CN105027766B - Hole-sowing planter - Google Patents

Hole-sowing planter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105027766B
CN105027766B CN201510431831.9A CN201510431831A CN105027766B CN 105027766 B CN105027766 B CN 105027766B CN 201510431831 A CN201510431831 A CN 201510431831A CN 105027766 B CN105027766 B CN 105027766B
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China
Prior art keywords
hole
seed
sowing
driving wheel
disc
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201510431831.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN105027766A (en
Inventor
徐荣吉
张依依
郑天添
刘明宣
贺源
李淼
刘焕
陈新
陈一新
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Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
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Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
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Priority to CN201510431831.9A priority Critical patent/CN105027766B/en
Publication of CN105027766A publication Critical patent/CN105027766A/en
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Abstract

The invention provides a hole-sowing planter. The hole-sowing planter comprises a base frame and a reciprocating sowing unit arranged at the front end of the base frame. The reciprocating sowing unit comprises a sowing plate and a drive wheel set. The drive wheel set comprises a driving wheel set and a rear wheel disk connected with the driving wheel set. The driving wheel set is connected to the base frame through a bearing, the rear wheel disk is connected with the sowing plate, and the sowing plate is connected to the base frame. By the adoption of the hole-sowing planter, seeds can be better protected, and weeding and harvesting operations at the later period are felicitated; on the premise that planting accuracy is improved and field layout tends to be reasonable, labor intensity is relieved, and working efficiency can be improved.

Description

A kind of hill-drop seeder
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural mechanical field, and in particular to a kind of hill-drop seeder.
Background technology
Bunch planting seeding method is currently used for widest seeding method when sowing such as peanut, corn, beans agricultural product One of.The peanut of one of the Important Economic crop and oil crops as China, at present the cultivated area up to 5,000,000 in the whole nation is public Hectare, annual production is up to 16,200,000 tons.Because the plantation of peanut has area distributions wider, climate condition, geographical conditions in addition And the impact of the factor such as planting habit, current cropping pattern variation, compare diversified cropping pattern, existing seeder Tool is single, and applicability and reliability are in urgent need to be improved.Specifically:
Current seeding machinery drives seeding wheel rotation by chaindriven type of belt drive, and peanut is by recessed on seeding wheel Groove is brought into sowing pipe sowing.Multi-chamber seeding machinery after improvement is then to drive multiple seeding wheels so as to reality by gear drive Now many storehouses and seed manure are synchronously sowed.This revolving seeding machinery is in seeding process because whole seeding wheel rotates so that Seeding wheel causes greatly seeding process traveling thrust big with orlop seat direct friction, frictional force is planted;Simultaneously in the diameter sheet of seeding wheel On the premise of body is larger, kind of a height for orlop seat is added so that the height for planting storehouse is higher, causes to be broadcast in the case where peanut is filled The center of gravity for planting machinery is higher, causes the presence of hidden danger that is laborious, easily toppling over and deficiency in seeding process.
Additionally, load the seeding wheel after peanut at present unnecessary peanut is swept often by the simple mode such as such as hairbrush Fall, hairbrush can affect to clear away effect with the angle of seeding wheel, specifically:Diametrically with seeding wheel disc vertical theory on can Whole peanuts are scanned out, if angle too small can cause seeding wheel rotational resistance big, if angle crosses conference to cause to clean effect It is undesirable.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of hill-drop seeder, it is intended to optimize seeder for planting patterns and plant are matched somebody with somebody The adaptability put.
The technical solution used in the present invention is specially:
A kind of hill-drop seeder, including pedestal and the reciprocating sowing unit located at the pedestal front end;Wherein:It is described Reciprocating sowing unit includes seed board and driving wheel group, the driving wheel group include active wheels and with the active wheels The rear trochal disc being connected, the active wheels are connected to the pedestal by bearing, and the rear trochal disc is connected with the seed board Connect, the seed board is connected to the pedestal.
In above-mentioned hill-drop seeder, the driving wheel group is specially:
The active wheels include driving wheel and are welded in the front wheel disc of the driving wheel, and the driving wheel with it is described Front wheel disc is concentric;The front wheel disc is connected by chain with the rear trochal disc, and the front wheel disc is coplanar with the rear trochal disc; The rear trochal disc with seed board by toggle by being connected;
The bent axle of the toggle is welded in the rear trochal disc, and the bent axle is also connected to the machine by bearing Frame.
In above-mentioned hill-drop seeder, the pedestal includes frame and the unit of the kind warehouse receipt in the frame, wherein:
Described kind of warehouse receipt unit includes kind of a storehouse, plants orlop plate, seeding pipe and colter, and the seed board is connected to described kind of orlop Plate, located at the top of described kind of orlop plate, the bottom in described kind of storehouse is provided with centre bore, connects below the centre bore in described kind of storehouse Seeding pipe is connected to, the tail end of seeding pipe is connected with colter;
Elasticity is provided with described kind of storehouse and cleans film, the elasticity cleans the surface that film is placed in the centre bore, and described The two ends of elasticity cleaning film are individually fixed in the first gripper shoe and the second gripper shoe located at described kind of orlop plate two ends.
In above-mentioned hill-drop seeder, it is butyl rubber or natural gum that the elasticity cleans the material of film.
In above-mentioned hill-drop seeder, the first planting hole and the second planting hole are provided with the seed board along its length, The seed board stretches into the middle and upper part of described kind of orlop plate.
In above-mentioned hill-drop seeder, by being inserted in difference in first planting hole or first planting hole The annulus in footpath changes the quantity sowed.
In above-mentioned hill-drop seeder, the hole heart of first planting hole and the second planting hole is away from the bias with the crank Away from equal, the eccentric throw of the crank is at least the aperture of first planting hole or second planting hole.
In above-mentioned hill-drop seeder, width≤first planting hole of the diameter≤seed board of the centre bore With the hole heart of second planting hole away from and the bottom lengths of described kind of orlop plate at least sow three times of bore dia.
In above-mentioned hill-drop seeder, the thickness of the seed board is 5~25mm.
The beneficial effect comprise that:
The crank-linkage type hill-drop seeder of the present invention such as realizes at the accurate bunch planting of spacing in the rows:By Chain conveyer and crankshaft-link rod The fixed drive ratio that the kind of drive of mechanism has so that driving wheel often rotates one week seed and drops twice, realizes accurately Bunch planting, sows into nest, and kind is not leaked in centre, and by adjusting reasonable that the size of sowing bore dia realizes sowing seed amount Match somebody with somebody, the full sowing quantity of kind grain is few, and it is more to plant the less sowing quantity of grain, it is ensured that emergence rate;
The elasticity cleaning film planted in the present invention in storehouse adopts butyl rubber for material, because its made of soft has resilient spy Point, can effectively protect seed to be not damaged by, you can effectively to load peanut, can be cleaned by it and isolation features again, The peanut constant number of sowing every time can be kept;
The design of the reciprocating seeding system of crank connecting link greatly reduces seeding machinery center of gravity so that seeding process is more saved Power, more convenient, seeding machinery is more firm;More laborsaving and the frictional force in seeding process is little, seed board only connects with top with seed Touch, pressure and frictional force are reduced, sowing is flexible;Three processes for make shovel soil by the design ploughed, sowing, bury soil are combined into Integrally, man power and material is effectively saved, improves sowing efficiency;And the seeder of the present invention need not enable the complexity such as die sinking Complete by parts production process, or even pure craft, simple structure, realization easy to process.
Description of the drawings
When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention can more completely be more fully understood.Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing A further understanding of the present invention, embodiment and its illustrates, for explaining the present invention, not constituting inappropriate limitation of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a kind of dimensional structure diagram of hill-drop seeder of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of schematic top plan view of hill-drop seeder of the invention;
Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic side view of hill-drop seeder of the invention;
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural representation of the toggle of hill-drop seeder of the invention;
Fig. 5-1 is a kind of seeding process schematic diagram one (bent axle 0 or 360 °) of hill-drop seeder of the invention;
Fig. 5-2 is a kind of seeding process schematic diagram two (90 ° of bent axle) of hill-drop seeder of the invention;
Fig. 5-3 is a kind of seeding process schematic diagram three (180 ° of bent axle) of hill-drop seeder of the invention;
Fig. 5-4 is a kind of seeding process schematic diagram four (270 ° of bent axle) of hill-drop seeder of the invention.
In figure:
1st, handspike 2, plant storehouse 3, right support plate 4, frame 5, bearing 6, bent axle 7, driving wheel 8, front wheel disc 9, Chain 10, rear trochal disc 11, connecting rod 12, seed board 13, colter 14, seeding pipe 15, left support plate 16, kind orlop plate 17th, elasticity cleans film 18, planting hole.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment is described in further detail to technical scheme.
A kind of hill-drop seeder as Figure 1-4, mainly includes that pedestal and the crank connecting link located at pedestal front end are past Compound sowing unit;Wherein:
Crank connecting link it is reciprocating sowing unit mainly include driving wheel 7, be welded in driving wheel 7 and it is concentric with driving wheel before Wheel disc 8, the rear trochal disc 10 being connected with front wheel disc 8 by chain 9 and pass sequentially through bent axle 6 and connecting rod 11 is connected with rear trochal disc 10 The seed board 12 for connecing;
As the agent structure of seeder, pedestal mainly include frame 4 and the handspike 1 in frame 4, plant storehouse 2, Seeding pipe 14, colter 13 and kind orlop plate 16;Wherein:
Seed board 12 is further attached to kind of an orlop plate 16, and driving wheel 7 is connected by bearing 5 with frame 4;
Storehouse 2 is planted on kind of orlop plate 16, the bottom centre for planting storehouse 2 is connected with seeding pipe 14, and the tail end of seeding pipe 14 connects It is connected to colter 13;And the interior elasticity cleaning film 17 that is provided with storehouse 2 is planted when the planting hole of peanut is loaded with through elasticity cleaning film 17, it is used for Peanut higher than planting hole is swept, meanwhile, isolation is placed in the peanut that elasticity cleans the top of film 17 so as to without falling into planting hole, So as to ensure the quantity of each sowing.
It is driven to realize and is reliably driven, front wheel disc 8 is concentric with driving wheel 7, and rear trochal disc 10 is coplanar with front wheel disc 8.
The one side of bent axle 6 is connected by bearing 5 with pedestal, on the other hand with rear trochal disc 10 weld after, rear trochal disc 10 according to Secondary Jing bent axles 6, connecting rod 11 are connected to kind of an orlop plate 16;Specifically:
The major part of connecting rod 11 and the concentric cooperation of bent axle 6, microcephaly and the connecting rod coaxial cooperation of the front end of seed board 12, sow Plate 12 is placed in kind of a middle and upper part for orlop plate 16, and plants orlop plate 16 and be flat on the top of pedestal and (be bolted or directly Welding), gripper shoe (15,3) is placed in kind of the top of orlop plate 16 and is respectively placed in the both sides of seed board 12, by bolt and kind Orlop plate 16 connects.Plant storehouse 2 and be placed in the surface for supporting version (15,3) and seed board 12, with gripper shoe (15,3) by bolt Connection, elasticity cleans film 17 and is overlying on kind of a surface for the centre bore of orlop plate 16, and is fixed in gripper shoe (15,3).Seeding pipe 14 top and the centre bore concentric alignment of kind orlop plate 16, and be welded on kind of orlop plate 16, colter 13 is welded in seeding pipe 14 bottom, and the tip of colter 13 is towards the direction of driving wheel 7.Handspike 1 is welded in gripper shoe (the 15,5) front of pedestal The corresponding left and right sides.
It is elastic to clean the elastic film that film adopts butyl rubber or natural gum material as a kind of preferred.
Used as a kind of preferred embodiment, frame 4 (i.e. left and right angle bar) adopts aluminum angle bar, and plants orlop plate 16 using wooden Or metal material scutum, the reciprocating sowing unit of crank connecting link adopts stainless steel, and bent axle therein 6 adopts steel with connecting rod 11 The mode of muscle welding connects, and plants Plastic Drum of the storehouse 2 using rectangular cross-section, and handspike 1 adopts stainless steel tube, seeding pipe 14 to adopt Iron pipe, colter 13 adopts ferrous material, connects the bearing and adopts metal material, plants orlop plate 16 and adopts plank, actively Wheel 7 adopts steel material, front wheel disc 8 and rear trochal disc 10 to adopt irony gear.
As shown in Fig. 5-1~5-4, in the seeder of the present invention, the crank 6 in toggle is often rotated by 360 °, and broadcasts The machine of kind is designed as sowing three times;
Spacing in the rows after planting isWherein:
A/b is the gearratio of front wheel disc 8 and rear trochal disc 10;D1 is the diameter of driving wheel 7.
And change gearratio by adjusting the diameter of rear trochal disc 10 and then realize the requirement of different spacing in the rows changes;It is different The spacing in the rows of crop is different, meets the sowing requirement for becoming spacing in the rows.
Additionally, with regard to the thickness of slab of seed board 12:If seed is (near) circular, for the diameter of seed;If seed is (near) cylinder, then be the basal diameter of seed;But thickness of slab must meet the design requirement of its 5~25mm.
Two sowings are provided with seed board 12 and fear 18, depending on its specification is according to thickness of sowing, if monoseeding, then justified Bore dia is the maximum gauge of seed, sows if two, then Circularhole diameter is 1.2~2 times of average seed diameter.Specifically Ground:
If sowing peanut, circular hole should be able to place 2 major peanuts or 3~4 small pod peanuts, or its diameter is defined to 20~32mm;If seeding corn, 2 corns should be able to be placed in circular hole, or its diameter is defined to into 10~20mm;Such as carpostrote Beans is planted, 1 beans kind should be able to be placed in circular hole.
No matter which kind of crops are sowed, the size (such as 2 times of aperture) of the hole heart of two planting holes 18 away from least aperture, And the size of planting hole 18 can be changed by being inserted into reducing annulus in hole.
The aperture (such as 1.5 times of aperture) of the minimum planting hole 18 of eccentric throw of bent axle 6, and when bent axle 6 is in front dead point When, the metapore of seed board 12 aligns with the centre bore for planting orlop plate 16, and when bent axle 6 is in rear dead point, before seed board 12 Align with the hole of orlop plate 16 is planted in hole.
In kind of a top for orlop plate 16, width is more than or equal to kind of a diameter for the centre bore of orlop plate 16 to seed board 12, and Less than or equal to the hole heart between two planting holes 18 away from and its bottom lengths is at least sowing 3 times of bore dia.
During sowing, driving wheel 7 is rotated, and drives coaxial front wheel disc 8 to rotate, and drives rear trochal disc 10 to rotate by chain 9, is led to Toggle (bent axle 6, connecting rod 11) is crossed, drives seed board 12 to move back and forth.Two planting holes that seed board 12 is provided with 18, the definition near the direction of front wheel disc 8 is front hole, and another is then metapore, when elasticity cleaning film 17 is left forward in current hole, is planted Because Action of Gravity Field is automatically fallen in hole and follows seed board 12 to move back and forth, current hole moves across elasticity and cleans film backward When 17, elasticity cleans the seed that film 17 can sweep the seed above hole and isolate in the seed and planting hole 18 of top automatically, When planting hole 18 aligns in the lower section that elasticity cleans film 17 with the centre bore for planting orlop plate 16, seed falls into through seeding pipe 14 In the ground scratched by colter 13, the soil of the afterbody of colter 13 covers seed automatically, completes once to sow;
Afterwards, metapore leaves elasticity and cleans film 17, completes seed loading;While front hole completes after planting to move forward, Metapore moves across alignd with kind of a centre bore for orlop plate 16 after the elastic cleaning for cleaning film 17 forward, sows.
Plant, sow according to alternately carrying before and after above-mentioned flow process, realizing and regularly broadcast according to same intervals in same ridge Kind, and protect seed (by taking peanut as an example) to be not damaged by.Compared with traditional seeding method, the seeder of the present invention causes to broadcast The spacing in the rows planted is more accurate;And because the seed amount of each sowing is appropriate, human and material resources are saved, easy to operate, speed of drilling Significantly lifted, and after planting therefore the bud ratio of seed is also correspondingly lifted.And nest is after planting emerged into, it is easy to sky Air-flow leads to and later stage weeding.
In a word, hill-drop seeder of the invention realizes plantation precision raising, field layout on the premise of structure simplification Rationally, the target of seed is protected, and facilitates the weeding in later stage and harvesting work, reduces labour intensity, improve work Efficiency.
Embodiments of the invention are explained above in association with accompanying drawing, accompanying drawing herein is for providing to this That what is invented further understands.Obviously, the present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention be the foregoing is only It is not limited thereto, any is to one skilled in the art can readily occurring in, of the invention essentially without departing from Change or replacement, are also all contained within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of hill-drop seeder, it is characterised in that including pedestal and the reciprocating sowing unit located at the pedestal front end; Wherein:
The reciprocating sowing unit includes seed board and driving wheel group, the driving wheel group include active wheels and with it is described The rear trochal disc that active wheels are connected, the active wheels are connected to the pedestal by bearing, and the rear trochal disc is broadcast with described Plant plate to be connected, the seed board is connected to the pedestal;
The pedestal includes frame and the unit of the kind warehouse receipt in the frame, wherein:
Described kind of warehouse receipt unit includes kind of a storehouse, plants orlop plate, seeding pipe and colter, and the seed board is connected to described kind of orlop plate, Described kind of storehouse is provided with centre bore, the lower section connection of the centre bore located at the top of described kind of orlop plate, the bottom in described kind of storehouse The tail end for having seeding pipe, seeding pipe is connected with colter;
Elasticity is provided with described kind of storehouse and cleans film, the elasticity cleans the surface that film is placed in the centre bore, and the elasticity The two ends of cleaning film are individually fixed in the first gripper shoe and the second gripper shoe located at described kind of orlop plate two ends;
It is provided with the first planting hole and the second planting hole on the seed board along its length, the definition near front wheel disc direction is front Hole, another is then metapore, and when elasticity cleaning film is left forward in current hole, seed automatically falls in hole and follows seed board reciprocal Motion, current hole moves across elasticity cleaning film backward when, elasticity cleans film and automatically the seed above hole can be swept and be isolated Seed in the seed and planting hole of top, the seed board stretches into the middle and upper part of described kind of orlop plate;
Change the quantity sowed by being inserted into the annulus of different inner diameters in first planting hole or second planting hole;
Away from equal with the eccentric throw of crank, the eccentric throw of the crank is at least for the hole heart of first planting hole and the second planting hole For first planting hole or the aperture of second planting hole;
The hole heart of the width of the diameter of the centre bore≤seed board≤first planting hole and second planting hole Away from, and the bottom lengths of described kind of orlop plate at least sow three times of bore dia;
Crank in toggle is often rotated by 360 °, and seeder is designed as sowing three times;
Spacing in the rows after planting isWherein:
A/b is the gearratio of front wheel disc and rear trochal disc;D1 is the diameter of driving wheel;
Change gearratio by adjusting the diameter of rear trochal disc and then realize the requirement of different spacing in the rows changes.
2. hill-drop seeder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the driving wheel group is specially:
The active wheels include driving wheel and are welded in the front wheel disc of the driving wheel, and the driving wheel and the front-wheel Disk is concentric;
The front wheel disc is connected by chain with the rear trochal disc, and the front wheel disc is coplanar with the rear trochal disc;
The rear trochal disc with seed board by toggle by being connected;
The bent axle of the toggle is welded in the rear trochal disc, and the bent axle is also connected to the frame by bearing.
3. hill-drop seeder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the elasticity clean the material of film be butyl rubber or Person's natural gum.
4. hill-drop seeder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of the seed board is 5~25mm.
CN201510431831.9A 2015-07-21 2015-07-21 Hole-sowing planter Expired - Fee Related CN105027766B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108951373A (en) * 2018-08-08 2018-12-07 辽宁科技大学 A kind of energy-efficient particle is even to spread device
CN111448880B (en) * 2020-04-03 2022-08-19 康庶文 Sugarcane planting equipment
CN113519236B (en) * 2021-07-29 2022-05-06 山西省农业科学院小麦研究所 Single-row single-grain seeder for wheat breeding

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4493272A (en) * 1978-08-04 1985-01-15 Rouhotas Sr Louie M Agricultural planter with sled frame, vacuum dispensing and ground drive
CN200944746Y (en) * 2006-08-07 2007-09-12 王宗祥 Connecting rod type seed discharging interplanting drill
CN201011761Y (en) * 2007-03-27 2008-01-30 王加洪 Double-row peanut sowing machine
CN201690765U (en) * 2010-05-06 2011-01-05 王尧法 Circulating hole sowing drill
CN101940119B (en) * 2010-08-28 2011-09-21 岑大伟 Dislocation type corn planting method and reciprocating flashboard type seed and fertilizer sowing machine
CN202050664U (en) * 2011-03-18 2011-11-30 武汉市天牧机械设备制造有限公司 Precision direct sowing machine for rape
CN204837017U (en) * 2015-07-21 2015-12-09 北京建筑大学 Bunch planting seeder

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