CN103834858B - A kind of manufacture method of low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel - Google Patents
A kind of manufacture method of low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN103834858B CN103834858B CN201210480250.0A CN201210480250A CN103834858B CN 103834858 B CN103834858 B CN 103834858B CN 201210480250 A CN201210480250 A CN 201210480250A CN 103834858 B CN103834858 B CN 103834858B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the manufacture method of a kind of low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel, this manufacture method includes 1) carry out smelting and casting according to corresponding Design of Chemical Composition after obtain slab;2) hot rolling;3) continuous annealing normalizing;4) pickling;5) cold rolling;6) annealing: annealing furnace internal tension controls to meet: 2.05+0.01s (2.91+0.0165s) × 10‑3T≤lgT≤2.15+0.0087s (1.473+0.0087s) × 10‑3T, in formula, T represents that tension force, s represent that annealing time, t represent annealing temperature;7) pickling after annealing.Use manufacture method of the present invention to prepare low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel, on the premise of ensureing magnetic strength, its iron loss is greatly lowered, not only in terms of energy-conservation, control the low iron loss of material but also in terms of the miniaturization of electrical equipment, guarantee material height magnetic strength.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the smelting process of a kind of steel alloy, particularly relate to the manufacturer of a kind of silicon-containing alloy steel
Method.
Background technology
Low iron loss orientation free silicon steel plate can be widely used for space flight and aviation, medical treatment, chemical industry, machinery, household electrical appliances etc.
In brshless DC motor, AC induction motor and miniature transformer in field.Along with application not
Disconnected expansion, the usage amount of low iron loss orientation free silicon steel plate is by increasing.From the standpoint of energy-conservation, it is desirable to
The low iron loss of material, considers from the miniaturization of electrical equipment, it is desirable to material height magnetic strength.In order to improve iron loss and
Magnetic strength, people are developing and are utilizing various technology, such as sublimate, the inclusion conditioning of composition
Process (interpolation of thulium and Calcium treatment), hot-roll annealing temperature optimization, finished products high temperature
Change.
In order to obtain low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel, generally use higher silicon, aluminum content, improve matrix material
The resistivity of material, is processed by inclusion conditioning simultaneously, subtracts as used Calcium treatment or rare earth element to add
The quantity of few steel inclusion, thus reduce the lattice distortion of grain boundaries, and then reduce because of lattice distortion
And the internal stress produced, reduce magnetic hystersis loss and the total losses of non-orientation silicon steel product.Because field trash is many
Number in small and dispersed shape be distributed, as separated out on crystal boundary, can pinning crystal boundary and be unfavorable for crystal boundary migration, from
And it is unfavorable for that silicon steel is grown up at the crystal grain of annealing stage.Therefore, inclusion conditioning processes and silicon steel can be promoted to become
The coarsening of product grain structure, and suppress (111) position to new crystal grain Preferential Nucleation near field trash
With grow up, finally improve product magnetic.
Annealing process effect in terms of silicon-steel magnetic improvement is extremely critical, and the research emphasis of prior art is all
Concentrate on the aspects such as annealing heating speed, soaking temperature and soaking time.For preventing strip steel oxygen in annealing furnace
Change, also have the research in terms of annealing atmosphere, as taked noble gas Ar to carry out atmosphere protection;But by
High in low iron loss product sial content, at high temperature it is prone to combined with oxygen be formed oxide layer, therefore finally
After annealing, strip steel is carried out pickling in various degree, be conducive to removing belt steel surface oxide layer or to finished product magnetic
The little crystal grain layer in influential surface, thus reduce finished product iron loss.Due to low iron loss product annealing soak temperature
Higher, in the case of high-tension, it is prone to grow internal stress simultaneously, the increase of internal stress causes crystal grain boundaries
Lattice distortion, thus hinder the movement of domain wall, be unfavorable for the improvement of magnetic, therefore to low iron loss No yield point
Silicon steel carries out mild tension condition and is particularly important.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the manufacture method of a kind of low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel, use this manufacture
The non-orientation silicon steel that method prepares should reduce non-orientation silicon steel on the premise of ensureing magnetic strength further
Iron loss.
The principal element affecting non-orientation silicon steel iron loss P10 and P15 is chemical composition and crystal texture.As
Really the content of silicon, aluminum or manganese improves, and the resistivity of material improves, then P10 and P15 can reduce.Preferable
Crystal texture be (100) [ uvw ] plane texture because such crystal texture is isotropic,
And hard direction [ 111 ] is not on the face of rolling.But in actual production process, can not obtain this
The material of single plane texture, except above-mentioned preferable plane texture, the most also can there are (100) [ 011 ],
(111) [ 112 ], (110) [ 001 ], the texture component such as (112) [ 011 ], wherein (100) component
Texture only accounts for about 20%, substantially belongs to No yield point confusion texture, namely magnetic isotropy.Therefore,
The technical program seek to by adjust chemical composition and improve manufacturing process make (100) component strengthen and
(111) component weakens, thus reduces iron loss P10 and P15.
Conceive based on foregoing invention, in order to realize the purpose of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of low iron loss
The manufacture method of non-orientation silicon steel, comprises the following steps:
(1) obtaining slab after smelting and cast, its chemical elements in percentage by mass is: Si 2.0~
4.5wt%, Al 0.005~2.5wt%, C≤0.002wt%, Mn 0.10~2.50wt%, P≤0.2wt%,
Sn≤0.2wt%, S≤0.002wt%, N≤0.002wt%, Nb+V+Ti≤0.006wt%, remaining be ferrum and
Other inevitable impurity;
(2) hot rolling;
(3) continuous annealing normalizing;
(4) pickling;
(5) cold rolling;
(6) annealing: annealing furnace internal tension controls to meet: 2.05+0.01s-(2.91+0.0165s) × 10- 3T≤lgT≤2.15+0.0087s-(1.473+0.0087s) × 10-3T, in formula, T represents that tension force, s represent and moves back
The fire time, t represents annealing temperature;
(7) pickling after annealing.
Further, in the step (1) of the manufacture method of low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel of the present invention,
Slab chemical element also includes: at least one in Ca≤0.003wt% and Ce≤0.01wt%.
Further, in the step (1) of the manufacture method of low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel of the present invention,
Each chemical element of slab be preferably: Si 2.8~3.1wt%, Al 1.3~1.6wt%, C 0.001~
0.002wt%, Mn 0.20~0.25wt%, P≤0.2wt%, Sn≤0.06wt%, S≤0.002wt%, N
0.001~0.002wt%, Nb+V+Ti≤0.006wt%.
Further, in the step (7) of the manufacture method of low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel of the present invention,
Use phosphoric acid wash away except surface of steel plate oxide layer, phosphoric acid concentration is 4~8wt%, acid liquor temperature be 50~
80 DEG C, pickling time is 10~30s.
Further, in the step (6) of the manufacture method of low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel of the present invention,
Annealing Protection atmosphere is: hydrogen+nitrogen, and wherein the volume fraction of hydrogen is 40~70%, dew point≤-25
℃。
Closer, in the step (2) of the manufacture method of low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel of the present invention,
Heating-up temperature is 1000 DEG C~1200 DEG C, heat time heating time be not less than 2h, finishing temperature 800~900 DEG C,
Coiling temperature is more than 570 DEG C, batches temperature retention time not less than 20min.
Further, in the step (3) of the manufacture method of low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel of the present invention,
Normalizing temperature is not less than 880 DEG C, temperature retention time 30~180s.
Further, in the step (5) of the manufacture method of low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel of the present invention,
Carrying out accumulative drafts is 80~the once cold rolling of 87.5% or secondary cold-rolling.
Further, in the step (6) of the manufacture method of the low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel of the present invention, add
Heat is to 800~1050 DEG C of insulations, and temperature retention time 3~60s, then with 3~13 DEG C/s slow cooling to 500~750
℃。
The Design of Chemical Composition principle of low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel of the present invention is as follows:
Si:Si can be dissolved in ferrite formation substitution solid solution, improves base resistivity, reduces in iron loss
Eddy-current loss, is the most important alloying element of electrical sheet.But Si too high levels can affect rolling of silicon steel
Property, need to suitably reduce Si content to improve the aptitude to rolling of low iron loss product.Therefore application claims Si
Content is 2.0~4.5wt%.
Al:Al, as improving resistivity beneficial element, dissolves in ferrite and improves base resistivity,
Coarsened grain, reduces eddy-current loss, and it is obvious that it is not so good as Si element to the bad effect of magnetic strength.But work as
When Al content is more than 1.5%, smelting cast difficulty, rear working procedure processing difficulty can be made.In order to prevent by
Reduce and resistivity reduction in Si content, then the method that can take to improve Al content.So, the present invention
The content of middle Al is 0.005~2.5wt%.
P, Sn:P, Sn are normal segregation element can increase the anti-internal oxidition ability of steel.The present invention is led to
The mode crossing fall silicon increasing aluminum improves the aptitude to rolling of normalizing acid-cleaning plate, and in steel, Al is prone to be combined with oxygen,
Therefore increase P, Sn normal segregation element and be conducive to steel increases aluminum.Meanwhile, steel adds certain P
The processability of strip steel can be improved.Therefore, in the inventive solutions P, Sn are all controlled
≤0.2wt%。
C, S, N, Nb, V, Ti: these elements are the unfavorable element of magnetic, and C can cause iron loss
Deteriorate, produce magnetic aging, form fine carbide element, therefore the present invention requires C≤0.002wt%.
The trickle precipitation such as MnS, AlN, TiN that S, N produce can hinder domain wall drift, hinders after hot rolling
Recrystallization and crystal grain are grown up, and hinder coarsening and the confusionization of texture of crystallite dimension after normalizing simultaneously.
Thus, the present invention requires S≤0.002wt%, N≤0.002wt%, Nb+V+Ti≤0.006wt%.
Rare earth element, Ca: rare earth element and/or Ca can form compound phase as other precipitated phase
Precipitation center make AlN, Ti (C, N) coarsening, it is to avoid solid solution during hot rolling, precipitation;In addition add
Rare earth element and/or calcium can control the form of sulfide, change Al2O3Form, get rid of eliminate should
The factor that crystal grain is grown up is hindered during power annealing.
It addition, when non-orientation silicon steel annealing furnace internal tension is excessive, easily make strip steel along longitudinal and horizontal
To grain structure difference become big, also affect the magnetic anisotropy of silicon steel finished product simultaneously.Therefore, at this
In technical scheme, inventor is effectively reduced by Minimal Tension in controlling stove at annealing steps and finally moves back
The magnetic anisotropy of fire model, reaches to drop the purpose of iron loss P15 simultaneously.
The present invention another difference is that than prior art, general non-orientation silicon steel heat
The oxide layer rolling the heated formation of plate is easily removed by pickling, but the interior oxygen formed when final annealing
Change layer and the most no longer carry out pickling, and technical scheme carries out phosphorus after final annealing plate is annealed
The light acid cleaning process of acid, removes final annealing plate internal oxidation layer and little crystal grain district, surface, reduces iron loss
P15/50 purpose.
Compared with conventional non-orientation silicon steel manufacture method, low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel of the present invention
Manufacture method is designed by rational composition, and in profit and annealing furnace, table is removed in mild tension condition, light pickling
The techniques such as face oxide layer, are ensureing on the premise of magnetic strength, are producing low iron loss non-oriented electrical steel, both from
Energy-conservation aspect controls the low iron loss of material and guarantees again material height magnetic strength in terms of the miniaturization of electrical equipment.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to specific embodiment, technical solutions according to the invention are further explained.
Following step is used to prepare low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel:
(1) converter or electric furnace steel making, molten steel processes through double refining, obtains strand after casting, uses
CaFe 10~30ppm, REM 30~80ppm, at least one in silico-calcium silk≤30ppm is to field trash
It is modified processing, controls chemical element quality as described in the technical program;
(2) hot rolling: heating-up temperature 1000 DEG C~1200 DEG C, is not less than 2h, finishing temperature heat time heating time
800~900 DEG C, coiling temperature >=570 DEG C, batch temperature retention time not less than 20min;
(3) continuous annealing normalizing, normalizing temperature is not less than 880 DEG C, temperature retention time 30~180s;
(4) pickling, scale on surface is removed in ball blast pickling;
(5) cold rolling, carrying out accumulative drafts is 80~the once cold rolling of 87.5% or secondary cold-rolling;
(6) annealing: annealing furnace internal tension controls to meet: 2.05+0.01s-(2.91+0.0165s) × 10-3T≤lgT≤2.15+0.0087s-(1.473+0.0087s) × 10-3T, in formula, T represents that tension force, s represent
Annealing time, t represents annealing temperature, is heated to 800~1050 DEG C of insulations, temperature retention time 3~60s, so
After with 3~13 DEG C/s slow cooling to 500~750 DEG C, Annealing Protection atmosphere is simultaneously: hydrogen+nitrogen, wherein
The percent by volume of hydrogen is 40~70%, dew point≤-25 DEG C.
Table 1 shows the chemical composition of each low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel in embodiment 1-6 of the technical program
Proportioning.
Table 1(surplus is Fe and other inevitable impurity, wt%)
Chemical analysis | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Embodiment 6 |
C | 0.0017 | 0.0016 | 0.0019 | 0.018 | 0.0016 | 0.0019 |
Si | 2.8 | 2.83 | 2.87 | 2.77 | 3.05 | 2.86 |
Mn | 0.2 | 0.21 | 0.2 | 0.21 | 0.25 | 0.23 |
Sn | 0.035 | 0.037 | 0.031 | 0.031 | 0.055 | 0.035 |
P | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
S | 0.002 | 0.0013 | 0.0015 | 0.0003 | 0.0015 | 0.0018 |
N | 0.0018 | 0.0012 | 0.0013 | 0.0016 | 0.002 | 0.0015 |
Al | 1.58 | 1.58 | 1.55 | 1.58 | 1.3 | 1.58 |
Nb | 0.002 | 0.0021 | 0.0022 | 0.0023 | 0.002 | 0.0018 |
V | 0.0028 | 0.002 | 0.0019 | 0.0021 | 0.0017 | 0.0019 |
Ti | 0.0009 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 | 0.0011 | 0.0012 | 0.001 |
Ce | - | 0.007 | - | 0.008 | - | 0.0046 |
Ca | - | - | 0.0025 | 0.003 | 0.0027 | - |
Table 2 show use the composition design in embodiment 1-6 to be aided with that different technological parameters prepares is low
Iron loss non-orientation silicon steel.
Table 2
(in table 2,1-1 to 1-6 represents the composition proportion that have employed embodiment 1, and 2-1 to 2-6 represents the composition proportion that have employed embodiment 2, with
Under the identical implication of every expression)
Table 3 shows the various performance parameters of each low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel shown in table 2.
Table 3
From table 1 and table 3, use Ce to process the steel grade of embodiment 4 series with Calcium treatment simultaneously,
Finished product typical case's iron loss P15/50 is minimum, and its iron loss P15/50 average can reach below 1.95w/kg, contrast
The steel grade finished product iron loss P15/50 average of embodiment 1 reduces 0.147w/kg, and magnetic strength difference is in 20 Gausses
(goss) within.Processed by Calcium treatment and Ce and reduce inclusion content of steel, thus beneficially domain wall
Movement make magnetic hystersis loss reduce, show as the final iron loss of finished product reduce reach more than 0.1w/kg.
The low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel crystallite dimension average ratio comparative example steel grade of the embodiment of the present invention 4 series is equal
It is worth big 12um, indicates and carry out the low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel of Ce process and Calcium treatment annealed simultaneously
In journey, grain structure is prone to grow up, and the thick crystal boundary of grain structure reduces makes finished product magnetic hystersis loss reduce, this knot
Fruit magnetic property final with finished product has good corresponding relation.
Steel plate internal oxidation layer and the surface little crystal grain district formed during in order to remove final annealing, preferably reaches
To the purpose of reduction iron loss P15/50, the optimisation technique scheme of the present invention can also be at final annealing plate
The light acid cleaning process of phosphoric acid is carried out after annealing.After inventor has carried out annealing to the steel grade of embodiment 6 series
Pickling, pickling specifically comprises the processes of: phosphoric acid concentration is 4~8wt%, acid liquor temperature is 50~80 DEG C,
Pickling time is 10~30s.
The corresponding part of table 2 shows the phosphoric acid pickling technological parameter of embodiment 6 series.
Embodiment 6 in synopsis 2 and table 3 understands, and annealed sheet iron loss is had necessarily by the light pickling of phosphoric acid
Impact, along with the increase of light pickling phosphoric acid concentration, annealed sheet iron loss first subtracts and increases afterwards, and therefore phosphoric acid concentration exists
Effect acquired when 4%~8% is ideal, and magnetic strength B50 for the change of phosphoric acid concentration without substantially
Difference.
It should be noted that the listed above specific embodiment being only the present invention, it is clear that the invention is not restricted to
Above example, has the similar change of many therewith.If those skilled in the art is public from the present invention
All deformation that the content opened directly derives or associates, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the manufacture method of one kind low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) obtaining slab after smelting and cast, its chemical elements in percentage by mass is: Si 2.0~
4.5wt%, Al 0.005~2.5wt%, C≤0.002wt%, Mn 0.10~2.50wt%, P≤0.2wt%,
Sn≤0.2wt%, S≤0.002wt%, N≤0.002wt%, Nb+V+Ti≤0.006wt%, remaining is ferrum
With other inevitable impurity;
(2) hot rolling;
(3) continuous annealing normalizing: normalizing temperature is not less than 880 DEG C, temperature retention time 30~180s;
(4) pickling;
(5) cold rolling;
(6) annealing: be heated to 800~1050 DEG C of insulations, temperature retention time 3~60s, then with 3~
13 DEG C/s slow cooling is to 500~750 DEG C;Wherein annealing furnace internal tension controls to meet: 2.05+0.01s-
(2.91+0.0165s)×10-3T≤lgT≤2.15+0.0087s-(1.473+0.0087s) × 10-3T, formula
Middle T represents that tension force, s represent that annealing time, t represent annealing temperature;Wherein Annealing Protection atmosphere is:
Hydrogen+nitrogen, wherein the percent by volume of hydrogen is 40~70%, dew point≤-25 DEG C;
(7) annealing after pickling: wash away except surface of steel plate oxide layer with phosphoric acid, phosphoric acid concentration be 4~
8wt%, acid liquor temperature is 50~80 DEG C, and pickling time is 10~30s.
The manufacture method of low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
Suddenly the slab chemical element in (1) also includes: in Ca≤0.003wt% and Ce≤0.01wt% extremely
Few one.
The manufacture method of low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel the most as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that institute
State in each chemical element of the slab in step (1): Si 2.8~3.1wt%, Al 1.3~1.6wt%,
C 0.001~0.002wt%, Mn 0.20~0.25wt%, P≤0.2wt%, Sn≤0.06wt%,
S≤0.002wt%, N 0.001~0.002wt%, Nb+V+Ti≤0.006wt%.
The manufacture method of low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
Suddenly in (2), heating-up temperature is 1000 DEG C~1200 DEG C, and heat time heating time is not less than 2h, finishing temperature
800~900 DEG C, coiling temperature is more than 570 DEG C, batches temperature retention time not less than 20min.
The manufacture method of low iron loss non-orientation silicon steel the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
Suddenly, in (5), carrying out accumulative drafts is 80~the once cold rolling of 87.5% or secondary cold-rolling.
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Effective date of registration: 20180914 Address after: 524000 building 12-15, building 46, Renmin Road, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Co-patentee after: Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Baosteel Zhanjiang Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. Address before: 201900 Fujin Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 885 Patentee before: Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. |