CN104975838A - Method capable of preventing pre-existing cracks against closure by adoption of high-energy gas fracture - Google Patents
Method capable of preventing pre-existing cracks against closure by adoption of high-energy gas fracture Download PDFInfo
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- CN104975838A CN104975838A CN201510419994.5A CN201510419994A CN104975838A CN 104975838 A CN104975838 A CN 104975838A CN 201510419994 A CN201510419994 A CN 201510419994A CN 104975838 A CN104975838 A CN 104975838A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method capable of preventing pre-existing cracks against closure by adoption of high-energy gas fracture. The method comprises following steps: 1, perforation by a perforating gun: adopting the perforating gun put lower into a well bore of an oil-gas well for perforation and forming multiple perforation tunnels in a target interval; 2, construction of an artificial bottom of the well: constructing the artificial bottom of the well at the bottom of the well bore of the oil-gas well; 3, downward placement of an oil pipe and injection of pressure baffle liquid: downwardly placing the oil pipe to the position where the target interval is located, injecting pressure baffle liquid into wellbores of the oil-gas well by means of the oil pipe till a sleeve pipe and the oil pipe are poured with pressure baffle liquid; 4, injection and displacement of fracturing propping liquid with the process as follows: primary injection of separation liquid, injection of fracturing propping liquid, secondary injection of separation liquid and displacement of fracturing propping liquid till the fracturing propping liquid is displaced to the target interval; 5, tripping of the oil pipe, hoisting and displacement of explosive columns; 6, initiation of explosion. The method capable of preventing pre-existing cracks against closure by adoption of high-energy gas fracture has following beneficial effects: the method has simple steps and a reasonable design and is conveniently realized and has fine usage effect; and a crack closure problem during the process of high-energy gas fracture is effectively solved.
Description
Technical field
Oil gas field formation breakdown renovation technique field of the present invention, especially relates to a kind of method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack to close.
Background technology
At present, conventional fracturing process has fracturing, explosive fracturing and high enegry gas fracturing.Wherein, high enegry gas fracturing is also known as firing pressure break, it utilizes the burning of gunpowder or propellant to produce pulse loading and the controlled pressure rate of climb makes the high temperature and high pressure gas of release rapidly press off multi-faceted radial fissure near wellbore, links up the intrinsic fracture in reservoir, reaches volume increase object.Nowadays, High-Energy Gas Fracturing Technology and Technology of Compound Fracturing thereof all obtain and develop rapidly, obtain successful application at oil gas field.The high temperature and high pressure gas that high enegry gas fracturing produces at oil gas interval mainly through gunpowder or propellant presses off stratum, extends the radical length of existing crack, reduces the fracture pressure on stratum, creates conditions for fracturing forms volume seam net at interval of interest.
But, the common embarrassment that currently used High-Energy Gas Fracturing Technology runs into is: when stratum application such as high fracture pressure, hyposmosis, after firing the end of job, pressure recover original state in pit shaft, continue owing to there is no gases at high pressure to support the existing crack opened, then existing crack will close again, and the target of the reduction fracture pressure causing High-Energy Gas Fracturing Technology always to be pursued is had a greatly reduced quality, and seriously governs the effect on this technological transformation stratum.Therefore, this problem of crack closure that solution High-Energy Gas Fracturing Technology runs into is necessary.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, there is provided a kind of and stop the method that high enegry gas fracturing existing crack is closed, its method step is simple, reasonable in design and realization is convenient, result of use is good, can effectively solve the problem of crack closure existed in high enegry gas fracturing process.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack to close, is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
Step one, perforating gun perforation: the perforating gun putting into Oil/gas Well pit shaft under employing carries out perforation, and in interval of interest, form multi-openings eyelet, described interval of interest is the oil and gas reservoir that need carry out high enegry gas fracturing process;
Step 2, artificial bottom of a well construction: in the wellbore bottom construction artificial bottom of a well of described Oil/gas Well, described artificial bottom of a well is positioned at the sleeve bottom of described Oil/gas Well and it is positioned at below described interval of interest;
Step 3, oil pipe are transferred and are pressed gear liquid to inject: transferred by oil pipe to the present position of interval of interest described in step one place, and in the well of described Oil/gas Well, inject pressure gear liquid by oil pipe, until all fill pressure gear liquid in sleeve pipe and oil pipe; Described oil pipe is positioned at above artificial bottom of a well described in step 2;
Described pressure gear liquid is water or the KCl aqueous solution;
Step 4, pressure break support liquid and inject and replace, and process is as follows:
Step 401, insulating liquid inject for the first time: in oil pipe described in step 3, inject insulating liquid;
Step 402, pressure break support liquid and inject: in described oil pipe, inject pressure break support liquid;
Described pressure break supports liquid and is made up of the raw material of following mass percent: thickening agent: 0.2% ~ 1.25%; Clay stabilizer: 0.3% ~ 2%; Crosslinking agent: 0.15% ~ 0.8%; Gel breaker: 0.1% ~ 0.65%; PH adjusting agent: 0.25% ~ 0.4%; Fracturing propping agents: 23% ~ 29%; Surplus is water;
Described thickening agent is guanidine glue, and described crosslinking agent is organic borate cross-linker;
Step 403, insulating liquid secondary inject: in described oil pipe, inject insulating liquid;
Step 404, pressure break support liquid and replace: in described oil pipe, inject displacement fluid continuously, replace to described interval of interest until the pressure break injected in step 402 is supported liquid;
Step 5, lower oil tube and the lifting of blast powder column with transfer: outside the well first oil pipe being promoted to described Oil/gas Well, and blast powder column is lifted on below oil pipe, then oil pipe is transferred in the pit shaft of described Oil/gas Well together with described blast powder column; Transfer after putting in place, described blast powder column is soaked in pressure break described in step 404 and supports in liquid;
Described blast powder column is solid propellant grain, and initiator is equipped with on described blast powder column top, and described initiator is lifted on bottom oil pipe;
Step 6, to detonate: by transferring the initiator put in place in oil pipe detonation step five, and ignite solid propellant grain by initiator, solid propellant grain produces the gases at high pressure of explosion generation by interval of interest described in multiple described preforation tunnel pressure break in step one.
A kind of above-mentioned method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack to close, it is characterized in that: the hole density of preforation tunnel described in step one is not less than 24 holes/m, the hole density of described preforation tunnel refers to along the preforation tunnel quantity in pit shaft length direction every meter of length of described Oil/gas Well.
A kind of above-mentioned method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack closed, is characterized in that: the trend of preforation tunnel described in step one is along the minimum horizontal principal stress direction of described interval of interest.
A kind of above-mentioned method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack closed, is characterized in that: artificial bottom of a well described in step 2 is transfer bridging plug to described Oil/gas Well wellbore bottom by oil pipe; Volume V>=V that pressure break supports liquid is injected in step 402
0, wherein V
0=S × L
0, wherein S is the pit shaft cross-sectional area of described Oil/gas Well, L
0for the thickness of described interval of interest; The volume injecting insulating liquid in step 401 is
the volume injecting insulating liquid in step 403 is
A kind of above-mentioned method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack closed, is characterized in that: described in step 401 and step 403, insulating liquid is hydrophobic insulating liquid; Described hydrophobic insulating liquid by carbon tetrachloride and fluid by volume 40 ~ 55 ︰ 100 Homogeneous phase mixing form; Described fluid is crude oil or diesel oil.
A kind of above-mentioned method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack to close, is characterized in that: thickening agent described in step 402 is super guanidine gum; Described clay stabilizer is CC-200KF or WD-5, described organic borate cross-linker is BXL-LTD, BCL-61 or BCL-81, described gel breaker is one or more in WBK-143L gel breaker, Breaker 3L gel breaker, DBR-HT gel breaker, APS gel breaker or NBA-101 gel breaker, and pH adjusting agent is sodium carbonate or sodium acid carbonate; Described proppant is haydite or quartz sand, and the granularity of described haydite and quartz sand is 40 order ~ 70 orders.
A kind of above-mentioned method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack to close, is characterized in that: displacement fluid described in step 404 is water or the KCl aqueous solution.
A kind of above-mentioned method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack to close, it is characterized in that: after oil pipe described in step 3 is transferred and put in place, described in described oil pipe bottom to step 2, the distance on top, artificial bottom of a well is 0.5m ~ 1m; Described oil pipe is laid in coaxial with the pit shaft of described Oil/gas Well.
A kind of above-mentioned method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack to close, is characterized in that: the propellant that solid propellant grain described in step 5 adopts is two fragrant magnesium propellant, two virtue-3 composite propellant, the compound propellant of RST11 or modified double base propellants.
A kind of above-mentioned method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack to close, it is characterized in that: the quantity of solid propellant grain described in step 5 is multiple, multiple described solid propellant grain is from top to bottom laid, the solid propellant grain being positioned at topmost in multiple described solid propellant grain is upper end powder column, and described initiator is positioned at the top of described upper end powder column; Connected by a tube connector between neighbouring two described solid propellant grains.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, method step is simple and realize convenient, and construction cost is lower.
2, construction speed is fast, saving of work and time.
3, the reasonable and each step of method design is connected closely, cooperatively interacts, and main construction course is as follows: first rob with perforation and penetrate out interval of interest; In pit shaft bottom interval of interest place under enter bridging plug and set to construct artificial bottom of a well; Interval of interest place will be entered under oil pipe, with pump truck, pressure gear liquid is filled pit shaft by oil pipe; In oil pipe, first pump into hydrophobic insulating liquid with cement pump truck, then pump into pressure break and support liquid, then pump into hydrophobic insulating liquid again, finally pump into displacement fluid and the liquid section that the pressure break pumped into supports liquid is replaced to interval of interest; Lower oil tube, and after solid propellant grain is all connected with oil pipe with initiator, under enter to interval of interest, make solid propellant grain be immersed in pressure break and support in liquid, and adjust oil pipe, initiator is immersed in just inside top that pressure break supports liquid; Opening wellbore, in oil pipe, a trip rod is thrown on ground, ignite initiator, and then light solid propellant grain, fracturing stratum, and form many not by the crack (i.e. existing crack) that geostatic stress controls, and pressure break is supported liquid (main finger pressure splits the proppant supported in liquid) and push the fissure channel opened, proppant just stays in existing crack after firing the end of job, existing crack is played a supporting role, creates advantage for follow-up fracturing again presses off and extends crack.
4, work progress safely, reliably, solid propellant grain is gone into the well after the end of job, that pressure break supports liquid on bridging plug, in pressure break support liquid, submergence is solid propellant grain, initiator is on the top of solid propellant grain, be provided with hydrophobic insulating liquid and pressure gear liquid in oil pipe on initiator, it is hydrophobic insulating liquid that pressure break supports liquid top, and hydrophobic insulating liquid top is pressure gear liquid to the well head of described Oil/gas Well.Owing to being hydrophobic insulating liquid above pressure break support liquid, separate in order to pressure gear liquid and pressure break are supported liquid, in order to avoid destroy pressure break to support liquid; Pressure gear liquid is then filled with the wellbore space on hydrophobic insulating liquid top, is mainly used in pit shaft and builds the pressure and press off stratum, but plays buffering and fire the energy of generation in order to avoid damage the effect of pit shaft.
5, the hydrophobic spacer fluid formulation adopted is reasonable in design, preparation process is easy, input cost is low and result of use is good, pressure break can be supported liquid and keep off liquid and displacement fluid is effectively isolated with pressure, and the heat resistance of hydrophobic insulating liquid is good, constant temperature mutually in heatproof be greater than 124.6 DEG C.
6, the pressure break support formula of liquid adopted is reasonable in design, preparation process is easy, input cost is low and result of use is good, interval of interest is formed many existing cracks and is extended after pressure break, and pressure break supports liquid and clamp-oned by high energy gas in the existing crack opened simultaneously; After firing the end of job, the pressure break proppant supported in liquid just prevents the closed of existing crack, and then significantly reduces the fracture pressure gradient of interval of interest, creates favorable conditions for fracturing forms complicated volume seam net.Pressure break supports liquid and is made up of thickening agent, clay stabilizer, crosslinking agent, gel breaker, pH adjusting agent, fracturing propping agents and water, each material content is reasonable in design and play respective performance, to the existing crack in interval of interest without any harmful effect, and any impact can not be produced on the recovery process of follow-up oil gas field.
7, result of use is good and practical value is high, inject pressure break at interval of interest support liquid and solid propellant grain is dipped in wherein, firing by solid propellant, produce high energy gas and suppress high pressure at pit shaft interval of interest place instantaneously, to be broken stratum residing for interval of interest by preforation tunnel, form many not by the existing crack that geostatic stress controls, and extend, expand radical length and the complexity of existing crack.Meanwhile, gases at high pressure promote pressure break support liquid and clamp-on existing crack (also claiming fissure channel) along preforation tunnel, and flow to the network corner of existing crack with high energy gas and stress wave propagation; Until after firing the end of job, although pit shaft has recovered the pressure before operation, but the effect due to proppant makes existing crack cannot be completely closed, thus provide breach of breaking for hydraulic fracturing job, reduce formation fracture pressure and geostatic stress diversity factor, considerably increase the probability forming complicated volume seam net, for the volume increase realizing Oil/gas Well creates conditions.To sum up, the present invention presses off crack by high energy gas on stratum and utilizes proppant to support existing crack, reduce existing crack clossing pressure and oil and gas flow resistance, and then open up favourable passage for follow-up fracturing forms volume seam net on stratum, realize the volume increase of Oil/gas Well, effectively can solve problem of crack closure after the operation that current High-Energy Gas Fracturing Technology runs into, liquid is supported by injecting pressure break at interval of interest, there is provided a kind of and effectively can stop the method that high enegry gas fracturing existing crack is closed, and safely, reliably, execute-in-place and easy construction.
8, widely applicable and popularizing application prospect is extensive, be mainly used in formation fracture pressure high, the oil well of the unconventional type of hyposmosis and stress difference coefficient large (> 0.25) or gas well, the gases at high pressure shelly ground of generation is fired by more piece solid propellant, form many not by the fissure channel that geostatic stress controls, meanwhile, gases at high pressure promote pressure break support liquid and clamp-on along fissure channel, end to be fired, after wellbore pressure returns to normal, proppant has been stayed in existing crack, play the effect supporting existing crack, for follow-up fracturing provides the existing crack passage of low clossing pressure.
In sum, the inventive method step is simple, reasonable in design and realization is convenient, result of use is good, can effectively solve the problem of crack closure existed in high enegry gas fracturing process.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is method flow block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the Construction State schematic diagram before the present invention is detonated.
Description of reference numerals:
1-solid propellant grain; 2-pressure break supports liquid; 3-hydrophobic insulating liquid;
4-pressure gear liquid; 5-sleeve pipe; 6-oil pipe;
7-bridging plug; 8-preforation tunnel; 9-initiator.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
A kind of method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack to close as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, comprises the following steps:
Step one, perforating gun perforation: the perforating gun putting into Oil/gas Well pit shaft under employing carries out perforation, and in interval of interest, form multi-openings eyelet 8, described interval of interest is the oil and gas reservoir that need carry out high enegry gas fracturing process.
In the present embodiment, multiple described preforation tunnel 8 is all laid in level.
Step 2, artificial bottom of a well construction: in the wellbore bottom construction artificial bottom of a well of described Oil/gas Well, bottom the sleeve pipe 5 that described artificial bottom of a well is positioned at described Oil/gas Well and its be positioned at below described interval of interest.
Step 3, oil pipe are transferred and are pressed gear liquid to inject: transfer oil pipe 6 to the present position of interval of interest described in step one place, and in the well of described Oil/gas Well, inject pressure gear liquid 4 by oil pipe 6, until all fill pressure gear liquid 4 in sleeve pipe 5 and oil pipe 6; Described oil pipe 6 is positioned at above artificial bottom of a well described in step 2.
In the present embodiment, described pressure gear liquid 4 is water.
During practice of construction, described pressure gear liquid 4 also can adopt the KCl aqueous solution.
Step 4, pressure break support liquid and inject and replace, and process is as follows:
Step 401, insulating liquid inject for the first time: in oil pipe 6 described in step 3, inject insulating liquid;
Step 402, pressure break support liquid and inject: in described oil pipe 6, inject pressure break support liquid 2;
Described pressure break supports liquid 2 and is made up of the raw material of following mass percent: thickening agent: 0.2% ~ 1.25%; Clay stabilizer: 0.3% ~ 2%; Crosslinking agent: 0.15% ~ 0.8%; Gel breaker: 0.1% ~ 0.65%; PH adjusting agent: 0.25% ~ 0.4%; Fracturing propping agents: 23% ~ 29%; Surplus is water;
Described thickening agent is guanidine glue, and described crosslinking agent is organic borate cross-linker;
Step 403, insulating liquid secondary inject: in described oil pipe 6, inject insulating liquid;
Step 404, pressure break support liquid and replace: in described oil pipe 6, inject displacement fluid continuously, replace to described interval of interest until the pressure break injected in step 402 is supported liquid 2.
Step 5, lower oil tube and the lifting of blast powder column with transfer: outside the well first oil pipe 6 being promoted to described Oil/gas Well, and blast powder column is lifted on below oil pipe 6, then oil pipe 6 is transferred in the pit shaft of described Oil/gas Well together with described blast powder column; Transfer after putting in place, described blast powder column is soaked in pressure break described in step 404 and supports in liquid 2;
Described blast powder column is solid propellant grain 1, and initiator 9 is equipped with on described blast powder column top, and described initiator 9 is lifted on bottom oil pipe 6.
Step 6, to detonate: by transferring the initiator 9 put in place in oil pipe 6 detonation step five, and ignite solid propellant grain 1 by initiator 9, solid propellant grain 1 produces the gases at high pressure of explosion generation by interval of interest described in described preforation tunnel 8 pressure break multiple in step one.
In the present embodiment, the hole density of preforation tunnel 8 described in step one is not less than 24 holes/m, and the hole density of described preforation tunnel 8 refers to along preforation tunnel 8 quantity in pit shaft length direction every meter of length of described Oil/gas Well.
In the present embodiment, the trend of preforation tunnel 8 described in step one is along the minimum horizontal principal stress direction of described interval of interest.
In the present embodiment, artificial bottom of a well described in step 2 is transfer bridging plug 7 to described Oil/gas Well wellbore bottom by oil pipe 6.
In the present embodiment, the pit shaft of described Oil/gas Well is in vertically to laying, and described bridging plug 7 is vertically to laying.Further, described bridging plug 7 is Y445 detachable bridge plug.
During actual use, described bridging plug 7 also can adopt the bridging plug of other type.During practice of construction, under bottom sleeve pipe 5, enter bridging plug 7, set to construct described artificial bottom of a well, easy construction and result of use is good.
During practice of construction, described in step 401 and step 403, insulating liquid is hydrophobic insulating liquid 3; Described hydrophobic insulating liquid 3 by carbon tetrachloride and fluid by volume 40 ~ 55 ︰ 100 Homogeneous phase mixing form; Described fluid is crude oil or diesel oil.
In the present embodiment, described hydrophobic insulating liquid 3 by carbon tetrachloride and fluid by volume 45 ︰ 100 Homogeneous phase mixing form, the density of hydrophobic insulating liquid 3 is 1.067g/cm
3.Further, described fluid is crude oil.Wherein, crude oil and oil, also claim black gold, and claiming traditionally directly from oil well, to exploit out unprocessed oil is crude oil.
During actual use, can according to specific needs, the volume ratio of carbon tetrachloride and fluid in hydrophobic insulating liquid 3 be adjusted accordingly.
In the present embodiment, described pressure break supports liquid 2 and is made up of the raw material of following mass percent: thickening agent: 0.65%; Clay stabilizer: 0.55%; Crosslinking agent: 0.20%; Gel breaker: 0.25%; PH adjusting agent: 0.30%; Fracturing propping agents: 24.5%; Surplus is water.During actual use, can according to specific needs, the mass percent described pressure break being supported to each raw material in liquid 2 adjusts accordingly.Wherein, proppant is also referred to as petroleum propping agent.
Further, thickening agent described in step 402 is super guanidine gum, and described thickening agent is WGA-15 guanidine glue; Described clay stabilizer is CC-200KF, and described crosslinking agent is organic borate cross-linker BXL-LTD; Described gel breaker is made up of the first gel breaker and the second gel breaker, and wherein the first gel breaker is WBK-143L gel breaker or Breaker 3L gel breaker and its mass percent is the 0.10%, second gel breaker is DBR-HT gel breaker and its mass percent is 0.15%; PH adjusting agent is sodium carbonate; Described proppant is haydite and its granularity is 40 order ~ 70 orders.
During actual use, described gel breaker may also be only the first gel breaker or is only the second gel breaker.
In the present embodiment, displacement fluid described in step 404 is water.
During practice of construction, displacement fluid described in step 404 also can adopt the KCl aqueous solution.
In the present embodiment, after oil pipe 6 described in step 3 is transferred and put in place, described in described oil pipe 6 bottom to step 2, the distance on top, artificial bottom of a well is 0.5m ~ 1m; Described oil pipe 6 is laid in coaxial with the pit shaft of described Oil/gas Well.
In the present embodiment, in step 402, inject the volume V=V that pressure break supports liquid 2
0, wherein V
0=S × L
0, wherein S is the pit shaft cross-sectional area of described Oil/gas Well, L
0for the thickness of described interval of interest.When actual injection pressure break supports liquid 2, can according to specific needs, value size pressure break being supported to the volume V of liquid 2 adjusts accordingly.Wherein,
d is the mineshaft diameter of described Oil/gas Well.
In the present embodiment, the volume injecting insulating liquid in step 401 is
the volume injecting insulating liquid in step 403 is
During practice of construction, can the volume that the volume V of liquid 2 and step 401 neutralization procedure 403 inject insulating liquid be supported adjust respectively injecting pressure break in step 402 according to specific needs, wherein in step 402, inject volume V>=V that pressure break supports liquid 2
0; The volume injecting insulating liquid in step 401 is
the volume injecting insulating liquid in step 403 is
In the present embodiment, the propellant that solid propellant grain 1 described in step 5 adopts is the compound propellant of RST11.
During actual use, described solid propellant grain 1 also can adopt the propellant of other type.Further, the propellant that described solid propellant grain 1 adopts is the solid propellant that high enegry gas fracturing is conventional.Described solid propellant grain 1 adopt the Types of Medicine of propellant, the parameters such as bonding propellant performance and well depth, formation lithology, fracture pressure are determined.
During practice of construction, the quantity of solid propellant grain 1 described in step 5 is multiple, multiple described solid propellant grain 1 is from top to bottom laid, the solid propellant grain 1 being positioned at topmost in multiple described solid propellant grain 1 is upper end powder column, and described initiator 9 is positioned at the top of described upper end powder column; Connected by a tube connector between neighbouring two described solid propellant grains 1.
Further, described solid propellant grain 1 is made up of center aluminum pipe, ignition charge and solid propellant 1.
As shown in the above, the solid propellant adopted needs to pour into powder column, and the solid propellant of going into the well is more piece propellant finished product powder column, and needs serial connection to form according to calculating dose.
In the present embodiment, the shape of described solid propellant grain 1 is cylindric, the internal diameter of solid propellant grain 1 is Φ 25mm, external diameter is Φ 85mm and its length is 500mm, the alloy aluminum pipe that a length is 510mm is fixed at the middle part of solid propellant grain 1, often save between two joint powder columns and connect with the hollow connection tube of long 150mm, to make igniter gas physical efficiency pass through smoothly and light system for solid rocket grain.Further, described alloy aluminum pipe is in-built fills out ignition charge, and ignition charge is ignited by initiator 9, and then ignition charge is by alloy aluminum pipe heat transfer also igniting solid propellant charge 1.
To sum up, in step 5 adopt blast the structure of powder column and the lifting of drug type and employing transfer and the method for ignition, the structure being the blast powder column adopted in conventional process for fracturing energetic gas is transferred identical with the method for ignition with the lifting of drug type and employing.
In the present embodiment, the quantity of described solid propellant grain 1 is three.During actual use, according to explosion demand, the quantity of solid propellant grain 1 can be adjusted accordingly.
Actually add man-hour, with center aluminum pipe (i.e. described alloy aluminum pipe) and cable, solid propellant grain 1 is serially connected, priming post in the aluminum pipe of center, duration and degree of heating is decorateeed in aluminum pipe upper end, and the aluminum pipe end of foot solid propellant grain 1 bottom is twisted dead with plug, cable is connected on igniter head, ground powers up point of ignition duration and degree of heating, igniter head ignites ignition charge in the aluminum pipe of center, heated center aluminum pipe, then igniting solid propellant charge 1.Actual when detonating, adopt conventional caber to clash into the igniting method of igniting and detonate.
During practice of construction, described solid propellant grain 1 is gone into the well after the end of job, that pressure break supports liquid 2 on bridging plug 7, what pressure break supported liquid 2 li of submergences is solid propellant grain 1, initiator 9 is on the top of solid propellant grain 1, and oil pipe 6 is connected to initiator 9 and solid propellant grain 1, is provided with hydrophobic insulating liquid 3 and pressure gear liquid 4 in the oil pipe 6 on initiator 9, it is hydrophobic insulating liquid 3 that pressure break supports liquid 2 top, and hydrophobic insulating liquid 3 top is pressure gear liquid 4 to the well head of described Oil/gas Well.
In practice of construction process, in step 3 after described oil pipe 6 is transferred and put in place, at the well head of described Oil/gas Well, oil pipe 6 is connected with water pump vehicle, in pump in described Oil/gas Well pit shaft, water (specifically clear water) is entered with water pump vehicle, until fill described pit shaft, the oil pipe so just in completing steps three is transferred and is pressed gear liquid 4 injection process.Afterwards, be connected by oil pipe 6 at the well head of described Oil/gas Well with cement pump truck, first pumping into volume is
hydrophobic insulating liquid 3, and then pump into volume be V pressure break support liquid 2, then pumping into volume is again
hydrophobic insulating liquid 3, finally pump into displacement fluid and pressure break is supported liquid 2 and replace to interval of interest, the pressure break in completing steps four supports liquid and injects and displacement process.Then, lower oil tube 6, and initiator 9 is all connected with oil pipe 6 with solid propellant grain 1, and with oil pipe 6, initiator 9 and solid propellant grain 1 are entered to interval of interest all down, now solid propellant grain 1 is soaked in pressure break support liquid 2, and makes initiator 9 be positioned at the inside upper part of pressure break support liquid 2 by adjustment oil pipe 6.After inspection, opening wellbore, in oil pipe 6, a trip rod is thrown at the well head place of described Oil/gas Well, ignite initiator 9, initiator 9 point of ignition gunpowder, and then solid propellant grain 1 ignited by ignition charge, produces a large amount of high pressure gas fracturing stratum, and pressure break is supported liquid 2 and clamp-on high enegry gas fracturing and produce in the existing crack of (i.e. solid propellant grain 1 explosion generation).After firing the end of job, check Oil/gas Well, withdraw well site.
As shown in the above, bridging plug 7 for constructing artificial bottom of a well, in order to the wellbore space below packing interval of interest, that pressure break supports liquid 2 on bridging plug 7, pressure break supports immersion solid propellant charge 1 in liquid 2, after trip rod percussion primer 9, ignition charge in the alloy aluminum pipe of initiator 9 moment igniting solid propellant charge 1, the high temperature that ignition charge burning produces hands down along alloy aluminum pipe and broadcasts, and conducted heat by alloy aluminum pipe and light solid propellant grain 1, and then produce a large amount of high energy gas and suppressed high pressure at interval of interest place, shelly ground, form many existing cracks (also claiming fissure channel) not controlled by geostatic stress and extend, and pressure break supports liquid 2 and is also simultaneously clamp-oned in the existing crack opened by high energy gas, after firing the end of job, proppant just prevents the closed of existing crack, and then significantly reduces the fracture pressure gradient of interval of interest, creates favorable conditions for fracturing forms complicated volume seam net, owing to being hydrophobic insulating liquid 3 above pressure break support liquid 2, separate in order to pressure gear liquid 4 is supported liquid 2 with pressure break, in order to avoid destroy pressure break to support liquid 2, pressure gear liquid 4 is then filled with the wellbore space on hydrophobic insulating liquid 3 top, is mainly used in pit shaft and builds the pressure and press off stratum, but plays buffering and fire the energy of generation in order to avoid damage the effect of pit shaft.
In the present embodiment, the heat resistance of institute's employing solid propellant and hydrophobic insulating liquid 3 is good, hydrophobic insulating liquid 3 constant temperature mutually in heatproof be greater than 124.6 DEG C, and the minimal decomposition temperature of the solid propellant recorded by differential thermal analysis is 164.5 DEG C, meets the adaption demand of formation temperature.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, as different from Example 1: hydrophobic insulating liquid 3 described in step 401 and step 403 by carbon tetrachloride and diesel oil by volume 45 ︰ 100 Homogeneous phase mixing form; Pressure break described in step 402 supports liquid 2 and is made up of the raw material of following mass percent: thickening agent: 0.72%; Clay stabilizer: 0.45%; Crosslinking agent: 0.25%; Gel breaker: 0.60%; PH adjusting agent: 0.33%; Fracturing propping agents: 27%; Surplus is water; Further, the mass percent of the first gel breaker is the mass percent of the 0.35%, second gel breaker is 0.25%; The propellant that solid propellant grain 1 described in step 5 adopts is two fragrant magnesium propellants.
In the present embodiment, the construction method of all the other steps is all identical with embodiment 1 with construction parameter.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, as different from Example 1: pressure break described in step 402 supports liquid 2 and is made up of the raw material of following mass percent: thickening agent: 0.64%; Clay stabilizer: 0.33%; Crosslinking agent: 0.25%; Gel breaker: 0.36%; PH adjusting agent: 0.35%; Fracturing propping agents: 25.2%; Surplus is water; Described gel breaker is WBK-143L gel breaker or Breaker 3L gel breaker; The propellant that solid propellant grain 1 described in step 5 adopts is two virtue-3 composite propellants.
In the present embodiment, the construction method of all the other steps is all identical with embodiment 1 with construction parameter.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, as different from Example 1: hydrophobic insulating liquid 3 described in step 401 and step 403 by carbon tetrachloride and diesel oil by volume 40 ︰ 100 Homogeneous phase mixing form; The volume injecting insulating liquid in step 401 is
the volume injecting insulating liquid in step 403 is
pressure break described in step 402 supports liquid 2 and is made up of the raw material of following mass percent: thickening agent: 0.2%; Clay stabilizer: 2%; Crosslinking agent: 0.5%; Gel breaker: 0.4%; PH adjusting agent: 0.4%; Fracturing propping agents: 28%; Surplus is water; Further, described clay stabilizer is WD-5, and described crosslinking agent is organic borate cross-linker BXL-LTD or DBR-HT gel breaker, and pH adjusting agent is sodium acid carbonate, and described proppant is quartz sand and its granularity is 40 order ~ 70 orders; The propellant that solid propellant grain 1 described in step 5 adopts is modified double base propellant, containing superfine aluminium power in described modified double base propellant.
In the present embodiment, the construction method of all the other steps is all identical with embodiment 1 with construction parameter.
Embodiment 5
In the present embodiment, as different from Example 2: hydrophobic insulating liquid 3 described in step 401 and step 403 by carbon tetrachloride and diesel oil by volume 55 ︰ 100 Homogeneous phase mixing form; The volume injecting insulating liquid in step 401 is
the volume injecting insulating liquid in step 403 is
pressure break described in step 402 supports liquid 2 and is made up of the raw material of following mass percent: thickening agent: 0.4%; Clay stabilizer: 0.3%; Crosslinking agent: 0.8%; Gel breaker: 0.1%; PH adjusting agent: 0.25%; Fracturing propping agents: 29%; Surplus is water; Further, described clay stabilizer is WD-5, and described crosslinking agent is organic borate cross-linker APS gel breaker or NBA-101 gel breaker, and pH adjusting agent is sodium acid carbonate, and described proppant is quartz sand and its granularity is 40 order ~ 70 orders; The propellant that solid propellant grain 1 described in step 5 adopts is modified double base propellant, containing superfine aluminium power in described modified double base propellant.
In the present embodiment, the construction method of all the other steps is all identical with embodiment 2 with construction parameter.
Embodiment 6
In the present embodiment, as different from Example 2: hydrophobic insulating liquid 3 described in step 401 and step 403 by carbon tetrachloride and diesel oil by volume 50 ︰ 100 Homogeneous phase mixing form; Pressure break described in step 402 supports liquid 2 and is made up of the raw material of following mass percent: thickening agent: 1%; Clay stabilizer: 0.8%; Crosslinking agent: 0.15%; Gel breaker: 0.45%; PH adjusting agent: 0.25%; Fracturing propping agents: 23%; Surplus is water; Further, described clay stabilizer is WD-5, and described crosslinking agent is two kinds in WBK-143L gel breaker, Breaker 3L gel breaker, DBR-HT gel breaker, APS gel breaker or NBA-101 gel breaker; PH adjusting agent is sodium acid carbonate, and described proppant is quartz sand and its granularity is 40 order ~ 70 orders.
In the present embodiment, the construction method of all the other steps is all identical with embodiment 2 with construction parameter.
Embodiment 7
In the present embodiment, as different from Example 2: hydrophobic insulating liquid 3 described in step 401 and step 403 by carbon tetrachloride and diesel oil by volume 53 ︰ 100 Homogeneous phase mixing form; Pressure break described in step 402 supports liquid 2 and is made up of the raw material of following mass percent: thickening agent: 1.25%; Clay stabilizer: 1.5%; Crosslinking agent: 0.4%; Gel breaker: 0.2%; PH adjusting agent: 0.38%; Fracturing propping agents: 24%; Surplus is water; Further, described clay stabilizer is WD-5, and described crosslinking agent is three kinds in WBK-143L gel breaker, Breaker 3L gel breaker, DBR-HT gel breaker, APS gel breaker or NBA-101 gel breaker; PH adjusting agent is sodium acid carbonate, and described proppant is quartz sand and its granularity is 40 order ~ 70 orders.
In the present embodiment, the construction method of all the other steps is all identical with embodiment 2 with construction parameter.
Embodiment 8
In the present embodiment, as different from Example 2: hydrophobic insulating liquid 3 described in step 401 and step 403 by carbon tetrachloride and diesel oil by volume 43 ︰ 100 Homogeneous phase mixing form; Pressure break described in step 402 supports liquid 2 and is made up of the raw material of following mass percent: thickening agent: 1.1%; Clay stabilizer: 1.8%; Crosslinking agent: 0.7%; Gel breaker: 0.3%; PH adjusting agent: 0.28%; Fracturing propping agents: 25%; Surplus is water; Further, described clay stabilizer is WD-5, and described crosslinking agent is four kinds in WBK-143L gel breaker, Breaker 3L gel breaker, DBR-HT gel breaker, APS gel breaker or NBA-101 gel breaker; PH adjusting agent is sodium acid carbonate, and described proppant is quartz sand and its granularity is 40 order ~ 70 orders.
In the present embodiment, the construction method of all the other steps is all identical with embodiment 2 with construction parameter.
Embodiment 9
In the present embodiment, as different from Example 2: hydrophobic insulating liquid 3 described in step 401 and step 403 by carbon tetrachloride and diesel oil by volume 48 ︰ 100 Homogeneous phase mixing form; Pressure break described in step 402 supports liquid 2 and is made up of the raw material of following mass percent: thickening agent: 0.8%; Clay stabilizer: 0.7%; Crosslinking agent: 0.5%; Gel breaker: 0.45%; PH adjusting agent: 0.3%; Fracturing propping agents: 26%; Surplus is water; Further, described clay stabilizer is WD-5, and described crosslinking agent is made up of WBK-143L gel breaker, Breaker 3L gel breaker, DBR-HT gel breaker, APS gel breaker and NBA-101 gel breaker; PH adjusting agent is sodium acid carbonate, and described proppant is quartz sand and its granularity is 40 order ~ 70 orders.
In the present embodiment, the construction method of all the other steps is all identical with embodiment 2 with construction parameter.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not the present invention is imposed any restrictions, every above embodiment is done according to the technology of the present invention essence any simple modification, change and equivalent structure change, all still belong in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. can stop the method that high enegry gas fracturing existing crack is closed, it is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
Step one, perforating gun perforation: the perforating gun putting into Oil/gas Well pit shaft under employing carries out perforation, and in interval of interest, form multi-openings eyelet (8), described interval of interest is the oil and gas reservoir that need carry out high enegry gas fracturing process;
Step 2, artificial bottom of a well construction: in the wellbore bottom construction artificial bottom of a well of described Oil/gas Well, described artificial bottom of a well is positioned at sleeve pipe (5) bottom of described Oil/gas Well and it is positioned at below described interval of interest;
Step 3, oil pipe are transferred and are pressed gear liquid to inject: transferred by oil pipe (6) to the present position of interval of interest described in step one place, and in the well of described Oil/gas Well, inject pressure gear liquid (4) by oil pipe (6), until all fill pressure gear liquid (4) in sleeve pipe (5) and oil pipe (6); Described oil pipe (6) is positioned at above artificial bottom of a well described in step 2;
Described pressure gear liquid (4) is water or the KCl aqueous solution;
Step 4, pressure break support liquid and inject and replace, and process is as follows:
Step 401, insulating liquid inject for the first time: in oil pipe described in step 3 (6), inject insulating liquid;
Step 402, pressure break support liquid and inject: in described oil pipe (6), inject pressure break support liquid (2);
Described pressure break supports liquid (2) and is made up of the raw material of following mass percent: thickening agent: 0.2% ~ 1.25%; Clay stabilizer: 0.3% ~ 2%; Crosslinking agent: 0.15% ~ 0.8%; Gel breaker: 0.1% ~ 0.65%; PH adjusting agent: 0.25% ~ 0.4%; Fracturing propping agents: 23% ~ 29%; Surplus is water;
Described thickening agent is guanidine glue, and described crosslinking agent is organic borate cross-linker;
Step 403, insulating liquid secondary inject: in described oil pipe (6), inject insulating liquid;
Step 404, pressure break support liquid and replace: in described oil pipe (6), inject displacement fluid continuously, replace to described interval of interest until the pressure break injected in step 402 is supported liquid (2);
Step 5, lower oil tube and blast powder column lift and transfer: be first promoted to outside the well of described Oil/gas Well by oil pipe (6), and blast powder column is lifted on oil pipe (6) below, then oil pipe (6) is transferred in the pit shaft of described Oil/gas Well together with described blast powder column; Transfer after putting in place, described blast powder column is soaked in pressure break described in step 404 and supports in liquid (2);
Described blast powder column is solid propellant grain (1), and initiator (9) is equipped with on described blast powder column top, and described initiator (9) is lifted on oil pipe (6) bottom;
Step 6, to detonate: by transferring the initiator (9) put in place in oil pipe (6) detonation step five, and ignite solid propellant grain (1) by initiator (9), solid propellant grain (1) produces the gases at high pressure of explosion generation by interval of interest described in multiple described preforation tunnel (8) pressure break in step one.
2. according to a kind of method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack to close according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the hole density of preforation tunnel described in step one (8) is not less than 24 holes/m, the hole density of described preforation tunnel (8) refers to along preforation tunnel (8) quantity in pit shaft length direction every meter of length of described Oil/gas Well.
3., according to a kind of method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack to close described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the trend of preforation tunnel described in step one (8) is the minimum horizontal principal stress direction along described interval of interest.
4., according to a kind of method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack to close described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: artificial bottom of a well described in step 2 is transfer the bridging plug (7) to described Oil/gas Well wellbore bottom; Volume V>=V that pressure break supports liquid (2) is injected in step 402
0, wherein V
0=S × L
0, wherein S is the pit shaft cross-sectional area of described Oil/gas Well, L
0for the thickness of described interval of interest; The volume injecting insulating liquid in step 401 is
the volume injecting insulating liquid in step 403 is
5. stop according to a kind of described in claim 1 or 2 method that high enegry gas fracturing existing crack is closed, it is characterized in that: described in step 401 and step 403, insulating liquid is hydrophobic insulating liquid (3); Described hydrophobic insulating liquid (3) by carbon tetrachloride and fluid by volume 40 ~ 55 ︰ 100 Homogeneous phase mixing form; Described fluid is crude oil or diesel oil.
6., according to a kind of method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack to close described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: thickening agent described in step 402 is super guanidine gum; Described clay stabilizer is CC-200KF or WD-5, described organic borate cross-linker is BXL-LTD, BCL-61 or BCL-81, described gel breaker is one or more in WBK-143L gel breaker, Breaker 3L gel breaker, DBR-HT gel breaker, APS gel breaker or NBA-101 gel breaker, and pH adjusting agent is sodium carbonate or sodium acid carbonate; Described proppant is haydite or quartz sand, and the granularity of described haydite and quartz sand is 40 order ~ 70 orders.
7., according to a kind of method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack to close described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: displacement fluid described in step 404 is water or the KCl aqueous solution.
8. according to a kind of method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack to close described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: after oil pipe described in step 3 (6) is transferred and put in place, described in described oil pipe (6) bottom to step 2, the distance on top, artificial bottom of a well is 0.5m ~ 1m; Described oil pipe (6) is laid in coaxial with the pit shaft of described Oil/gas Well.
9. according to a kind of method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack to close described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the propellant that solid propellant grain described in step 5 (1) adopts is two fragrant magnesium propellant, two virtue-3 composite propellant, the compound propellant of RST11 or modified double base propellants.
10. according to a kind of method stoping high enegry gas fracturing existing crack to close described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the quantity of solid propellant grain described in step 5 (1) is multiple, multiple described solid propellant grain (1) is from top to bottom laid, the solid propellant grain (1) being positioned at topmost in multiple described solid propellant grain (1) is upper end powder column, and described initiator (9) is positioned at the top of described upper end powder column; Connected by a tube connector between neighbouring two described solid propellant grains (1).
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| CN109723422A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-07 | 北京大德广源石油技术服务有限公司 | Oil well high enegry gas fracturing increasing yield and injection device |
| CN110965979A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-04-07 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Deep combustion and explosion fracturing method in radial slim hole |
| CN110965979B (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-11-26 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Deep combustion and explosion fracturing method in radial slim hole |
| CN113294134A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-24 | 中国矿业大学 | Hydraulic fracturing and methane in-situ blasting synergistic fracturing permeability-increasing method |
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