CN109655017B - Pipeline coaxiality measuring system - Google Patents
Pipeline coaxiality measuring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109655017B CN109655017B CN201910136574.4A CN201910136574A CN109655017B CN 109655017 B CN109655017 B CN 109655017B CN 201910136574 A CN201910136574 A CN 201910136574A CN 109655017 B CN109655017 B CN 109655017B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B11/27—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
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Abstract
A pipeline coaxiality measuring system belongs to the technical field of laser application and coaxiality measurement. The pipeline coaxiality measuring system comprises a laser transmitter, a laser receiver, a PSD signal storage module, a communication module and a measuring and processing module, wherein the laser receiver is arranged at the end part of a measured pipeline, the laser transmitter transmits a light beam to the input end of the laser receiver, the output end of the laser receiver is connected with the input end of the PSD signal storage module, the PSD signal storage module collects and records the position coordinates of a laser spot on the laser receiver, the output end of the PSD signal storage module is connected with the input end of the measuring and processing module, the measuring and processing module performs spherical fitting on the position coordinates of the laser spot to obtain the circle center coordinates of the measured pipeline, and compares the deviation condition of the circle center coordinates of the measured pipeline and the reference circle center coordinates. The pipeline coaxiality measuring system can realize non-contact measurement and can carry out high-efficiency and high-precision pipeline coaxiality measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser application and coaxiality measurement, in particular to a pipeline coaxiality measuring system.
Background
The pipeline has wide application in the fields of precision instrument manufacturing, aviation, aerospace, weapons, testing and the like. Such as steam pipes, gun barrels, collimator tubes, steam pipes and the like, the pipes are often used for exchanging heat energy and conveying high-pressure fluid, a bracket can be manufactured, large errors often occur in the processing or assembling process, the conventional pipe coaxiality measurement in China is basically used for manual measurement, the measurement precision and the automation degree are low, the requirements of modern high precision and high automation are difficult to meet, and the common optical quadrant instrument directly used is poor in measurement precision and high in cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems of low measurement precision, low automation degree, high cost and the like in the prior art, the invention provides a pipeline coaxiality measurement system which can realize non-contact measurement and can carry out high-efficiency and high-precision pipeline coaxiality measurement.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a pipeline axiality measurement system, includes laser emitter, laser receiver, PSD signal storage module, communication module and measurement processing module, laser receiver sets up the tip at the pipeline under test, laser emitter sends the light beam to laser receiver's input, laser receiver's output and PSD signal storage module's input are connected, PSD signal storage module gathers and takes notes laser receiver goes up the position coordinate of laser spot, and PSD signal storage module's output and measurement processing module's input are connected, measurement processing module is right the position coordinate of laser spot carries out spherical fitting and obtains the pipeline centre of a circle coordinate under test, and compares the skew condition of pipeline centre of a circle coordinate under test and benchmark centre of a circle coordinate.
The light beam emitted by the laser emitter is perpendicular to the end plane of the measured pipeline.
The output end of the laser receiver is connected with the input end of the PSD signal storage module through the communication module, and the output end of the PSD signal storage module is connected with the input end of the measurement processing module through the communication module.
The communication module is used for serial port communication.
The PSD signal storage module is provided with a display screen.
The laser receiver adopts a PSD position sensor.
The measurement processing module adopts a PC.
The use method of the pipeline coaxiality measuring system comprises the following steps:
step one, the laser emitter emits a light beam to enable the light beam to act on the laser receiver to obtain a first laser point, and the PSD signal storage module records the position coordinate (x) of the first laser point1，y1)；
Step two, coaxially rotating the detected pipeline by 3-5 degrees, and repeating the step one to obtain the position coordinate (x) of the laser point two2，y2) Sequentially and coaxially rotating the pipeline to be detected for one circle, and recording the position coordinates (x) of all laser points by the PSD signal storage modulei，yi)；
Step three, position coordinates (x) of all laser points recorded by the PSD signal storage modulei，yi) Setting the z coordinate to 0 to obtain the three-dimensional position coordinates (x) of all laser pointsi，yi0), to three-dimensional position coordinates (x)i，yiAnd 0) performing spherical fitting to obtain three-dimensional coordinates (x) of the circle center of the pipeline to be measured0，y0，0)，Further obtain the coordinates (x) of the center of the measured pipeline0，y0)；
Step four, calculating the coordinates (x) of the circle center of the pipeline to be measured0，y0) From the centre of the reference circle coordinate (x)01，y01) Is detected, wherein Δ x ═ x0-x01，△y＝y0-y01。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can realize automatic measurement, improve the automation degree, and has high measurement precision and low cost; the device can realize non-contact measurement, namely, high-efficiency and high-precision pipeline coaxiality measurement can be carried out under the condition of not directly using an instrument or manually contacting the pipeline, and the device is suitable for pipeline straightness measurement with high requirements on installation size precision and places with high requirements on real-time property.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a pipe coaxiality measurement system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pipeline coaxiality measuring system provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pipe coaxiality measuring system provided by the present invention.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
1-laser transmitter, 2-laser receiver, 3-measured pipeline, 4-communication module, 5-PSD signal storage module, 6-measurement processing module, 7-measured pipeline circle center coordinate, 8-reference circle center coordinate, and 9-position coordinate (x) of laser pointi，yi) 10-bracket, 11-adjusting bolt.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "a" and "an" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, such as "connected," and may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a pipe coaxiality measuring system, which comprises a laser transmitter 1 and a laser receiver 2, the device comprises a PSD signal storage module 5, a communication module 4 and a measurement processing module 6, wherein a laser receiver 2 is arranged at the end part of a measured pipeline 3, a laser transmitter 1 emits a light beam to the input end of the laser receiver 2, the output end of the laser receiver 2 is connected with the input end of the PSD signal storage module 5, the PSD signal storage module 5 collects and records the position coordinates of a laser spot on the laser receiver 2, the output end of the PSD signal storage module 5 is connected with the input end of the measurement processing module 6, the measurement processing module 6 performs spherical fitting on the position coordinates of the laser spot to obtain the circle center coordinates 7 of the measured pipeline, and the deviation condition of the circle center coordinates 7 of the measured pipeline and the reference circle center coordinates 8 is compared.
As shown in fig. 2, a light beam emitted by a laser emitter 1 is perpendicular to the end plane of a measured pipeline 3, the measured pipeline 3 is fixed through an adjusting bolt 11, the output end of a laser receiver 2 is connected with the input end of a PSD signal storage module 5 through a communication module 4, the output end of the PSD signal storage module 5 is connected with the input end of a measurement processing module 6 through the communication module 4, the communication module 4 is in serial port communication, the PSD signal storage module 5 is provided with a display screen, the laser receiver 2 adopts a PSD position sensor with the model of PSD-W203, and the measurement processing module 6 adopts a PC.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the model of the laser transmitter 1 is BA _ T250_1070_ E, and is fixed on the support 10, the laser transmitter 1 includes a laser tube and a collimating component, the laser emitted by the laser tube forms a light beam with good collimation through the collimating component, the PSD signal storage module 5 is a prior art used in cooperation with the laser receiver 2, and includes a PSD signal storage system and a peripheral circuit, the PSD signal storage module 5 can collect and record the position coordinates of the laser spot on the laser receiver 2 in real time, the PSD signal storage module 5 is provided with a display screen for displaying data in real time, an operator can view coordinate information on site, the position coordinates collected by the PSD signal storage module 5 are transmitted to the measurement processing module 6 through the communication module 4 for analysis and displaying the result, the measurement processing module 6 adopts a PC, both the PSD signal storage module 5 and the measurement processing module 6 can display in real time, only one is displayed on a PC, and the other is displayed on the site, so that an operator and a data processing worker can conveniently master the data at the same time. The measurement processing module 6 of the invention performs spherical fitting on the position coordinates of the laser spot to obtain the circle center coordinates 7 of the measured pipeline through Labview software, the spherical fitting module based on the Labview software processes the position coordinates recorded by the PSD signal storage module 5 to obtain the circle center coordinates 7 of the measured pipeline, and the deviation condition of the circle center coordinates 7 of the measured pipeline and the reference circle center coordinates 8 is calculated so as to adjust the axis of the measured pipeline 3 in real time.
The use method of the pipeline coaxiality measuring system comprises the following steps:
step one, a laser emitter 1 emits a light beam to enable the light beam to act on a laser receiver 2 to obtain a first laser point, and a PSD signal storage module 5 records the position coordinate (x) of the first laser point1，y1)；
Step two, coaxially rotating the detected pipeline 3 for 3-5 degrees, and repeating the step one to obtain the position coordinate (x) of the laser point two2，y2) Sequentially rotating the measured pipeline 3 coaxially for one circle, the PSD signal storage module 5 records the position coordinates (xi, yi)9 of all laser points, wherein i is 1, 2,3，4，5…；
step three, the position coordinates (x) of all the laser points recorded by the PSD signal storage module 5i，yi)9 setting the z coordinate to 0, obtaining the three-dimensional position coordinates (x) of all laser pointsi，yi0), to three-dimensional position coordinates (x)i，yiAnd 0) performing spherical fitting to obtain three-dimensional coordinates (x) of the circle center of the pipeline to be measured0，y00), from three-dimensional coordinates (x)0，y00) two-dimensional coordinates (x)0，y0) Further obtaining the coordinate 7 (x) of the center of the measured pipeline0，y0)；
Step four, calculating the center coordinates 7 (x) of the measured pipeline circle0，y0) And a reference circle center coordinate of 8 (x)01，y01) Is detected, wherein Δ x ═ x0-x01，△y＝y0-y01。
In the third step, when the position coordinates (xi, yi)9 of all laser points recorded by the PSD signal storage module 5 are subjected to spherical surface fitting, the z coordinate is set to be 0. In the present invention, the positional coordinates of the laser spot to be recorded are both two-dimensional coordinates, and when performing spherical fitting, three-dimensional coordinates are required, and therefore, the spherical fitting is performed by setting the z-coordinate to 0.
In order to measure the coaxial condition of the installation position of the pipeline and the actual reference position, namely the deviation condition of the circle center coordinate 7 of the measured pipeline and the reference circle center coordinate 8, the pipeline coaxiality measuring system of the invention is adopted for measurement, as shown in fig. 3, the working principle is as follows: the laser transmitter 1 emits a light beam to enable the light beam to act on the laser receiver 2, and the PSD signal storage module 5 records the current laser point as a position coordinate; coaxially rotating a measured pipeline 3 by an angle which is 3-5 degrees in the invention, emitting a light beam by a laser emitter 1 to enable the light beam to act on a laser receiver 2, recording the current laser point as a position coordinate by a PSD signal storage module 5 to obtain the position coordinate of the current laser point, as shown in figure 3, an arrow indicates that the measured pipeline 3 rotates, sequentially coaxially rotating the measured pipeline 3 for one circle, repeating the steps, and recording the obtained position coordinate (x) by the PSD signal storage module 5i，yi) Wherein i is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 …; at this time, the PSD signal storage module 5 transmits the data to the measurement processing module 6 through the communication module 4, and obtains the coordinates 7 (x) of the center of the measured pipeline by the spherical fitting method0，y0) When performing spherical surface fitting, the z coordinate needs to be set to be 0 to obtain a plane coordinate; and calculating the center coordinates 7 (x) of the measured pipeline0，y0) And a reference circle center coordinate of 8 (x)01，y01) Is detected, wherein Δ x ═ x0-x01，△y＝y0-y01Reference circle center coordinate 8 (x)01，y01) The coaxiality of the measured pipeline 3 is adjusted as known, namely the coordinate needing to be aligned.
In this embodiment, the transmitter 1 emits a light beam to make the light beam act on the laser receiver 2, the PSD signal storage module 5 records the current laser spot as a position coordinate to obtain the position coordinate of the current laser spot, as shown in fig. 3, an arrow indicates that the pipe 3 to be measured rotates at a rotation angle of 3-5 ° each time, the pipe 3 to be measured coaxially rotates for one circle by rotating in sequence, and the PSD signal storage module 5 records the obtained position coordinate (x)i，yi) Wherein i is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 …, wherein the coordinates of the position are partially (x)i，yi) As shown in table 1, at this time, the PSD signal storage module 5 transmits the data to the measurement processing module 6 through the communication module 4, sphere-fits the measured pipe center coordinates 7(4.28102, 3.22267) through the Labview software, and when performing the sphere-fit, it is necessary to set the z coordinate to 0 to obtain the plane coordinates, and calculate the deviation (4.28102, 3.22267) between the measured pipe center coordinates 7(4.28102, 3.22267) and the known reference center coordinates 8(0, 0), wherein 4.28102 is 4.28102-0, 3.22267 is 3.22267-0, and finally the coaxiality of the measured pipe 3 is adjusted according to the deviation (4.28102, 3.22267).
TABLE 1 partial position coordinates (x) recorded by PSD signal storage modulei，yi)
| i | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | … |
| xi | 4.824 | 4.41 | 3.332 | 0.959 | -5.172 | -2.479 | -4.282 | -5.691 | -5.949 | -4.627 | -3.959 | … |
| yi | 0.893 | 1.874 | 2.328 | 2.62 | -0.723 | -5.074 | -3.555 | -1.644 | -2.501 | -9.221 | -9.826 | … |
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (4)
1. A pipeline coaxiality measuring system is characterized by comprising a laser transmitter, a laser receiver, a PSD signal storage module, a communication module and a measuring and processing module, wherein the laser receiver is arranged at the end part of a measured pipeline, the laser transmitter emits a light beam to the input end of the laser receiver, the output end of the laser receiver is connected with the input end of the PSD signal storage module through the communication module, the PSD signal storage module collects and records the position coordinates of a laser spot on the laser receiver, the output end of the PSD signal storage module is connected with the input end of the measuring and processing module through the communication module, the PSD signal storage module is provided with a display screen, the communication module is in serial port communication, the measuring and processing module adopts a PC (personal computer), and the measuring and processing module performs spherical fitting on the position coordinates of the laser spot to obtain the coordinates of the circle center of the, and comparing the deviation condition of the center coordinates of the pipeline to be measured with the reference center coordinates.
2. The pipe coaxiality measuring system of claim 1, wherein the laser transmitter emits a beam perpendicular to the plane of the end of the pipe being measured.
3. The pipe coaxiality measurement system of claim 1, wherein the laser receiver employs a PSD position sensor.
4. A method of using a pipe coaxiality measuring system according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step one, the laser emitter emits a light beam to enable the light beam to act on the laser receiver to obtain a first laser point, and the PSD signal storage module records the position coordinate (x) of the first laser point1，y1)；
Step two, coaxially rotating the detected pipeline by 3-5 degrees, and repeating the step one to obtain the position coordinate (x) of the laser point two2，y2) Sequentially and coaxially rotating the pipeline to be detected for one circle, and recording the position coordinates (x) of all laser points by the PSD signal storage modulei，yi)；
Step three, position coordinates (x) of all laser points recorded by the PSD signal storage modulei，yi) Setting the z coordinate to 0 to obtain the three-dimensional position coordinates (x) of all laser pointsi，yi0), to three-dimensional position coordinates (x)i，yiAnd 0) performing spherical fitting to obtain three-dimensional coordinates (x) of the circle center of the pipeline to be measured0，y00) to obtain the coordinates (x) of the center of the measured pipeline0，y0)；
Step four, calculating the coordinates (x) of the circle center of the pipeline to be measured0，y0) From the centre of the reference circle coordinate (x)01，y01) Deviation of (2)A condition (Δ x, Δ y), where Δ x ═ x0-x01，△y＝y0-y01。
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| CN110186400B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2024-04-26 | 中国机械总院集团哈尔滨焊接研究所有限公司 | Friction welding coaxiality precision detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN110595280A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-20 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Device and method for calibrating axis consistency of efficient borescope |
| CN110594594A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-20 | 湖南煦丹电力科技有限公司 | Intelligent pipeline blockage tester |
| CN112163309B (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2023-06-02 | 扬州市职业大学(扬州市广播电视大学) | Method for rapidly extracting space circle center of single plane circle image |
| CN112414353B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2022-03-01 | 重庆市计量质量检测研究院 | Camshaft eccentricity error correction method |
| CN114738552A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-07-12 | 江苏格利尔光电科技有限公司 | Fixing device that warm siphunculus of building engineering was laid |
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| CN1217154C (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2005-08-31 | 天津理工学院 | Single-beam laser collimation/alignment measurement technology |
| JP4233098B2 (en) * | 2005-05-31 | 2009-03-04 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | Method and apparatus for measuring structure of optical fiber preform |
| CN104354073A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-02-18 | 鲁玉琼 | Coaxiality deviation measurement digital display device and coaxiality deviation calculation method |
| CN105823443B (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2019-03-05 | 西北核技术研究所 | Accelerator cathode-magnet sleeve concentricity measurement method and device |
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Effective date of registration: 20220922 Address after: No.142, Wanghua middle street, Dadong District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000 Patentee after: SHENYANG HANGBO AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Address before: 110136, Liaoning, Shenyang moral and Economic Development Zone, No. 37 South Avenue moral Patentee before: SHENYANG AEROSPACE University |