CN102405702B - Vibration deep-scarification and fertilization precision drill - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an agricultural machine. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an all-in-one machine for vibrating deep loosening, fertilizing and precision seeding, which can complete multiple processes such as deep loosening of soil, deep application of fertilizer, ditching, precision seeding, covering soil, and compaction in one operation, which not only loosens the soil Without damaging the ground surface, precision sowing and fertilization can be achieved, which fundamentally improves the internal environment of the seed bed. Water storage and moisture conservation are more conducive to the growth and development of crops, creating good conditions for high crop yields. The vibrating subsoiling and fertilizing precision seeder of the present invention comprises a vibrating subsoiling mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism and a seeding mechanism.

Description

A vibrating subsoiling fertilization precision seeder

technical field

The invention relates to an agricultural machine, in particular to a precision seeder for vibrating subsoiling and fertilizing for corn seeding. It can complete the processes of deep loosening of soil, deep application of chemical fertilizers, precision corn seeding, soil covering, and suppression at one time.

Background technique

Due to the influence of traditional farming methods, the land has not been deeply loosened for many years, the soil plow layer has become significantly shallower, the plow bottom layer has thickened year by year, and the cultivated land has become increasingly compacted, which hinders the smooth extension of the corn root system, is not conducive to water conservation, and restricts the increase in grain production. . The development of modern agriculture urgently needs to carry out land subsoiling operations, break the plow bottom layer, improve the quality of cultivated land, increase land output rate, and enhance comprehensive agricultural production capacity. At present, there are also various subsoilers, but all of them have high power consumption and large power consumption. The 4-row subsoiling needs medium and high-power tractors to realize it, which not only increases the cost of subsoiling but also increases fuel consumption. High-power tractors are bulky, which makes it difficult to turn on the ground. The planting operation procedures formed over the years are complicated. At present, subsoiling, fertilization and sowing need to be completed many times. The investment in equipment is high, the operating cost is high, and the production efficiency is low. In addition, the tractor has entered the ground many times to compact the soil, and the precision planting machine has high working efficiency. High, accurate seeding rate, saving working hours and seeds, etc., are very popular among users. However, due to the need for supporting power-driven fan work for air-blowing seeding, and the large power consumption of subsoiling machinery, the power of the vibrating mechanism of the vibrating subsoiling planter is currently It is output by the power output shaft of the tractor. The vibration will cause the tractor to vibrate, which will easily cause discomfort to the tractor driver. At the same time, the vibration will also have a certain impact on the seed meter, making it difficult to achieve precise seeding. Therefore, there is still no machine tool jointly developed by vibrating subsoiling and air-blowing precision seeding and fertilizing operations.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a vibrating subsoiling fertilization and precision seeding integrated machine, which can complete multiple processes such as subsoiling, deep fertilizer application, ditching, precision sowing, soil covering, and suppression in one operation. It not only loosens the soil but does not damage the surface, so as to achieve precise sowing and fertilization, fundamentally improve the internal environment of the seedbed, water storage and moisture conservation are more conducive to the growth and development of crops, and create good conditions for high crop yields.

To achieve the above object, the present invention takes the following technical solutions:

A precision seeder for vibrating subsoiling and fertilizing, characterized in that the precision seeding machine for vibrating subsoiling and fertilizing includes a vibrating subsoiling mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism and a seeding mechanism.

The vibrating subsoil fertilization precision seeder also includes: an eccentric shaft 19, one end of the eccentric shaft 19 is connected with the power output shaft of the tractor through a coupling, the other end is connected with the blower fan 8, and its middle position is connected by a cross shaft. The shaft device 27 hinges the eccentric section of the connecting plate 24 .

The vibration subsoiling mechanism includes a support shaft 18 and a subsoiling shovel 4; the two ends of the support shaft 18 are connected to the support shaft bearing seat fixed on the frame 1 through the support shaft bearing; the support shaft 18 is connected to the connecting plate 24; One end of the auxiliary plate 25 is respectively connected to both sides of the support shaft 18, and the other end is connected to the subsoiling shovel 4 through the shovel clamp 21; A subsoiling shovel4.

The ground wheel 5 is fixed on both sides of the crossbeam 6, and the subsoiling depth of the subsoiling shovel 4 can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the ground wheel 5.

The fertilization mechanism includes a fertilizer box 7 fixed on the beam 6, a fertilizer discharge pipe 17 connecting the fertilizer box 7 and a subsoiling shovel 4, and a fertilizer box shaft connected to the ground wheel shaft.

Described sowing mechanism comprises the blower fan 8 that is fixed on the blower stand 9, is connected with the air inlet 12 that is positioned at the top of the seed meter 13 through the air duct; The parallel four-bar mechanism 15 that is fixed on the crossbeam 6 by U-shaped card; The parallel four-bar mechanism 15 is connected to the seed-discharging unit, and the shaft of the seed-discharging unit is connected to the ground wheel shaft.

The seed metering unit includes a seed meter 13, a ditching disc 14 positioned in front of the seed meter 13, a seed box 10 communicated with the seed meter 13 and fixed above the seed meter 13, and a seed box 10 located on the seed meter 13. The suppressing wheel 11 of 13 rears.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The vibrating subsoiling and fertilizing precision seeding machine of the present invention integrates the functions of subsoiling, corn air blowing precision seeding, and chemical fertilizer deep application, and solves the number of operations caused by separate operations of corn sowing and subsoiling Many, compacted soil and high power consumption.

2. Compared with the non-vibrating subsoiler under the same conditions, the traction resistance of the vibrating subsoiling and fertilizing precision seeder of the present invention is significantly reduced, so that medium-sized tractors can be used to complete subsoiling operations that can only be completed by large tractors.

3. When the general vibration subsoiler is working, due to the reaction force of the soil on the shovel handle, the overall vibration of the machine is caused, which in turn drives the tractor to vibrate. This vibration will cause the tractor driver's physical discomfort. The middle subsoiling shovel of the vibrating subsoiling and fertilizing precision seeder of the present invention vibrates actively to loosen the soil. The subsoiler shovels on both sides vibrate passively to reduce vibration.

4. The precision seeder for vibrating subsoiling and fertilizing according to the present invention is easy to adjust the subsoiling depth, subsoiling interval, fertilization amount and sowing depth.

5. The vibrating subsoiling and fertilizing precision seeder of the present invention adopts a single four-link profiling mechanism, so that the sowing depth can be kept consistent regardless of the horizontal or vertical fluctuations of the ground.

6. The precision seeder for vibrating deep loosening and fertilizing according to the present invention can distribute the fertilizer in the area of 100mm to 250mm in the soil, which effectively improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer, and no longer requires artificial secondary topdressing, which greatly reduces the cost.

7. The precision seeder for vibrating deep loosening and fertilizing according to the present invention can not only break the bottom layer of the plow, loosen the soil, and fertilize the whole layer, but also reduce the compaction of the soil caused by multiple entry of the machine into the ground. body, achieved precision seeding.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the tool axonometric view of the vibrating deep loosening and fertilizing precision seeder of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the vibrating deep loosening and fertilizing precision seeder of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the vibrating subsoiling shovel mechanism of the vibrating subsoiling fertilization precision seeder of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the eccentric shaft of the vibrating subsoiling and fertilizing precision seeder of the present invention.

reference sign

1 Rack 2 Diagonal tie rod

3 Suspension connecting rod 4 Subsoiling shovel

5 Ground wheels 6 Crossbeam

7 Fertilizer box 8 Fan

9 fan stand 10 seed box

11 Pressure wheel 12 Air inlet

13 Seed Meter 14 Ditching Disc

15 Parallel four-bar mechanism 16 Ground wheel adjustment lever

17 Fertilizer discharge pipe 18 Support shaft

19 eccentric shaft 20 subsoiling shovel bend pipe

21 Spade Clamp 22 Bearing

23 bearing housing 24 connecting plate

25 Connecting the sub-plate 26 Eccentric bearing seat

27 Cross coupling 28 Lower connection card

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, a vibrating subsoiling fertilization precision seeder of the present invention includes a frame 1, a diagonal stay rod 2, a suspension connecting rod 3, a subsoiling shovel 4, and a ground wheel 5 , beam 6, fertilizer box 7, fan 8, fan rack 9, seed box 10, suppression wheel 11, air inlet 12, seed meter 13, ditching disc 14, four-bar mechanism 15, ground wheel adjustment lever 16, Fertilizer pipe 17, eccentric shaft 19, deep loosening shovel bend pipe 20, shovel clamp 21, bearing 22, bearing seat 23, connecting plate 24, connecting sub-plate 25, eccentric bearing seat 26, cross coupling 27, lower connecting card 28.

A precision seeder for vibrating subsoiling and fertilizing according to the present invention comprises a vibrating subsoiling mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism and an air-blown seeding mechanism. Among them, the vibrating subsoiling mechanism completes the subsoiling operation, the fertilization mechanism completes the fertilization operation, the disc opener completes the ditching and sowing operation, the air blowing sowing mechanism completes the sowing, and the pressing wheel covers and compacts the sown seeds. During work, the vibrating subsoiling mechanism relies on the ground wheels 5 on both sides of the implement to limit the depth, the air-blown seeding mechanism relies on the fan 8 to provide wind power, and the seeding unit is connected to the parallel four-bar linkage profiling mechanism to ensure the sowing depth.

One end of the diagonal stay rod 2 and the suspension connecting rod 3 is connected with the frame 1, and the other end is connected with the tractor. Bearing seat 23, fan frame 9, beam 6 and support shaft bearing seat are installed on the frame 1. As shown in Figure 4, one end of the eccentric shaft 19 is an octagonal spline shaft end, which is connected with the power output shaft of the tractor through a coupling; The supported eccentric section is connected to the upper end of the cross shaft coupling 27 through the eccentric bearing and the eccentric bearing seat 26, and the lower end of the cross shaft coupling 27 is hinged to one end of the connecting plate 24, and the other end of the connecting plate 24 is connected to the support shaft 18; the other end of the eccentric shaft 19 is connected to the small pulley, the small pulley is driven by the belt and the large pulley, and the large pulley is connected to the fan 8. The eccentric bearing is axially positioned by the shoulder of the eccentric shaft, the round nut plus the stop washer.

The vibration subsoiling mechanism includes a support shaft 18 and a subsoiling shovel 4 connected with a fertilizer discharge pipe 17, as shown in FIG. 3 . The two ends of support shaft 18 are connected and fixed on the support shaft bearing seat on the frame 1 by support shaft bearings. The support shaft 18 is connected to the connecting plate 24 . One ends of the two connecting sub-plates 25 are respectively connected to both sides of the supporting shaft 18, and the connecting plate 24 and the connecting sub-plate 25 can swing around the supporting shaft 18; Shovel 4. Two other subsoiling shovels 4 are connected and fixed by shovel clamps 21 on the subsoiling shovel elbows 20 on both sides of the beam 6 . The subsoiling shovel 4 connected with the connection sub-plate 25 can actively vibrate along with the vibration of the connection sub-plate 25, and the subsoiling shovel 4 connected with the subsoiling shovel elbow 20 is a passive vibration.

The fertilization mechanism includes the fertilizer box 7 fixedly connected to the beam 6, the fertilizer discharge pipe 17 connecting the fertilizer box 7 and the subsoiling shovel 4, and the fertilizer box shaft connected to the ground wheel shaft, and adjusting the amount of fertilizer by changing the working length of the fertilizer discharger size.

The air-blown sowing mechanism includes a fan 8 fixed on the fan frame 9, which sends the wind to the air inlet 12 above the seed meter 13 through the air duct; Mechanism 15, the parallel four-bar mechanism 15 is connected to the single seeding unit, while realizing profiling at all times, it also ensures the depth of sowing; and the single unit shaft of seeding connected to the ground wheel shaft.

The seed metering unit includes a seed meter 13, a ditching disc 14 located in front of the seed meter 13, a seed box 10 communicated with the seed meter 13 and fixed above the seed meter 13, and a seed box 10 located behind the seed meter 13. The suppression wheel 11.

The ground wheel 5 is fixed on both sides of the crossbeam 6, and is connected with the fertilizer box shaft and the single seeding shaft. When the ground wheel is walking, the gear on the ground wheel shaft is driven by the transmission chain to move the fertilizer discharge shaft and the seed discharge single shaft to realize fertilizer discharge and seed discharge. The subsoiling depth of the subsoiling shovel 4 can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the ground wheel 5 .

When the present invention is working normally, its working process is: the power output shaft of the tractor drives the eccentric shaft 19 to rotate through the shaft coupling, and the eccentric shaft 19 converts the circular motion into the up and down movement of its cross coupling 27, and the cross coupling 27 The up and down movement drives the connecting plate 24 to vibrate up and down. Since the support shaft 18 is fixed on the frame 1 and can only rotate around the central axis, the connecting plate 24 and the sub-plate 25 connected thereto vibrate around the support shaft 18 in a small range. The up and down vibrations connected to the sub-plate 25 drive the two subsoiling shovels 4 on it to vibrate actively, while the two subsoiling shovels 4 connected to the subsoiling shovel elbow 20 on both sides of the beam 6 vibrate passively, and the four subsoiling shovels vibrate passively. 4 Complete the vibration subsoiling work. Simultaneously, the rotation of the eccentric shaft 19 drives the blower fan 8 to work through the belt wheel drive, and the blower fan 8 transmits the wind power to the air inlet 12 on the seed meter 13 through the air duct to complete the air blowing, and under the transmission of the ground wheel shaft of the ground wheel 5, The rotation of the single axis of seeding that drives the seed metering device 13 has completed the seeding work. The ground wheel 5 transmits power to the shaft of the fertilizer box through the ground wheel, thereby driving the fertilizer discharger to discharge fertilizer. The ditching disc 14 completes the ditching sowing operation. The suppressing wheel 11 covers and compacts the seeds sown.

The present invention is only described with the above examples, and the structure, setting position, and connection of each component can be changed. On the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, all improvements and equivalent transformations of individual components according to the principle of the present invention , shall not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a vibrating subsoiling fertilising precision sower is characterized in that: described vibrating subsoiling fertilising precision sower involving vibrations subsoiler structure, fertilizing mechanism and sowing mechanism;

Described sowing mechanism comprises the blower fan (8) that is fixed on the blower fan frame (9), is connected with the air inlet (12) that is positioned at seeding unit (13) top by airduct; By the U-shaped parallelogram lindage (15) that fastens on crossbeam (6); Described parallelogram lindage (15) connects the seeding monomer, and described seeding one-body shaft connects land axle;

Described vibrating subsoiling fertilising precision sower also comprises:

Eccentric shaft (19), an end of described eccentric shaft (19) by shaft coupling be connected with the power take-off of tractor, the other end connects blower fan (8), position is the eccentric segment of plate (24) that are articulated and connected by cross-pin coupling (27) in the middle of it.

2. vibrating subsoiling as claimed in claim 1 fertilising precision sower is characterized in that:

Described vibrating subsoiling mechanism comprises bolster (18) and deep soil loosing shovel (4); The two ends of bolster (18) are fastened on supporting shaft bearing seat on the frame (1) by supporting shaft bearing; Back shaft (18) connects connecting plate (24); Both sides, the other end that one end of two connection subplates (25) is connected to bolster (18) connect deep soil loosing shovel (4) by shovel folder (21); On the deep soil loosing shovel bend pipe (20) of crossbeam (6) both sides, be fixedly connected with two other deep soil loosing shovel (4) by shovel folder (21).

3. vibrating subsoiling as claimed in claim 2 fertilising precision sower, it is characterized in that: land wheel (5) is fixed on the both sides of crossbeam (6), can adjust the dark loose degree of depth of deep soil loosing shovel (4) by the height of regulating land wheel (5).

4. vibrating subsoiling as claimed in claim 1 fertilising precision sower is characterized in that:

Described fertilizing mechanism comprises the fertile case (7) that is fixed on the crossbeam (6), connects the defertilizing tube (17) of fertile case (7) and deep soil loosing shovel (4), and the fertile case axle that connects land axle.

5. vibrating subsoiling as claimed in claim 1 fertilising precision sower is characterized in that:

Described seeding monomer comprises seeding unit (13), is positioned at the trench digging disk (14) in seeding unit (13) the place ahead, is communicated with and is fixed in the seeding box (10) of seeding unit (13) top with seeding unit (13), and the press wheel (11) that is positioned at seeding unit (13) rear.

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