CN105063067B - 一种黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因及其编码蛋白和应用 - Google Patents
一种黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因及其编码蛋白和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105063067B CN105063067B CN201510254202.3A CN201510254202A CN105063067B CN 105063067 B CN105063067 B CN 105063067B CN 201510254202 A CN201510254202 A CN 201510254202A CN 105063067 B CN105063067 B CN 105063067B
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种黄酮醇3‑O‑半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因,该基因从茶叶鲜叶中分离获得,具有如SEQ ID NO:1所示的核苷酸序列,该基因的编码蛋白具有如SEQ ID NO:2所示的氨基酸序列;本发明首次克隆并验证了形成茶饮料柔和涩味相关的黄酮醇3‑O‑半乳糖基转移酶基因CsUGT78A15功能,本发明还提供了含有CsUGT78A15基因的重组质粒、转基因工程菌和重组蛋白,为开发具有改善茶叶滋味的酶类或工程微生物,深化茶饮料加工,开发不同滋味茶饮品,奠定了坚实基础。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及分子生物学领域,尤其涉及的是一种从茶树鲜叶中分离获得的黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因及其编码蛋白和应用。
背景技术
糖基转移酶(glycosyltransferase,GT,EC 2.4.x.y)是负责催化生物体内糖基化反应的酶类,它们将活性糖基从活化的糖基供体转移到糖基受体,并形成糖苷键。糖基转移酶广泛存在于于原核生物、真核生物以及病毒中。由于糖苷化产物具有潜在的药用价值以及对植物生命活动调节的重要性,现在已受到人们的广泛关注。GT家族是一个超家族,其中的GT1家族,由于其C末端含有1个由44个氨基酸组成的保守PSPG序列,该保守序列被认为是糖基化过程中与UDP-糖的结合的区域;被称为PSPG box或特征基序(signature motif),据此将GT1单独归类为一个尿苷二磷酸糖基依赖的转移酶超家族(UGTs),其成员主要以UDP-半乳糖,UDP-半乳糖,UDP-鼠李糖和UDP-葡糖醛酸为糖基供体。
黄酮醇及其衍生化产物是决定茶叶品质和质量的重要组成成分。在2005年,Scharbert和Hofmann的研究中,证实黄酮醇3-O-糖苷化合物赋予了茶饮料柔和涩味的口感。而且黄酮醇糖苷化合物作为仅次于儿茶素含量的酚类化合物以很低的阈值赋予茶叶柔和涩感。茶鲜叶中黄酮醇化合物占茶鲜叶干重的3%-4%,其中约95%为黄酮醇3-O-糖苷。尿苷二磷酸糖依赖的糖基转移酶(UDP-glycosyltransferases,UGTs)是参与茶叶中黄酮醇3-O-糖苷合成的关键酶类。研究黄酮醇类化合物的合成代谢,不仅是茶树多酚代谢调控,开展分子育种领域基础性工作,也为通过生物工程,改善或开发不同口味茶饮料奠定了基础。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供了一种从茶树鲜叶中分离获得的黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因及其编码蛋白和应用,以提供一种新的能够编码茶树黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶基因及其编码蛋白。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
本发明提供了一种黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因,该基因从茶树鲜叶中分离获得,具有如SEQ ID NO:1所示的核苷酸序列。
本发明还提供了上述黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因在改善茶饮料滋味中的应用。
本发明还提供了一种上述黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因的编码蛋白,所述编码蛋白具有如SEQ ID NO:2所示的氨基酸序列。
本发明还提供了上述黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因的编码蛋白在改善茶饮料滋味中的应用。
本发明还提供了一种含有上述黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因的重组质粒。
所述重组质粒为将上述黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因连接到pMal-c2X载体的多克隆位点中构建获得,命名为pMal-c2X-CsUGT78A15。
本发明还提供了一种转基因工程菌,所述转基因工程菌含有上述重组质粒,或其基因组中整合有外源的黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因序列。
所述转基因工程菌为含有上述重组质粒,或其基因组中整合有外源的黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因序列的大肠杆菌Novablue(DE3)菌株。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点:本发明提供了一种黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因及其编码蛋白和应用,首次克隆并验证了形成茶饮料柔和涩味相关的黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖苷酶基因CsUGT78A15功能,本发明还提供了含有CsUGT78A15基因的重组质粒、转基因工程菌和重组蛋白,为开发具有改善茶叶滋味的酶类或工程微生物,深化茶饮料加工,开发不同滋味茶饮品,奠定了坚实基础。
附图说明
图1是pMal-c2X载体的质粒图谱;
图2是以VvGT1的晶体模型2c9z为模版创建的CsUGT78A15的蛋白晶体模型;
图3是CsUGT78A15重组蛋白(r CsUGT78A15)的SDS-PAGE蛋白电泳分析图;其中,M为蛋白Marker;1为重组质粒诱导前;2为重组质粒诱导后;3为诱导后破碎后上清;4为诱导后破碎后沉淀;5为纯化后蛋白。
图4是HPLC分析r CsUGT78A15催化的酶活产物结果图;其中,图4-A~4-C分别是以UDP-葡萄糖和UDP-半乳糖为糖供体,以山奈素、槲皮素或杨梅素作为糖受体反应的液相色谱图;
图5是rCsUGT78A15催化合成黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖苷和黄酮醇3-O半乳糖苷产物的一级质谱和二级质谱分析图谱;其中,图5-A是山奈酚为底物时糖苷化产物的一级质谱和二级质谱分析图谱;图5-B是槲皮素为底物时糖苷化产物的一级质谱和二级质谱分析图谱;图5-C是杨梅素为底物时糖苷化产物的一级质谱和二级质谱分析图谱;
图6是rCsUGT78A15分别以UDP-葡萄糖和UDP-半乳糖为糖供体比活力比较柱状图。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明,本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市购获得的常规产品。
实施例1
一、材料
1、茶树品种:农抗早(Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Kuntze.var.sinensis cultivarNongkangzao),采集茶树鲜叶,迅速用液氮冷冻,储存于-80℃冰箱中备用;
2、pMal-c2X载体:其质粒图谱如图1所示;
3、大肠杆菌Novablue(DE3)表达宿主菌:购于上海北诺生物科技有限公司;
4、LB培养基:称取10g的NaCl,5g的酵母提取物,10g的胰蛋白胨,加入950mL去超纯水搅拌溶解,用1mol/L的NaOH调pH至7.0,加水定容至1000mL,高压蒸汽灭菌15min,即获得LB液体培养基,LB固体培养基为在LB液体培养基中加入15g的琼脂粉即可;
5、质量浓度为40%的半乳糖溶液:称取40g半乳糖,加入超纯水溶解搅拌均匀,定容至100mL,110℃灭菌10min;
6、氨苄青霉素母液(Amp+,100mg/mL):称取1g氨苄青霉素Amp,溶于10mL灭菌水,过滤除菌,分装小管,-20℃保存;
7、1mol/L的IPTG(异丙基硫代-β-D-半乳糖苷):称取2.383g IPTG,溶于灭菌超纯水,定容至10mL,过滤除菌,分装并于-20℃保存;
8、蛋白纯化缓冲液:上柱缓冲液:称取0.37gEDTA,11.67gNaCl,2.42gTris,0.15gDTT于足量纯水中,搅拌使其充分混匀。用稀盐酸调其PH至7.4,定容至1L,即得上柱缓冲液。洗脱缓冲液:1L上柱缓冲液中加入3.60g麦芽糖,溶解搅拌均匀。
9、100mM的pH7.5的Tris-HCL缓冲溶液:称取1.1214gTris加水至90mL搅拌溶解均匀,加稀HCL调pH至7.5,补水定容至100mL;
10、体积比为1%的乙酸:用移液管量取10mL色谱级乙酸溶液于1L容量瓶中,用超纯水定容至1L。
二、CsUGT78A15基因的克隆:
1、设计带有表达载体pMal-c2X载体的多克隆酶切位点的特异引物,其引物序列如SEQ ID NO:3和SEQ ID NO:4所示:
SEQ ID NO:3:正向引物:5’-TCTAGAATGTCGACGATGGTGACTAACTCCTC-3
SEQ ID NO:4:反向引物:5’-CTGCAGTCAAAGATTGAGACTTGTTACCACC-3’;
2、按照TaKaRa RNAiso试剂盒和RNAiso Plus试剂盒说明书,提取茶树品种农抗早鲜叶RNA,并反转录为cDNA;
3、以反转录产物cDNA为模板,用SEQ ID NO:3和SEQ ID NO:4引物进行扩增,扩增程序为94℃预变性30s,94℃变性10s,72℃退火20s,72℃延伸45s,30个循环,72℃继续延伸10min,获得的PCR产物置于16℃保存。
4、将PCR产物利用PCR纯化试剂盒纯化,并连接到pMD19-T Simple Vector后进行菌落PCR验证,获得阳性菌落,提取菌落质粒,获得含有CsUGT78A15基因的pMD19-T simple载体,同时将菌液送至深圳华大公司进行测序。
三、CsUGT78A15基因的功能预测分析
通过在线软件Jpred(http://www.compbio.dundee.ac.uk/www-jpred)将黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶基因与现有的茶树糖基转移酶基因数据库进行二级结构预测,发现该CsUGT78A15基因与已知功能的葡萄尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖:花青素3-O-糖苷转移酶(VvGT1,accession number:P51094.2,晶体模型2c9z_A)的一致性比较高,达到53%的一致性,被预测为具有3-O-糖基转移酶功能活性,所述CsUGT78A15基因的蛋白晶体模型如图2所示;
四、CsUGT78A15基因的原核表达及功能验证
本实施例中所用到的原核表达和及其功能验证技术手段为本领域的普通技术人员常用或完全可以理解技术手段。
1、将含有CsUGT78A15基因的T载体用XbaⅠ和Pst I进行双酶切,酶切产物连接到pMal-c2X载体的多克隆位点中,获得pMal-c2X-CsUGT78A15重组质粒;
2、将pMal-c2X-Cs14重组质粒转化到大肠杆菌Novablue(DE3)表达宿主菌中,接种到100μL的LB液体培养基,37℃,180r/min下培养45~60min;取100μL的菌液涂布于含100μg/mL Amp+的LB平板上,37℃倒置培养;
3、经过菌落PCR验证,挑取阳性菌落,接种至含2g/L的100mL的灭菌的LB液体培养基中,37℃,200r/min下震荡培养,直至OD600约为0.6,获得转基因的工程菌;
4、在上述转基因的工程菌中加入IPTG至终浓度为1mmol/L,37℃过夜培养,收集菌体,加入10mL上柱缓冲溶液,充分悬浮菌体,置于-20℃过夜,将菌体置于冰上解冻,待解冻后置于超声破碎仪中以15%功率超声破碎10min,12000rpm离心收集上清液;利用直链淀粉树脂亲和柱纯化重组蛋白(affinity chromatography on an amylase resin,NewEngland Biolabs,MA,USA),利用本领域常用的SDS-PAGE方法检测蛋白表达和纯化效果,结果如图3所示。
图3中可看出,pMal-c2X-CsUGT78A15重组质粒转化表达宿主菌Novablue(DE3),诱导表达后,与诱导前(泳道1)相比,该基因在诱导后(泳道2)有重组蛋白的表达,且重组蛋白条带的大小与预测的一致,加上42.5kDa麦芽糖结合蛋白(MBP)重组标签后,在70kd到100kd之间有明显的重组蛋白条带;诱导后菌体经超声破碎离心后,上清中有可溶性重组蛋白(泳道3),可用于进一步纯化分析;上清蛋白经直链淀粉树脂柱纯化后,得到较纯的重组蛋白(泳道4),纯化的蛋白可用于进一步的酶学分析。
五、CsUGT78A15重组蛋白的酶学活性检测分析:
对于类黄酮底物的酶活检测,是在50μL,100mM pH7.5的Tris-HCL缓冲溶液包含5mM UDP-葡萄糖或UDP-半乳糖作为糖基供体,200μM潜在的类黄酮化合物(如山奈酚、槲皮素、杨梅素、山奈素、柚皮素、圣草酚、芹菜素、儿茶素和矢车菊色素等)作为糖基受体、5-10μg的纯化后的重组蛋白和0.1%的β-巯基乙醇。
所有酶反应体系,在30℃水浴30min后加入等体积的甲醇终止反应,矢车菊为底物的反应体系例外,需加入20μL的5%盐酸终止反应,反应均以空载蛋白作为对照,获得酶反应产物。
酶反应产物经产物标准品结合HPLC-MS进行鉴定,所述HPLC-MS检测条件如下:维特斯HSS T3色谱柱(Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3,150mm×2.1mm,1.7tzm);柱温为30℃;流速为1mL/min;进样体积为5μL;流动相A为含1%(v/v)乙酸溶液;流动相B为100%乙腈溶液;对于类黄酮化合物的检测,HPLC梯度程序设置为:0~5min,10~15%B;5~15min,15~40%B;15~20min,40~60%B;20~25min,60~80%B;25~30min,80~10%B;光谱检测波长扫描范围为200~550nm。在化合物的MS定性识别中,采用ESI电喷雾离子源,负离子模式;毛细管电压为3.5kV,离子源温度为310℃,雾化气(氮气)流速为6L/min,化合物检测扫描质荷比范围设置为m/z 100~1000,碰撞电压为45V。
用HPLC及黄酮醇糖苷标准品分析酶反应产物,结果如下表1、图4和图5所示:
表1:CsUGT78A15反应产物的HPLC,MS和MS/MS数据
图中可发现CsUGT78A15重组蛋白可特异性的催化黄酮醇底物,对其它类黄酮及酚酸化合物均未检测到任何活性;与标准品比较,还可以发现CsUGT78A15重组蛋白区域选择性的催化黄酮醇(山奈酚,槲皮素和杨梅素)3-OH上的糖苷化,且都可以以葡萄糖和半乳糖作为糖供体,说明CsUGT78A15具有半乳糖转移酶和半乳糖基转移酶双功能的活性。
将CsUGT78A15重组蛋白分别以葡萄糖和半乳糖为糖供体比活力比较,获得如图6所示的结果,图中可以看出,CsUGT78A15重组蛋白具有很高的半乳糖基转移活性和微弱的葡萄糖基转移活性。
Claims (6)
1.一种黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因,其特征在于,该基因的获得方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)设计带有表达载体pMal-c2X载体的多克隆酶切位点的特异引物,其引物序列如SEQID NO:3和SEQ ID NO:4所示:
SEQ ID NO:3:正向引物:5’-TCTAGAATGTCGACGATGGTGACTAACTCCTC-3
SEQ ID NO:4:反向引物:5’-CTGCAGTCAAAGATTGAGACTTGTTACCACC-3’;
(2)按照TaKaRa RNAiso试剂盒和RNAiso Plus试剂盒说明书,提取茶树品种农抗早鲜叶RNA,并反转录为cDNA;
(3)以反转录产物cDNA为模板,用SEQ ID NO:3和SEQ ID NO:4引物进行扩增,扩增程序为94℃预变性30s,94℃变性10s,72℃退火20s,72℃延伸45s,30个循环,72℃继续延伸10min,获得的PCR产物,即为所述CsUGT78A15基因。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因在改善茶饮料滋味中的应用。
3.一种重组质粒,其特征在于,所述重组质粒含有如权利要求1所述黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种重组质粒,其特征在于,所述重组质粒为将黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因连接到pMal-c2X载体的多克隆位点中构建获得,命名为pMal-c2X-CsUGT78A15。
5.一种转基因工程菌,其特征在于,所述转基因工程菌含有如权利要求3所述的重组质粒,或其基因组中整合有如权利要求1所述的黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因序列。
6.根据权利要求5所述的转基因工程菌,其特征在于,所述转基因工程菌为含有如权利要求3所述的重组质粒,或其基因组中整合有如权利要求1所述的黄酮醇3-O-半乳糖基转移酶CsUGT78A15基因序列的大肠杆菌Novablue(DE3)菌株。
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