CN105078585A - 远程操纵装置 - Google Patents

远程操纵装置 Download PDF

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CN105078585A
CN105078585A CN201510621269.6A CN201510621269A CN105078585A CN 105078585 A CN105078585 A CN 105078585A CN 201510621269 A CN201510621269 A CN 201510621269A CN 105078585 A CN105078585 A CN 105078585A
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medical treatment
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CN105078585B (zh
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B·L·基德
N·卡斯特莱因
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Stereotaxis Inc
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/0105Steering means as part of the catheter or advancing means; Markers for positioning
    • A61M25/0133Tip steering devices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/30Surgical robots
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    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/30Surgical robots
    • A61B34/35Surgical robots for telesurgery
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/70Manipulators specially adapted for use in surgery
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/0105Steering means as part of the catheter or advancing means; Markers for positioning
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/0105Steering means as part of the catheter or advancing means; Markers for positioning
    • A61M25/0113Mechanical advancing means, e.g. catheter dispensers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J13/00Controls for manipulators
    • B25J13/06Control stands, e.g. consoles, switchboards
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/30Surgical robots
    • A61B2034/301Surgical robots for introducing or steering flexible instruments inserted into the body, e.g. catheters or endoscopes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/30Surgical robots
    • A61B2034/302Surgical robots specifically adapted for manipulations within body cavities, e.g. within abdominal or thoracic cavities
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/0105Steering means as part of the catheter or advancing means; Markers for positioning
    • A61M25/0133Tip steering devices
    • A61M25/0136Handles therefor

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Abstract

一种用于操作导管的系统,所述导管具有适于在身体内导航的远端和具有手柄的近端,所述手柄带有用于作用在装置远端上的可平移控制器和可转动控制器,该系统包括用于接收并接合导管的手柄的支撑件;平移机构,该平移机构用于推进和收回支撑件以推进和收回其手柄接收在支撑件中的导管;转动机构,该转动机构用于使支撑件转动以使其手柄接收在支撑件中的导管转动;平移操纵器,该平移操纵器用于接合其手柄接收在支撑件中的导管的可平移控制器并且操作该可平移控制器,以作用在该装置的远端上;以及转动操纵器,该转动操纵器用于接合其手柄手柄接收在支撑件中的导管的可转动控制器并且操作该可转动控制器,以作用在该装置的远端上。

Description

远程操纵装置
本分案申请是基于中国发明专利申请号201180063950.3(国际申请号PCT/US2011/061835)、发明名称“远程操纵装置”、申请日2011年11月22日的专利申请的分案申请。
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2010年11月25日申请的美国专利申请号12/954,648的优先权。其全文通过引用在此并入。
背景技术
该部分提供了与本发明相关的背景信息,其不必然是现有技术。
本发明涉及医疗装置的自动化操作。
医疗装置在身体中的自动导航已经取得了显著的进步。远程导航系统,比如密苏里州圣路易斯Stereotaxis公司的磁导航系统,允许医生远程地使身体中的医疗装置的远端进行取向。最近,还能获得用于在身体中推进和收回该装置的自动推进器,从而实现更全面的自动导管导航系统。然而,还不能获得医疗装置的完全自动化(在医生的监督下)操作(由此能将医疗装置自动导航到特定位置,然后被操作以执行某种诊断和治疗程序)的实践装置。这在传统手动操作医疗装置的自动化操作方面是特别真实的。
发明内容
该部分提供了对本发明的总体概述,对其所有范围或者其所有特征不是全面的公开。
本发明的实施方式提供了一种远程操纵器,其不仅能操纵传统导管,而且能操作其控制器。这不仅允许远程地对导管进行导航,而且远程地操作导管。这允许医生在不需要人的介入的情况下利用对导管进行导航和操作该导管的计算机远离病人执行该过程,并且还允许该过程的完全自动化。
另外的应用范围将从这里提供的描述中变得显而易见。在概述中的该描述和特殊示例的目的仅用于解释的目的并且不希望限制本发明的范围。
附图说明
这里描述的附图仅是用于解释被选定的实施方式而不是所有可能的实施方式的目的,并且不希望限制本发明的范围。
图1是根据本发明原理的远程操纵装置的优选实施方式的前透视图;
图2是远程操纵装置的优选实施方式的后透视图,为了清楚起见移除了驱动电缆;
图3是远程操纵装置的优选实施方式的俯视图,为了清楚起见移除了驱动电缆;
图4是远程操纵装置的优选实施方式的后视图,为了清楚起见移除了驱动电缆;
图5是远程操纵装置的优选实施方式的左侧视图,为了清楚起见移除了驱动电缆;
图6是远程操纵装置的优选实施方式的分解视图;
图7是远程操纵装置的优选实施方式的前透视图,为了清楚起见移除了装置驱动器;
图8是远程操纵装置的优选实施方式的后透视图,为了清楚起见移除了装置驱动器;
图9是远程操纵装置的优选实施方式的左侧视图,为了清楚起见移除了装置驱动器;
图10是远程操纵装置的优选实施方式的俯视图,为了清楚起见移除了装置驱动器;
图11是远程操纵装置的优选实施方式的前视图,为了清楚起见移除了装置驱动器;
图12是优选实施方式的后透视图,为了清楚起见从控制器上移除了盖;
图13是优选实施方式的装置驱动器的透视图;
图14是优选实施方式的装置驱动器的侧视图;
图15是优选实施方式的装置驱动器的前端视图;
图16是优选实施方式的装置驱动器的后端视图;
图17是优选实施方式的装置驱动器的俯视图;
图18是装置驱动器主体的透视图,其中上下构件分开以示出结构细节;
图19是装置驱动器主体的透视图,其中移除了上构件以示出结构细节;
图20是装置驱动器主体的分解透视图,其中移除了上构件;
图21是装置驱动器主体的分解透视图,其中移除了一些部件以示出结构细节;
图22是优选实施方式的装置接口部件的透视图;
图23是优选实施方式的装置接口部件的俯视图;
图24是优选实施方式的装置接口部件的侧视图;
图25是优选实施方式的装置接口部件的仰视图;
图26是优选实施方式的装置接口部件的分解透视图;
图27是用在优选实施方式的装置接口部件中的其中一个夹紧件的透视图;
图28是夹紧件的后视图;
图29是夹紧件的前视图;
图30是夹紧件的俯视图;
图31是夹紧件的侧视图,示出了底部与盖之间的铰接连接部;
图32是夹紧件的分解透视图;
图33是用在夹紧件中的开口环适配器的透视图;
图34是开口环适配器的前视图;
图35是开口环适配器的侧视图;
图36是开口环适配器的分解透视图;
图37是示出了安装在床上的支撑件的透视图;
图38是示出了将支架和控制器安装在支撑件的基板上的透视图;
图39是伸缩导管支撑件的近端的透视图;
图40A是医疗装置放置在夹紧件中的透视图;
图40B是夹紧件的盖在放置在夹紧件中的医疗装置上闭合的透视图;
图40C是夹紧件的盖被锁定以紧固放置在夹紧件中的医疗装置的透视图;
图41是远程操纵装置的优选实施方式的替代性配置的透视图,其适于使护套转动并推进医疗装置通过转动的护套;
图42是图41的替代性配置的透视图,其中夹紧件打开以示出与护套的接合;
图43是图41中示出的优选实施方式的替代性配置的转动和推进机构的透视图;
图44是优选实施方式的远程操纵器的替代性配置的透视图,其用于转动、操作和推进可操纵的护套并且用于在可操纵的护套的腔中推进和收回细长医疗装置;
图45是优选实施方式的远程操纵器的替代性配置的透视图,其用于转动和推进护套并且用于在护套的腔中操作和推进细长医疗装置;
图46是优选实施方式的远程操纵器的替代性配置的透视图,其用于转动、操作和推进可操纵的护套,并且用于在可操纵的护套的腔中操作和推进细长医疗装置;以及
图47是图46的远程操纵器的替代性配置的侧视图。
相应的附图标记表示附图的多个视图中的相应的部件。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图更全面地描述示例性实施方式。
根据本发明原理构造的远程操纵装置的一个优选实施方式在图1-5中总体表示为50。该远程操纵器50适于接合并操作医疗装置。该医疗装置例如可以是包括细长护套的类型的电生理导管,该导管在其近端处具有手柄,电生理线延伸穿过护套并且从远端出来,形成环。手柄优选地具有用于操纵线远端的控制器,例如用于使远端弯曲的可平移控制器和用于使环扩张和收缩的可转动控制器。虽然该优选实施方式是相对于电生理导管描述的,但是本发明并不限制于电生理导管,而是应用到具有细长部和在近端处具有手柄的任何医疗装置,手柄能被操纵成定位和操作该医疗装置的细长部的远端。
如图1-5中所示,该远程操纵器50包括用于安装和操作装置接口部件54(图1-5中未示出)的装置驱动器52,该装置接口部件在该优选实施方式中是可替换的和一次性的。该装置驱动器52安装在铰接臂56的远端上,其近端安装在支架60上的柱状件58上。能安装在支架60上的控制器62通过多根柔性电缆64连接到装置驱动器52以操作装置驱动器52。可附连到病床(图1-5中未示出)的平台66能安装支架60和/或控制器62。
如图6-11中所示,铰接臂56包括近端部70和远端部72。近端部70在其近端处具有卡圈74,以用于将该近端部70安装在柱状件58上。该近端部70能上下平移,并且能围绕柱状件58转动。锁定螺钉76允许卡圈,从而也允许近端部70相对于柱状件58可释放地锁定。近端部70的远端可枢转地连接到远端部72的近端。能设置锁部件(未示出)以将近端部和远端部相对于彼此可释放地锁定。第一肘节元件78可枢转地安装到远端部72的远端,以围绕大体垂直于远端部的纵轴线的第一轴线枢转。第二肘节元件80可枢转地安装到第一肘节元件以围绕大体垂直于第一轴线的第二轴线枢转。支承板82可转动地安装到第二肘节元件80以围绕垂直于第一轴线的第三轴线转动。围绕第一和第二轴线枢转的肘节和围绕第三轴线转动的支承板选择性地可释放地锁定,以将具有装置驱动器52的处于期望结构的铰接臂紧固在期望位置上。
还如图6-11中所示,支架60具有在其上的手环90和92。具有增大的圆锥头的销94和96从支架60的前面凸出。在支架60的底部中存在半圆形凹口98。
还如图6-11中所示,平台66包括底板100和大体直角三角形的框架102,框架包括从底板100延伸的支腿104和106以及在支腿104和106之间延伸的支腿108。大体L形的支架110从框架102的支腿104伸缩。夹板112和114用螺栓120和122安装在底板100中的狭槽116和118中,螺栓120和122具有滚花头,使夹板能够拉紧抵靠通常在病床上设置的侧轨上。类似地,夹板124用螺栓128安装在L形支架110的端部中的狭槽126中,螺栓128具有滚花头,使夹板能够拉紧抵靠病床的侧轨。底板100的顶边缘具有半圆形凹口130和132以用于接合支架上的销94和96,底板的背面具有凸出销用于接合支架60中的半圆形凹口98的突出的销134。支架60上的螺栓136能被拧紧以接合底板100上的狭槽138从而紧固支架和底板100。
控制器62能附连到支架60并且安装在平台66上。如图12中所示,控制器包括具有四个驱动器的壳体140:用于操作装置驱动器52上的第一夹紧件驱动器的驱动器142;用于操作装置驱动器上的第二夹紧件平移驱动器的驱动器144;用于操作装置驱动器上第二夹紧件驱动器的驱动器146;和用于操作装置驱动器上用于使装置平移的平移驱动器的驱动器148,如下面更详细描述的。柔性驱动电缆64将控制器中的每个驱动器与装置驱动器52中与其相应的驱动器相连接。
如图13-21中所示,装置驱动器52包括底部160,该底部160具有用于将装置驱动器连接到铰接臂56的端部上的支承板82的安装件162。能在底部160的与安装件162相对的侧面上设置手环164以用于抓住该装置驱动器52从而将其重新定位。大体V形的支架166从底部160的前面凸出,支架的端部向上弯曲并且具有安装在其上的固定装置168以用于安装护套,如下面更详细描述的。装置驱动器52还包括安装在底部160上的主体170以相对于底部向前和向后平移。
主体170的顶表面具有用于在其上安装装置接口部件54的平台172。如下面描述的,该装置接口部件54具有一个或多个夹紧件174(图13-31中未示出)以用于接合并操作细长医疗装置的手柄。平台172具有:第一对安装座部件176和178以用于接合装置接口部件54上的夹紧件174,和用于接收并接合夹紧件的驱动轴的驱动座部件180以操作夹紧件。在该优选实施方式中,平台172还具有第二对安装座部件182和184以用于接合装置接口部件54上的第二夹紧件174,和用于接收并接合第二夹紧件的驱动轴的驱动座部件186以操作第二夹紧件。该第二对座部件182和184以及驱动座部件186布置在狭槽中以便它们能相对于第一组座部件176和178平移,从而适应装置接口部件54上的夹紧件174之间的相对运动,如下面将更详细描述的。在平台172上存在电接触垫194以用于与装置接口部件54上的相应的电接触垫196形成电接触。
如图18中详细示出的,主体170包括上壳体构件200和下壳体构件202。平台172形成在上壳体构件200的顶部中,并且包括凸起的平台区域204以及接触垫194,该区域204具有用于座部件176和178和182和184的开口。如图19中所示,在下壳体构件202中,柔性驱动电缆64A的远端将驱动器142连接到传动装置206以用于使座部件180转动以操作位于平台172上的装置接口部件54上的第一夹紧件174。电缆64B的远端将驱动器144连接到螺旋驱动的平移机构208以用于使第二对座部件182和184相对于第一对座部件176和178平移。电缆64C的远端将驱动器146连接到传动装置210以用于使座部件186转动从而操作装置接口部件54上的第二夹紧件174。最后,柔性驱动电缆64D将驱动器148连接到螺旋平移机构212(图21)以用于使主体170相对于底部160移动。
如图22-26中所示,装置接口部件54包括托盘220,该托盘适于安装到凸起平台204上,从而在装置驱动器52上形成平台172。托盘220具有大体矩形的形状,但是优选地具有弧形侧或者防止托盘错误地安装在装置驱动器52上的其他特征。在托盘220的任一端上存在手柄222和224以便有助于操纵该托盘。一个或多个夹紧件174安装在托盘220上。在该优选实施方式中,存在两个夹紧件,相对于托盘220固定地安装的第一夹紧件174A和相对于托盘220可滑动地安装的第二夹紧件174B。如下面更详细描述的,每个夹紧件具有两个悬置销226和228,以及悬置驱动花键230。托盘220具有用于接收夹紧件174A的销226和228的一对孔232和234以及用于接收驱动花键230的孔236。两个安装孔238和240允许夹紧件174A利用螺钉242和垫圈244被紧固到托盘。托盘220还具有一对用于接收夹紧件174B的销226和228的狭槽246和248以及用于接收驱动花键230的狭槽250。两个安装狭槽252和254允许夹紧件174B利用螺钉242和垫圈244被紧固到托盘。狭槽246,248,250以及252和254允许夹紧件在托盘220上平移。接触板192紧固在托盘的底部上,以用于实现与装置驱动器52上的接触垫194的电接触。
如图27-36中所示,每个夹紧件174包括承载销226和228以及驱动花键230的底部260。该底部260具有半圆形凹口262。大体弧形的盖264在其中具有半圆形凹口266,盖264的一端铰接地附连到底部260,以在打开位置与关闭位置之间枢转,其中底部260中的半圆形凹口262和盖264中的半圆形凹口266形成经过夹紧件的大体圆形的开口268。偏心闩锁270可释放地将盖264的另一端紧固到底部260以将盖保持处于关闭的结构中。
如在图32中最佳示出的,蜗轮280安装在花键230的端部上以与花键一起转动。该蜗轮接合小齿轮282,以便在花键230转动时小齿轮转动。
开口适配环290包括第一和第二大体半圆形的半体部件292和294,并且在一侧上具有铰接连接部296以在打开位置与关闭位置之间枢转,在关闭位置半体部件292和294形成环。半体部件292和294的另一端可释放地例如与卡扣闩锁298连接以形成具有中心开口300的环。开口适配环290能围绕传统的手动操作的医疗装置的手柄的一部分被紧固。该开口适配环290具有相连的齿圈302并且适于安装在夹紧件174B内部,其中齿圈302与小齿轮282接合。每个半体部件292和294的内部能特别适于接收特定医疗装置的手柄,或者各种插入件(例如图36中示出的插入件304和306)能用于适应标准半体部件以适合不同的医疗装置。
图41-43中示出了表示为50′的远程操纵装置的优选实施方式的替代性配置。该远程操纵器50′在结构和配置上类似于远程操纵器50,并且相应的部件用相应的附图标记表示。然而相反的是在医疗装置的近端处接合手柄,该远程操纵器50′适于接合并转动护套402,并且在护套的腔内接合并推进和收回细长柔性医疗装置404。
远程操纵器50′是特别的,远程操纵器50的夹紧件174A适于接合并转动围绕医疗装置404近端部的护套402。远程操纵器50的夹紧件174B已经用装置驱动器406取代,该装置驱动器406接合并推进从护套402的近端延伸的医疗装置404的近端部。因此夹紧件174A能使护套402转动,其远端可具有成形的配置,比如弯曲或扭曲,以便当医疗装置404的远端从护套的远端出来时对医疗装置的远端进行定向。装置推进器406接合医疗装置的近端并且能使穿过护套402的腔的医疗装置推进和收回。
该装置推进器406在结构上可类似于通过引用而在此被并入的美国专利号7,635,342中公开的装置推进器30。与美国专利号7,632,342的装置30一样,该装置推进器406优选地是顶部加载的,从而允许在其近端与远端中间的任何点处将医疗装置404引入该推进器中和从该推进器移除。然而,不像美国专利号7,632,342的装置推进器,该装置推进器406适于安装在平台172上并且接合装置驱动器52并由装置驱动器52驱动。如图43中所示,该推进器具有尤其适于安装在平台172上并由平台172驱动的底部。
该医疗装置404可在其近端处具有手柄,该手柄能被手动地操纵以操作该装置。该远程操纵器50′操作成使护套402转动以及使穿过护套402的腔的医疗装置404推进和收回,该装置404另外能经由其手柄被手动地操作。然而为了完全能够实现远程操作,能期望操作接合医疗装置的手柄并且也能对其进行远程操作的远程操纵器50和远程操纵器50′。
如图42中所示,护套402的近端具有滚花端部410或者其他结构以确保其能接合在夹紧件174A内并被转动。在该优选实施方式中,护套402包括连接到滚花端部410的相对具有刚性的近端部412和利用配合的连接器元件416和418能连接到近端部的相对更柔性的远端部414。远端部414的远端能具有弯曲、扭曲或在医疗装置的远端从护套402的远端出来时有助于对医疗装置404的远端进行定向的其他结构。如图42中所示,夹紧件420能接合护套的近端部并支撑杆422,杆422支撑支架424,支架424支撑远端部414的近端以减小护套的不理想的弯曲和折曲。
图44中示出了该优选实施方式的远程操纵器的另一个替代性配置,其布置成用于转动、操作和推进可操纵的护套以及用于在可操纵的护套的腔中推进和收回细长医疗装置。该远程操纵器50接合可远程操纵的护套452的手柄450。该远程操纵器50能转动、推进和收回护套452并且操作在手柄450上的控制器以使护套的远端弯曲或转动。能设置单独的推进器454以使穿过护套452的腔医疗装置456推进和收回。因此,可操纵的护套452能被转动、推进和收回以及被操作,医疗装置能穿过可操纵护套的腔被远程地推进和收回。
图45中示出了该优选实施方式的远程操纵器的另一个替代性布置,其布置成用于转动和推进护套并且用于在护套的腔内操作并推进和收回医疗装置。该远程操纵器50接合可远程操纵的医疗装置462的近端上的手柄460。该远程操纵器50能推进和收回该医疗装置,并且操作手柄460上的控制器以使该医疗装置462的远端弯曲或以其他方式进行其他操作。例如,在套索导管的情况下,控制器的操作能使套索偏转,并使套索的环扩大和收缩。细长医疗装置的远端延伸穿过护套464的腔。护套464的近端接合在第二远程操纵器50″的前夹紧件174A中,该第二远程操纵器50″能与操纵器50相同,除了已经移除了不必要的第二夹紧件174B之外。护套464的远端被弯曲或者具有某种其他形状以有助于导航,该远程操纵器50″能推进、收回和转动护套以在身体中对护套的远端进行导航。远程操纵器50″和远程操纵器50能以协作的方式被操作以便该远程操纵器50″将护套464的远端带到期望的位置或取向,远程操纵器50使穿过护套的腔的医疗装置462推进和收回并从远端出来,并且操作手柄460以操作医疗装置的远端。
图46和47中示出了该优选实施方式的远程操纵器的另一个替代性布置,其布置成用于转动、操作和推进可操纵护套,并且用于在护套的腔内操作并推进和收回医疗装置。该远程操纵器50接合可远程操纵的医疗装置472的近端上的手柄470。该远程操纵器50能推进和收回该医疗装置,并且操作在手柄470上的控制器以使该医疗装置472的远端弯曲或以其他方式操作进行其他操作。例如,在套索导管的情况下,控制器的操作能使套索偏转,并使套索的环扩大和收缩。细长医疗装置的远端延伸穿过护套474的腔。
远程操纵器50接合可远程操纵的护套474的手柄476。远程操纵器50能转动、推进和收回护套474并且操作在手柄476上的控制器以使护套的远端弯曲或转动。因此,这些远程操纵器50能以协作的方式操作所以一个远程操纵器50将护套474的远端带到期望的位置或取向,远程操纵器50使穿过护套的腔的医疗装置472推进和收回并从医疗装置的远端出来,并且操作手柄470以操作医疗装置的远端。因此,可操纵护套474能被转动、推进和收回并被操作,医疗装置472能穿过可操纵护套的腔而被远程地推进和收回。
操作
将相对于环式EP导管描述该优选实施方式的操作,尽管本发明并不是受到这样的限制的并且该远程操纵器的实施方式能用于操作能通过手柄的操纵而被控制的多种医疗装置。该医疗装置具有带有致动器环的手柄。致动器环相对于手柄的其余部分的转动引起环形导管的远端的弯曲。致动器环相对于手柄的其余部分的平移引起在远端的环的尺寸的增大或减小。
该系统首先安装在病床上。如图37中所示,平台66横跨床的表面被放置并被紧固到在通常病床的侧部上设置的轨道上。通过拧紧螺栓120和122将底板100上的夹板112和114被紧固到床的一侧上的轨道。类似地,在床的另一侧上,通过拧紧螺栓128将L形支架110上的夹板124紧固到轨道。一旦平台66紧固在病床上,就将支架60安装在平台66上。如图38中所示,支架60上的销94和96装入支撑板100中的半圆形凹口130和132中,板100上的销134接合支架60中的半圆形凹口98。通过拧紧螺栓136将支架60和支撑板紧固在支架上以接合底板中的狭槽138。
然后通过围绕柱状件58枢转铰接臂56将装置驱动器52定位在合适的位置上,并用螺栓76将其紧固。能使部分70和72移动并能使驱动器装置52相对于第一、第二和第三轴线枢转以将驱动器装置带到合适的位置以用于实施该过程。
细长塑料袋形式的外科帷帘(未示出)能安装在装置驱动器52和铰接臂56上方。该帷帘优选地具有可穿孔的窗口,其在尺寸和形状上大体对应于平台204并与其对准。将能设置在消毒包装中的可替换的、一次性装置接口部件54从其消毒包装移除并利用穿过帷帘的每个夹紧件174的销226和228以及花键230安装在装置驱动器52的平台204上。替代性地,帷帘中的窗口能是加外框的开口,托盘220能与外框密封,销226和228以及花键230能接合它们各自的座部件而不与帷帘干扰。
然后细长医疗装置准备被使用并将其安装在远程操纵器系统中。如图39中所示,将医疗装置的远端引入伸缩导管支撑件302的近端上的开口300中。伸缩导管支撑件302包括至少两个相对伸缩的管304和306,管304和306具有用于将这些管304和306锁定就位的锁308以设定支撑件的长度。支撑件302的远端接合引入件的护套。夹310使导管支撑件302的近端接合安装件168,安装件168的球形形状有助于与夹310形成球接头以适应某种运动和重对准。
如图40A到40C中所示,夹紧件174A和174B打开,医疗装置的手柄放置在夹紧件中,其中医疗装置的致动器环与夹紧件174A对准,并且手柄的其余部分与夹紧件174B对准。夹紧件174A和174B的盖264关闭,并且闩锁270接合。
一旦医疗装置接合在远程操纵器系统中,医疗装置的远端能被引入到身体中并利用远程操纵器系统50被操纵。
当期望推进导管时,驱动器148被致动,使平移机构212相对于底部160推进装置驱动器52的主体170,这使安装在其上的导管推进。当期望收回导管时,驱动器148被致动,使平移机构212相对于其底部160收回装置驱动器的主体170。当期望转动导管的远端时,驱动器142和146被操作,以操作传动装置206和310,传动装置206和310使夹紧件174A和174B的花键230转动,从而使开口适配器齿圈302转动,因而使接合在其中的整个装置转动。当期望操作在装置的手柄上的致动环时,通过操作驱动器144能使手柄的其余部分和环相对平移,以操作平移机构208,从而使夹紧件174B接合手柄以相对于接合致动器环的夹紧件174A移动,从而引起致动器环与手柄之间的相对运动。能通过以下方式引起手柄的其余部分和致动器环的相对转动,即,通过操作驱动器142以操作传动机构206从而操作夹紧件174A的花键230,因而使致动器环相对于手柄的其余部分转动,或通过操作驱动器210以操作传动装置210从而操作夹紧件174B的花键230,因而使手柄的其余部分相对于致动器环转动,或者通过以不同的速率或沿不同的方向操作驱动器142和146,从而引起接合在夹紧件174A中的致动器环与接合在174B中的手柄的其余部分之间的相对转动。
驱动器142,144,146和148能由医生通过合适的接口部件而直接控制,或者这些驱动器能在医生的监督和指导下通过微处理器来控制。
在紧急情况下,能通过操作锁270来容易地打开夹紧件174A和174B,以释放盖并自由地拉动医疗装置。开口适配环能容易地从该装置移除,以便能手动使用该装置。
远程操纵装置的实施方式能适于多种医疗装置,以允许这些装置能够通过医生或者通过医生监督的计算机控制的远程控制下在身体内部定位并被操作。
为了解释和描述的目的已经提供了这些实施方式的前面的描述。其目的不是排除性的或者限制本发明。特定实施方式的单个元件或特征一般并不局限于该特定实施方式,而是在可用的情况下是可互换的并且能用在选定的实施方式中,即使没有具体地示出或描述。这些元件和特征能以多种方式变化。这些变型并不认为脱离了本发明,所有的这些修改目的在于被包括在本发明的范围内。

Claims (14)

1.一种用于远程操纵具有细长段的类型的医疗装置的系统,所述医疗装置的细长段具有适于引入到病人体内的远端和在近端的手柄,所述手柄带有用于操纵细长段的远端的可转动控制器和可平移控制器,所述系统包括:
用于可释放地接合医疗装置的手柄的第一部分的第一夹紧件,所述第一夹紧件包括用于转动接合在第一夹紧件中的医疗装置的手柄的可转动构件;
用于可释放地接合医疗装置的手柄的第二部分的第二夹紧件,所述第二夹紧件包括用于转动接合在第二夹紧件中的医疗装置的手柄的可转动构件;
装置驱动器,所述装置驱动器接合第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件,并且可操作以转动第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件的可转动构件,并且相对于第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件中的另一个夹紧件平移第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件中的至少一个夹紧件;
控制器,所述控制器用于选择性地操作装置驱动器,以使第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件的可转动构件转动,从而转动接合在第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件中的医疗装置的手柄,从而使医疗装置的远端转动;以及用于选择性地操作装置驱动器,以使第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件相对于彼此平移,从而操作接合在第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件中的手柄上的可平移控制器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述控制器进一步地选择性地操作装置驱动器,以引起接合在第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件中的医疗装置手柄的第一部分和第二部分的相对转动,从而操作接合在第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件中的医疗装置的手柄上的可转动控制器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的系统,所述系统还包括底部,其中,装置驱动器安装在底部上,推进器能够操作以相对于底部推进和收回装置驱动器,从而推进和收回手柄接合在第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件中的医疗装置的细长段的远端。
4.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件中的每个都包括:具有凹部的底部;具有凹部且铰接至底部的盖,所述盖能在打开位置与关闭位置之间枢转地操作,在所述打开位置医疗装置的手柄的一部分能插入夹紧件和从夹紧件移除,在所述关闭位置底部中的凹部和盖中的凹部协作以形成中心开口,所述中心开口用于接收并保持医疗装置的手柄的插入其中的部分;和用于将盖可释放地紧固在其关闭位置的闩锁。
5.根据权利要求4所述的系统,其中,每个夹紧件的可转动构件都是适配环,所述适配环可转动地安装在其相应的夹紧件的盖与底部之间的中心开口中,并且包括适于围绕医疗装置的手柄的一部分的至少第一部分和第二部分。
6.根据权利要求5所述的系统,其中,所述适配环包括齿圈,其中,每个夹紧件的底部包括接合适配环上的齿圈的传动机构,所述传动机构能与装置驱动器接合以使适配环在夹紧件内转动。
7.根据权利要求1所述的系统,所述系统还包括位于装置驱动器和第一夹紧件与第二夹紧件之间的托盘;其中,所述托盘具有开口以允许第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件的一部分接合装置驱动器。
8.一种用于远程操纵具有细长段的类型的医疗装置的系统,所述医疗装置的细长段具有适于引入到病人体内的远端和在近端的手柄,所述手柄带有用于操纵细长段的远端的可转动控制器和可平移控制器,所述系统包括:
用于可释放地接合医疗装置的手柄的第一部分的第一夹紧件和用于可释放地接合医疗装置的手柄的第二部分的第二夹紧件,第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件中的每一个均包括:适配环,所述适配环包括适于围绕医疗装置的手柄的一部分的至少第一部分和第二部分;具有凹部的底部;盖,所述盖铰接至底部并且具有凹部,并且所述盖能在打开位置与关闭位置之间枢转地操作,在所述打开位置,在适配环中的医疗装置的手柄的一部分能插入夹紧件并从夹紧件移除,在所述关闭位置,底部中的凹部和盖中的凹部协作以形成中心开口,所述中心开口用于接收和保持在适配环中的医疗装置的手柄的所述部分;
装置驱动器,所述装置驱动器接合第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件,并且能够操作以转动第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件的适配环,并且相对于第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件中的另一个夹紧件平移第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件中的至少一个夹紧件;
控制器,所述控制器用于选择性地操作装置驱动器,以使第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件的可转动构件转动,从而转动接合在第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件中的医疗装置的手柄,从而使接合在第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件中的医疗装置的细长段的远端转动;以及用于选择性地操作装置驱动器以使第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件相对于彼此平移,从而操作接合在第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件中的手柄上的可平移控制器。
9.根据权利要求8所述的系统,其中,所述控制器进一步地选择性操作装置驱动器,以引起接合在第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件中的医疗装置的手柄的第一部分和第二部分的相对转动,从而操作接合在第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件中的手柄上的可转动控制器。
10.根据权利要求9所述的系统,所述系统还包括插入到夹紧件和装置驱动器之间的托盘,其中,第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件包括延伸穿过托盘并且接合装置驱动器的部分、以及能与装置驱动器接合以使接合在夹紧件内的适配环转动的传动机构。
11.根据权利要求8所述的系统,其中,所述装置驱动器包括:底部;主体;用于使主体相对于底部平移的平移机构;用于第一夹紧件的传动装置,其用于接合安装在其上的第一夹紧件的一部分,以操作传动机构从而使第一夹紧件的适配环转动;平移机构,其接合第二夹紧件的一部分,以用于使第二夹紧件相对于第一夹紧件平移;和第二夹紧件的传动装置,其用于接合安装在其上的第二夹紧件的一部分,以操作传动机构从而使第二夹紧件的适配环转动。
12.一种用于安装和操作装置接口部件以远程地操纵接合在装置接口部件中的细长医疗装置的手柄的装置驱动器,这种类型的医疗装置具有适于引入到病人体内的远端和在近端的手柄,所述手柄带有用于操纵所述医疗装置的可转动控制器和可平移控制器,所述装置驱动器包括:
底部;以及
可滑动地安装在底部上的主体;主体中的用于使主体相对于底部平移的平移机构;接收和选择性地转动装置接口部件的第一部分的一部分的座部件、接收和选择性地平移装置接口部件的第二部分的一部分的座部件;以及接收和选择性地转动装置接口部件的第二部分的一部分的座部件。
13.一种用于安装在装置驱动器上以接合和操作具有细长段的类型的医疗装置的装置接口部件,所述细长段具有适于引入到病人体内的远端和在近端的手柄,所述手柄带有用于操纵所述医疗装置的可转动控制器和可平移控制器,所述装置接口部件包括:
托盘;
安装在托盘上的第一夹紧件,所述第一夹紧件包括:底部、铰接盖;以及开口适配环,其可转动地安装在底部和盖中,并适于接收医疗装置的手柄的第一部分;和用于使开口适配环转动的传动机构,所述传动机构具有适于接合装置驱动器上的座部件的凸出花键,在所述装置驱动器上安装有所述装置接口部件,以便所述装置驱动器能使第一夹紧件的开口环适配器转动;以及
可滑动地安装在托盘上的第二夹紧件,所述第二夹紧件包括:底部、铰接盖;和开口适配环,其可转动地安装在底部和盖中,并适于接收医疗装置的手柄的第二部分;和用于使开口适配环转动的传动机构,所述传动机构具有凸出花键,所述凸出花键适于接合安装有所述装置接口部件的装置驱动器上的座部件,以便所述装置驱动器能使第二夹紧件的开口环适配器转动,所述第二夹紧件具有悬置部,所述悬置部适于接合安装有所述装置接口部件的装置驱动器上的平移机构,以便所述装置驱动器能使第二夹紧件相对于第一夹紧件平移。
14.一种操作具有细长段的类型的医疗装置的方法,所述细长段具有适于引入到病人体内的远端和近端上的手柄,所述手柄带有用于操纵医疗装置的可转动控制器和可平移控制器,所述方法包括:
将医疗装置的手柄的第一部分接合在可释放地可转动地安装在第一夹紧件中的第一适配环中;
将医疗装置的手柄的第二部分接合在可释放地可转动地安装在第二夹紧件中的第二适配环中;以及
选择性地一起移动第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件,以在病人体内推进和收回医疗装置的远端;选择性地转动第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件的适配环,以使医疗装置的远端在病人体内转动;使第二夹紧件相对于第一夹紧件选择性地移动,以引起手柄的第一部分与手柄的第二部分之间的相对平移,从而操作手柄上的可平移控制器;以及选择性地使第一夹紧件和第二夹紧件的适配环差动地转动,从而操作手柄上的可转动控制器。
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EP2642941A1 (en) 2013-10-02
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