CN105075454A - Indoor sprouting experiment method for preventing seeds from molding - Google Patents
Indoor sprouting experiment method for preventing seeds from molding Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an indoor sprouting experiment method for preventing seeds from molding. The method comprises steps as follows: (1), disinfecting seeds; (2), disinfecting plastic gloves for standby use; (3), performing high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization on river sand; (4), performing cold stratification processing on dormant seeds; (5), sowing; (6), putting the seeds into a disinfected artificial intelligent climate chamber for sprouting. In order to overcome the defect of serious molding of seeds in a laboratory in the sprouting process currently, the indoor sprouting experiment method is adopted, seed disinfection, high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization of the river sand and uniform mixing of the seeds and the wet river sand are performed, so that the seeds keep moisture uniformly, external conditions required in a seed sprouting test are adjusted through the artificial intelligent climate chamber, and a knob for controlling the size of an air hole is arranged on a cover of a preservation box to adjust moisture, temperature and oxygen required by the seeds in the sprouting process. The relation among moisture, temperature and oxygen required by the seeds can be adjusted, the seeds can be effectively prevented from molding, the sprout rate of the seeds is increased, and the reliability and the accuracy of test data are improved. Multiple tests prove that the effect is remarkable, and molding phenomena seldom occur.
Description
Technical field
Agricultural technology field of the present invention, is specifically related to a kind of indoor germination test method preventing the mold of seed.
Background technology
In germination test, one of FAQs is that the control of germination test condition is not in place.(1) dilutional hyponatremia or very few is added during germination test.Excess moisture, cause oxygen not enough, then seed goes rotten; Hypohydration also can affect imbibition, sprouting.(2) during germination test, temperature is not suitable for.Suitable temperature can promote seed sprouting, and temperature is too high, and various enzyme system suffers destruction in various degree, and inner metabolism is lacked of proper care, seed germination difficulty; If temperature is too low, enzymatic reaction is weak, and metabolism is slow, needs the long period just can make seed germination, thus subjects to disease hazard.(3) duration of test is not noted ventilation and makes seed anoxic, is unfavorable for seed sprouting.(4) during seed sprouting to mildew and rot seed treatment not in time, cause mycotic infection, affect result of the test.(Chen Shaoguo, 2010, FAQs and solution in seed germination experiment, Henan Agriculture, (4): 45).Carry out seed germination experiment with insulating box, the germination rate measured by same seed is generally low than the practical germination percent of field seeding by about 10%.Main cause is that in insulating box, temperature is high, high humidity, easy fungal infection, and air is stale, and Some seeds can not germinate because of mould evil idea.
Often in indoor seed germination experiment there is following difficulties: (1) seed is easily mouldy and infect.(2) aeration condition is poor, causes plant respiration difficulty, causes not germinateing or rotting.(3) in germination middle and later periods lack of water, wet when doing during germination box, be unfavorable for seed seedling healthy growth and development.(4) germination period reaches the higher crop (as melon) of the stem water content of more than 10 days, easily causes stem dead to the germination later stage.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of this invention is to provide a kind of indoor germination test method preventing the mold of seed.
Technical scheme: a kind of indoor germination test method preventing the mold of seed provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
1) seed disinfection: seed is loaded in seed mesh bag and rinse 45min ~ 1h with clear water, medicining liquid dipping 12 ~ 18h, then sterile water wash 3 ~ 5 times after 10% hypochlorite disinfectant l0 ~ 15min, cleans up;
(remarks: if the surface of the seed is smooth without hair, disinfecting time can be lacked; If the surface of the seed hairiness is rough, disinfecting time will be grown, and sterilize time agitation as appropriate.）
Some factor such as seed may itself carry disease germs, the box that germinates is not sterilized totally, the non-cleaning and sterilizing of sand all easily causes the mold of seed and infects.Before doing germination test, germination box cotton ball soaked in alcohol wipes 1 time, sand cleaning after in high-pressure sterilizing pot 130 ~ 170 DEG C of autoclave sterilization 30 ~ 45min, to kill germ and other seeds of Sha Nei.
2) plastic gloves sterilization is for subsequent use: the same seed disinfection of method, and can carry out with seed disinfection simultaneously;
3) river sand autoclave sterilization: two-layer with newspaper parcel after the river sand clear water not containing hazardous substance, sieve being rinsed 45min ~ 1h, puts into high-pressure sterilizing pot and naturally cool to room temperature after 130 ~ 170 DEG C of autoclave sterilization 30 ~ 45min;
4) dormant seed needs cold stratification: the river sand watering can of sterilizing is added sterile water spray moist, wet husky water content is 60% ~ 80%, reach hand pinch agglomerating, let go and namely fall apart, seed after sterilization mixes in the ratio of 1:3 ~ 5 with wet husky, puts into the crisper with the knob of control pore opening on lid that alcohol disinfecting crosses;
5) sow: water content be 60% ~ 80% wet husky thickness rest in 2 ~ 4cm, broadcast after seed and cover the thick loose wet sand of 1 ~ 2cm;
6) the artificial intelligence climatic chamber of sterilizing then is put into, it is temperature required that the temperature of phytotron is set to seed germination experiment according to Tree Seeds Test code GB2772-1999, humidity is 50% ~ 55%, illumination 12h, and crisper stirs once by cool stratification every 7d up and down; The husky bed of seed germination experiment will remain that surface is not dry, will spray water when namely sandy soil slightly turn white.The sand water content of putting bed reaches 60% ~ 80%, if there is mouldy seed to take out immediately during germination, can put into germination box after cleaning up, and with mould proof diffusion, makes whole germinating bed fungal infection, causes germination test failure.
Select germinating bed to be generally that husky bed is better, the river sand particle diameter in described step 3) is 0.05 ~ 0.08 millimeter, and the size between river sand is even, does not contain hazardous substance.With 0.05 ~ 0.08 millimeter of sand grains as germination medium, so large grit can keep certain hole, in order to ventilation.
Described step 4) seed accounts for crisper less than 2/3 ~ 1/2 with wet husky volume.The crisper that the present invention uses is larger than common seedlet germination box specification, and with regulating the knob of stomatal aperture, to the demand relation between moisture, temperature, oxygen three, the object preventing the mold of seed can be reached by regulating stomatal aperture to coordinate seed in crisper.
Crisper size: rectangle (long 17.7cm × wide 12.7cm × high 9cm); Common seedlet germination box (long 12cm × wide 12cm × high 5-6cm), at (operation instruction) seed germination experiment initial stage, the aperture of pore is little (reducing the evaporation of moisture), and especially during cold stratification, the aperture of pore is 1/5 ~ 1/4; When later stage germinates, pore should be opened large (more than 1/3 ~ 1/2) gradually.Select specification large with regulating the reason of germination box of pore to be: Yin Putong seedlet germination box space is very little, atmosphere draught-free, and oxygen is not enough, hypercapnia, causes seed expiratory dyspnea in germination box, causes can not normally to germinate and mouldy.Common practices must every day germination box be taken out from germinating box at duration of test, and lid is opened, and places 1 ~ 2 hour in air circulation place.Although this way can reduce mouldy rate to a certain extent, add workload.Select the germination box with adjustment pore that specification is large, germination box space is large, and air easily circulates, and oxygen is sufficient, and carbonic acid gas is few, and seed is breathed normally, can not cause the mold of seed, so more be conducive to seed and normally germinate.
General dormant seed cool stratification vernalization in described step 6) 5 DEG C ~ 8 DEG C; Other seeds arrange 20 ~ 25 DEG C of germinations.Temperature will be suitable for, and that can not adjust is too high, and temperature height mould occurs heavier.Caloric test is the most desirable, makes temperature condition access expansion circle in insulating box, has the change of high/low temperature, and low temperature day will keep 10h, and high temperature keeps 14h.When seed is in resting state, the dormancy of seed must be broken.Processing method simply has cooling method and high temperature treatment method.Cooling method: put by seed on moistening germinating bed, only keeps the low temperature of 5-10 DEG C within the time of specifying, can proper extension cool time to the seed of deep-sleep.High temperature treatment method: carry out high temperature treatment according to different seed is generally improve room temperature or scald with hot water to plant.When germination test, check with or without mouldy seed in time, can sort out if having, adopt the follow-up supervention bud of warm water washing.The middle and later periods of germinateing, the 3rd day to the 7th day, should suitably reduce germinating bed humidity and temperature and obtain strong bud seedling.
To germinate in first 3 ~ 4 days during germination in box not lack of water, find lack of water in sand afterwards, keep the skin wet in time, preferably use spray form water, ensure that germinating bed is overall moistening, after the moisture on cauline leaf sheet is done naturally, can germinating box be put into.Sufficient moisture, suitable temperature, enough oxygen are the necessary requirements that seed germination bud becomes seedling, only coordinate the relation between moisture, oxygen, temperature three, seed sprouting and good the growing of seedling could be promoted, thus obtain the highest germination rate.
According to the germination condition of regulations stipulate, in general, new results has dormant seed and outmoded seed, to select alternating temperature or the germination of lower constant temperature better.Different Germination Conditions is different, the thin and weak kernel starchness that some particle shapes are less is less, thus need water few, aerobic many, as high in washiness, temperature, anoxic can be caused to cause rotten, only have the seed characteristics fully understanding different tree species, coordinate the relation between moisture, oxygen, temperature three, seed sprouting and good the growing of seedling could be promoted.
Suitable inspection should be carried out during seed sprouting.Should also be noted that ventilation, avoid seed to make because of anoxic normal germination be affected.
Described thimerosal is the one in tpn 500 times of liquid or potassium permanganate 500 times of liquid or formaldehyde 500 times of liquid.
Beneficial effect: compare and prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention is directed to the defect that in the seed germination of current laboratory, the mold of seed is serious, seed disinfection, husky autoclave sterilization, seed and wet sand is adopted to mix thoroughly, make seed moisturizing even, artificial intelligence climatic chamber regulates the external condition (illumination, humidity, temperature, ventilation) needed for seed germination experiment, adopts on fresh-keeping box cover and regulates moisture, temperature, oxygen required in seed germination with the knob controlling pore opening.Seed can be coordinated to the demand relation between moisture, temperature, oxygen three, thus effectively prevent the mold of seed, improve reliability, the accuracy of percentage of seedgermination and test data.Prove according to test of many times: successful, almost without Signs of Mould.By the method mold of seed rate only 0 ~ 1%, by common germination box seed germination experiment mold of seed rate about 10% or more.
The technology of the present invention measure key point is that whole process of the test adopts sterile working, and utilizes crisper upper cover pore knob to control seed to the demand relation between moisture, temperature, oxygen three, thus effectively prevents the mold of seed.It is simple that it has pipelining Job Operations, and workable, feature applied widely, is the improvement method of seed germination experiment, prevents the mold of seed, greatly can improve reliability, the accuracy of test data.
Embodiment
According to following embodiment, the present invention may be better understood.But those skilled in the art will readily understand, concrete material proportion, process conditions and result thereof described by embodiment only for illustration of the present invention, and should can not limit the present invention described in detail in claims yet.
Embodiment 1
Prevent an indoor germination test method for the mold of seed, comprise the following steps:
1) seed disinfection: seed is loaded in seed mesh bag and rinse 1h with clear water, tpn 500 times of immersions bubble 12h, then sterile water wash 5 times after 10% hypochlorite disinfectant l0min;
2) plastic gloves sterilization is for subsequent use: tpn 500 times of immersions bubble 12h, then sterile water wash 5 times after 10% hypochlorite disinfectant l0min;
3) river sand autoclave sterilization: two-layer with newspaper parcel after the river sand clear water not containing hazardous substance, sieve being rinsed 1h, puts into high-pressure sterilizing pot and naturally cool to room temperature after 150 DEG C of autoclave sterilization 30min; River sand particle diameter is 0.05 ~ 0.08 millimeter;
4) dormant seed needs cold stratification: the river sand watering can of sterilizing is added sterile water spray moist, wet husky water content is 60%, reach hand pinch agglomerating, let go and namely fall apart, seed after sterilization mixes in the ratio of 1:3 with wet husky, puts into the crisper with the knob of control pore opening on lid that alcohol disinfecting crosses; Seed accounts for crisper less than 2/3 with wet husky volume, and the aperture of pore opening pore when cold stratification is 1/5; When step 6) later stage germinates, pore should aperture be 1/3;
5) sow: water content be 60% wet husky thickness rest in 2 ~ 4cm, broadcast after seed and cover the thick loose wet sand of 1 ~ 2cm;
6) the artificial intelligence climatic chamber of sterilizing then is put into, it is temperature required that the temperature of phytotron is set to seed germination experiment according to Tree Seeds Test code GB2772-1999, humidity is 50%, illumination 12h, and crisper stirs once by cool stratification every 7d up and down; The husky bed of seed germination experiment will remain that surface is not dry, will spray water when namely sandy soil slightly turn white.General dormant seed cool stratification vernalization 5 DEG C ~ 8 DEG C; Other seeds arrange 20 ~ 25 DEG C of germinations.
The mouldy rate adopting the seed of the method for above-described embodiment is 0.4%, and germination rate is 78%, and what the present embodiment adopted is that short column clematis seed carries out testing.
Embodiment 2
Prevent an indoor germination test method for the mold of seed, comprise the following steps:
1) seed disinfection: seed is loaded in seed mesh bag and rinse 1h with clear water, potassium permanganate 500 times of immersions bubble 12h, then sterile water wash 5 times after 10% hypochlorite disinfectant l0min;
2) plastic gloves sterilization is for subsequent use: potassium permanganate 500 times of immersions bubble 12h, then sterile water wash 5 times after 10% hypochlorite disinfectant l0min;
3) river sand autoclave sterilization: two-layer with newspaper parcel after the river sand clear water not containing hazardous substance, sieve being rinsed 1h, puts into high-pressure sterilizing pot and naturally cool to room temperature after 150 DEG C of autoclave sterilization 30min; River sand particle diameter is 0.05 ~ 0.08 millimeter;
4) dormant seed needs cold stratification: the river sand watering can of sterilizing is added sterile water spray moist, wet husky water content is 80%, reach hand pinch agglomerating, let go and namely fall apart, seed after sterilization mixes in the ratio of 1:5 with wet husky, puts into the crisper with the knob of control pore opening on lid that alcohol disinfecting crosses; Seed accounts for crisper less than 1/2 with wet husky volume, and the aperture of pore opening pore when cold stratification is 1/4; When step 6) later stage germinates, pore should aperture be 1/2;
5) sow: water content be 80% wet husky thickness rest in 2 ~ 4cm, broadcast after seed and cover the thick loose wet sand of 1 ~ 2cm;
6) the artificial intelligence climatic chamber of sterilizing then is put into, it is temperature required that the temperature of phytotron is set to seed germination experiment according to Tree Seeds Test code GB2772-1999, humidity is 50%, illumination 12h, and crisper stirs once by cool stratification every 7d up and down; The husky bed of seed germination experiment will remain that surface is not dry, will spray water when namely sandy soil slightly turn white.General dormant seed cool stratification vernalization 5 DEG C ~ 8 DEG C; Other seeds arrange 20 ~ 25 DEG C of germinations.
The mouldy rate adopting the seed of the method for above-described embodiment is 0.8%, and germination rate is 76%, and what the present embodiment adopted is that short column clematis seed carries out testing.
Embodiment 3
Prevent an indoor germination test method for the mold of seed, comprise the following steps:
1) seed disinfection: seed is loaded in seed mesh bag and rinse 1h with clear water, formaldehyde 500 times of immersions bubble 12h, then sterile water wash 5 times after 10% hypochlorite disinfectant l0min;
2) plastic gloves sterilization is for subsequent use: formaldehyde 500 times of immersions bubble 12h, then sterile water wash 5 times after 10% hypochlorite disinfectant l0min;
3) river sand autoclave sterilization: two-layer with newspaper parcel after the river sand clear water not containing hazardous substance, sieve being rinsed 1h, puts into high-pressure sterilizing pot and naturally cool to room temperature after 150 DEG C of autoclave sterilization 30min; River sand particle diameter is 0.05 ~ 0.08 millimeter;
4) dormant seed needs cold stratification: the river sand watering can of sterilizing is added sterile water spray moist, wet husky water content is 70%, reach hand pinch agglomerating, let go and namely fall apart, seed after sterilization mixes in the ratio of 1:4 with wet husky, puts into the crisper with the knob of control pore opening on lid that alcohol disinfecting crosses; Seed accounts for crisper less than 2/3 with wet husky volume, and the aperture of pore opening pore when cold stratification is 1/5; When step 6) later stage germinates, pore should aperture be 1/3;
5) sow: water content be 70% wet husky thickness rest in 2 ~ 4cm, broadcast after seed and cover the thick loose wet sand of 1 ~ 2cm;
6) the artificial intelligence climatic chamber of sterilizing then is put into, it is temperature required that the temperature of phytotron is set to seed germination experiment according to Tree Seeds Test code GB2772-1999, humidity is 55%, illumination 12h, and crisper stirs once by cool stratification every 7d up and down; The husky bed of seed germination experiment will remain that surface is not dry, will spray water when namely sandy soil slightly turn white.General dormant seed cool stratification vernalization 5 DEG C ~ 8 DEG C; Other seeds arrange 20 ~ 25 DEG C of germinations.
The mouldy rate adopting the seed of the method for above-described embodiment is 1%, and germination rate is 75%, and what the present embodiment adopted is that short column clematis seed carries out testing.
Claims (6)
1. prevent an indoor germination test method for the mold of seed, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) seed disinfection: seed is loaded in seed mesh bag and rinse 45min ~ 1h with clear water, medicining liquid dipping 12 ~ 18h, then sterile water wash 3 ~ 5 times after 10% hypochlorite disinfectant l0 ~ 15min, cleans up;
2) plastic gloves sterilization is for subsequent use: the same seed disinfection of method, and can carry out with seed disinfection simultaneously;
3) river sand autoclave sterilization: two-layer with newspaper parcel after the river sand clear water not containing hazardous substance, sieve being rinsed 45min ~ 1h, puts into high-pressure sterilizing pot and naturally cool to room temperature after 130 ~ 170 DEG C of autoclave sterilization 30 ~ 45min;
4) dormant seed needs cold stratification: the river sand watering can of sterilizing is added sterile water spray moist, wet husky water content is 60% ~ 80%, reach hand pinch agglomerating, let go and namely fall apart, seed after sterilization mixes in the ratio of 1:3 ~ 5 with wet husky, puts into the crisper with the knob of control pore opening on lid that alcohol disinfecting crosses;
5) sow: water content be 60% ~ 80% wet husky thickness rest in 2 ~ 4cm, broadcast after seed and cover the thick loose wet sand of 1 ~ 2cm;
6) the artificial intelligence climatic chamber of sterilizing then is put into, it is temperature required that the temperature of phytotron is set to seed germination experiment according to Tree Seeds Test code GB2772-1999, humidity is 50% ~ 55%, illumination 12h, and crisper stirs once by cool stratification every 7d up and down; The husky bed of seed germination experiment will remain that surface is not dry, will spray water when namely sandy soil slightly turn white.
2. a kind of indoor germination test method preventing the mold of seed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the river sand particle diameter in described step 3) is 0.05 ~ 0.08 millimeter.
3. a kind of indoor germination test method preventing the mold of seed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 4) seed accounts for crisper less than 2/3 ~ 1/2 with wet husky volume.
4. a kind of indoor germination test method preventing the mold of seed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the general dormant seed cool stratification vernalization in described step 6) 5 DEG C ~ 8 DEG C; Other seeds arrange 20 ~ 25 DEG C of germinations.
5. a kind of indoor germination test method preventing the mold of seed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the aperture of described step 4) pore opening pore when cold stratification is 1/5 ~ 1/4; When step 6) later stage germinates, pore should aperture be 1/3 ~ 1/2.
6. a kind of indoor germination test method preventing the mold of seed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described thimerosal is the one in tpn 500 times of liquid or potassium permanganate 500 times of liquid or formaldehyde 500 times of liquid.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105794616A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-07-27 | 中喜生态产业股份有限公司 | Seed nutrient solution cultivation method |
| CN110915512A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-03-27 | 江西环境工程职业学院 | Seedling raising method for controlling roots of castanea mollissima tannin extracts through efficient bacteriostasis |
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| CN101341817A (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2009-01-14 | 东北林业大学 | Method for improving germination rate of aralia mandshrica seed |
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| CN101341817A (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2009-01-14 | 东北林业大学 | Method for improving germination rate of aralia mandshrica seed |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105794616A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-07-27 | 中喜生态产业股份有限公司 | Seed nutrient solution cultivation method |
| CN110915512A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-03-27 | 江西环境工程职业学院 | Seedling raising method for controlling roots of castanea mollissima tannin extracts through efficient bacteriostasis |
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