR102314456B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN105121449B (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2819373T3 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUE051636T2 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL2986620T3 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT2986620T (zh) |
RS (1) | RS60856B1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2014170316A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3204438B1 (en) * | 2014-10-07 | 2019-10-02 | Shell International Research Maatschappij B.V. | Improvements relating to polyurethanes |
EP3532522A4 (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2020-07-01 | Elé Corporation | LOW VISCOSITY PHOSPHATE-POLYOLS |
KR102577420B1 (ko) * | 2017-01-25 | 2023-09-12 | 바스프 에스이 | 저온 연질 폴리우레탄 배합물 |
EP3783042A1 (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2021-02-24 | ICL-IP America Inc. | Rigid polyurethane foam containing reactive flame retardant |
US10421910B2 (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2019-09-24 | International Business Machines Corporation | Sorbitol, glucaric acid, and gluconic acid based flame-retardants |
JP7173680B2 (ja) * | 2017-09-21 | 2022-11-16 | アイシーエル‐アイピー・アメリカ・インコーポレイテッド | 軟質ポリウレタンフォーム用の反応性難燃剤混合物 |
US10611897B2 (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2020-04-07 | International Business Machines Corporation | Arabitol and xylitol based flame retardants |
CN109749044B (zh) * | 2018-11-29 | 2021-05-21 | 四川大学 | 含磷多元醇和由其制备的阻燃抗静电聚氨酯弹性体及它们的制备方法 |
CN112442161A (zh) * | 2019-08-28 | 2021-03-05 | 广东广山新材料股份有限公司 | 一种反应型阻燃剂及其制备方法和应用 |
EP4165053B1 (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2024-09-25 | ICL-IP America Inc. | Reactive flame retardants for flexible polyurethane foams |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3321555A (en) * | 1961-09-12 | 1967-05-23 | Fmc Corp | Phosphorylated polyester polyols |
CN1882629A (zh) * | 2003-11-21 | 2006-12-20 | 雅宝公司 | 阻燃剂、添加剂组合物、和阻燃性聚氨酯 |
JP2011079950A (ja) * | 2009-10-07 | 2011-04-21 | Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd | 難燃性樹脂組成物 |
Family Cites Families (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1059507A (en) * | 1965-01-20 | 1967-02-22 | Shell Int Research | Improvements in or relating to polyurethanes |
JPS5411294B2 (zh) * | 1972-04-25 | 1979-05-14 | ||
JPS5217073B2 (zh) * | 1972-04-25 | 1977-05-13 | ||
JPS5212759B2 (zh) * | 1972-04-25 | 1977-04-09 | ||
JPS5217074B2 (zh) * | 1972-04-25 | 1977-05-13 | ||
JPS5039472B2 (zh) * | 1972-04-25 | 1975-12-17 | ||
US3821263A (en) * | 1972-09-27 | 1974-06-28 | Swift & Co | Flame retardant halogen and phosphorus containing polyols |
US4450280A (en) * | 1982-03-04 | 1984-05-22 | The Dow Chemical Company | Phosphorous-containing polyether polyols |
AU551979B2 (en) | 1982-03-31 | 1986-05-15 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Epoxy polymerisation catalysts |
DE3835193A1 (de) | 1988-10-15 | 1990-04-19 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von formkoerpern mit einer verdichteten randzone und einem zelligen kern, vorzugsweise schuhsohlen |
DE4113157A1 (de) | 1990-09-06 | 1992-03-12 | Bayer Ag | Hochverzweigte polyphosphonate auf melamin-basis |
US5506275A (en) | 1995-05-15 | 1996-04-09 | Basf Corporation | 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane as a blowing agent in integral skin polyurethane shoe soles |
DE19618392A1 (de) | 1996-05-08 | 1997-11-13 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von elastischen Polyurethan-Formkörpern mit kompakter Oberfläche und zelligem Kern |
JP3356962B2 (ja) * | 1997-04-25 | 2002-12-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 緩衝用包装材 |
JPH11241070A (ja) * | 1998-02-25 | 1999-09-07 | Daihachi Chemical Industry Co Ltd | 難燃剤および難燃性樹脂組成物 |
JP4147637B2 (ja) | 1998-09-21 | 2008-09-10 | 東ソー株式会社 | ポリウレタン製造用の触媒 |
FR2840622B1 (fr) | 2002-06-11 | 2004-07-23 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Composition pour le traitement des articles en fibres textiles comprenant un polymere dendritique |
FR2851565B1 (fr) | 2003-02-26 | 2005-04-01 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dendrimeres phosphores, leur procede de preparation et leur utilisation pour l'extraction des actinides et des lanthanides |
US7001864B2 (en) | 2003-03-18 | 2006-02-21 | Tosoh Corporation | Catalyst composition for production of a polyurethane resin, and method for producing a polyurethane resin |
DE10352876A1 (de) | 2003-11-10 | 2005-06-23 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyurethan-Weichschaumstoffen |
FR2862651B1 (fr) | 2003-11-24 | 2006-03-31 | Rhodia Cons Spec Ltd | Nouveaux dendrimeres a terminaisons bisphosphoniques et derives, leur procede de preparation et leur utilisation |
DE102004013408A1 (de) | 2004-03-18 | 2005-10-06 | Basf Ag | Polyetheralkohole und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyetheralkoholen zur Polyurethansynthese |
DE102004047524A1 (de) | 2004-09-28 | 2006-03-30 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyurethan-Weichschaumstoffen |
DE102004051102A1 (de) | 2004-10-19 | 2006-04-27 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyurethan-Hartschaumstoffen |
WO2007066383A1 (ja) | 2005-12-06 | 2007-06-14 | Toyo Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha | リン含有ハイパーブランチポリマーおよび難燃性樹脂組成物 |
US20070149632A1 (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-06-28 | Haider Karl W | Short chain polyethers for rigid polyurethane foams |
DE112009001745A5 (de) * | 2008-07-30 | 2011-07-28 | Basf Se, 67063 | Verfahren zur herstellung polyurethanbasierter tennisbälle |
US8198341B2 (en) | 2008-12-18 | 2012-06-12 | Icl-Ip America Inc. | Method of making hydroxymethylphosphonate, polyurethane foam-forming compositions, polyurethane foam and articles made therefrom |
US20120010312A1 (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2012-01-12 | Basf Se | Polymeric flame retardant |
EP2395039A1 (de) * | 2010-05-21 | 2011-12-14 | Basf Se | Polymeres Flammschutzmittel |
BR112013022385A2 (pt) * | 2011-03-23 | 2016-12-06 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | retardante de chama contendo fósforo, método para preparar um retardante de chama contendo fósforo e produto de poliuretano |
-
2014
- 2014-04-15 PT PT147177752T patent/PT2986620T/pt unknown
- 2014-04-15 PL PL14717775T patent/PL2986620T3/pl unknown
- 2014-04-15 WO PCT/EP2014/057605 patent/WO2014170316A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-04-15 JP JP2016508132A patent/JP2016521269A/ja active Pending
- 2014-04-15 EP EP14717775.2A patent/EP2986620B1/en active Active
- 2014-04-15 US US14/785,095 patent/US11377517B2/en active Active
- 2014-04-15 RS RS20201125A patent/RS60856B1/sr unknown
- 2014-04-15 CN CN201480021909.3A patent/CN105121449B/zh active Active
- 2014-04-15 ES ES14717775T patent/ES2819373T3/es active Active
- 2014-04-15 HU HUE14717775A patent/HUE051636T2/hu unknown
- 2014-04-15 KR KR1020157032472A patent/KR102314456B1/ko active IP Right Grant
-
2019
- 2019-01-08 JP JP2019000978A patent/JP2019090032A/ja active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-11-30 JP JP2020198645A patent/JP2021059729A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3321555A (en) * | 1961-09-12 | 1967-05-23 | Fmc Corp | Phosphorylated polyester polyols |
US3355436A (en) * | 1961-09-12 | 1967-11-28 | Fmc Corp | Novel phosphorylated polyols and polyurethanes produced therefrom |
CN1882629A (zh) * | 2003-11-21 | 2006-12-20 | 雅宝公司 | 阻燃剂、添加剂组合物、和阻燃性聚氨酯 |
JP2011079950A (ja) * | 2009-10-07 | 2011-04-21 | Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd | 難燃性樹脂組成物 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HUE051636T2 (hu) | 2021-03-01 |
US11377517B2 (en) | 2022-07-05 |
WO2014170316A1 (en) | 2014-10-23 |
KR102314456B1 (ko) | 2021-10-19 |
EP2986620A1 (en) | 2016-02-24 |
ES2819373T3 (es) | 2021-04-15 |
KR20150143697A (ko) | 2015-12-23 |
PL2986620T3 (pl) | 2020-11-30 |
JP2019090032A (ja) | 2019-06-13 |
RS60856B1 (sr) | 2020-10-30 |
US20160083500A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 |
CN105121449A (zh) | 2015-12-02 |
JP2016521269A (ja) | 2016-07-21 |
EP2986620B1 (en) | 2020-06-24 |
PT2986620T (pt) | 2020-08-31 |
JP2021059729A (ja) | 2021-04-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN105121449B (zh) | 含磷阻燃剂 | |
CA2821152C (en) | Halogen-free poly(alkylene phosphates) | |
CN102159613B (zh) | 芳族聚酯、包含其的多元醇共混物以及由该共混物得到的产品 | |
RU2572890C2 (ru) | Композиция, пригодная для получения пригодных для горячего склеивания полиуретановых систем, ее применение для изготовления ламинированных структур и полиуретановая система на основе композиции | |
CN103534263B (zh) | 用于聚氨酯泡沫体的含磷阻燃剂 | |
CN105452266B (zh) | 反应性阻燃剂 | |
CN108350138B (zh) | 聚氨酯和聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫用的反应性阻燃剂 | |
US20200407500A1 (en) | Flame retardant soft ether foams | |
KR101859184B1 (ko) | 난연성 폴리올 및 이의 제조방법과, 상기 난연성 폴리올을 포함하여 제조되는 폴리우레탄 | |
KR102004009B1 (ko) | 인 기재 다중첨가/폴리우레탄-우레아 폴리올 | |
CN110945047A (zh) | 柔性聚氨酯泡沫用的反应性阻燃剂 | |
CA2799344A1 (en) | Polymeric flameproofing agent | |
JP6635944B2 (ja) | 難燃性樹脂組成物 | |
CN102336888B (zh) | 热固性聚氨酯树脂组合物及其聚氨酯弹性体成型品 | |
CN103619904A (zh) | 用于改进聚异氰脲酸酯刚性泡沫体的原始强度的多元醇制剂 | |
CN103443186A (zh) | 用于聚氨酯泡沫体的含磷阻燃剂 | |
KR20230117741A (ko) | 폴리우레탄 발포체의 제조 | |
JP2020526646A (ja) | ハロゲン非含有難燃剤を含む軟質フォーム | |
JPS6314724B2 (zh) | ||
CN105829378B (zh) | 制造阻燃聚氨酯泡沫的方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |