CN105064972A - Liquid gun propellant capsule and high-energy gas fracturing process using liquid gun propellant capsule - Google Patents
Liquid gun propellant capsule and high-energy gas fracturing process using liquid gun propellant capsule Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a liquid gun propellant capsule and a high-energy gas fracturing process using the liquid gun propellant capsule. Liquid gun propellant is sealed and stored in a capsule case; then, a plurality of liquid gun propellant capsules are sequentially connected through a center pipe and connecting pipes to form a liquid gun propellant capsule fracture bomb; then, a cable is used for conveying the liquid gun propellant capsule fracture bomb to a target layer section; the liquid gun propellant is ignited through an igniter; the heat transfer of high temperature generated through combustion of the ignited liquid gun propellant is realized through a center aluminum pipe, so that the high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas energy acts on target layer rocks through the ignited liquid gun propellant; and the fracturing operation is realized. The existing form of the liquid gun propellant is changed; the existing fracturing process is also improved; the effect on an unconventional oil and gas reservoir with low seepage, high compactness and high stratum cracking-pressure or great stratum stress difference coefficients is obvious; the large-range complicated fracture network fracturing transformation can be realized; the stratum cracking pressure and the ground stress difference coefficients are greatly reduced; the oil and gas drainage area is increased; and the oil and gas yield is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the high enegry gas fracturing technique of a kind of liquid gun propellant capsule and using liquid gunpowder capsule, belong to oil gas field reservoir fracturing improvement technical field.
Background technology
At present, high enegry gas fracturing and composite fracturing renovation technique thereof at home and abroad oil gas field are widely used, and achieve good benefit.This technology is mainly divided into solid gunpowder high enegry gas fracturing and liquid gun propellant high enegry gas fracturing, the former is widely used at present and technology is ripe, although the latter has obvious advantage relative to the former firing in effective acting time, fracturing reform length and the technical indicator such as scale, material cost, present stage still rests on the field test stage.The patent No. is 200410026187.9, and the Chinese invention patent of denomination of invention " gas-oil layer liquid gunpowder fracturing method and device thereof " discloses liquid gun propellant high enegry gas fracturing formula and the construction technology of current main flow.Present stage liquid gun propellant High-Energy Gas Fracturing Technology to apply less main cause as follows:
1, liquid gun propellant is complicated relative to solid gunpowder transportation, and transport and handling safety require high, and confined condition is many.
2, liquid gun propellant configuration flow is loaded down with trivial details, and needs scene is configured, and because its layoutprocedure is the endothermic reaction, separately needs the equipment such as boiler car and radiator to carry out heating to accelerate the process of making up a prescription, adds construction cost and time.
3, liquid gun propellant high enegry gas fracturing working procedure is complicated.Separately need configuration isolation liquid, displacement fluid, process need lower oil tube of going into the well, then pump into insulating liquid, liquid gun propellant, insulating liquid and displacement fluid successively with pump truck.This construction process time is oversize, and operation is too much.
4, the safety requirements of liquid gun propellant high enegry gas fracturing construction to operation and igniting is higher than solid gunpowder high enegry gas fracturing, and its danger coefficient is also larger on the contrary.
5, liquid gun propellant is soluble in water, goes into the well in process, misoperation or occur accident just can by pressure gear liquid dilute, and then lost efficacy, cause it to be constructed into power lower.
6, the prerequisite that liquid gun propellant High-Energy Gas Fracturing Technology can carry out applying is that liquid gun propellant, insulating liquid and pressure gear liquid is because of density and the layering under gravity of hydrophily difference, thus it can not to be applied to by mud as hole conditions such as the pressure gear super high pressure oil gas well of liquid and horizontal wells, is of limited application.
Comprehensive above-mentioned reason is known, liquid gun propellant High-Energy Gas Fracturing Technology is applied limited basic reason and is complicated powder charge and working procedure, thus need badly and simplify and improve its powder charge process and construction technology process, to promoting on-the-spot application quantity and the range of application of this technology.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention has redesigned liquid gun propellant powder charge flow process and form, and greatly simplifies and improve the site construction technology of this technology.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of liquid gun propellant capsule, described liquid gun propellant capsule comprises capsule shells, sealing-plug and the sealed storage liquid gun propellant in capsule shells, described capsule shells comprises the through hole that runs through capsule shells, and described capsule shells is provided with medicine-pouring hole, and described sealing-plug is plugged in medicine-pouring hole.
Preferably, the two ends of described through hole are provided with internal thread.
Preferably, described liquid gun propellant capsule also comprises central tube, and the two ends of described central tube are provided with external screw thread, and described central tube runs through through hole and is connected with through hole whorl.
Preferably, described sealing-plug is screw, and described medicine-pouring hole is provided with internal thread, and described screw is threaded with medicine-pouring hole.
Preferably, the profile of described capsule shells is hollow circular cylinder, and described through hole runs through the axis of central cylinder.
A kind of liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet, comprise multiple liquid gun propellant capsule, tube connector, igniter and tail be connected to block up, the two ends of described tube connector connect adjacent two central tubes running through liquid gun propellant capsule respectively, described igniter is arranged at the top running through top liquid gun propellant capsule central tube, and described tail blocks up the bottom being arranged at and running through lowermost end liquid gun propellant capsule central tube.
Preferably, the two ends of described tube connector are provided with internal thread, and described tube connector is threaded with central tube.
Preferably, described tail blocks up the hollow aluminum alloy drum into one end open, and is provided with internal thread at its opening part, and described tail blocks up and is connected with the bottom thread of central tube.
Preferably, described igniter is for exchanging the quick-fried frequency electric ignition device of electric or magnetic.
A high enegry gas fracturing technique for using liquid gunpowder capsule, comprises the following steps,
(1) in wellbore casing, be full of pressure gear liquid, then penetrate out interval of interest with perforating gun;
(2) magnetic locator is connected on cable, utilizes cable to send in wellbore casing by magnetic locator, go into the well and survey auditory localization cues to determine the interval of interest degree of depth;
(3) enter bridging plug under bottom the wellbore casing of interval of interest to set and construct artificial bottom of a well;
(4) degree of depth of the interval of interest measured according to step (2), utilizes liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet liquid gun propellant Capsules group dressed up in advance to be connected with cable, utilizes cable to go into the well to interval of interest by liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet;
(5) opening wellbore, cable energising flashpoint firearm, and then the liquid gun propellant that ignites, liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet produces a large amount of high energy gases at high pressure, penetrates preforation tunnel fracturing stratum, carries out fracturing work.
Preferably, in step (4), described liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet is connected with cable by hook.
Preferably, in step (4), the center of liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet and the center of interval of interest is made to be in same level.
Preferably, this fracturing technology also comprises step (7): after the high enegry gas fracturing end of job, checks Oil/gas Well, withdraws well site.
Preferably, in step (1), described pressure gear liquid is clear water, CaCl
2solution, KCl solution or drilling mud.
The high enegry gas fracturing technique of cable conveying liquid body gunpowder capsule provided by the present invention, it is mainly used in hyposmosis, high fine and close, the unconventionaloil pool reservoir of the high or reservoir stress diversity factor of formation fracture pressure large (>0.25), after lower well operations, by igniter firing point gunpowder, the high temperature that ignition charge burning produces is conducted heat by center aluminum pipe, thus the liquid gun propellant lighted in liquid gun propellant capsule, liquid gun propellant is while in capsule shells, conflagration builds the pressure, burst the thin outer crust of liquid gun propellant capsule, by high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas energy in target zone rock, the complexity seam net fracturing reform of (20 ~ 40m) on a large scale can be realized, greatly reduce formation fracture pressure and geostatic stress diversity factor, increase oil gas drainage area, improve oil and gas production.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. liquid gun propellant capsule of the present invention changes the existence form of traditional liquid gunpowder, liquid gun propellant is made not need situ configuration, first can configure and load in liquid gun propellant capsule shells and seal, directly liquid gun propellant capsule is delivered to job site, so greatly can save complicated dangerous traditional liquid gunpowder transportation, and saved very long setup time, filling operation is able to very big simplification.
2. utilize liquid gun propellant capsule provided by the invention, make the downhole technique process of liquid gun propellant not need oil pipe, do not need the extra main equipment such as pump truck, cementing truck, do not need configuration isolation liquid and displacement fluid, only liquid gun propellant capsule need be saved to connect on ground one and enter target zone with under cable, enormously simplify downhole technique flow process thus, save the activity duration, reduce operating risk.
3. the present invention is by liquid gun propellant capsule, because liquid gun propellant is sealed in capsule shells, therefore can not keep off liquid with pressure before lighting and contact and diluted, increase the success rate of construction operation, also improve operational security simultaneously.
4. in the ignition process of liquid gun propellant capsule high enegry gas fracturing of the present invention, adopt cable to be energized light a fire, relatively current caber ignition process eliminates the operation entering down oil pipe caber again, and ignition success rate is higher.
5. in the present invention, liquid gun propellant is owing to being sealed in capsule, therefore liquid gun propellant capsule high enegry gas fracturing be no longer limited to go into the well after the state of liquid gun propellant, insulating liquid and pressure gear liquid layering isolation that must present, therefore the special hole conditions such as the high formation pressure Oil/gas Well of mud or heavy density pressure gear hydraulic pressure well or horizontal well can be applied to as solid gunpowder, expand the range of application of liquid gun propellant high enegry gas fracturing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the sectional drawing of liquid gun propellant capsule shells in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the top view of liquid gun propellant capsule shells in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation that liquid gun propellant capsule high enegry gas fracturing is gone into the well after construction operation.
Wherein: 1, wellbore casing; 2, cable; 3, pressure gear liquid; 4, artificial bottom of a well; 5, preforation tunnel; 6, liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet; 7, link up with; 8, igniter; 9, central tube; 10, liquid gun propellant; 11, tube connector; 12, tail blocks up; 13, capsule shells; 14, liquid gun propellant capsule; 15, through hole; 16, medicine-pouring hole.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by embodiment, also the present invention will be further described by reference to the accompanying drawings, but be not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment provides a kind of liquid gun propellant capsule, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, described liquid gun propellant capsule comprises capsule shells 13, sealing-plug and the sealed storage liquid gun propellant 10 in capsule shells, capsule shells 13 comprises the through hole 15 that runs through capsule shells, be provided with medicine-pouring hole 16 in the side of described capsule shells 13, sealing-plug is plugged in medicine-pouring hole 16.
Wherein, the profile of capsule shells 13 is hollow circular cylinder, and through hole 15 is positioned on the axis of this hollow circular cylinder, liquid gun propellant 10 sealed storage in the annular cavity of this hollow circular cylinder, the long 500mm of capsule shells 13, external diameter Φ
1for 75mm, outer shroud wall thickness 1.5mm, the internal diameter Φ of through hole 15
2for 50mm, inner ring wall thickness 5mm, the upper and lower end face sealing between its internal diameter and external diameter, and upper and lower end face thickness is 5mm, has a diameter of phi at upper surface internal diameter and external diameter middle
3for the medicine-pouring hole 16 of 10mm.
Wherein, the two ends of through hole 15 are provided with internal thread, the long 15mm respectively of the internal thread on the inwall of through hole two ends, and nominal diameter is 25mm, and pitch is 2mm.
The capsule shells 13 of liquid gun propellant capsule, the annular cavity between its shell and through hole 15 is used for contain liquids gunpowder 10, and liquid gun propellant 10 is injected by medicine-pouring hole 16, with screw-driving medicine-pouring hole 16 after injection completes.
This liquid gun propellant capsule also comprises central tube 9, and the two ends of central tube are provided with external screw thread, and central tube 9 runs through through hole 15 and is connected with through hole whorl.Central tube is hollow tube and pipe of aluminium alloy, and long is 540mm, and external diameter is 25mm, and internal diameter is 16mm, its concrete length 40mm longer than liquid gun propellant capsule shells.Central tube two ends outer wall respectively have long for 25mm, nominal diameter be 25mm, pitch is the external screw thread of 2mm.
Screw selected by sealing-plug, and the inwall of medicine-pouring hole 16 is provided with internal thread, and screw is threaded with medicine-pouring hole.Internal thread nominal diameter on medicine-pouring hole inwall is 10mm, and pitch is 1.5mm, and screw length is 6mm, nominal diameter is 10mm, pitch is 1.5mm.
In addition, the recipe ingredient of liquid gun propellant selects prior art, can select the component comprising following masses percentage:
Oxidant: 50%-80%;
Incendiary agent: 10%-35%;
Solvent: 10%-40%;
Performance improver: 0.5%-5%.
Wherein, oxidant is ammonium perchlorate, ammonium nitrate or the mixture of the two.Incendiary agent is a kind of or several arbitrarily composition in diethylene glycol, glycerine, urea, acetic acid methenamine.Solvent is clear water.Performance improver is sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment provides a kind of liquid gun propellant capsule, and as described in Example 1, its difference is structure: the long 1000mm of capsule shells 13, external diameter Φ
1for 90mm, outer shroud wall thickness 3mm, the internal diameter Φ of through hole
2for 50mm, inner ring wall thickness 5mm, the upper and lower end face sealing between its internal diameter and external diameter, and upper and lower end face thickness is 8mm, has a diameter of phi at upper surface internal diameter and external diameter middle
3for the medicine-pouring hole 16 of 10mm.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment provides a kind of liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet, as shown in Figure 3, (the liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet in actual job process is determined according to pressure break perforation length to comprise three, liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet is on the middle axis of perforated interval, its total length should not exceed perforated interval each 0.5m up and down) the liquid gun propellant capsule that is connected (only draw in Fig. 3 three liquid gun propellant capsules do illustrate), tube connector 11, igniter 8 and tail stifled 12, the two ends of tube connector 11 connect adjacent two central tubes running through liquid gun propellant capsule respectively, igniter 8 is arranged at the top running through top liquid gun propellant capsule central tube, tail blocks up 12 and is arranged at the bottom running through lowermost end liquid gun propellant capsule central tube.
The inwall at tube connector 11 two ends is provided with internal thread, and being threaded of central tube 9 end of liquid gun propellant capsule is run through with adjacent two respectively in the two ends of tube connector 11.
Tube connector is hollow tube and pipe of aluminium alloy, and long is 60mm, internal diameter 25mm, external diameter 30mm, and its inwall is internal thread, and screw thread nominal diameter is 25mm, and pitch is 2mm.
Tail blocks up the hollow aluminum alloy drum that 12 are one end open, and its opening part is provided with internal thread, and tail blocks up 12 and is connected with the bottom thread of the central tube of lowermost end liquid gun propellant capsule.
Tail blocks up as one end sealing, the hollow aluminum alloy drum of other end opening, and long is 15mm, and internal diameter is 25mm, and external diameter is 30mm, and its inwall is internal thread, and screw thread nominal diameter is 25mm, and pitch is 2mm.
Igniter 8 is for exchanging the quick-fried frequency electric ignition device of electric or magnetic.
The surge pressure of the liquid gun propellant in liquid gun propellant capsule is 106.5 ~ 134.7MPa, its heat resistance is good, heatproof is greater than 130 DEG C, is 154.7 DEG C according to the minimal decomposition temperature that differential thermal analysis (DTA) records, under correct transport, operating condition safely, reliably.
Embodiment 4:
The present embodiment provides a kind of liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet, and as described in Example 3, its difference is structure: the internal thread long 25mm respectively on the inwall of through hole 15 two ends, screw length is 9mm.Central tube 9 is long is 1040mm, and internal diameter is 18mm, and central tube two ends outer wall respectively has the long external screw thread for 30mm.Tube connector 11 is long is 100mm, and external diameter is 40mm.Tail stifled 12 is long is 20mm, and external diameter is 40mm.
Embodiment 5:
A high enegry gas fracturing technique for using liquid gunpowder capsule Pressure breaking bullet, comprises the following steps,
(1) will be full of pressure gear liquid 3 in wellbore casing 1, then penetrate out interval of interest with perforating gun, the Kong Mi of perforating gun preforation tunnel 5 is not less than 24 holes/m, and the orientation of perforation is along minimum horizontal principal stress direction.
(2) magnetic locator is connected on cable 2, utilizes cable to be sent in wellbore casing 1 by magnetic locator, go into the well and survey auditory localization cues to determine the interval of interest degree of depth; Wherein, the single-core cable of diameter 5.5 ~ 6.5mm selected by cable, and power on/off resistance is 75 ~ 90 Ω, insulaion resistance >25M Ω; Magnetic locator selects Ф 65 ~ 85mm, long 1.0m, and weight is the free-standing magnetic locator without mounting of 25 ~ 40kg.
(3) bottom the wellbore casing 1 of interval of interest, under 0.5-1m place, enter bridging plug set and construct artificial bottom of a well 4; Bridging plug selects model to be the bridging plug of Y445 series.
(4) the liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet 6 in advance liquid gun propellant Capsules group dressed up on ground, and check its sealing;
(5) degree of depth of the interval of interest measured according to step (2), is connected liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet 6 with cable 2 by hook 7, utilizes cable 2 to go into the well to interval of interest place by liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet 6;
(6) opening wellbore, cable 2 is energized flashpoint firearm and then the liquid gun propellant that ignites, and liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet 6 produces a large amount of high energy gases at high pressure, penetrates preforation tunnel fracturing stratum, carries out fracturing work;
(7), after the high enegry gas fracturing end of job, check Oil/gas Well, withdraw well site.
Wherein, pressure gear liquid selects clear water, CaCl
2solution, KCl solution or drilling mud.
This fracturing technology utilizes the high enegry gas fracturing technique of cable transfer liquid gun propellant capsule, it is mainly used in hyposmosis, high fine and close, the unconventionaloil pool reservoir of the high or reservoir stress diversity factor of formation fracture pressure large (>0.25), after lower well operations, by igniter firing point gunpowder, the high temperature that ignition charge burning produces is conducted heat by center aluminum pipe, thus the liquid gun propellant lighted in liquid gun propellant capsule, liquid gun propellant is while in capsule shells, conflagration builds the pressure, burst the thin outer crust of liquid gun propellant capsule, by high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas energy in target zone rock, the complexity seam net fracturing reform of (20 ~ 40m) on a large scale can be realized, greatly reduce formation fracture pressure and geostatic stress diversity factor, increase oil gas drainage area, improve oil and gas production.
Claims (10)
1. a liquid gun propellant capsule, it is characterized in that, described liquid gun propellant capsule comprises capsule shells, sealing-plug and the sealed storage liquid gun propellant in capsule shells, and described capsule shells comprises the through hole that runs through capsule shells, described capsule shells is provided with medicine-pouring hole, and described sealing-plug is plugged in medicine-pouring hole.
2. liquid gun propellant capsule as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the two ends of described through hole are provided with internal thread.
3. liquid gun propellant capsule as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described liquid gun propellant capsule also comprises central tube, and the two ends of described central tube are provided with external screw thread, and described central tube runs through through hole and is connected with through hole whorl.
4. liquid gun propellant capsule as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described sealing-plug is screw, and described medicine-pouring hole is provided with internal thread, and described screw is threaded with medicine-pouring hole.
5. liquid gun propellant capsule as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the profile of described capsule shells is hollow circular cylinder, and described through hole runs through the axis of central cylinder.
6. a liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet, it is characterized in that, comprise multiple liquid gun propellant capsule, tube connector, igniter and tail be connected to block up, the two ends of described tube connector connect adjacent two central tubes running through liquid gun propellant capsule respectively, described igniter is arranged at the top running through top liquid gun propellant capsule central tube, and described tail blocks up the bottom being arranged at and running through lowermost end liquid gun propellant capsule central tube.
7. liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the two ends of described tube connector are provided with internal thread, and described tube connector is threaded with central tube.
8. liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described tail blocks up the hollow aluminum alloy drum into one end open, and is provided with internal thread at its opening part, and described tail blocks up and is connected with the bottom thread of central tube.
9. liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described igniter is for exchanging the quick-fried frequency electric ignition device of electric or magnetic.
10. a high enegry gas fracturing technique for using liquid gunpowder capsule, comprises the following steps,
(1) in wellbore casing, be full of pressure gear liquid, then penetrate out interval of interest with perforating gun;
(2) magnetic locator is connected on cable, utilizes cable to send in wellbore casing by magnetic locator, go into the well and survey auditory localization cues to determine the interval of interest degree of depth;
(3) enter bridging plug under bottom the wellbore casing of interval of interest to set and construct artificial bottom of a well;
(4) degree of depth of the interval of interest measured according to step (2), utilizes liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet liquid gun propellant Capsules group dressed up in advance to be connected with cable, utilizes cable to go into the well to interval of interest by liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet;
(5) opening wellbore, cable energising flashpoint firearm, and then the liquid gun propellant that ignites, liquid gun propellant capsule Pressure breaking bullet produces a large amount of high energy gases at high pressure, penetrates preforation tunnel fracturing stratum, carries out fracturing work.
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| CN201510482253.1A CN105064972B (en) | 2015-08-03 | 2015-08-03 | Liquid gun propellant capsule fracture bomb used for oil-gas field reservoir and process using liquid gun propellant capsule fracture bomb |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105422074A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-03-23 | 中北大学 | Electric initiating liquid propellant dynamic fracturing device |
| CN107401401A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2017-11-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of horizontal well explosion fracturing modernization system and method |
| CN108756845A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-11-06 | 肖毅 | A kind of dilatation increment explosion fracturing method |
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| CN1584288A (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-02-23 | 西安石油大学 | Gas-oil layer liquid gunpowder fracturing method and apparatus thereof |
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| CN103982168A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2014-08-13 | 中北大学 | Underground multi-stage intelligent high pressure gas pulse formation fracturing device and method thereof |
| WO2015009752A1 (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2015-01-22 | Los Alamos National Security, Llc | Fluid transport systems for use in a downhole explosive fracturing system |
| WO2015070169A2 (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-05-14 | Rock Hill Propulsion, Inc. | Pneumatic system and process for fracturing rock in geological formations |
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| CN1584288A (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-02-23 | 西安石油大学 | Gas-oil layer liquid gunpowder fracturing method and apparatus thereof |
| CN101440704A (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2009-05-27 | 石家庄铁道学院 | Ground-dipping ore bed continuous high-energy gas fracturing seepage increasing method and specific high-energy gas generator |
| WO2015009752A1 (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2015-01-22 | Los Alamos National Security, Llc | Fluid transport systems for use in a downhole explosive fracturing system |
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| CN108756845A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-11-06 | 肖毅 | A kind of dilatation increment explosion fracturing method |
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| CN105064972B (en) | 2017-03-22 |
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