CN110455227A - Method for detecting the coaxiality error of the telescopic four-way shaft hole - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is four through axial bore coaxiality error detection method of telescope, is related to the technical field of the optical detection of optoelectronic device processing, solves the technical issues of four through axial bore coaxiality error of large scale lacks detection method.Technical characteristic includes setting up laser tracker in the side of four through axial bore, laser tracker measures the end face of four through axial bore, and laser tracker is fitted the center of circle of four-way side axis hole, and establishes coordinate, laser tracker is fitted the center of circle of four-way other side axis hole in new coordinate system, obtains testing result.With the detection that can be applied to four through axial bore coaxiality error of small-medium size simultaneously, detection process is completed on machining tool, is not required to carrying and secondary clamping, the correct error of secondary clamping is avoided, production efficiency is improved, reduces testing cost, operating method is simple, is suitable for the effect promoted.

Description

Method for detecting the coaxiality error of the telescopic four-way shaft hole

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of optical detection for photoelectric equipment processing, in particular to a method for detecting the coaxiality error of a telescopic four-way shaft hole.

Background technique

The four-way of the telescope is the carrier of the optical observation system. Both sides are connected by shafts and bearings to realize the rotation motion of the telescope pitch. The coaxiality error of the four-way shaft hole is a main error item of the rotation movement, and its error size directly affects the rotation. Accuracy, which in turn affects the pointing and tracking accuracy of the telescope. When there are misalignment errors in the shaft holes at both ends of the four-way, as shown in Figure 1, the left axis 1 and right axis 3 connected to the four-way shaft holes also have inconsistencies. The coaxiality error d will seriously affect the rotation accuracy of the four-way, and then bring errors to the telescope pointing.

For the coaxiality error of the four-way shaft hole with a smaller size, a three-coordinate measuring instrument can be used to detect the four-way. Measure a few points on the top, fit the axis, measure a few points on the right shaft hole, and fit the axis of the right shaft hole, the offset of the two axes is the coaxiality error of the four-way shaft hole . This method needs to move the four-way to the workbench of the three-coordinate measuring instrument, especially for the large-sized four-way, the handling is troublesome, and a large-scale three-coordinate measuring instrument is required, which is costly and not suitable for promotion.

Contents of the invention

The invention solves the technical problem of the lack of a detection method for the coaxiality error of the large-scale four-way shaft hole, and provides a detection method for the coaxiality error of the four-way shaft hole of the telescope.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution of the present invention is specifically as follows:

A method for detecting the coaxiality error of the telescopic four-way shaft hole, the detection method specifically includes the following steps:

The first step is to place the processed four-way on the processing machine stably, and set up a laser tracker on one side (for example, the left side) of the four-way shaft hole direction, so that the laser of the laser tracker can shine on both sides of the four-way shaft hole, and establish a geodetic coordinate system with the laser tracker as the origin;

The second step is to attach the target ball equipped with a magnetic seat to the end face of the shaft hole on the side of the crossbar close to the laser tracker. The target ball is a reflector that can reflect the laser emitted by the laser tracker in the same way and move the target ball. The laser tracker can measure the spatial position coordinates of the target ball. The laser tracker measures the uniformly distributed points at multiple positions where the target ball moves, and fits the plane of the end face of the shaft hole on the side of the crossbar close to the laser tracker;

The third step is to adsorb the target ball on the front of the positioning seat. The positioning seat is fixed with a magnetic steel and two positioning columns. The positioning seat with the magnetic steel is adsorbed on the end face of the shaft hole on the side of the four-way near the laser tracker. , and fit the circumferential side of the two positioning posts with the shaft hole of the cross, and use the two positioning posts to ensure that the distance between the target ball and the center of the shaft hole on the side of the cross near the laser tracker is unique, while ensuring the distance between the two positioning posts On the premise that the circumference side fits with the shaft hole of the cross, the positioning seat fits on the end surface of the shaft hole and moves several positions, so that the target ball moves several points evenly in the shaft hole, and the laser tracker measures the target ball’s position respectively. The position coordinates are used to fit the center of the shaft hole on the side of the crossbar close to the laser tracker;

In the fourth step, the plane of the end face of the shaft hole on the side of the four-way fitting close to the laser tracker in the second step is taken as the x-y plane, and the center of the shaft hole on the side of the four-way fitting close to the laser tracker in the third step is The origin, take the horizontal as the x direction, and establish a new measurement coordinate system;

The fifth step is to attach the positioning seat to the end face of the shaft hole on the side away from the laser tracker. The target ball is adsorbed to the opposite side of the positioning seat so that the laser tracker can irradiate the target ball. Use the two positioning columns of the positioning seat to ensure The distance between the target ball and the center of the shaft hole on the side of the four-way away from the laser tracker is the same. Move the positioning seat as in the third step, and make the target ball move several points evenly in the shaft hole. The laser tracker measures the distance of the target ball respectively. The position coordinates are used to fit the center of the shaft hole on the side of the four way away from the laser tracker;

In the sixth step, in the new measurement coordinate system established in the fourth step, the fitted coordinate value of the center of the shaft hole on the side of the four way away from the laser tracker is the misalignment error of the shaft holes on both sides of the cross way.

Preferably, in the second step, the target ball moves uniformly at least six points on the end surface of the shaft hole.

Preferably, in the third step and the fifth step, the positioning seat drives the target ball to move uniformly at least eight points in the shaft hole.

Preferably, the diameters of the two positioning posts are equal and perpendicular to the front and back sides of the positioning seat.

Preferably, the laser tracker is electrically connected with the control system.

The present invention has following beneficial effect:

The method for detecting the coaxiality error of the telescopic four-way shaft hole of the present invention solves the technical problem of the lack of a detection method for the coaxiality error of the large-sized four-way shaft hole, and can be applied to the detection of the coaxiality error of the small and medium-sized four-way shaft hole , The detection process is completed on the processing machine tool, without handling and secondary clamping, avoiding the alignment error of the secondary clamping, improving production efficiency, reducing detection costs, and the operation method is simple and suitable for promotion.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the influence principle of the four-way shaft hole misalignment error on the four-way rotation accuracy of the telescope four-way shaft hole coaxiality error detection method of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the four-way coaxiality measurement method of the telescope four-way shaft hole coaxiality error detection method of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the measurement schematic diagram of the laser tracker of the method for detecting the coaxiality error of the telescopic four-way shaft hole of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of placing the target ball and the positioning seat of the method for detecting the coaxiality error of the telescopic four-way shaft hole of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the positioning principle of the positioning seat of the method for detecting the coaxiality error of the telescopic four-way shaft hole of the present invention.

The reference signs in the figure represent:

1. Left axis; 2. Four-way; 3. Right axis; 4. Laser tracker; 5. Target ball; 6. Positioning seat; 7. Positioning column.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to Figure 1-5, the detection method for the coaxiality error of the telescope four-way shaft hole, including:

The first step is to place the processed four-way 2 on the processing machine stably, and set up a laser tracker 4 on one side (for example, the left side) of the four-way 2 axis hole direction, so that the laser of the laser tracker 4 can be irradiated to the four sides. Pass through the shaft holes on both sides of 2, and establish a geodetic coordinate system with the laser tracker 4 as the origin;

In the second step, the target ball 5 equipped with a magnetic seat is adsorbed on the end face of the shaft hole on the side of the four-way 2 close to the laser tracker 4. The target ball 5 is a reflector that can reflect the laser emitted by the laser tracker 4 in the same way. , moving the target ball 5, the laser tracker 4 can measure the spatial position coordinates of the target ball 5, the laser tracker 4 measures the uniformly distributed points of the multiple positions where the target ball 5 moves, and fits the four-way 2 close to the laser tracker 4- The plane of the end face of the shaft hole on the side;

In the third step, the target ball 5 is adsorbed on the front of the positioning seat 6, and the positioning seat 6 is fixedly equipped with a magnetic steel and two positioning columns 7, and the positioning seat 6 with the magnetic steel installed is adsorbed on the four-way 2 close to the laser tracker 4 On the end face of the shaft hole on one side, and fit the circumferential side of the two positioning posts 7 with the shaft holes of the cross 2, use the two positioning posts 7 to ensure that the target ball 5 and the cross 2 are close to the axis of the laser tracker side The distance between the center of the hole is unique. On the premise of ensuring that the circumferential sides of the two positioning columns 7 fit with the shaft holes of the cross 2, the positioning seat 6 fits on the end surface of the shaft hole and moves several positions, so that the target ball 5 is in the shaft hole. A number of points are evenly distributed inside, and the laser tracker 4 measures the position coordinates of the target ball 5 respectively, and fits out the center of the shaft hole of the four-way 2 near the laser tracker 4 side;

In the fourth step, the plane of the shaft hole end face on the side of the four-way 2 fitted in the second step close to the laser tracker 4 is the x-y plane, and the side of the four-way 2 fitted in the third step is close to the side of the laser tracker 4 The center of the shaft hole is taken as the origin, and the horizontal is taken as the x direction to establish a new measurement coordinate system;

The fifth step is to attach the positioning seat 6 to the shaft hole end face of the cross 2 away from the laser tracker 4, and the target ball 5 is adsorbed to the opposite side of the positioning seat 6, so that the laser tracker 4 can irradiate the target ball 5. The two positioning columns 7 of the seat 6 ensure that the distance between the target ball 5 and the center of the shaft hole on the side of the crossbar 2 away from the laser tracker 4 is unique, and the positioning seat 6 is moved as in the third step, and the target ball 5 is evenly spaced in the shaft hole. Several points are laid out, and the laser tracker 4 measures the position coordinates of the target ball 5 respectively, and the center of the shaft hole on the side of the four-way 2 away from the laser tracker 4 is fitted;

In the sixth step, in the new measurement coordinate system established in the fourth step, the fitted coordinate value of the center of the shaft hole on the side of the four-way 2 away from the laser tracker 4 is that the shaft holes on both sides of the four-way 2 are not in the same axis degree of error.

Working principle: The placement position of the laser tracker 4 in the first step only needs to be such that its laser can irradiate the shaft holes on both sides of the cross 2, as shown in Figure 3, the placement accuracy of the laser tracker 4 The requirements are not high, the operation is convenient and the work efficiency is improved. During the entire measurement process, the position of the laser tracker 4 is fixed, and a preliminary coordinate system is established with the laser tracker 4 as the origin, that is, the geodetic coordinate system; in the second step, the target ball 5 is equipped with a magnetic seat, which can facilitate the inspection personnel Take the target ball 5 at any time, and adsorb the target ball 5 to the shaft hole end face of the cross 2 near the laser tracker 4 at any time. At the same time, the thickness of the magnetic seat remains unchanged, and the target ball 5 is adsorbed to the shaft hole each time When on the end face, the distance between the target ball 5 and the end face of the shaft hole can be guaranteed to be unique, thus ensuring that the coordinates of the spatial position of the target ball 5 measured by the laser tracker 4 are a real value, that is, the target ball is measured by the laser tracker 4 5, the fitted coordinate values can truly reflect the flatness of the end face of the shaft hole and ensure the accuracy of the values; the third step is to attach the target ball 5 to the front of the positioning seat 6, and the front of the positioning seat 6 is relatively That is to say, it is to ensure that the target ball 5 can face the laser tracker 4, so that the laser tracker 4 can irradiate the target ball 5, under the premise of ensuring that the circumferential sides of the two positioning columns 7 fit with the shaft holes of the cross 2 , the positioning seat 6 fits on the end face of the shaft hole and moves several positions, which can ensure that each time the positioning seat 6 moves, the distance between the target ball 5 and the center of the shaft hole on the side of the cross 2 close to the laser tracker is unique, ensuring the measurement results Accuracy, so that the target ball 5 is evenly distributed in several points in the shaft hole, the positioning seat 6 can move at a similar distance each time, and surround the shaft hole for a week, so that the target ball 5 is evenly distributed in several points in the shaft hole, and the laser The tracker 4 measures the position coordinates of the target ball 5 respectively, and fits the center of the shaft hole of the four-way 2 near the side of the laser tracker 4, and then uses the new center of the circle and the newly measured end face as a new coordinate system; the fifth step , under the premise that the position of the laser tracker 4 is fixed, the positioning seat 6 is adsorbed on the end face of the shaft hole on the side of the cross 2 away from the laser tracker 4, and the target ball 5 is adsorbed on the opposite side of the positioning seat 6, so that the laser tracker 4 can be irradiated to the target ball 5, repeat the steps of the third step, and fit the center of the shaft hole on the side of the four-way 2 away from the laser tracker 4; in the sixth step, the fitted four-way 2 is far away from the laser tracker 4- Comparing the coordinates of the center of the shaft hole on the side with the previous new coordinate system, the degree of misalignment of the two holes of the cross 2 can be obtained. It solves the technical problem of the lack of detection method for the coaxiality error of the large-size four-way shaft hole, and can be applied to the detection of the coaxiality error of the small and medium-sized four-way shaft hole. The detection process is completed on the processing machine tool, without the need for handling and secondary Clamping can avoid the alignment error of secondary clamping, improve production efficiency, reduce testing costs, and the operation method is simple and suitable for promotion.

In the second step, the target ball 5 moves uniformly at least six points on the end surface of the shaft hole.

Working principle: It is understandable that in order to measure more real data, the target ball 5 needs to move several positions, and then can fit the real data of the end face of the shaft hole. According to the actual work experience, the target ball 5 is in the shaft hole There are at least six moving points on the end face, and the basic uniform distribution is required, so that the real situation of the end face of the shaft hole can be more realistically reflected; if the relatively large cross 2, the moving points of the target ball 5 are evenly distributed on the end face of the shaft hole More, so as to measure the true value of the end face of the shaft hole.

In the third step and the fifth step, the positioning seat 6 drives the target ball 5 to move uniformly at least eight points in the shaft hole. +

Working principle: It can be understood that if the volume of the four-way 2 is large and the shaft hole is large, if the target ball 5 moves evenly in the shaft hole at only two points, or three points, or five points, according to these The accuracy of the center of the circle fitted by three points is obviously inaccurate. The target ball 5 moves evenly at least eight points in the shaft hole, so that the fitted center of the circle can be close to the real value. The more points the target ball 5 moves, the more simulated The combined center of circle is closer to the true value, and the actual work is also to make the target ball 5 move evenly as much as possible, so that the measured value can be accurate.

The diameters of the two positioning posts 7 are equal and perpendicular to the front and back sides of the positioning seat 6 .

Working principle: Because the shaft hole of the cross 2 is perpendicular to the end face of the shaft hole of the cross 2, when the positioning seat 6 is adsorbed to the end face of the shaft hole of the cross 2, it can ensure that the two positioning columns 7 are in close contact with the inner wall of the shaft hole. In this way, the distance between the target ball 5 and the center of the shaft hole on the side of the four-way 2 close to the laser tracker is unique, and the diameters of the two positioning columns 7 are equal, which ensures that when the positioning seat 6 is moved a circle, A number of strings are formed, and the perfect circle center can be meshed by connecting the strings at the end, which makes the measurement result more realistic and convenient for the inspection personnel to operate.

The laser tracker 4 is electrically connected with the control system.

Working principle: It is understandable that the laser tracker 4 feeds back all the points of the measurement results to the control system, and displays them on the coordinate system in the computer, so that the value of the coaxiality can be seen more intuitively.

Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clear description, rather than limiting the implementation. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or changes derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of four through axial bore coaxiality error detection method of telescope, which is characterized in that the detection method specifically includes as follows Step:

The four-way (2) of completion of processing is placed steady, the side frame in four-way (2) axis hole direction by the first step on machining tool If laser tracker (4), so that the laser of laser tracker (4) is irradiated to the two sides axis hole of four-way (2) and tracked with laser Instrument (4) is that origin establishes earth coordinates；

Target ball (5) equipped with magnet base is adsorbed on the axis hole end face of four-way (2) close to laser tracker (4) side by second step On, according to the mobile target ball (5) of certain distance, laser tracker (4) can measure the spatial position coordinate of target ball (5), swash It layouts and fits four-way (2) close to laser tracker (4) in the mobile multiple positions of optical tracker system (4) measurement target ball (5) The plane of the axis hole end face of side；

Target ball (5) is adsorbed on positioning seat (6) front by third step, and magnet steel and two positioning are fixedly installed on positioning seat (6) Column (7), the positioning seat (6) for being equipped with magnet steel are adsorbed on four-way (2) on the axis hole end face of laser tracker (4) and by two The circumference of a positioning column (7) is bonded with the axis hole of four-way (2), guarantees target ball (5) and four-way (2) using two positioning columns (7) Axis hole circle center distance close to laser tracker (4) side is unique, in circumference and four-way (2) for guaranteeing two positioning columns (7) Axis hole fitting under the premise of, positioning seat (6) is fitted on axis hole end face according to several mobile positions of certain distance, makes target ball (5) several points are uniformly moved in axis hole, laser tracker (4) measures the position coordinates of target ball (5) respectively, and then fits The axis hole center of circle of the four-way (2) close to laser tracker (4) side；

4th step, the plane with the axis hole end face of close laser tracker (4) side of the four-way (2) being fitted in second step are X-y plane, the four-way (2) being fitted in third step are origin close to the axis hole center of circle of laser tracker side, and taking horizontal is the side x To establishing new measurement coordinate system；

Positioning seat (6) is adsorbed on the axis hole end face of four-way (2) far from laser tracker (4) side by the 5th step, and target ball (5) is inhaled It is attached to the reverse side of positioning seat (6), makes laser tracker (4) that target ball (5) can be irradiated to, utilizes two positioning of positioning seat (6) Column (7) guarantees that the axis hole circle center distance of target ball (5) with four-way (2) far from laser tracker (4) side is unique, the same with third step Running fix seat (6) simultaneously makes target ball (5) uniformly move several points in axis hole, and laser tracker (4) measures target ball respectively (5) position coordinates, and then fit the axis hole center of circle of four-way (2) far from laser tracker (4) side；

6th step, in the new measurement coordinate system that the 4th step is established, the four-way (2) fitted is far from laser tracker (4) one The coordinate value in the axis hole center of circle of side is four-way two sides axis hole malalignment error.

2. four through axial bore coaxiality error detection method of telescope as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in second step In, target ball (5) uniformly moves at 1 points in axis hole end face.

3. four through axial bore coaxiality error detection method of telescope as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: in third step and In 5th step, positioning seat (6) drives target ball (5) uniformly to move in axis hole at 1 points.

4. four through axial bore coaxiality error detection method of telescope as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that two positioning columns (7) diameter is equal and tow sides perpendicular to positioning seat (6).

5. four through axial bore coaxiality error detection method of telescope as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that laser tracker (4) it is electrically connected with external control system.