CN105076253A - Composite growth regulator special for cucumbers - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a composite growth regulator special for cucumbers. The composite growth regulator comprises the following active ingredients: brassinolide, betaine and plant extract, and the plant extract is one or multiple of honeysuckle extract, forsythia extract, pepper extract and mint extract. The composite growth regulator combines the plant extract with chemical ingredients, so that cucumber growth can be regulated, cucumber yield increase can be promoted, cucumber quality can be improved, diseases like powdery mildew, gray mold, phytophthora root rot, anthrax, wilt and downy mildew of the cucumbers can be prevented and controlled, application amount of single dosage can be lowered effectively, and effect of the diseases can be reduced.

Description

A kind of cucumber specific complex type growth regulator

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, relate to a kind of cucumber specific complex type growth regulator, can not only cucumber growth be regulated, the diseases such as powdery mildew of cucumber, gray mold, phytophthora root rot, anthracnose, fusarium wilt, downy mildew can also be prevented and treated.

Background technology

China's cucumber cultivation area accounts for the vegetable growing gross area more than 60%.North winter-spring season cucumber cultivation must carry out in protecting field; owing to affecting by low temperature, short-day, the low light level etc.; cause cucumber plant growth potential weak; Fruit is slow; growth retardation; and it is many that cucumber forms Female Flower Number under low temperature, short-day condition, easily cause fruit-setting rate low, have a strong impact on the economic benefit of cucumber yield and grower.Chemical regulation technique is adopted to be promote cucumber yield convenient and one of effective approach.And at present, the growth regulator of use is mainly chemical synthesis preparation, it is precocious to promotion cucumber, and raising cucumber yield aspect effect is obvious.But the environmental pollution that excessive use causes is also day by day serious, and residual component enters in body by food chain, has side effects, as Juvenile development is too fast, the side effect increasingly significant that early sexual maturity brings.In recent years, also there are some scientific research personnel to attempt extracting the direct sample preparation of mixture in the plant corpus of screening, utilize the active active principle in plant corpus to reach the object of coordinate plant growth.This series products has easy degraded, the advantage that noresidue is polluted, but drug effect sluggish, cause regulating effect not good, affect it and apply.

Bactericide is the class agricultural chemicals for preventing and treating the plant disease caused by various pathogenic microorganism, and bactericide also there will be certain poisoning, can be divided into direct poisoning and indirect poisoning by poisoning time of origin, and direct poisoning causes poisoning to this season crop after dispenser; Indirect poisoning causes poisoning to lower stubble sensitive crop exactly, if triazole type is to the growth inhibition of lower stubble dicotyledonous crops and responsive japonica rice and the poisoning etc. showed.The symptom occurred by poisoning can be divided into, and visible poisoning and recessive poisoning, visible poisoning is exactly observable modal poisoning.This is that people hold detectable problem most.Recessive poisoning is exactly without Visual symptoms, but affects yield and quality.This poisoning is often ignored by people.As triazole type stops leaf area to increase, reduce gross photosynthesis product; Leaf vegetables, fruit diminish, production declining; Rice Panicle may be made little, and thousand kernel weight declines; Change the content, protein minimizing etc. of unsaturated fatty acid and free amino acid.Fluoxastrobin can increase the generation of Scab pathotoxin; Heavy metal bactericide also often affects crop photosynthesis and reproductive growth, and ripening rate is declined.The symptom of poisoning be educate cyclomorphosis as emerged, tillering, bloom, result, the maturing stage postpone, poor growth; Being short of seedling is exactly dressing, seed dressing, seed soaking reduction germination rate, or it is bitter dead to be unearthed after germinateing; Variable color is exactly chlorosis, floral leaf, chrysanthemum, the variable color of leaf margin blade tip or root, fruit variable color; Paramophia changes that fruit shape, plant stunt, do not ear, flowers and fruits deformity exactly; Necrosis is exactly withered spot, withers.

So, choose the combine plant growth regulator of research and development Nuisanceless high-efficient sterilization of high energy plant material and the little chemicals of side effect and seem very necessary.

Summary of the invention

Nuisanceless high-efficient cucumber growth conditioning agent that the object of the present invention is to provide a Plant Extracts and chemical composition to combine and preparation method thereof.Cucumber growth can not only be regulated, promote cucumber production promoting, improve cucumber quality, the diseases such as powdery mildew of cucumber, gray mold, phytophthora root rot, anthracnose, fusarium wilt, downy mildew can also be prevented and treated.

Technical solution of the present invention is as follows, and a kind of cucumber specific complex type growth regulator, comprises the active component of following weight portion: brassin lactones 10-20 part, betain 10-20 part, plant extracts 15-30 part.

Described plant extracts is one or more in Honegsukle flower P.E, forsythia suspense extraction, pepper extract, mint extract.

Described plant extracts adopts commercially available finished product or extracts by this area conventional method, such as can adopt with the following method: vegetable material is ground into meal, boiling three times, each 1.5 hours, collecting decoction, filter, it is the clear cream of 1.10-1.20 (room temperature) that filtrate is evaporated to relative density in less than 60 DEG C, lets cool, add the ethanol of 4 times amount, stir evenly, leave standstill 2 hours, precipitation, filter, decompression filtrate recycling ethanol, obtains extract concentrated solution, and concentrate can carry out spraying dry further.

Cucumber specific complex type growth regulator preparation method of the present invention is, make aqueous emulsion, component composition and weight percentage are: active component (brassin lactones 10-20 part, betain 10-20 part, plant extracts 15-30 part) 2-20%, emulsifier 8%-15%, co-emulsifier 3% ~ 5%, solvent 5% ~ 25%, antioxidant 1% ~ 3%, deionized water polishing to 100%.

Wherein: described emulsifier is one or more mixtures in ethylene oxide propylene oxide block copolymer, alkyl phenyl polyglycol ether, polyoxyethylene carboxylate, phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether, alkyl polyoxyethylene ether, polyethylene glycol hydrogenated castor-oil plant RH40, lecithin; Described co-emulsifier is one or more mixtures in glycerine, isopropyl alcohol, butanols, dodecanol; Described solvent is one or more mixtures in oleic acid, methyl alcohol, ethanol, dimethylbenzene; Described antioxidant is ascorbic acid.

Prepare according to the preparation method of the general aqueous emulsion in this area, can be such as: oil soluble active component, oil soluble emulsifying agent and solvent are mixed with oil phase, water soluble active component, emulsifier, co-emulsifier and part water are mixed with aqueous phase, under high speed shear condition, oil phase is added aqueous phase or aqueous phase adds in oil phase, shear homogenizing 20 ~ 30min, obtain composite aqueous emulsion product.

The present inventor find above-mentioned brassin lactones and betain, plant extracts is composite after have beat all effect, cucumber growth can not only be regulated, promote cucumber production promoting, improve cucumber quality, and higher preventive effect can also be had to diseases such as powdery mildew of cucumber, gray mold, phytophthora root rot, anthracnose, fusarium wilt, downy mildew, effectively can also reduce the amount of application of single dose, reduce poisoning.In the present invention, the effect of each component is as follows:

Brassin lactones: be a kind of new green environment protection plant growth regulator, it sprays process by the seed soaking of suitable concentration brassin lactones and cauline leaf.The plant growths such as vegetables, melon, fruit can be promoted, can oil recovery enhancement, improve output, beautiful in colour, blade is more abundant.The sampling time that also can make tealeaves in advance, also can make the sugary part of melon and fruit higher, and individuality is larger, and output is higher, more storage endurance.Plant hormone, be all harmless to people and animals, normal using dosage is very safe and effective.Nature brown cotton can be widely used in and be applied to various economic crops, generally can increase production 5-10%, and high reaches 30%, and energy obviously oil recovery enhancement, increase sugared part and fruit weight, increase flowers gorgeous.The drought resisting of crop can also be improved, cold tolerance simultaneously, alleviate crop and suffer damage by disease and insect, poisoning, fertilizer damage, the symptom of freeze injury.

Plant extracts: plant-source antibacterial material is extensively present in natural world.Antimicrobial compound in plant corpus is the secondary metabolite of plant mostly.Comprise alkaloids, flavonoid class, protein-based.The compound such as organic acid and phenols.China has abundant Chinese medicinal plant resource.Many medicinal plants have antibacterial, bactericidal action.Such as,

Honeysuckle is the bud of caprifoliaceae plant honeysuckle.Property sweet, micro-hardship, delicate fragrance, pungent, cold.Return lung, stomach, the heart, large intestine channel.Have clearing heat and detoxicating, dispelling wind and heat from the body, remove heat from the blood and relieve diarrhea, fall blood and fall fire, disappear and swallow effect of sharp diaphragm.To various pathogens as staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococcus, Escherichia coli, shigella dysenteriae, comma bacillus, typhoid bacillus, paratyphosum Bacterium etc. all have certain inhibitory action.Have antibacterial and bactericidal action to pneumococcus, diplococcus meningitidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, tubercle bacillus, Shigella shigae, streptococcus mutans etc., infected by influenza, orphan virus, herpes virus, Leptospira all have inhibitory action.Anti inflammatory detoxication effect, has stronger loose carbuncle detumescence, clearing heat and detoxicating, antiinflammation to swell furunculosis, acute appendicitis lung carbuncle of carbuncle.

Capsule of weeping forsythia attribute: bitter, is slightly cold.Return lung, the heart, gallbladder channel.The capsule of weeping forsythia has broad-spectrum antibacterial action, has very strong inhibitory action to staphylococcus aureus, Hayes shigella dysenteriae, has certain inhibitory action to other pathogenic bacteria, influenza virus, fungi.There is antiinflammatory action.Contained oleanolic acid has cardiac stimulant, diuresis and hypotensive activity, and citrin can reduce vasopermeability and fragility, prevents haemolysis.Decoction has the town effect of telling, anti-liver injury effect.Clearing heat and detoxicating, dispersing swelling and dissipating binds, dispelling wind and heat from the body.Cure mainly carbuncle sore tumefacting virus, subcutaneous nodule scrofula, affection of exogenous wind-heat, warm disease from the beginning of, heat drenches puckery pain etc.

Chinese prickly ash is rutaceae, and warm in nature, taste is pungent.Warming middle energizer to relieve pain, killing parasites to relieve itshing.For coldness and pain in the epigastrium, vomiting have loose bowels, abdominal pain due to enterositosis, ascariasis; Control eczema itch outward.Chinese prickly ash can except the stink smell of various meat; Promote salivary secretion, increase appetite; Distend the blood vessels, thus play the effect reduced blood pressure; Take pepper water and can remove parasite; There is effect of fragrant stomach invigorating, warming spleen and stomach for dispelling cold, damp dispelling and pain relieving, desinsection removing toxic substances, antipruritic solution raw meat.Pepper extract contains volatile oil (for citrene, cumic alcohol, geraniol etc.), black alcohol, unsaturated organic acid.Chinese prickly ash is to bacillus anthracis, hemolytic streptococcus, diphtheria bacillus, Diplococcus pneumopniae, staphylococcus aureus, lemon yellow and 10 kinds of gram-positive bacterias such as staphylococcus albus, hay bacillus, and in the intestines such as Escherichia coli, Song Nei Shi dysentery bar flute, proteus, typhoid fever and paratyphosum Bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, comma bacillus, pathogenic bacteria all have obvious inhibitory action.

Peppermint, also known as HERBA MENTHAE, fish mint, apple mint herb, jintan grass, luxuriant lotus dish etc., is Labiatae herbaceos perennial, is distributed widely in all parts of the country.Peppermint has antimicrobial antiphlogistic effect, in the composition of the 21 kinds of Peppermint essential oil identified, isophorone (41.22%), β-caryophyllene (10.01%), spathulenol (2.89%), nopinene (1.45%) and cineole (1.13%) are main component.All antibacterial activity is had to bacillus subtilis and proteus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis.Antimycotic and desinsection removes the effect of mite in addition.

Betain: be a kind of quaternary amine type water-soluble alkaloid (chemical name: tripotassium ammonia second lactones).Extract and betain of gaining the name from beet because of initial.Have and maintain Premeabilisation of cells pressure, many enzymes and the large molecule of other biological are had to protective effect, anti-salt, affect the effect such as distribution of inorganic ions.Research shows.Use the drought-resistant ability that exogenous betaine can significantly improve crop.

Environmental protection growth regulator brassin lactones combines with traditional Chinese medicine by growth regulator of the present invention, makes each medicine effect fully produce synergistic function:

(1) plant extracts that the present invention selects is natural plants antibacterial substance, inhibitory action is had to various bacteria, fungi and virus, can fungicidal spectrum be expanded, have good control efficiency to diseases such as powdery mildew of cucumber, gray mold, phytophthora root rot, anthracnose, fusarium wilt, downy mildew.

(2) effectively can reduce the amount of application of single dose, reduce poisoning, and alleviate the resistance problems of pathogen.

(3) can effectively Promoting plant growth grow and the absorption of nutriment, running, promote crop precocity, and can crop yield be increased substantially, crop quality is optimized.

(4) can also via plant immunity be strengthened, improve the resistance against diseases of plant, improve the drought resisting of crop, cold tolerance.

(5) the good use safety of Environmental compatibility, has drug effect and plays rapidly, easily degrade, the advantage that noresidue is polluted.

(6) constant product quality, environmental friendliness, meets the requirement of environmental protection Agrochemicals, and preparation processing technique is simple, easy to use, suitable for large area applications.

Embodiment

Embodiment: cucumber specific complex type growth regulator of the present invention, concrete proportioning example is as shown in table 1

Table 1 cucumber specific complex type growth regulator

Described emulsifier is one or more mixtures in ethylene oxide propylene oxide block copolymer, alkyl phenyl polyglycol ether, polyoxyethylene carboxylate, phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether, alkyl polyoxyethylene ether, polyethylene glycol hydrogenated castor-oil plant RH40, lecithin; Described co-emulsifier is one or more mixtures in glycerine, isopropyl alcohol, butanols, dodecanol; Described solvent is one or more mixtures in oleic acid, methyl alcohol, ethanol, dimethylbenzene; Described antioxidant is ascorbic acid.

Test example 1, to powdery mildew and gray mold preventive effect

By cucumber specific complex type growth regulator of the present invention, carry out preventing and treating powdery mildew of cucumber and gray mold effect experiment in field, contrast medicament is 10% difenoconazole suspending agent, and experimental result is in table 2

Table 2 growth regulator of the present invention prevents and treats powdery mildew of cucumber and gray mold field efficacy experimental result

Result shows, the present invention has good control efficiency to powdery mildew of cucumber and gray mold, and dispenser on average reaches the preventive effect of more than 90% for 7 days, higher than contrast medicament 10% difenoconazole suspending agent preventive effect.

Test example 2, effect of increasing production

Test is carried out in common cucumber booth, process 1-6 uses cucumber specific complex type growth regulator of the present invention in the cucumber growth phase, contrast is for using fruit juice (Zhengzhou Zhong Lian chemical products Co., Ltd), conventional field fertilization, management, 3 be the results are shown in Table on the impact of cucumber yield, 4 be the results are shown in Table on the impact of cucumber fruits interior quality index

The impact of growth regulator of the present invention on cucumber yield used by table 3

As can be seen here, adopt the cucumber growth conditioning agent of the embodiment of the present invention, the cucumber that plantation obtains is all in bottle green, size is regular and profile is good-looking, length reaches more than 96% within the scope of 10 ~ 14cm, and external diameter reaches more than 97%, tender of Fresh Cucumber Juice fleshiness within the scope of 3 ~ 4cm, mouthfeel is pleasant, and per mu yield reaches more than 8200 kilograms; The product 7500 kilograms of output obtained than implantation methods of the prior art at least improve about 10%.The present invention substantially increases quality and the quality of the product of cucumber, adds the per mu yield income of green cucumber.

The impact of growth regulator of the present invention on cucumber fruits interior quality index used by table 4

As can be seen here, adopt the cucumber growth conditioning agent of the embodiment of the present invention, the cucumber nutrient component of plantation is abundanter, and mouthfeel is better.

Claims (3)

1. a cucumber specific complex type growth regulator, is characterized in that, comprises the active component of following weight portion: brassin lactones 10-20 part, betain 10-20 part, plant extracts 15-30 part;

Described plant extracts is one or more in Honegsukle flower P.E, forsythia suspense extraction, pepper extract, mint extract.

2. cucumber specific complex type growth regulator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, can be prepared into aqueous emulsion.

3. cucumber specific complex type growth regulator as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the component composition of described aqueous emulsion and weight percentage are: active component 2-20%, emulsifier 8%-15%, co-emulsifier 3% ~ 5%, solvent 5% ~ 25%, antioxidant 1% ~ 3%, deionized water polishing to 100%;

Wherein: described emulsifier is one or more mixtures in ethylene oxide propylene oxide block copolymer, alkyl phenyl polyglycol ether, polyoxyethylene carboxylate, phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether, alkyl polyoxyethylene ether, polyethylene glycol hydrogenated castor-oil plant RH40, lecithin; Described co-emulsifier is one or more mixtures in glycerine, isopropyl alcohol, butanols, dodecanol; Described solvent is one or more mixtures in oleic acid, methyl alcohol, ethanol, dimethylbenzene; Described antioxidant is ascorbic acid.