CN105039759A - Method for preparing high-yield ratio and high-elasticity tin-phosphor bronze alloy - Google Patents
Method for preparing high-yield ratio and high-elasticity tin-phosphor bronze alloy Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing high-yield ratio and high-elasticity tin-phosphor bronze alloy, and belongs to the technical field of engineering material manufacturing. The alloy comprises, by weight, 5.5%-6.5% of Sn, 0.05%-0.19% of P, 0.033%-0.201% of Ni, 0-0.002% of Al, 0-0.3% of Zn, 0-0.05% of Fe, 0-0.02% of Pb and the balance Cu and unavoidable impurities. The alloy is high in yield ratio, so that the durability of connectors made of the alloy is improved, the use frequency of insertion and extraction pieces is increased, the service life of each insertion and extraction piece is prolonged, and the quality of electronic insertion and extraction pieces is improved. Moreover, the alloy is widely applied to manufacturing of new-generation high-performance elastic elements of the electric appliance industry.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to engineering materials manufacturing technology field, in particular, relate to a kind of preparation method of high-yield-ratio snappiness Sn-P-Cu alloy.
Background technology
Sn-P-Cu alloy can improve its microstructure and property by modes such as solution treatment, cold deformation process and low-temperature heat treatment, and being current the most frequently used, is also very important a kind of elastic copper alloy material.Find after deliberation, the mechanical property of Sn-P-Cu alloy, such as intensity and hardness can improve gradually along with the increase of Sn constituent content, and Sn content is used to manufacture the electrical type elements such as multiple electric switch, rly., mouse shell fragment at the Sn-P-Cu alloy of 4%-9% in a large number.Due to Sn-P-Cu alloy, cold working often in process of production, work hardening rate is high, and thermal treatment passage is many, and alloy property can be made unstable; Tin-phosphor bronze price increases gradually along with the increase of Sn content, present researchist be devoted to develop low Sn or without Sn alloy to replace tin-phosphor bronze, as alloys such as Cu-9Ni-2.3Sn (C72500), Cu-22.7Zn-3.0Al-0.4Co (C68800), but have the intensity suitable with tin-phosphor bronze, but be difficult to put into production, visible tin-phosphor bronze also occupies critical positions by continuing in nowadays elastic copper alloy market.
Tin-phosphor bronze material is widely used in electric power connector industry, and contact surface, contact engaging and separating force and plug number of times are the three large factors determining junctor mechanical property.Facts have proved, determine that the key factor of material contact engaging and separating force and plug number of times is the yield tensile ratio of alloy material, namely under the tensile strength required by material, obtain higher yield strength as far as possible, to improve the yield tensile ratio of material, thus improve the plug number of times of junctor, extend frequency of usage and the life-span of plugging member, improve the quality of electronic connector.
At present, China from introducing and transform out the Plate and strip of copper alloys production line with sophisticated technologies, but due to the singularity of Sn-P-Cu alloy self and domestic state of the art, still there will be the disadvantageous factor of various alloy performances abroad in process of production.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of alloy structure dense uniform, excellent in mechanical performance, meet the preparation method of the high-yield-ratio high-performance elastic Sn-P-Cu alloy of enterprise requirements, to meet the demand of electronic industry high-performance elastic device to high frequency of usage and high life elastic copper alloy.
In order to solve the problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A preparation method for high-yield-ratio snappiness Sn-P-Cu alloy, comprises the following steps:
A. composition is measured: first select C5191 tin-phosphor bronze waste material to be raw material, and through direct-reading spectrometer, its composition is measured to raw material;
B. raw material melting: raw material is protected melting in stove through the intermediate frequency with Ar gas atmosphere protection, and is heated to 1300-1400 DEG C of insulation, add master alloy, fully after fusing, air cooling after insulation 40min;
C. horizontal casting: the alloy after air cooling is produced as cast condition sample through horizontal caster;
D. homogenizing annealing: by after as cast condition sample car light through 650 DEG C, 4h homogenizing annealing, and repeatedly cold rolling and be machined to the copper strips sample that thickness is 0.225mm after homogenizing annealing;
E. low-temperature annealing: copper strips sample is carried out the low-temperature annealing being incubated 4h at 200 ~ 230 DEG C.
Preferably, described alloying constituent mass percent is: Sn:5.5 ~ 6.5wt%; P:0.05 ~ 0.19wt%; Ni:0.033 ~ 0.201wt%; Al:0 ~ 0.002wt%; Zn:0 ~ 0.3wt%; Fe:0 ~ 0.05wt%; Pb:0 ~ 0.02wt%; All the other are Cu and inevitable impurity.
Preferably, described alloying constituent mass percent is: Sn:6.08wt%; P:0.14wt%; Ni:0.151wt%; Al:0 ~ 0.002wt%; Zn:0 ~ 0.3wt%; Fe:0 ~ 0.05wt%; Pb:0 ~ 0.02wt%; All the other are Cu and inevitable impurity.
Preferably, in described alloying constituent, the mass percent sum of Cu, Sn and P is no less than 99.5wt%.
Preferably, master alloy described in step b is one or more mixture in element S n, P, Ni, Al, Zn, Fe and Pb.
Preferably, cold rolling pass at least 2 times in steps d, and cold rolling total deformation is 40 ~ 80%.
In sum, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) Raw of the present invention is C5191 tin-phosphor bronze waste material, adopt direct-reading spectrometer to after determination of raw material composition, master alloy element not enough in raw material is added, the environmental protection concept significantly reducing production cost, decrease the loss of material, meet energy-saving and emission-reduction at fusion process.
(2) control rationally for the content of Sn in the present invention, organize C5191 Sn-P-Cu alloy and do not have a significant impact, the tensile strength of alloy and yield strength have the raising of certain amplitude.
(3) control rationally for the content of P in the present invention, in C5191 Sn-P-Cu alloy tissue, the growth of crystal grain is suppressed gradually, the hardness of alloy has with the increase of P element content and promotes by a small margin, and tensile strength and yield strength are all first raise rear reduction, and yield tensile ratio is higher.
(4) control rationally for the content of Ni in the present invention, in C5191 Sn-P-Cu alloy, the growth of γ phase is suppressed, the hardness of alloy first reduces rear rising with the increase of Ni element, and tensile strength and yield strength all first raise rear reduction with the increase of Ni content, and yield tensile ratio is higher.
(5) C5191 Sn-P-Cu alloy carries out low-temperature annealing after cold deformation, it is the process that must experience before low-temperature annealing that alloy inside occurs that a large amount of Segregation solute atom describes cold deformation in mechanical twin region, also be the precondition that can play strengthening effect, provide not only additional energy, also produce ordering domain in organization internal, improve hardness and the intensity of alloy after annealing.
(6) height that the C5191 tin-phosphor bronze yield strength ratio under low-temperature annealing condition is not annealed, along with the decline of annealing temperature, unit elongation declines thereupon, yield strength improves constantly, and tensile strength reduces slightly, may be that yield tensile ratio improves constantly because low-temperature annealing inhibits growing up of crystal grain.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be a kind of high-yield-ratio snappiness Sn-P-Cu alloy of the present invention in embodiment 1 metallographic microstructure figure;
Fig. 2 be a kind of high-yield-ratio snappiness Sn-P-Cu alloy of the present invention in example 2 metallographic microstructure figure;
Fig. 3 be a kind of high-yield-ratio snappiness Sn-P-Cu alloy of the present invention in embodiment 3 metallographic microstructure figure;
Fig. 4 be a kind of high-yield-ratio snappiness Sn-P-Cu alloy of the present invention in example 4 metallographic microstructure figure;
Embodiment
Be described further the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, following examples can make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way.
Embodiment 1
A preparation method for high-yield-ratio snappiness Sn-P-Cu alloy, comprises the following steps:
A. composition is measured: first select C5191 tin-phosphor bronze waste material to be raw material, and through direct-reading spectrometer, its composition is measured to raw material;
B. raw material melting: raw material is protected melting in stove through the intermediate frequency with Ar gas atmosphere protection, and is heated to 1300-1400 DEG C of insulation, add master alloy, fully after fusing, air cooling after insulation 40min;
C. horizontal casting: the alloy after air cooling is produced as cast condition sample through horizontal caster;
D. homogenizing annealing: by after as cast condition sample car light through 650 DEG C, 4h homogenizing annealing, and repeatedly cold rolling and be machined to the copper strips sample that thickness is 0.225mm after homogenizing annealing;
E. low-temperature annealing: copper strips sample is carried out the low-temperature annealing being incubated 4h at 200 DEG C.
In this example, described alloying constituent mass percent is: Sn:6.08wt%; P:0.14wt%; Ni:0.151wt%; Al:0.002wt%; Zn:0.22wt%; Fe:0.035wt%; Pb:0.01wt%; All the other are Cu and inevitable impurity.
In this example, in described alloying constituent, the mass percent sum of Cu, Sn and P is no less than 99.5wt%.
In this example, master alloy described in step b is the mixture of element S n, P, Ni.
In addition, cold rolling pass at least 2 times in steps d, and cold rolling total deformation is 40 ~ 80%.
Tested by the copper strips sample of step e gained, its Main Mechanical is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
Embodiment 2
Adopt embodiment 1 method to react, its difference is:
In this example, a kind of high-yield-ratio snappiness Sn-P-Cu alloy, its alloying constituent mass percent is: Sn:5.78wt%; P:0.11wt%; Ni:0.083wt%; Al:0.002wt%; Zn:0.22wt%; Fe:0.035wt%; Pb:0.01wt%; All the other are Cu and inevitable impurity; All the other are with embodiment 1.
Tested by the copper strips sample of step e gained, its Main Mechanical is as shown in table 2:
Table 2
Embodiment 3
Adopt embodiment 1 method to react, its difference is:
In this example, a kind of high-yield-ratio snappiness Sn-P-Cu alloy, its alloying constituent mass percent is: Sn:6.41wt%; P:0.19wt%; Ni:0.201wt%; Al:0.002wt%; Zn:0.22wt%; Fe:0.035wt%; Pb:0.01wt%; All the other are Cu and inevitable impurity; All the other are with embodiment 1.
Tested by the copper strips sample of step e gained, its Main Mechanical is as shown in table 3:
Table 3
Embodiment 4
Adopt embodiment 1 method to react, its difference is:
In this example, in step e, copper strips sample is carried out the low-temperature annealing being incubated 4h at 220 DEG C; All the other are with embodiment 1.
Tested by the copper strips sample of step e gained, its Main Mechanical is as shown in table 4:
Table 4
Based on above-mentioned, composition graphs 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 and table 1, table 2 and table 3 can be analyzed and draw:
Along with the increase tin-phosphor bronze C5191 alloy structure of Sn constituent content, great changes have taken place, the tensile strength of alloy and yield strength have the raising of certain amplitude, yield tensile ratio has small size decline after Sn content is higher than 6.08%, and therefore in tin-phosphor bronze, the content of Sn should remain on about 6.08%.Along with in the increase tin-phosphor bronze C5191 alloy structure of P element content, the growth of crystal grain is suppressed gradually, but P content higher than 0.14% time crystal grain become large on the contrary, the hardness of alloy has with the increase of P element content and promotes by a small margin, tensile strength and yield strength are all first raise rear reduction, yield tensile ratio is 0.14% reach the highest at content, and therefore in tin-phosphor bronze, the content of P should remain on about 0.14%.Along with in the increase tin-phosphor bronze C5191 alloy of Ni constituent content, the growth of γ phase is suppressed, but too high Ni content can cause tissue to separate out hard crisp phase, the hardness of alloy first reduces rear rising with the increase of Ni element, tensile strength and yield strength all first raise rear reduction with the increase of Ni content, yield tensile ratio reaches the highest when Ni content is 0.151%, and therefore in tin-phosphor bronze, the content of Ni should remain on about 0.151%.
Composition graphs 1, Fig. 4 and table 1, table 4 can be analyzed and draw:
Along with annealing temperature declines, degree of grain refinement strengthens, and the alloy recrystallization through the low-temperature annealing 4h of 200 DEG C is complete, and degree of grain refinement is large; Along with the decline of annealing temperature, alloy unit elongation declines thereupon, and yield strength improves constantly, and tensile strength reduces slightly, and yield tensile ratio improves, and the alloy yield tensile ratio after 200 DEG C of thermal treatment 4h brings up to 0.95.
As can be seen here, interalloy component of the present invention is outside the elasticity Sn-P-Cu alloy patent reported, and alloying constituent reasonable ratio, production technique is simply efficient.The excellent combination property of product, the yield tensile ratio of material is higher, thus improves the plug number of times of junctor manufactured by this kind of alloy, extends frequency of usage and the life-span of plugging member, improve the quality of electronic connector, and be widely used in making electrical equipment industry high-performance elastic components and parts of new generation.
Claims (6)
1. a preparation method for high-yield-ratio snappiness Sn-P-Cu alloy, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A. composition is measured: first select C5191 tin-phosphor bronze waste material to be raw material, and through direct-reading spectrometer, its composition is measured to raw material;
B. raw material melting: raw material is protected melting in stove through the intermediate frequency with Ar gas atmosphere protection, and is heated to 1300-1400 DEG C of insulation, add master alloy, fully after fusing, air cooling after insulation 40min;
C. horizontal casting: the alloy after air cooling is produced as cast condition sample through horizontal caster;
D. homogenizing annealing: by after as cast condition sample car light through 650 DEG C, 4h homogenizing annealing, and repeatedly cold rolling and be machined to the copper strips sample that thickness is 0.225mm after homogenizing annealing;
E. low-temperature annealing: copper strips sample is carried out the low-temperature annealing being incubated 4h at 200 ~ 230 DEG C.
2. the preparation method of a kind of high-yield-ratio snappiness Sn-P-Cu alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described alloying constituent mass percent is: Sn:5.5 ~ 6.5wt%; P:0.05 ~ 0.19wt%; Ni:0.033 ~ 0.201wt%; Al:0 ~ 0.002wt%; Zn:0 ~ 0.3wt%; Fe:0 ~ 0.05wt%; Pb:0 ~ 0.02wt%; All the other are Cu and inevitable impurity.
3. the preparation method of a kind of high-yield-ratio snappiness Sn-P-Cu alloy according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described alloying constituent mass percent is: Sn:6.08wt%; P:0.14wt%; Ni:0.151wt%; Al:0 ~ 0.002wt%; Zn:0 ~ 0.3wt%; Fe:0 ~ 0.05wt%; Pb:0 ~ 0.02wt%; All the other are Cu and inevitable impurity.
4. the preparation method of a kind of high-yield-ratio snappiness Sn-P-Cu alloy according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in described alloying constituent, the mass percent sum of Cu, Sn and P is no less than 99.5wt%.
5. the preparation method of a kind of high-yield-ratio snappiness Sn-P-Cu alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, master alloy described in step b is one or more mixture in element S n, P, Ni, Al, Zn, Fe and Pb.
6. the preparation method of a kind of high-yield-ratio snappiness Sn-P-Cu alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, cold rolling pass at least 2 times in steps d, and cold rolling total deformation is 40 ~ 80%.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105063415A (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-11-18 | 安徽工程大学 | Novel elastic tin-phosphor bronze alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN116287853A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-06-23 | 徐州徐工基础工程机械有限公司 | Method for preparing drill bit tail guide sleeve by utilizing hot isostatic pressing near net forming |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105063415A (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-11-18 | 安徽工程大学 | Novel elastic tin-phosphor bronze alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN116287853A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-06-23 | 徐州徐工基础工程机械有限公司 | Method for preparing drill bit tail guide sleeve by utilizing hot isostatic pressing near net forming |
| CN116287853B (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2024-01-30 | 徐州徐工基础工程机械有限公司 | Method for preparing drill bit tail guide sleeve by utilizing hot isostatic pressing near net forming |
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