CN113755750B - Production method of phosphorus-containing high-magnetic-induction non-oriented silicon steel - Google Patents

Production method of phosphorus-containing high-magnetic-induction non-oriented silicon steel Download PDF

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CN113755750B
CN113755750B CN202110953215.5A CN202110953215A CN113755750B CN 113755750 B CN113755750 B CN 113755750B CN 202110953215 A CN202110953215 A CN 202110953215A CN 113755750 B CN113755750 B CN 113755750B
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CN113755750A (en
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高振宇
陈春梅
李亚东
刘文鹏
罗理
李元华
王越
张仁波
姜福健
周旭
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Angang Steel Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/004Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26Methods of annealing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1216Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1222Hot rolling
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1216Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1233Cold rolling
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1244Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C33/00Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/16Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper

Abstract

The invention relates to a production method of phosphorus-containing high-magnetic-induction non-oriented silicon steel, which comprises the following process routes: the method comprises the following steps of molten iron desulphurization, converter smelting, RH refining, continuous casting, hot rolling, acid cleaning, cold rolling, continuous furnace annealing, coating, performance inspection and packaging, and specifically comprises the following steps: 1) Smelting the molten steel to a target component, and then casting the molten steel into a blank in a continuous casting mode; 2) The slab temperature of the soaking section of the hot-rolled slab heating furnace is 950-1050 ℃, the finishing temperature is controlled at 780-830 ℃, and the coiling temperature is 600-680 ℃; 3) Cold rolling is carried out after acid washing, the integral reduction rate of the cold rolling is controlled to be more than 80 percent until the thickness of a finished product is reached, and the structure of a shear band is increased; 4) Setting the temperature of the rapid heating section of the continuous annealing furnace at 1000-1150 ℃, and increasing the temperature to facilitate the nucleation of the texture tissue; the temperature of the soaking section is set to be 750-830 ℃, the protection of the full nitrogen dry atmosphere is carried out, the speed of the annealing process is 110-150 m/min, and the grain size is 8-4 grade. The invention improves the iron loss, improves the magnetic induction performance and improves the mechanical performance under the condition of reducing the addition of silicon, aluminum and manganese alloy.

Description

Production method of phosphorus-containing high-magnetic-induction non-oriented silicon steel
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to a production method of phosphorus-containing high-magnetic-induction non-oriented silicon steel.
Background
The non-oriented silicon steel is an important metal functional soft magnetic material and is widely applied to the manufacturing field of electromagnetic iron cores required by electromagnetic conversion of motors and the like. At present, the electromagnetic performance and comprehensive quality level of domestic related products reach the advanced level in the world, the product competition is intensified day by day, and the non-oriented electrical steel variety with high efficiency, low cost, short flow, high performance and competitiveness becomes the consensus of each mainstream production enterprise.
With the progress of modern metallurgical technology, the traditional component design of non-oriented silicon steel varieties is continuously improved by combining different process equipment and capability levels of enterprises. On the basis that the steel cleanliness level is greatly improved, the traditional product metallurgical chemical composition design can be converted into multi-element main alloy design or micro-alloy design, the metallurgical and process cost is reduced, meanwhile, better electromagnetic performance and processing performance are obtained, and the method becomes the direction of product research and development and variety optimization. In the production of non-oriented silicon steel, phosphorus has the same effect as alloy elements such as silicon, aluminum and the like in the aspect of increasing the resistivity, has higher significance in a certain range, is better in the aspect of improving the punching performance of products, and can greatly reduce the alloy cost in corresponding design. However, under different component designs and process conditions, the advantages of phosphorus are difficult to be exerted, and particularly, the processing defects of phosphorus-containing steel in the metallurgical process, the brittle fracture of teeth and yokes and the like caused by annealing after punching by users and the like are greatly restricted in the production of the traditional metallurgical process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a production method of phosphorus-containing high-magnetic-induction non-oriented silicon steel, which improves iron loss and magnetic induction performance or mechanical performance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a production method of non-oriented silicon steel with phosphorus-containing high magnetic induction comprises the following chemical components: 0.0035 to 0.0080 percent; si:0.15% -1.70%, als: 0.10-0.5%, mn:0.10 to 0.60 percent of Fe, 0.050 to 0.25 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.0050 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.0020 percent of N, 0.020 to 0.055 percent of Cu or Cu% = [10S% +0.2P% ], less than or equal to 0.0050 percent of Ti + V + Nb, and the balance of Fe and inevitable residual elements; the process route is as follows: the method comprises the following steps of molten iron desulphurization, converter smelting, RH refining, continuous casting, hot rolling, acid cleaning, cold rolling, continuous furnace annealing, coating, performance inspection and packaging, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Smelting the molten steel to a target component, and then casting the molten steel into a blank in a continuous casting mode;
2) The slab temperature of the soaking section of the hot-rolled slab heating furnace is 950-1050 ℃, the finishing temperature is controlled at 780-830 ℃, and the coiling temperature is 600-680 ℃;
3) After acid cleaning, cold rolling, controlling the overall reduction rate of the cold rolling to be more than 80 percent until the thickness of a finished product is reached, and increasing the structure of a shear band;
4) Setting the temperature of the rapid heating section of the continuous annealing furnace at 1000-1150 ℃, and increasing the temperature to facilitate the nucleation of the texture tissue; the temperature of the soaking section is set to be 750-830 ℃, the protection of the full nitrogen dry atmosphere is carried out, the speed of the annealing process is 110-150 m/min, and the grain size is 8-4 grade.
The components have the functions:
c: proper amount of carbon inhibits the phosphorus segregation of matrix structure, improves the hot rolling and cold rolling processability, promotes the energy storage of texture components, and shortens the refining decarburization time;
s: refining desulfurization is avoided, refining treatment time is shortened, and coarsening of a sulfide is promoted;
cu: the precipitation and coarsening of sulfides are promoted, the hot rolling and cold rolling processability is improved, and the energy storage of unfavorable texture components is reduced;
ti + V + Nb: the clean steel is controlled to play the role of the designed elements of phosphorus and copper.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention improves iron loss, magnetic induction performance and mechanical performance under the condition of reducing the addition of silicon, aluminum and manganese alloy.
2. In the traditional silicon steel cleanliness control technology, non-ultra-low carbon and ultra-low sulfur control reduces the refining difficulty, shortens the refining time and reduces the process cost.
3. The requirements of hydrogen and nitrogen protective gas and the wet atmosphere decarburization in the traditional heat treatment process are changed, and the process cost is reduced; the control of a relatively fine grain structure improves the operating efficiency of the unit.
4. The phosphorus and copper element is focused in a crystal boundary, so that the precipitation of residual carbon is reduced, the crystal boundary is partially polymerized with the phosphorus element to promote the escape of crystal boundary carbon, and the magnetic aging requirement of the product is met.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
the following examples describe the invention in detail. These examples are merely illustrative of the best embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.
A production method of phosphorus-containing high-magnetic-induction non-oriented silicon steel comprises the following chemical components: 0.0035 to 0.0080 percent; si:0.15% -1.70%, als: 0.10-0.5%, mn:0.10 to 0.60 percent of Fe, 0.050 to 0.25 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.0050 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.0020 percent of N, 0.020 to 0.055 percent of Cu or Cu% = [10S% +0.2P% ], less than or equal to 0.0050 percent of Ti + V + Nb, and the balance of Fe and inevitable residual elements; the process route is as follows: the method comprises the following steps of molten iron desulphurization, converter smelting, RH refining, continuous casting, hot rolling, acid washing, cold rolling, continuous furnace annealing, coating, performance inspection and packaging, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Smelting the molten steel to a target component, and then casting the molten steel into a blank in a continuous casting mode;
2) The slab temperature of a soaking section of a hot-rolled slab heating furnace is 950-1050 ℃, the finish rolling temperature is controlled to be 780-830 ℃, the coiling temperature is 600-680 ℃, the deformation structure is controlled, and the high finish rolling temperature is beneficial to improving the recrystallization structure of the hot-rolled slab;
3) Cold rolling is carried out after acid washing, the integral reduction rate of the cold rolling is controlled to be more than 80 percent, until the thickness of a finished product is reached, the structure of a shear band is increased, the deformation structure can be increased under the large reduction of the cold rolling, namely the structure of the shear band, and the silicon steel is favorable for the formation of texture components in the shear band in priority;
4) Setting the temperature of the rapid heating section of the continuous annealing furnace at 1000-1150 ℃, and increasing the temperature to facilitate the nucleation of the texture tissue; the temperature of the soaking section is set to be 750-830 ℃, the protection of the full nitrogen dry atmosphere is carried out, the speed of the annealing process is 110-150 m/min, and the grain size is 8-4 grade.
Example 1:
a production method of phosphorus-containing high-magnetic-induction non-oriented silicon steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.005%, si:0.60%, mn:0.25%, P:0.11%, S:0.0045%, als:0.20%, N:0.0015%, cu 0.045%, ti + V + Nb:0.0050% and the balance of iron and inevitable impurity elements. The production method comprises the following process steps:
a) Smelting and continuous casting: smelting in a converter, carrying out RH vacuum refining treatment, controlling the components of molten steel according to the requirements, and casting into a plate blank with the thickness of 230 mm;
b) The soaking temperature of the hot-rolled plate blank is 1030 ℃, and the hot-rolled plate blank enters a finishing mill group for rolling after being initially rolled to 40 mm. The start rolling temperature of finish rolling is 980 ℃, the finish rolling temperature is 810 ℃, the coiling temperature is 660 ℃, and the thickness of a hot rolled plate is 3.0mm;
c) Acid washing and cold rolling to 0.50mm;
d) The temperature of a continuous annealing rapid heating section after cold rolling is 1060 ℃, the temperature of a soaking section is 790 ℃, the temperature is protected by total nitrogen, the process speed is 140m/min, the continuous annealing is carried out, and the grade of the grain structure is 6.5.
The product is suitable for annealing after punching by a user, is used for keeping the temperature of a stator and a rotor of a motor at 750 ℃ for 2 hours, has the iron loss improvement rate of more than 15 percent, reduces the magnetic induction by 0.01T, and keeps the stator and the rotor from breaking teeth.
Example 2:
a production method of phosphorus-containing high-magnetic-induction non-oriented silicon steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.0052%, si:0.58%, mn:0.36%, P:0.15%, S:0.0040%, als:0.25%, N:0.0018%, cu 0.070%, ti + V + Nb:0.0050% and the balance of iron and inevitable impurity elements. The production method comprises the following process steps:
a) Smelting and continuous casting: smelting in a converter, carrying out RH vacuum refining treatment, controlling the components of molten steel according to the requirements, and casting into a plate blank with the thickness of 230 mm;
b) The soaking temperature of the hot-rolled plate blank is 1020 ℃, and the hot-rolled plate blank enters a finishing mill group for rolling after being initially rolled to 40 mm. The finish rolling start temperature is 990 ℃, the finish rolling temperature is 820 ℃, the coiling temperature is 670 ℃ and the thickness of the hot rolled plate is 3.0mm;
c) Acid washing and cold rolling to 0.50mm;
d) The temperature of a continuous annealing rapid heating section after cold rolling is 1050 ℃, the temperature of a soaking section is 800 ℃, the temperature is protected by total nitrogen, the process speed is 145m/min, the continuous annealing is carried out, and the grade of the grain structure is 6.0.
The product is suitable for annealing after punching by users, is used for motor stator and rotor, keeps the temperature at 750 ℃ for 2 hours, has the iron loss improvement rate of more than 15 percent, reduces the magnetic induction by 0.01T, and keeps the stator and rotor teeth from being broken.
Example 3:
a production method of phosphorus-containing high-magnetic-induction non-oriented silicon steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.006%, si:0.25%, mn:0.30%, P:0.18%, S:0.0040%, als:0.15%, N:0.0018%, cu 0.035%, ti + V + Nb:0.0045% balance iron and inevitable impurity elements. The production method comprises the following process steps:
a) Smelting and continuous casting: smelting in a converter, carrying out RH vacuum refining treatment, controlling the components of molten steel according to the requirements, and casting into a plate blank with the thickness of 230 mm;
b) The soaking temperature of the hot-rolled plate blank is 1000 ℃, and the hot-rolled plate blank enters a finishing mill group for rolling after being initially rolled to 40 mm. The initial rolling temperature of finish rolling is 960 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 780 ℃, the coiling temperature is 680 ℃, and the thickness of a hot rolled plate is 3.2mm;
c) Acid washing, and cold rolling to 0.50mm;
d) After cold rolling, the temperature of a continuous annealing rapid heating section is 1080 ℃, the temperature of a soaking section is 800 ℃, the temperature is protected by total nitrogen, the process speed is 150m/min, the continuous annealing is carried out, and the grade of the grain structure is 6.0.
Example 4:
a production method of phosphorus-containing high-magnetic-induction non-oriented silicon steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.006%, si:0.30%, mn:0.31%, P:0.20%, S:0.0028%, als:0.14%, N:0.0017%, cu 0.068%, ti + V + Nb:0.0045 percent, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurity elements. The production method comprises the following process steps:
a) Smelting and continuous casting: smelting in a converter, carrying out RH vacuum refining treatment, controlling the components of molten steel according to the requirements, and casting into a plate blank with the thickness of 230 mm;
b) The soaking temperature of the hot-rolled plate blank is 1010 ℃, and the hot-rolled plate blank enters a finishing mill group for rolling after being initially rolled to 40 mm. The initial rolling temperature of finish rolling is 970 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 790 ℃, the coiling temperature is 690 ℃, and the thickness of a hot rolled plate is 3.2mm;
c) Acid washing, and cold rolling to 0.50mm;
d) The temperature of a continuous annealing rapid heating section after cold rolling is 1070 ℃, the temperature of a soaking section is 810 ℃, the total nitrogen protection is carried out, the process speed is 150m/min, the continuous annealing is carried out, and the grade of the grain structure is 6.0.
Comparative example 1
The steel grade comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.025%, si:0.75%, mn:030%, P:0.012%, S:0.004%, als:0.30%, N:0.0015 percent, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurity elements.
Smelting in a converter, carrying out RH vacuum refining treatment, controlling the components of molten steel according to the requirements, and casting into a plate blank with the thickness of 230 mm; the soaking temperature of the hot-rolled plate blank is 1130 ℃, the hot-rolled plate blank enters a finishing mill set for rolling after being initially rolled to 40mm, the finishing rolling starting temperature is 1020 ℃, the finishing rolling temperature is 860 ℃, the coiling temperature is 700 ℃, and the thickness of the hot-rolled plate is 2.3mm; cold rolling is directly carried out to a steel belt with the thickness of 0.5mm, the annealing temperature of a finished product is 1050+900 ℃, hydrogen and nitrogen protection is carried out, the process speed is 130m/min, continuous annealing is carried out, and the grade of a grain structure is 5.5.
Comparative example 2
The steel grade comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.025%, si:0.35%, mn:0.28%, P:0.020%, S:0.0045%, als:0.30%, N:0.0018 percent, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurity elements.
Smelting in a converter, carrying out RH vacuum refining treatment, controlling the components of molten steel according to the requirements, and casting into a plate blank with the thickness of 230 mm; the soaking temperature of the hot-rolled plate blank is 1130 ℃, the hot-rolled plate blank enters a finishing mill set for rolling after being initially rolled to 40mm, the finishing rolling starting temperature is 1020 ℃, the finishing rolling temperature is 860 ℃, the coiling temperature is 700 ℃, and the thickness of the hot-rolled plate is 2.5mm; cold rolling is directly carried out to a steel belt with the thickness of 0.5mm, the annealing temperature of a finished product is 1050+880 ℃, hydrogen and nitrogen protection is carried out, the process speed is 130m/min, continuous annealing is carried out, and the grade of a grain structure is 6.0.
The properties of the examples and comparative examples are shown in tables 1 and 2 below;
table 1:
Figure BDA0003219328580000051
table 2:
Figure BDA0003219328580000052

Claims (1)

1. the production method of the phosphorus-containing high-magnetic-induction non-oriented silicon steel is characterized in that the phosphorus-containing high-magnetic-induction non-oriented silicon steel is annealed after being punched and used for a stator and a rotor of a motor, the temperature is kept at 750 ℃ for 2 hours, the iron loss improvement rate is greater than 15%, the magnetic induction is reduced by 0.01T, and the steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.005%, si:0.60%, mn:0.25%, P:0.11%, S:0.0045%, als:0.20%, N:0.0015%, cu 0.045%, ti + V + Nb:0.0050% balance iron and unavoidable impurity elements, the production method comprising the following process steps:
a) Smelting and continuous casting: smelting in a converter, carrying out RH vacuum refining treatment, and casting molten steel components into a plate blank with the thickness of 230mm according to the requirements;
b) The soaking temperature of the hot-rolled plate blank is 1030 ℃, and the hot-rolled plate blank enters a finishing mill group for rolling after being initially rolled to 40 mm; the initial rolling temperature of finish rolling is 980 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 810 ℃, the coiling temperature is 660 ℃, and the thickness of a hot rolled plate is 3.0mm;
c) Acid washing, and cold rolling to 0.50mm;
d) The temperature of a continuous annealing rapid heating section after cold rolling is 1060 ℃, the temperature of a soaking section is 790 ℃, the temperature is protected by total nitrogen, the process speed is 140m/min, the continuous annealing is carried out, and the grade of the grain structure is 6.5.
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