CN105073582A - 制造包装的方法、包装材料的幅材、包装和填充机 - Google Patents

制造包装的方法、包装材料的幅材、包装和填充机 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105073582A
CN105073582A CN201480019072.9A CN201480019072A CN105073582A CN 105073582 A CN105073582 A CN 105073582A CN 201480019072 A CN201480019072 A CN 201480019072A CN 105073582 A CN105073582 A CN 105073582A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
packing
web
pipe
longitudinal axis
packaging
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Granted
Application number
CN201480019072.9A
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English (en)
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CN105073582B (zh
Inventor
马蒂亚斯·伦纳特松
莫滕·安德松
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/10—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs
    • B65B9/20—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the webs being formed into tubes in situ around the filling nozzles
    • B65B9/2056—Machines for packages of special type or form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • B29C66/43129—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams said flat seams being transversal but non-orthogonal with respect to the tubular or hollow articles, i.e. oblique
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/26—Devices specially adapted for producing transverse or longitudinal seams in webs or tubes
    • B65B51/30—Devices, e.g. jaws, for applying pressure and heat, e.g. for subdividing filled tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/26—Devices specially adapted for producing transverse or longitudinal seams in webs or tubes
    • B65B51/30—Devices, e.g. jaws, for applying pressure and heat, e.g. for subdividing filled tubes
    • B65B51/303—Devices, e.g. jaws, for applying pressure and heat, e.g. for subdividing filled tubes reciprocating along only one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/26—Devices specially adapted for producing transverse or longitudinal seams in webs or tubes
    • B65B51/30—Devices, e.g. jaws, for applying pressure and heat, e.g. for subdividing filled tubes
    • B65B51/306—Counter-rotating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/10—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs
    • B65B9/12—Subdividing filled tubes to form two or more packages by sealing or securing involving displacement of contents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/10—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs
    • B65B9/20—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the webs being formed into tubes in situ around the filling nozzles
    • B65B9/207—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the webs being formed into tubes in situ around the filling nozzles the web advancing continuously
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/10—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs
    • B65B9/20—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the webs being formed into tubes in situ around the filling nozzles
    • B65B9/213—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the webs being formed into tubes in situ around the filling nozzles the web having intermittent motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
    • B65D75/40—Packages formed by enclosing successive articles, or increments of material, in webs, e.g. folded or tubular webs, or by subdividing tubes filled with liquid, semi-liquid, or plastic materials
    • B65D75/44—Individual packages cut from webs or tubes
    • B65D75/48—Individual packages cut from webs or tubes containing liquids, semiliquids, or pastes, e.g. cushion-shaped packages
    • B65D75/50—Tetrahedral packages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3604—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3656—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being a layer of a multilayer part to be joined, e.g. for joining plastic-metal laminates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3672—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3676—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B29C65/368—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being metallic with a polymer coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
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    • B29C66/22—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns
    • B29C66/223—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns being in the form of a triangle wave or of a sawtooth wave, e.g. zigzagged
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4322—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/81463—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint
    • B29C66/81465—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint one placed behind the other in a single row in the feed direction
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    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种从用于液体食品的包装材料的管制造包装的方法，其包括以下步骤：将包装材料的平坦幅材(10)重构成圆筒形的管，在第一方向(Z)上馈送所述包装材料的管，用液体食品填充所述管，以规则的间隔将所述管横向密封成单独的包装容积，其中每间隔一个的横向密封的纵轴(Y1，Y3)互相平行，并且每一个相邻的横向密封的纵轴(Y1，Y2)互相垂直，并且其中每一个横向密封的纵轴(Y1，Y2，Y3)与正交于所述包装材料的管的所述纵轴(Z)的平面成介于15-30°之间的范围的角度。本发明还涉及在方法中使用的包装材料，用该方法生产的包装，以及执行该方法的灌装机。

Description

制造包装的方法、包装材料的幅材、包装和填充机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制造包装的方法，特别涉及从包装材料的管制造四面体包装的方法。本发明还涉及用于执行所述制造方法的包装材料的幅材。本发明还涉及以所述制造方法制备的包装，以及用于实施所述方法的灌装机。
背景技术
用于液体食品的包装已经制造了许多年。其中被用于制造常温配送和储运的第一无菌包装中的一种是Tetra包装-四面体状的包装。该包装通过从不同的垂直方向交替地横向密封包装材料的管来制成。然而，四面体包装在现代分销链中有些难以以空间高效的方式进行包装，并且通常需要待开发适于处理特定的形状的特定的二次包装。如今，包装往往成形为类似矩形长方体，因而这些包装在空间上非常有效。然而，它们不提供任何包装的演化。
在US3925959中，示出了用于获得不规则四面体包装的制造过程。这些包装被制成两个镜像版本，并且六个这样的包装可以合并用以创建立方体。但是，该制造方法需要制备包装的第一个版本，并复位用于制造包装的镜像版本的机器，或者替代地使用两个不同的机器。这是耗时的或昂贵的，并且在任何情况下都是繁琐的。
发明内容
因此，本发明的一个目的是通过引入根据权利要求1所述的制造方法减轻或缓解现有技术中的至少一些问题，其中所述方法包括下列步骤：a)将包装材料的平坦幅材(10)重构成圆筒形的管，b)在第一方向(Z)上馈送所述包装材料的管，c)用液体食品填充所述管，d)以规则的间隔将所述管横向密封成单独的包装容积，其中每间隔一个的横向密封的纵轴(Y1，Y3)互相平行，并且每一个相邻的横向密封的纵轴(Y1，Y2)互相垂直，e)并且其中每一个横向密封的纵轴(Y1，Y2，Y3)与正交于所述包装材料的管的纵轴(Z)的平面成介于15-30°之间的范围的角度。利用这种方法，包装被形成使得可以空间高效的方式进行包装。
在本发明的另一个方面，每一个横向密封的所述纵轴(Y1，Y2，Y3)与正交于所述包装材料的管的所述纵轴(Z)的平面成介于20-25°之间的范围的角度。
本发明还提供用于实施权利要求1所述的方法的包装材料的幅材，所述包装材料具有特别适于根据权利要求1所述的方法制造的印迹。
在本发明的另一个方面，包装材料的幅材的印迹被如此设计使得将是第一横向密封的一部分的第一区域(30)包括：右部(30a)，其相对于正交于所述幅材(10)的进给方向(v)的幅材(10)的横向方向成角度-20至-25°，中部(30b)，其相对于所述幅材的横向方向成角度20至25°，和左部(30c)，其相对于所述幅材的横向方向成角度-20至-25°，以及将是第二横向密封的一部分的第二区域(40)包括：右部(40a)，其相对于所述幅材的横向方向成角度20至25°，中部(40b)，其相对于所述幅材的横向方向成角度-20至-25°，和左部(40c)，其相对于所述幅材的横向方向成角度20至25°。
在本发明的另一个方面，所述幅材被配置为使得当横向于所述幅材的右边缘(11)测量时，所述第二区域(40)的所述右部(40a)相比于所述第一区域(30)的所述右部(30a)进一步延伸距离(X)进入所述幅材，并且所述距离(X)和所述幅材(10)的宽度(w)之间的比率为约0.20至0.22。
在本发明的另一个方面，包装材料的幅材的印迹被配置为使得将形成等腰三角形的所述面板类似于水果或蔬菜的外部，而其他面板类似于相同的水果或蔬菜的内部。
在本发明的另一个方面，提供由权利要求1所述的方法制造的包装。
在本发明的另一个方面，提供执行根据权利要求1所述的方法的灌装机。
附图说明
当与附图一起阅读时将更加容易理解本发明的描述，其中
图1-2是根据本发明的包装的透视图，
图3是根据本发明的第一和第二包装的顶视图，
图4-6是包装如何可组装成组的分解图，
图7-8是根据本发明的包装材料的平面图，
图9-10是在根据本发明的制造过程的不同方向上的透视图，
图11是根据现有技术的制造过程的透视图，以及
图12是双倍宽度幅材的包装材料的平面示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一种制造四面体包装的新方法。在图1示意性地显示用于液体食品的包装1。这是具有平坦的侧板和不同的边缘的理想化的包装，但是应当理解的是，在实际的机器中制造时实际的包装稍微不同于该理想的形状。侧板通常会稍微向外隆出，并且边缘会稍微成圆形。
在图1中，所示的包装1从层合纸板的平坦幅材制成，典型地层合纸板包括用于给包装提供一定的刚度的内部纸板芯，以及内部和外部的聚合物层。内部聚合物层使得包装液体密封并保护纸板层，并进一步提供将包装热密封成其最终形状的装置。外部层保护纸板免受来自环境的湿气的影响。在一些情况下，也可以将铝层设置在所述层合材料中，通常在纸板层的内部，以保护食品免受氧和/或光的影响。铝层通常覆盖有最内聚合物层。
包装1具有定义包装的内部空间的四个拐角A、B、C和D，包装1的容纳物将包封在该内部空间中。所述包装具有四个利用拐角标记的横向边缘，即ab、ac、bd、cd，和两个端部边缘，ad和bc。两个端部翼片2和3从所述端部边缘突出。包装1具有四个侧板，由定义它们的拐角来标记，即ABC、ACD、ABD和BCD。
根据本发明的包装1的形状类似于不规则的四面体。每个横向板ABC、ACD、ABD和BCD是直角三角形(在图1中在拐角A和B所示)。此外，两个面板ABC和ABD是具有相同尺寸并具有共同的边缘ab的直角等腰三角形。其他两个面板ACD和BCD也具有相同的尺寸，它们共用斜边cd。
在图2中，包装1被示出具有从端部翼片2延伸到端部翼片3的纵向密封4。以在成形-填充-密封机中或者在由申请人制造的那种无菌灌装机(如Tetra/Flex或者Tetra)中常见的方式，在平坦幅材形成管子的过程中形成纵向密封4，然后将包装用产品填充并分成单个包装。
上述定义的包装1可以以两种方式形成，第一种是第二种的镜像。在图3中，左侧示出第一包装1a，右侧示出具有第一包装1a的镜像形状的第二包装1b。将三个包装，即两个第一包装1a和第二包装1b，组合成三角形棱柱是可行的，参见图4-6。两个这样的三角棱柱可以组合成立方体。立方体可以通过以下两种方式形成：1)组合两组1a-1b-1a棱柱，或2)组合一组1a-1b-1a组棱柱与一组1b-1a-1b。在第二种情况下，采用相同的量的第一1a包装和第二1b包装。
将首先描述制造四面体包装件的现有技术的方法。在图11中示出了用于制造四面体包装的概念性的灌装机100。在机器100中，包装材料的卷轴101被设置在卷线轴上，包装材料被引出作为平坦的包装材料的连续幅材102。包装材料被引导围绕芯轴103，管104也被设置通过芯轴103。芯轴有助于将包装材料的幅材塑形成包装材料的管106，包装材料的幅材102的相对边缘是重叠的，并且由纵向密封单元105密封在一起。纵向密封单元105或者是热空气喷嘴，其用温热无菌空气加热相对边缘，或者是电感器，其通过产生高频磁场经由感应在铝箔上的电流来加热包装材料的相对边缘。包装材料的内边缘设置有塑料条，以覆盖包装材料的内部纸板芯。这通常是在较早阶段，在形成管之前执行。在纵向密封之后，整个内表面被聚合物材料覆盖。
现在密封的包装材料的管用通过管104的液体食品填充。管106的填充液面可以通过具有在管106内设有浮标(例如，附着在充填管的外部)来监控，或者也可以通过其位置从外部检测的自由浮动的物体来监控。
包装材料的填充管现在由密封夹爪横向密封。在图11中，使上部密封夹爪107与包装材料的管106接触，并因而使所述管扁平。由加热的夹爪107产生的热量(或者通过直接加热或通过感应加热)加热管106的内部上的聚合物材料，来自密封夹爪107的压力使内表面彼此粘合。在第一密封夹爪107下游，可以看出密封夹爪109接触管106。如图11所示，密封夹爪109产生的横向密封垂直于由密封夹爪107产生的横向密封。在密封夹爪107和109之间形成的包装是具有彼此正交的顶部翼片和底部翼片的四面体。在操作中，密封夹爪107、109向下移动，将更多的包装材料进给到芯轴和管形成部分。然后密封夹爪107由密封夹爪108代替，密封夹爪108在与密封夹爪107操作的方向正交的方向上操作。还指示密封夹爪110在密封夹爪109操作的位置上操作，其中，密封夹爪110在与密封夹爪108操作的方向正交的方向上操作。以这种方式，执行彼此正交的交替的横向密封。密封夹爪107-110都进一步正交于包装材料的管的纵向方向。如今，通过使若干成形环作用在包装材料的外部而逐渐将平坦幅材成形成管而不是使内芯轴作用在包装材料的内侧来进行包装材料的管形成。
现在将描述制造本发明的包装的方法。在图7中，给出是如上所述的层合型的包装材料的幅材10的一部分。使包装材料的平坦幅材通过成形部分(未示出)，其中幅材被成形为包装材料的圆筒形管。如图7中所示，幅材的右手部分包括通常不覆盖有任何印迹的区域。这一重叠区域5用于在管成型过程中被包装材料的左手侧的一部分覆盖。重叠边缘以本身已知的方式被密封在一起，已知的方式通常是加热重叠边缘然后将它们压在一起。重叠区域5通常设置有塑料带(未示出)，其被密封到重叠区域5的内表面，并且其从右手边缘突出。该带用于以本身已知的方式覆盖包装材料的内部纸板边缘，否则该边缘会吸收在包装1a、1b的内侧的液体食品。
在图7中，要生产的包装1a、1b的不同侧板的边缘用细虚线标记。示出的结构从包装材料的一个管交替地提供第一包装1a和第二包装1b。第一包装1a的边缘和其拐角被更详细地标记。包装机的密封夹爪将以角度进行操作，角度由α和β角表示，相对于垂直于包装材料的管的纵轴的线为约22.5°。第一包装1a的虚线针对第二包装1b重复，但这些线现在沿纵轴成镜像。在图8可更详细看出，其中将形成横向密封区域的部分的区域被标记为散列区域。
在图8中，将形成横向密封区域的两个连续的区域30、40被表示为散列区域。然后，在整个包装材料的幅材10将重复这种图案。在图8中，包装材料的输送方向用箭头v表示。这意味着第一区域30在第二区域40之前被密封在一起，如图8所示。现在将详细地描述这些区域30、40，如从包装材料的外面并在进给方向v的方向上观察所见到的。这意味着在图8的左侧将示出右边缘11，在图8的右侧将示出左边缘12。
第一区域30包括三个部分：右部30a，其从包装材料的右边缘11开始，相对于垂直于进给方向v的线成角度-22.5°；中央部30b，其成角度22.5°；以及左部30c，其成角度-22.5°。左部30c的端部与右部30a的开始部在相同的水平，这是有意的，因为当平坦的材料形成管时这些部件将密封在一起。中央部30b对应于最终横向密封的全长，以及30a和30c的总和对应于横向密封的全长，并且在操作期间这些部分将被密封夹爪夹在一起(30b与30a+3c在一起)。
第二区域40也包括三个部分：右部40a，其从右边缘11起，相对于垂直于进给方向v的线成角度22.5°；中部40b，其成角度-22.5°；和左部40c，其成角度22.5°。左部40c结束于与右部40a的开始时相同的水平，以便使这些区域在管成型过程中相互匹配。第一区域30的右部30a比第二区域40的右部40a短。第一区域30的中部30b具有与第二区域40的中部40b的长度相同的长度，第一区域30的左部30c长于第二区域40的左部40c。
因此，第二区域40的右部40a相比于第一区域30的右部30a从包装材料的幅材10的右手边缘11进一步延伸。延伸距离(即在垂直于右边缘11方向上测量的右部40a和30a的延伸的差值)被表示为X。距离X和包装材料的宽度(不包括重叠区域)之间的比率为约0.21。相应地，相比于第一区域30的左部30c，第二区域40的左部40c从幅材的右边缘12延伸较少。
即使图7中所示的虚线通常在这种类型的包装的包装材料上不可见，但如果包装材料适于制造这类包装那么这将容易验证。一个标志是将作为横向密封区的未印刷区域(Z字形线)。另一个标志是，在包装上的印迹旨在根据不规则四面体形包装的最终形状被突出显示。一直被考虑的一种设计理念是使得在面板上具有特别的水果或蔬菜印迹。为了模仿真实的水果或蔬菜，将形成立方体的外侧壁的面板，即成形为等腰三角形的面板，然后将印刷水果或蔬菜的外部的图像，而将朝向立方体的中心的面板将具有对应于相同的水果或蔬菜的内部的印迹。然后单个包装会看起来像水果或蔬菜的段或片。还可以设想其他物品，在成形为等腰三角形面板上的印迹显示物品的外侧，而在其他面板上的印迹示出物品的内部。
现在参考图9，成对的密封夹爪被安装用于朝向和远离彼此往复运动，如用在每个夹爪上的箭头所指示的。一对夹爪当朝向彼此移动时起作用以压缩和平坦化包装材料的管以便将包装材料的相对的内表面粘合在一起以实现管状材料沿与管状材料的纵轴Z相交的接缝线或密封轴的密封。相邻的成对夹爪被定向使得它们相遇并在彼此垂直的平面(即Y1垂直于Y2)上进行密封，而灌装机的交替(每隔一个)爪夹操作以在相同的平面(即Y1平行于Y3)内实现密封。为了实现包装1a、1b的独特的不规则四面体形状，当每对夹爪相对于彼此移动和远离时它们也被如此定向，以处在与包装材料的管的长度具有预定角度关系的平面中，使得由每对夹爪获得的横向密封的纵轴Y1至Y4具有相同的相对于包装材料的管的纵轴Z的所述预定角度关系。相比于现有技术的方法，如在图11中可以看出的，每个密封夹爪相比于传统使用的密封夹爪成角度22.5°。这将导致横向密封将有相对于正交于包装材料的管的纵轴的平面成角度22.5°的纵轴Yn。
沿包装材料的管的纵轴测量的一对夹爪彼此的纵向间距是均匀的。在制备包装1a、1b的过程中，在密封夹爪的中心之间测量的相邻的成对夹爪之间的间距是由成对夹爪的操作造成的接缝或密封线的长度的约1.4倍。然而，该间距取决于密封区的宽度。横向密封Yn的纵轴与正交于包装材料的管的纵轴的平面之间的倾斜角约为22.5°。在密封步骤过程中，夹爪20a、20c、20e沿相同的平面以相同的角度执行相同的运动。夹爪20b、20d沿相同的平面以相同的角度执行相同的运动，但朝包装材料的管运动的方向垂直于夹爪20a、20c、20e的往复运动。这意味着，横向密封的用夹爪20a、20c、20形成的横向密封的平面垂直于用夹爪20b、20d形成的横向密封的平面。
在图9中，包装材料的管的纵向中心轴线Z已被安排成在正常生产中是竖直的。用成对的密封夹爪制成的所有的横向密封与所述纵轴相交，并且所述轴线Z也位于与横向密封的平面相同的平面上。横向密封因此位于通过中心轴的垂直平面上。横向密封的纵轴Yn相对于垂直于管的纵向方向的平面成角度22.5°。由Y1和Z限定的平面垂直于由Y2和Z限定的平面。观察如由密封部夹爪20a所制成的顶部横向密封，当从左至右沿着密封或在进入绘图的方向上时，密封成角度22.5°向上。观察下一个由密封部夹爪20a所制成的横向密封，当从右至左沿着密封或在进入绘图的方向上时，密封也成角度22.5°向上。
利用这种夹爪结构，第一包装1a和作为第一包装的镜像版本的第二包装1b在连续的过程中一个接着一个交替地制成。
图9仅是夹爪系统的示意图。该夹爪系统可以通过使用两对链组件来实现，在链组件上可安装许多夹爪。这是用于制造Tetra包装的灌装机器的典型的配置。夹爪系统也可以由只具有由一些驱动装置(类似于在TetraPakA3/Flex灌装机或TBA/19灌装机中使用的)驱动的两对夹爪来实现。在这种情况下，标号20a、20c、20e是指相同的夹爪，而标号20b、20d是指相同的夹爪，而它们在其中将做横向密封的位置处显示。
当然应该理解的是，制成跨过包装材料的管的横向密封的每对夹爪20a-e在相同的操作中制成单独的包装1a、1b中的一个的顶部密封边缘和另一单独的包装1b、1a的底部密封边缘，随后通过任何合适的装置(未示出)将包装材料的管大致沿每个横向密封的中线切割以将带材分成单独包装1a、1b。在图9中，似乎包装材料的管是静止的，而夹爪在不同的位置进行横向密封。然而，这不是在正常生产下的情况，其中，每个密封夹爪与包装材料的管在几乎恒定的位置(沿Z的位置)接触，并且然后将管下拉以允许新的密封夹爪在与之前的夹爪的位置相同的沿Z的位置再次进行横向密封。在管上的密封夹爪的这种拉动作将包装材料的幅材馈送通过机器。有时，在灌装机较远的上游处设置额外的进给辊，以减少在幅材中的张力。
在图10中，从与图9所示方向不同的方向示出相同的包装材料的管。
在图12中，示出显示最终的包装的位置和边缘的图案，并且这里的图案在横向方向上重复两次。这意味着，幅材的宽度现在是用于制造包装材料的管所需要的宽度的两倍。显示了两个直的虚线，并且它们之间的距离w对应于包装材料的正常宽度，不包括重叠区域。由此可以看出，该两条直线之间的图案配合在一起，使得密封区域30、40将以管的形式对齐。
如果两条线向左或向右移动，而不改变其之间的距离w，这将对应于在图9中所示的夹爪系统内扭转所述管。如果在夹爪系统的内扭转管，这会因此影响纵向密封将在最终包装上结束的位置，即沿虚线直线结束的位置。有可能扭转管并仍制备功能包装，但在某些区域中可能存在问题。如果扭转包装材料的管10，使得虚线穿过第一区域30和第二区域40的右部30a、40a和中部30b、40b之间的过渡部分，纵向密封将位于包装的拐角-这是可行的，但应避免。
设想用于执行如上所述的方法的灌装机。该灌装机将包括与市场上现有的灌装机类似的特征，如用于Tetra无菌包装的Tetra灌装机。这个新灌装机相对于Tetra机器的主要区别是，当包装材料的管在操作期间被馈送时，密封夹爪相对于与包装材料的管的纵向方向正交的平面成角度20-25°，或22.5°。
权利要求书(按照条约第19条的修改)
1.一种从用于液体食品的包装材料的管制造包装的方法，其包括下列步骤：
a)将包装材料的平坦幅材(10)重构成圆筒形的管，
b)在所述管的纵向方向(Z)上馈送所述包装材料的管，
c)用液体食品填充所述管，
d)以规则的间隔将所述管横向密封成单独的包装体积，其中每间隔一个的横向密封的纵轴(Y1，Y3)互相平行，并且每一个相邻的横向密封的纵轴(Y1，Y2)互相垂直，
e)并且其中每一个横向密封的纵轴(Y1，Y2，Y3)与正交于所述包装材料的管的所述纵轴(Z)的平面成介于15-30°之间的范围的角度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中每个横向密封的所述纵轴(Y1，Y2，Y3)与正交于所述包装材料的管的所述纵轴(Z)的平面成介于20-25°之间的角度。
3.一种具有印迹的包装材料的幅材(10)，所述幅材适于被重构为具有对应于管的进给方向(v)的纵轴(Z)的圆筒形管，并适于被以规则的间隔横向密封成单独的包装容积，其中每间隔一个的横向密封的纵轴(Y1，Y3)互相平行，并且每一个相邻的横向密封的纵轴(Y1，Y2)互相垂直，并且其中每一个横向密封的纵轴(Y1，Y2，Y3)与正交于所述包装材料的管的所述纵轴(Z)的平面成介于20-25°之间的范围的角度，其中，所述印迹相应地包括将是第一横向密封的一部分的第一区域(30)以及将是第二横向密封的一部分的第二部分(40)，所述第一区域(30)包括：右部(30a)，其相对于正交于所述幅材(10)的进给方向(v)的所述幅材(10)的横向方向成角度-20至-25°，中部(30b)，其相对于所述幅材的横向方向成角度20至25°，和左部(30c)，其相对于所述幅材的横向方向成角度-20至-25°，所述第二部分(40)包括：右部(40a)，其相对于所述幅材的横向方向成角度20至25°，中部(40b)，其相对于所述幅材的横向方向成角度-20至-25°，和左部(40c)，其相对于所述幅材的横向方向成角度20至25°。
4.根据权利要求3所述的幅材(10)，其中当横向于所述幅材的右边缘(11)测量时，所述第二区域(40)的所述右部(40a)相比于所述第一区域(30)的所述右部(30a)进一步延伸距离(X)进入所述幅材，并且所述距离(X)和所述幅材(10)的宽度(w)之间的比率为约0.20至0.22。
5.根据权利要求3-4中任一项所述的包装材料的幅材，其中将形成等腰三角形的面板上的印迹类似于水果或蔬菜的外部，而在其他面板上的印迹类似于相同的水果或蔬菜的内部。
6.一种根据权利要求1所述的方法制造的四面体包装。
7.一种用于生产液体食品包装的灌装机，所述灌装机包括：
形成部分，其用于将包装材料的平坦幅材(10)重构成圆筒形的管，
管道，其用于用液体食品填充所述管，以及
至少第一成对的密封夹爪和至少第二成对的密封夹爪，其用于以规则的间隔将所述管横向密封成单独的包装容积，并用于在所述管的纵向方向(Z)上馈送所述包装材料的管，
其中所述至少第一成对的密封夹爪密封每间隔一个的横向密封，以及所述至少第二密封夹爪对密封每一个相邻的横向密封，并且其中所述密封夹爪对被布置成使得每间隔一个的横向密封的纵轴(Y1，Y3)互相平行，以及每一个相邻的横向密封的纵轴(Y1，Y2)互相垂直，并且其中每一个横向密封的纵轴(Y1，Y2，Y3)与正交于所述包装材料的管的所述纵轴(Z)的平面成介于15-30°之间的范围的角度。

Claims (8)

1.一种从用于液体食品的包装材料的管制造包装的方法，其包括下列步骤：
a)将包装材料的平坦幅材(10)重构成圆筒形的管，
b)在所述管的纵向方向(Z)上馈送所述包装材料的管，
c)用液体食品填充所述管，
d)以规则的间隔将所述管横向密封成单独的包装体积，其中每间隔一个的横向密封的纵轴(Y1，Y3)互相平行，并且每一个相邻的横向密封的纵轴(Y1，Y2)互相垂直，
e)并且其中每一个横向密封的纵轴(Y1，Y2，Y3)与正交于所述包装材料的管的所述纵轴(Z)的平面成介于15-30°之间的范围的角度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中每个横向密封的所述纵轴(Y1，Y2，Y3)与正交于所述包装材料的管的所述纵轴(Z)的平面成介于20-25°之间的角度。
3.一种包装材料的幅材(10)，其具有适于根据权利要求1所述的方法来制备的印迹。
4.根据权利要求3所述的包装材料的幅材(10)，其中将是第一横向密封的一部分的第一区域(30)包括：右部(30a)，其相对于正交于所述幅材(10)的进给方向(v)的所述幅材(10)的横向方向成角度-20至-25°，中部(30b)，其相对于所述幅材的横向方向成角度20至25°，和左部(30c)，其相对于所述幅材的横向方向成角度-20至-25°，以及将是第二横向密封的一部分的第二部分(40)包括：右部(40a)，其相对于所述幅材的横向方向成角度20至25°，中部(40b)，其相对于所述幅材的横向方向成角度-20至-25°，和左部(40c)，其相对于所述幅材的横向方向成角度20至25°。
5.根据权利要求4所述的幅材(10)，其中当横向于所述幅材的右边缘(11)测量时，所述第二区域(40)的所述右部(40a)相比于所述第一区域(30)的所述右部(30a)进一步延伸距离(X)进入所述幅材，并且所述距离(X)和所述幅材(10)的宽度(w)之间的比率为约0.20至0.22。
6.根据权利要求3-5中任一项所述的包装材料的幅材，其中将形成等腰三角形的面板上的印迹类似于水果或蔬菜的外部，而在其他面板上的印迹类似于相同的水果或蔬菜的内部。
7.一种根据权利要求1所述的方法制造的包装。
8.一种用于生产液体食品包装的灌装机，其执行根据权利要求1所述的方法。
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JP2016517830A (ja) 2016-06-20
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BR112015021694A2 (pt) 2017-07-18
CN105073582B (zh) 2017-03-22
WO2014154623A1 (en) 2014-10-02
JP6293863B2 (ja) 2018-03-14
EP2978673A1 (en) 2016-02-03
RU2653072C2 (ru) 2018-05-07
US10315790B2 (en) 2019-06-11

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