CN105043278B - A kind of method of contactless multimetering bore inner diameter - Google Patents
A kind of method of contactless multimetering bore inner diameter Download PDFInfo
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- CN105043278B CN105043278B CN201510227421.2A CN201510227421A CN105043278B CN 105043278 B CN105043278 B CN 105043278B CN 201510227421 A CN201510227421 A CN 201510227421A CN 105043278 B CN105043278 B CN 105043278B
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Abstract
A kind of method of contactless multimetering bore inner diameter, the method for the measurement bore inner diameter comprise the following steps：Build three sensors or four sensor definite values compare measurement head；Measurement optical axis to laser displacement sensor is adjusted, and meets preparatory condition when preceding measurement and measurement respectively；Obtain the radius of tested circular hole.For this method using contactless definite value comparative measurement method, non-cpntact measurement head improves the security of measurement away from measured object surface.When this method measures inner hole of workpiece aperture, as long as measurement head is placed in tested aperture.Without being operated to the heart, adjustment etc., measurement efficiency is substantially increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geometric measurement field, more particularly to a kind of side of contactless multimetering bore inner diameter
Method.
Background technology
With the fast development of China's industrial manufacturing industry, effect of the precision measurement equipment in industrial manufacturing process becomes to be cured
Send out important, Aero-Space, shipbuilding make the fields such as warship, engine and turbine and are required for geometric measurement technology as effectively branch
Support.Whenever needing manufacturing in-site measurement workpiece, the on-machine measurement problem of inner hole of workpiece diameter can be nearly all faced.Traditional
Diameter of bore measuring method, mainly has：Micrometer, universal comparator, Abbe horizontal metroscope, dial gauge.These methods need mostly
Manually measure, measurement efficiency is low and introduces human error, it is difficult to realizes automation.In addition, new measuring method also has
A lot, mainly have at present：Air-gauge, three coordinate measuring machine and image measurer etc..However, three coordinate measuring machine and image are surveyed
Amount instrument can not realize On-machine Test, and carrying workpiece needs to expend a large amount of man-hours, be unfavorable for improving production efficiency.Although air-gauge
On-machine measurement can be realized, but needs manual hand manipulation, measurement efficiency is low.Importantly, due to the limitation of working distance, amount
Tool easily collides with measured piece, causes to damage.
Bore inner diameter in machine, precision, automatic measurement problem, be always the problem of China's industry manufacture field.It is comprehensive
Background above, it is primarily present following difficult point：
1st, the operational issue of measuring instrument：Inside diameter measurement due to being limited by space with measured, survey by no image of Buddha outside dimension
Amount only can just measure in outside simple installation like that, be difficult to realize automation.
2nd, the problem of measurement accuracy：The accurate measurement of bore inner diameter how is realized, is always urgent problem to be solved.
3rd, on measurement efficiency the problem of.On-machine measurement can save machining period, but there are still measuring method
Quick sex chromosome mosaicism.Traditional on-machine measurement means, use and manually measure mostly.Measurement efficiency is low, information content deficiency, artificially
Factor has a great influence.Therefore, seek fast and effectively bore diameter measuring method to be of great immediate significance.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method of contactless multimetering bore inner diameter, the present invention compares measurement using definite value
Mode, bore inner diameter can be rapidly and accurately measured, it is described below：
A kind of method of contactless multimetering bore inner diameter, the method for the measurement bore inner diameter include following step
Suddenly：
Build three sensor definite values and compare measurement head；
Measurement optical axis to laser displacement sensor is adjusted, and meets default bar when preceding the first measurement and measurement respectively
Part；
Tested circular hole is the circumscribed circle of constructed triangle, and the radius of tested circular hole is obtained according to external Triangle Formula.
Wherein, the three sensors definite value, which compares measurement head, includes：Measurement head bottom surface fixed disk, the measurement head bottom surface are consolidated
Measurement head axis is provided with price fixing, angled and range adjustment disk, the angle and range are socketed on the measurement head axis
Fixed and adjustment hole is provided with adjustment disk, three fixing rack for sensor, the sensor are provided with the measurement head axis
Laser displacement sensor is installed on fixed mount, sensor is provided with the laser displacement sensor and is fixed and set screw.
Wherein, shaft coupling in measurement head is provided with the top of the measurement head axis, shaft coupling connects in the measurement head
There is measurement head connecting rod, the measurement head connecting rod is used to be connected with machine tool chief axis；Set in the side wall of the measurement head axis
There are data and power supply line three-way hole.
Further, adjustment disk connecting screw is provided with the laser displacement sensor；The laser displacement sensor
For laser triangulation location displacement sensor.
Further, preparatory condition is before first measurement：The measurement light of three laser displacement sensors is adjusted respectively
Axle, make three measurement optical axises at grade, and the extended line of three measurement optical axises is met at a bit, three measurement optical axises are two-by-two
Between angle be 120 °；Preparatory condition is during first measurement：Three sensor definite values are compared into measurement head to be placed in circular hole
Portion optional position, three sensor definite values of adjustment compare measurement head, three measurement optical axises is located on the normal section of circular hole, with tested
The center of circle of circular hole is the origin of coordinates, builds X-Y coordinate axle.
Another embodiment, a kind of method of contactless multimetering bore inner diameter, the method for the measurement bore inner diameter
Comprise the following steps：
Build four sensor definite values and compare measurement head；
Measurement optical axis to laser displacement sensor is adjusted, and meets default bar when preceding the second measurement and measurement respectively
Part；
Obtain the radius of tested circular hole.
Wherein, the four sensors definite value, which compares measurement head, includes：Measurement head bottom surface fixed disk,
Measurement head axis is provided with the fixed disk of the measurement head bottom surface, angled and amount is socketed on the measurement head axis
Fixed and adjustment hole is provided with journey adjustment disk, the angle and range adjustment disk, four are provided with the measurement head axis
Fixing rack for sensor, laser displacement sensor is installed on the fixing rack for sensor, set on the laser displacement sensor
There is sensor to fix and set screw.
Wherein, shaft coupling in measurement head is provided with the top of the measurement head axis, shaft coupling connects in the measurement head
There is measurement head connecting rod, the measurement head connecting rod is used to be connected with machine tool chief axis；Set in the side wall of the measurement head axis
There are data and power supply line three-way hole.
Further, adjustment disk connecting screw is provided with the laser displacement sensor；The laser displacement sensor
For laser triangulation location displacement sensor.
Further, preparatory condition is before second measurement：The measurement light of four laser displacement sensors is adjusted respectively
Axle so that four measure optical axises at grade, and the extended lines of four measurement optical axises are met at a bit, adjacent two measurements
Optical axis included angle is 90 °, and relative two measurement optical axises are point-blank；
Preparatory condition is during first measurement：Four sensor definite values are compared into measurement head and are placed in any position inside circular hole
Put, four sensor definite values of adjustment compare measurement head, and the plane where making four measurement optical axises is located on the normal section of circular hole, with quilt
The center of circle for surveying circular hole is the origin of coordinates, builds X-Y coordinate axle.
The beneficial effect of technical scheme provided by the invention is：
1st, security is measured：Contact type measurement typically requires that operating personnel are located at operation, reading near measurement key element or drawn
Lead, be difficult to realize automatic measurement.This method is using contactless definite value comparative measurement method, and non-cpntact measurement head is away from tested
Thing surface, improve the security of measurement.
2nd, measurement precision：Using high precision laser displacement sensor, measured object can be quickly and accurately measured to sensing
The distance of device；Using definite value comparative measurement method, error chain is greatly reduced, is advantageous to improve measurement accuracy.
3rd, operation ease：When this method measures inner hole of workpiece aperture, as long as measurement head is placed in tested aperture.
Without being operated to the heart, adjustment etc., measurement efficiency is substantially increased.
4th, on-machine measurement can be achieved：Non-cpntact measurement head is arranged on lathe, utilizes the Motor execution machine of lathe itself
Structure, it may be implemented in machine accurate measurement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart that three sensor definite values compare measurement head；
Fig. 2 is laser displacement sensor measurement head middle shaft structure figure；
Fig. 3 is laser displacement sensor and fixed mount constitutional diagram；
Fig. 4 is the measurement model figure of 3 points of measurement Circularhole diameters；
Fig. 5 is the structure chart that four sensor definite values compare measurement head；
Fig. 6 is four sensor head bottom disassemblying structure figures；
Fig. 7 is the measurement model figure of 4 points of measurement Circularhole diameters.
Shown in components listed is listed as follows in accompanying drawing：
1st, measurement head connecting rod；2nd, angle and range adjustment disk；
3rd, fixed and adjustment hole；4th, sensor is fixed and set screw；
5th, laser displacement sensor；6th, fixing rack for sensor；
7th, measurement head bottom surface fixed disk；8th, measurement head axis；
9th, shaft coupling in measurement head；10th, data and power supply line three-way hole；
11st, laser beam；12nd, adjustment disk connecting screw.
Embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to embodiment party of the present invention
Formula is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of contactless multimetering bore inner diameter, referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, in the measurement circular hole
The method in footpath comprises the following steps：
101：Build three sensor definite values and compare measurement head；
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, three sensor definite values, which compare measurement head, to be included：Measurement head bottom surface fixed disk 7, measurement head bottom surface
Measurement head axis 8 is provided with fixed disk 7, angled and range adjustment disk 2 is socketed on measurement head axis 8, angle and range are adjusted
Fixed and adjustment hole 3 is provided with section disk 2, three fixing rack for sensor 6, fixing rack for sensor 6 are provided with measurement head axis 8
On laser displacement sensor 5 is installed, be provided with laser displacement sensor 5 sensor fix and set screw 4.
Referring to Fig. 2, the top of measurement head axis 8 is provided with shaft coupling 9 in measurement head, and shaft coupling 9 is connected with measurement head
Measurement head connecting rod 1, measurement head connecting rod 1 are used to be connected with machine tool chief axis；Be provided with the side wall of measurement head axis 8 data and
Power supply line three-way hole 10.
Referring to Fig. 3, adjustment disk connecting screw 12 is provided with laser displacement sensor 5, the transmitting of laser displacement sensor 5 swashs
Light light beam 11.
Wherein, the preferred laser triangulation location displacement sensor of laser displacement sensor.
102：Measurement optical axis to laser displacement sensor is adjusted, and is met respectively pre- when the first measurement is preceding and measures
If condition；
Referring to Fig. 4, before measurement, the measurement optical axis (P of three laser displacement sensors 5 is adjusted respectively1A、P2B and P3C), make
Obtain three measurement optical axises at grade, and the extended lines of three measurement optical axises meet at a point O (i.e. O points three laser of expression
The center of displacement sensor optical axis), the angle of three measurement optical axises between any two is 120 ° of (i.e. P1A and P2Folder between B
Angle is 120 °；P1A and P3Angle between C is 120 °；P2B and P3Angle between C is 120 °).
Referring to Fig. 4, if the center of circle of tested circular hole is O1Point, and with O1Point is origin, establishes X-Y coordinate axle., will during measurement
Three sensor definite values compare measurement head and are placed in optional position inside tested circular hole, and three sensor definite values of adjustment compare measurement head, made
Three measurement optical axis (P1A、P2B and P3C) on the normal section of tested circular hole, now, O1Point is the center of circle of tested circular hole.
103：The circumscribed circle that tested circular hole is triangle ABC, the radius of tested circular hole is obtained according to external Triangle Formula.
Referring to Fig. 4, measurement optical axis P1A、P2B and P3P in C1、P2And P3The survey of three laser displacement sensors is represented respectively
Measure starting point；A, B and C represents the measurement point that laser beam 11 is penetrated on tested circular hole respectively；Measure optical axis P1A、P2B and P3C also divides
The measured value of three laser displacement sensors is not expressed as.OP1、OP2And OP3It is expressed as three laser displacement sensors
Range starting point to three measuring beam intersection points distance, can by demarcation (by repeatedly measuring the circular hole of known internal diameter, can
With reverse OP1、OP2And OP3Length) obtain, i.e. OP1、OP2And OP3It is known.
If the radius of tested circular hole is R, S is the area of triangle, and tested circular hole is can determine that according to external Triangle Formula
Radius：
According to Heron's formula：
Have：
According to the cosine law, have：
Similarly：
Because：
Wherein, OA, OB, OC are the distance of measurement point A, B, C to the extending line intersection point O of measurement optical axis.Therefore, it is tested circular hole
Radius R can ask.
During real work, measurement head connecting rod 1 is arranged in the mechanism with translation function first, forms complete set
Measuring system, and three sensor definite values are compared into measurement head and are placed in inside tested circular hole, three measurement optical axis (P1A、P2B and
P3C) on the normal section of circular hole, you can obtain the radius measurement of tested circular hole, whole measurement process is simple, quick.It is logical
The three sensor definite values for crossing structure of the embodiment of the present invention compare measurement head, and measuring method can with it is high-precision get it is tested
The radius of circular hole.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of contactless multimetering bore inner diameter, referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, measurement circle
The method of hole internal diameter comprises the following steps：
201：Build four sensor definite values and compare measurement head；
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, four sensor definite values, which compare measurement head, to be included：Measurement head bottom surface fixed disk 7, measurement head
Measurement head axis 8 is provided with bottom surface fixed disk 7, angled and range adjustment disk 2, angle and amount are socketed on measurement head axis 8
Fixed and adjustment hole 3 is provided with journey adjustment disk 2, four fixing rack for sensor 6 are provided with measurement head axis 8, each sensing
Laser displacement sensor 5 is installed on device fixed mount 6, sensor is provided with laser displacement sensor 5 and is fixed and set screw
4。
That is four sensor definite values compare measurement head and three sensor definite values compare differing only in for measurement head：Sensor is consolidated
Determine frame 6, laser displacement sensor 5 and fixed different with the quantity of adjustment hole 3, remaining structure all same.
Referring to Fig. 2, the top of measurement head axis 8 is provided with shaft coupling 9 in measurement head, and shaft coupling 9 is connected with measurement head
Measurement head connecting rod 1, measurement head connecting rod 1 are used to be connected with machine tool chief axis；Be provided with the side wall of measurement head axis 8 data and
Power supply line three-way hole 10.
Referring to Fig. 3, adjustment disk connecting screw 12 is provided with laser displacement sensor 5, laser displacement sensor 5 sends sharp
Light light beam 11.
Wherein, the preferred laser triangulation location displacement sensor of laser displacement sensor.
202：Measurement optical axis to laser displacement sensor is adjusted, and is met respectively pre- when the second measurement is preceding and measures
If condition；
Referring to Fig. 7, before measurement, the measurement optical axis (P of four laser displacement sensors 5 is adjusted respectively1A、P2B、P3C and
P4D) so that four measure optical axises at grade, and the extended lines of four measurement optical axises meet at a point O (i.e. O points expressions four
The center of individual laser displacement sensor measurement optical axis), adjacent two measurement optical axis included angles be 90 ° (such as：Measure optical axis P1A
And P4Angle between D is 90 °, P2B and P3Angle between C is 90 °), and relative two measurement optical axises are point-blank
(such as：Measure optical axis P1A and P2B point-blank, P3C and P4D is point-blank).
Referring to Fig. 7, during measurement, four sensor definite values are compared into measurement head and are placed in optional position inside tested circular hole, adjustment
Four sensor definite values compare measurement head, make four measurement optical axis (P1A、P2B、P3C and P4D the plane where) is located at tested circular hole
Normal section on, now, O1Point is the center of circle of tested circular hole.
203：Obtain the radius of tested circular hole；
Referring to Fig. 7, measurement optical axis P1A、P2B、P3C and P4P in D1、P2、P3And P4Four laser displacement sensings are represented respectively
The measurement starting point of device 5；A, B, C and D represent the measurement point of four laser displacement sensors respectively；Measure optical axis P1A、P2B、P3C and
P3D is also expressed as the measured value of four laser displacement sensors.OP1、OP2、OP3And OP4It is expressed as four sensors
Range starting point to the distance of four measuring beam intersection points, can obtain that (the step of specific demarcation is referring to implementation by demarcation
Example 1, the present embodiment is not repeated this), i.e. OP1、OP2、OP3And OP4It is known.
If circle hole radius are R, then have：
With reference to formula (7) and (8), have：
R2=1/4 (O1B2+O1A2+O1C2+O1D2) (9)
It is known
Wherein, OA, OB, OC and OD are the distance of measurement point A, B, C, D to the extending line intersection point O of measurement optical axis.Therefore, quilt
Surveying the radius R of circular hole can ask.
During real work, measurement head connecting rod 1 is arranged in the mechanism with translation function first, forms complete set
Measuring system, and four sensor definite values are compared into measurement head and are placed in inside tested circular hole, four measurement optical axis (P1A、P2B、P3C
And P4D) on the normal section of circular hole, you can obtain the radius measurement of tested circular hole, whole measurement process is simple, quick.
The four sensor definite values built by the embodiment of the present invention compare measurement head, and measuring method can with it is high-precision get by
Survey the radius of circular hole.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that accompanying drawing is the schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment, the embodiments of the present invention
Sequence number is for illustration only, does not represent the quality of embodiment.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. method of contactless multimetering bore inner diameter, it is characterised in that the method bag of the measurement bore inner diameter Include following steps：Build three sensor definite values and compare measurement head；Measurement optical axis to laser displacement sensor is adjusted, and meets preparatory condition when preceding the first measurement and measurement respectively；Tested circular hole is the circumscribed circle of constructed triangle, and the radius of tested circular hole is obtained according to external Triangle Formula；Preparatory condition is before first measurement：The measurement optical axis of three laser displacement sensors is adjusted respectively, makes three measurements At grade, and the extended lines of three measurement optical axises are met at some optical axis, and three measurement optical axises angles between any two are 120°；Preparatory condition is during first measurement：Three sensor definite values are compared into measurement head and are placed in any position inside tested circular hole Put, three sensor definite values of adjustment compare measurement head, three measurement optical axises is located on the normal section of tested circular hole, to be tested circular hole The center of circle be the origin of coordinates, build X-Y coordinate axle；The three sensors definite value, which compares measurement head, to be included：Measurement head bottom surface fixed disk,Measurement head axis is provided with the fixed disk of the measurement head bottom surface, angled and range is socketed on the measurement head axis and is adjusted Disk is saved, fixed and adjustment hole is provided with the angle and range adjustment disk, three sensings are provided with the measurement head axis Device fixed mount, laser displacement sensor is installed on the fixing rack for sensor, biography is provided with the laser displacement sensor Sensor is fixed and set screw；Shaft coupling in measurement head is provided with the top of the measurement head axis, shaft coupling is connected with measurement head company in the measurement head Extension bar, the measurement head connecting rod are used to be connected with machine tool chief axis；Data and electricity are provided with the side wall of the measurement head axis Source line three-way hole；When methods described measures inner hole of workpiece aperture, as long as measurement head is placed in tested aperture, without being operated to the heart, adjustment；Adjustment disk connecting screw is provided with the laser displacement sensor；The laser displacement sensor is surveyed for laser triangulation Displacement transducer.
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| CN201510227421.2A CN105043278B (en) | 2015-05-06 | 2015-05-06 | A kind of method of contactless multimetering bore inner diameter |
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| CN201510227421.2A CN105043278B (en) | 2015-05-06 | 2015-05-06 | A kind of method of contactless multimetering bore inner diameter |
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| CN105043278B true CN105043278B (en) | 2018-02-13 |
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| CN106441130A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-02-22 | 苏州蓝王机床工具科技有限公司 | Multi-point laser internal diameter measuring instrument and measurement calculation method thereof |
| CN106152956B (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2019-05-21 | 苏州蓝王机床工具科技有限公司 | A kind of laser inside diameter measuring instrument |
| CN106323185A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-01-11 | 苏州蓝王机床工具科技有限公司 | Digital display laser inner diameter measuring instrument |
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| CN110702006B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-02-09 | 江苏理工学院 | Device for automatically detecting position precision of peripheral cloth holes |
| CN110986853A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-10 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Equipment for measuring size of tail nozzle of engine at multiple points |
| CN112325782A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-05 | 太原科技大学 | Method and device for measuring radius of arc-shaped workpiece in real time |
| CN113587830B (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2022-08-23 | 上海柏酷信息技术有限公司 | Device and method for measuring inner diameter of circular hole at non-contact 3 points |
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