CN105052799A - Method for pond culture of cynoglossus semilaevis gunther by means of biofloc technique - Google Patents

Method for pond culture of cynoglossus semilaevis gunther by means of biofloc technique Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105052799A
CN105052799A CN201510518699.5A CN201510518699A CN105052799A CN 105052799 A CN105052799 A CN 105052799A CN 201510518699 A CN201510518699 A CN 201510518699A CN 105052799 A CN105052799 A CN 105052799A
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China
Prior art keywords
water
cultivation
pond
cynoglossus semilaevis
breeding density
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CN201510518699.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
曹晨晨
杨大佐
宋国斌
宋国联
齐晓陆
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DALIAN BAOFA SEAFOOD Co Ltd
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DALIAN BAOFA SEAFOOD Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201510518699.5A priority Critical patent/CN105052799A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for pond culture of cynoglossus semilaevis gunther by means of the biofloc technique. The method comprises the steps of biofloc cultivation and breeding. In the biofloc cultivation process, aquaculture water is extracted to a cultivation unit; a carbon source and/or nitrogen source is added to a culture pond to enable the total content of carbon in water to be 5.5-45 mg/L, the total content of nitrogen in water to be 0.55-2.25 mg/L and carbon nitrogen ratio to be 10-20:1; water in the culture pond needs to be fully aerated, dissolved oxygen in water is maintained to be 5.5-8.5 mg/L, pH value is maintained to be 6-8, and temperature is maintained to be over 20 DEG C; when the total suspended solid in water in the culture pond reaches 100-500 mg/L, water is prepared for use. In the breeding process, cynoglossus semilaevis gunther is placed in the cultivation unit with released density being 10-150 pieces/m<2>. Compared with ordinary methods, the method has the advantages that water changing frequency is low, bait feeding amount is small, and obtained cynoglossus semilaevis gunther rarely gets sick and is high in yield.

Description

A kind of method utilizing biological flocculation technology pond culture Cynoglossus semilaevis fish
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural technique of a kind of Cynoglossus semilaevis (CynoglossussemilaevisGunther), belong to aquaculture field, is a kind of method utilizing biological flocculation technology pond culture Cynoglossus semilaevis fish.
Background technology
Cynoglossus semilaevis (CynoglossussemilaevisGunther) belongs to Pleuronectiformes, Cynoglossidae, tongue sole genus.Health dorsoventrally compressed, in ligule, be the large-scale demersal fishes in a kind of warm warm nature coastal waters, life is all the year round perched in CHINESE OFFSHORE sea area, the wide temperature of tool, wide salt and adapt to the feature of changeable environmental condition.Cynoglossus semilaevis natural resources amount is few, and it has fast growth, individuality is large, delicious deliciousness, the features such as dressing percentage is high, smooth in taste, nutritious.
Cynoglossus semilaevis adaptive temperature scope is very wide, just can survive the winter, can cross the summer at 32 DEG C at 3 DEG C, is well suited for the cultivation of most of China sea area, north to Liaoning, southern to Fujian, Guangdong all can cultivate.Look for food due to Cynoglossus semilaevis be slow in action, ingest time is long, routine is formed based on pellet of throwing something and feeding in process, and the fish of different body length will be thrown something and fed different feeds, throws something and feeds every day 22 ~ 3 times, day feeding volume be 2 ~ 3% of fish body weight, manage very loaded down with trivial details.
Current, in aquaculture activities, cultured fishes only can digest and assimilate the protein of 20%-25% in bait of throwing something and feeding, and the remaining form with ammonia nitrogen, residual bait and ight soil is present in cultivation water environment.For the ammonia nitrogen in breeding water body and residual bait and ight soil, a kind of processing method carries out changing water, can consume great lot of water resources like this.According to statistics, the prawn of cultivation 1kg will consume the clean water source of 20m3, and the fish of cultivation 1kg approximately will consume the clean water source of 2-10m3; Second method breeding water is carried out process recycling, i.e. circulating water culture system.Circulating water culture system using water wisely, but cost is higher, limits its further genralrlization.Biological flocculation in aquaculture refers to organism based on aerobic microbiological in breeding water body and inorganic matter, through the aggregate that biological flocculation is formed, how is mutually flocculated by bacterium, plankton, organic debris and some inorganic substances and forms.Nowadays, biological flocculation technology (Bio-flocTechnology, technology, BFT) be) by supplementing organic carbonizable substance to a large amount of bait throwing in of breeding water body, make the C/N ratio that water body keeps certain, directed regulation and control cultivating system microbiologic population, and utilize ammonia nitrogen in microorganism conversion water to become mycoprotein, thus significantly improve a kind of Novel cultivation technology of efficiency of feed utilization.Biological flocculation technology proposes as far back as cultivation expert Avnimelec system by Israel in 1999, and tests successfully in 2005 in Indonesia.Biological flocculation technology is as playing the technology maintaining water environment and stablize, reduce quantity of exchanged water, improve the effects such as cultivation survival rate, increase yield and reduction feed coefficient, be considered to solve effective substitute technology of environmental constraints that aquaculture industry development faces and feed cost, both reduced bait cost, the quality problem in breeding process can have been solved again.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method utilizing biological flocculation technology pond culture Cynoglossus semilaevis fish, by adding biological flocculation cultivation Cynoglossus semilaevis fish, comprising the following steps:
Utilize a method for biological flocculation technology pond culture Cynoglossus semilaevis fish, comprise the following steps:
(1) biological flocculation is cultivated
(1) aquaculture water is extracted in cultivation unit;
(2) additional carbon and/or nitrogenous source are in cultivation pond, and make the total content of carbon in water body be 5.5 ~ 45mg/L, the total content of nitrogen is 0.55 ~ 2.25mg/L; C/N ratio is 10 ~ 20:1;
(2), in biological flocculation incubation, in culture pond, water body wants abundant aeration, and Dissolved Oxygen in Water maintains 5.5 ~ 8.5mg/L, and pH value maintains 6 ~ 8, and temperature maintains more than 20 DEG C;
(4) when cultivating pool inner water body total solid suspension and reaching 100mg/L ~ 500mg/L, prepare stand-by;
(2) cultivate
Put in a suitable place to breed by cultivation Cynoglossus semilaevis fish and cultivate in unit, breeding density is 10-150 tail/㎡.
As preferred technical scheme, described aquaculture water is sand filter seawater; Described cultivation unit is for cultivating pond, and volume is 10-30m 3.
As preferred technical scheme, carbon source used is made up of at least one in glucose, sucrose, brown sugar, wheat flour, starch, brown sugar, molasses, syrup.
As preferred technical scheme, nitrogenous source used is made up of at least one in organic nitrogen, inorganic nitrogen.
As preferred technical scheme, nitrogenous source used is selected from least one in ammonium salt, nitrate and ammoniacal liquor, groundnut meal, soybean cake powder, wheat bran, corn steep liquor, dusty yeast.
As preferred technical scheme, regulate breeding density according to the body of cultivation Cynoglossus semilaevis fish is long; The long 8-10cm of body, breeding density is 150-400 Wei/㎡; The long 15-20cm of body, breeding density is 60-100 Wei/㎡; The long 25-30cm of body, breeding density is 20-35 Wei/㎡; The long 35-45 ㎝ of body, breeding density is 10-18 Wei/㎡.
Daily management
(1) water quality management
At north of china in winter, the water temperature in pond is lower than 3 DEG C, and Cynoglossus semilaevis fish need move into indoor and carry out preservation of surviving the winter.Water quality management adjusts accordingly with seasonal variation, utilizes the adjustment regulating quantity of exchanged water to carry out pond water temperature.There is biological flocculation because throwing in culturing pool, needing regularly to measure the biological flocculation in pond during cultivating, carrying out when changing water supplementing or shifting out unnecessary floc sedimentation in good time.
(2) feedstuff feeding
The input of biological flocculation is had in culturing pool, therefore feedstuff feeding is complementary, in order to the C/N ratio that maintains in pond and provide Cynoglossus semilaevis grow up needed for biological flocculation and pond in the nutrition such as the underlying biological essential amino acid that can not provide, the feed of corruption of not throwing something and feeding, rotten, pollution.
(3) monitoring is observed
Ingesting and active situation of regular check fish body, when finding the abnormal and sick fish of the behavior expression of fish, is pulled out diagnosis in time, is treated.Timing measurement water Inversion phenomenon and temperature, made a record, understood environmental change in time, take corresponding control measures every day.Whether the anti-net of escaping that water nozzle is entered in running check has breakage, gap, repairs in time.
(4) illumination
Cynoglossus semilaevis likes low light condition, and illumination range is generally 500lx-2000lx.When daylight is strong, sunshading facility need be built or deepen the injury that fish body brought to avoid high light of water depth.
(5) diseases prevention
By regulating temperature, detect in time, integrated management is carried out in measure such as balanced nutritious grade, prevents.
The present invention utilizes biological flocculation technology to cultivate the pond breeding method of Cynoglossus semilaevis, and its cultural method compares to have with commonsense method changes that water is few, bait throwing in is few, and gained Cynoglossus semilaevis disease is few, output high.
Embodiment
Following non-limiting example can make the present invention of those of ordinary skill in the art's comprehend, but does not limit the present invention in any way.
Embodiment 1
1, culturing pool is selected
Cultivating pool requires that drainage is convenient, smooth at the bottom of pond.
2, biological flocculation is cultivated
(1) extract sand filter seawater in multiple cultivation pond, each cultivation pool volume is 10m 3.
(2) additional carbon and nitrogenous source are in culture pond, make the total content of carbon in water body be 10mg/L, and the total content of nitrogen is 0.5mg/L, and C/N ratio is 20:1.Wherein, carbon source used is made up of syrup and molasses (weight ratio 2:3); Nitrogenous source used is wheat bran and corn steep liquor (weight ratio 3:1) composition.
(3), in biological flocculation incubation, in culture pond, water body wants abundant aeration, and Dissolved Oxygen in Water maintains 6mg/L, and pH value maintains 7.5, and temperature maintains more than 20 DEG C.
(4) when in culturing pool, water body total solid suspension (TSS) reaches 100mg/L ~ 500mg/L, prepare stand-by.
3, fingerling stocking
(1) choose body colour normally, physique robust lossless wound, disease-free, nothing deformity, ingest good, lie prostrate the end, attached wall energy power is strong, the healthy fry of body length (20cm), body weight (35g).
(2) fry is after the transition adaptation of 5 minutes, just seed can be put into pond.When putting seedling, the several throwing seedling point of multiselect, makes to make it to conform in its dispersed pond, thus improves survival rate.Breeding density is: 80 Wei/㎡.
4, daily management
(1) water quality management adjusts with seasonal variation, can utilize and regulate quantity of exchanged water to carry out the adjustment of pond water temperature.There is biological flocculation because throwing in culturing pool, needing regularly to measure the biological flocculation in pond during cultivating, carry out supplementing or shifting out unnecessary floc sedimentation in good time.
(2) feedstuff feeding
Have the input of biological flocculation in culturing pool, thus feedstuff feeding based on maintain C/N in pond than and Cynoglossus semilaevis growth needed for the essential amino acid etc. that can not provide such as floc sedimentation.
(3) monitoring is observed
Regular check fish body is ingested and active situation, when finding the abnormal and sick fish of the behavior expression of fish, is pulled out diagnosis in time, treats.Timing measurement water temperature and temperature, made a record, understood environmental change in time, take corresponding control measures every day.Whether the anti-net of escaping that water nozzle is entered in running check has breakage, gap, repairs in time.
(4) illumination
Cynoglossus semilaevis likes low light condition, and illumination is 1000lx.When daylight is strong, builds sunshading facility or deepen the injury that fish body brought to avoid high light of water depth.
(5) diseases prevention
By regulating temperature, increasing and changing water, improving water quality, balanced nutritious integrated management such as measure such as grade, prevents.
Embodiment 2
1, culturing pool is selected
Cultivating pool requires with 1..
2, biological flocculation is cultivated
(1) extract sand filter seawater in multiple cultivation pond, each cultivation pool volume is 20m 3.
(2) additional carbon and nitrogenous source are in culture pond, make the total content of carbon in water body be 5.5mg/L, and the total content of nitrogen is 0.55mg/L, and C/N ratio is 10:1.Wherein, carbon source used is made up of red sugar and starch (weight ratio 1:1); Nitrogenous source used is dusty yeast.
(3), in biological flocculation incubation, in culture pond, water body wants abundant aeration, and Dissolved Oxygen in Water maintains 5mg/L, and pH value maintains 7.0, and temperature maintains more than 20 DEG C.
(4) when in culturing pool, water body total solid suspension (TSS) reaches 100mg/L ~ 500mg/L, prepare stand-by.
3, fingerling stocking
(1) choose body colour normally, physique robust lossless wound, disease-free, nothing deformity, ingest good, lie prostrate the end, attached wall energy power is strong, the healthy fry of body length (10cm), body weight (15g).
(2) fry is after the transition adaptation of 10 minutes, just seed can be put into pond.When putting seedling, the several throwing seedling point of multiselect, makes to make it to conform in its dispersed pond, thus improves survival rate.Breeding density is: 300 Wei/㎡.
4, daily management
(1) water quality management carries out response adjustment with seasonal variation.There is biological flocculation because throwing in culturing pool, needing regularly to measure the biological flocculation in pond during cultivating, carry out supplementing or shifting out unnecessary floc sedimentation in good time.
(2) feedstuff feeding
Have the input of biological flocculation in culturing pool, thus feedstuff feeding based on maintain C/N in pond than and Cynoglossus semilaevis growth needed for the essential amino acid etc. that can not provide such as floc sedimentation.
(3) monitoring is observed
Regular check fish body is ingested and active situation, when finding the abnormal and sick fish of the behavior expression of fish, is pulled out diagnosis in time, treats.Timing measurement water temperature and temperature, made a record, understood environmental change in time, take corresponding control measures every day.Whether the anti-net of escaping that water nozzle is entered in running check has breakage, gap, repairs in time.
(4) illumination
Cynoglossus semilaevis likes low light condition, and illumination is 1250lx.When daylight is strong, builds sunshading facility or deepen the injury that fish body brought to avoid high light of water depth.
(5) diseases prevention
By regulating temperature, increasing and changing water, improving water quality, balanced nutritious integrated management such as measure such as grade, prevents.

Claims (6)

1. utilize a method for biological flocculation technology pond culture Cynoglossus semilaevis fish, comprise the following steps:
(1) biological flocculation is cultivated
(1) aquaculture water is extracted in cultivation unit;
(2) additional carbon and/or nitrogenous source are in cultivation pond, and make the total content of carbon in water body be 5.5 ~ 45mg/L, the total content of nitrogen is 0.55 ~ 2.25mg/L; C/N ratio is 10 ~ 20:1;
(2), in biological flocculation incubation, in culture pond, water body wants abundant aeration, and Dissolved Oxygen in Water maintains 5.5 ~ 8.5mg/L, and pH value maintains 6 ~ 8, and temperature maintains more than 20 DEG C;
(4) when cultivating pool inner water body total solid suspension and reaching 100mg/L ~ 500mg/L, prepare stand-by;
(2) cultivate
Put in a suitable place to breed by cultivation Cynoglossus semilaevis fish and cultivate in unit, breeding density is 10-150 tail/㎡.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described aquaculture water is sand filter seawater; Described cultivation unit is for cultivating pond, and volume is 10-30m 3.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, carbon source used is made up of at least one in glucose, sucrose, brown sugar, wheat flour, starch, brown sugar, molasses, syrup.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, nitrogenous source used is made up of at least one in organic nitrogen, inorganic nitrogen.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, nitrogenous source used is selected from least one in ammonium salt, nitrate and ammoniacal liquor, groundnut meal, soybean cake powder, wheat bran, corn steep liquor, dusty yeast.
6. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, regulates breeding density according to the body of cultivation Cynoglossus semilaevis fish is long; The long 8-10cm of body, breeding density is 150-400 Wei/㎡; The long 15-20cm of body, breeding density is 60-100 Wei/㎡; The long 25-30cm of body, breeding density is 20-35 Wei/㎡; The long 35-45 ㎝ of body, breeding density is 10-18 Wei/㎡.
CN201510518699.5A 2015-08-21 2015-08-21 Method for pond culture of cynoglossus semilaevis gunther by means of biofloc technique Pending CN105052799A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105230548A (en) * 2015-11-25 2016-01-13 上海海洋大学 Tilapia high yield breeding method
CN106538426A (en) * 2016-11-06 2017-03-29 大连宝发海珍品有限公司 A kind of high resistance to cold and diseases Cynoglossus semilaevis fish breeding method
CN108147553A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-06-12 广州日日红水环境处理有限公司 A kind of factory formula of denitrogenation-type biological flocculation
CN111285475A (en) * 2020-03-20 2020-06-16 盐城工学院 Aquaculture waste resource utilization method
CN111887193A (en) * 2020-08-17 2020-11-06 湖州师范学院 Pond tail water treatment system based on 'biological floc group' technology
CN115072883A (en) * 2022-06-17 2022-09-20 上海海洋大学 Biological floc particles and activation method and application thereof

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CN102515339A (en) * 2011-11-02 2012-06-27 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 Culturing method of biological flocculation for aquiculture
CN103155891A (en) * 2013-03-21 2013-06-19 上海海洋大学 Penaeus vannamei farming method combining bioflocculation technology and multi-trophic-level integrated farming mode
KR101479846B1 (en) * 2013-06-08 2015-01-12 주식회사 네오엔비즈 Automatic aquaculture tank for bio-floc include a guide rail.

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CN102515339A (en) * 2011-11-02 2012-06-27 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 Culturing method of biological flocculation for aquiculture
CN102487879A (en) * 2011-12-12 2012-06-13 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 Method for facilitating formation of microbial floccules in freshwater aquiculture pond
CN103155891A (en) * 2013-03-21 2013-06-19 上海海洋大学 Penaeus vannamei farming method combining bioflocculation technology and multi-trophic-level integrated farming mode
KR101479846B1 (en) * 2013-06-08 2015-01-12 주식회사 네오엔비즈 Automatic aquaculture tank for bio-floc include a guide rail.

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105230548A (en) * 2015-11-25 2016-01-13 上海海洋大学 Tilapia high yield breeding method
CN105230548B (en) * 2015-11-25 2018-11-09 上海海洋大学 A kind of Tilapia mossambica high-yield cultivation method
CN106538426A (en) * 2016-11-06 2017-03-29 大连宝发海珍品有限公司 A kind of high resistance to cold and diseases Cynoglossus semilaevis fish breeding method
CN108147553A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-06-12 广州日日红水环境处理有限公司 A kind of factory formula of denitrogenation-type biological flocculation
CN111285475A (en) * 2020-03-20 2020-06-16 盐城工学院 Aquaculture waste resource utilization method
CN111887193A (en) * 2020-08-17 2020-11-06 湖州师范学院 Pond tail water treatment system based on 'biological floc group' technology
CN115072883A (en) * 2022-06-17 2022-09-20 上海海洋大学 Biological floc particles and activation method and application thereof
CN115072883B (en) * 2022-06-17 2023-11-14 上海海洋大学 Biological floc particles and activation method and application thereof

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