CN105016486A - Control formula and enforcement method aiming at enteromorpha harm during polyculture of shrimp, crab and shellfish - Google Patents
Control formula and enforcement method aiming at enteromorpha harm during polyculture of shrimp, crab and shellfish Download PDFInfo
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- CN105016486A CN105016486A CN201510441903.8A CN201510441903A CN105016486A CN 105016486 A CN105016486 A CN 105016486A CN 201510441903 A CN201510441903 A CN 201510441903A CN 105016486 A CN105016486 A CN 105016486A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control formula and an enforcement method aiming at enteromorpha harm during polyculture of shrimp, crab and shellfish. The control formula aiming at enteromorpha harm during polyculture of shrimp, crab and shellfish comprises the following compositions by weight: 70%-95% of water-benefiting live baceria, 2%-25% of a composite algae source, and 0.1%-5% of vibrio invincible opponent, wherein the composite algae source is a mixture of an algae culturing agent named as Yuzaoyuan and an algae flourishing agent named as Zaowang with the ratio rato of 1:2-2:1. The invention also discloses a control method aiming at enteromorpha harm during polyculture of shrimp, crab and shellfish. Therefore, the technical scheme is capable of effectively controlling enteromorpha, reducing mortality of shrimp, crab and shellfish and enhancing life vitality of shrimp, crab and shellfish, and also helps to solve the pond water quality and sediment eutrophication problems, inhibit enteromorpha growth, eliminate multiple harmful bacteria in shrimp, crab and shellfish, and reduce content of harmful bacteria in water.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fishery field, be specifically related to control formula and implementation method that a kind of shrimp, crab and shellfish raises together with the harm of middle Enteromorpha.
Background technology
After prawn ' s virus prevailing disease is broken out, the shrimp culture industry of sea pond comes down rapidly.Up to the present, also do not capture prawn virus disease completely, thus try to explore the comprehensive utilization technique of sea pond, it is the comprehensive ecological cultivation Main Patterns of current sea pond that shrimp, crab and shellfish is raised together with.Enteromorpha is a kind of large-scale benthic algae, is not only the main assailant causing 2008 Qingdao immediate offshore area green algas, and brings tremendous economic loss to seawater pond culture.Traditional treatment process is all prevented and treated by herbicide medicine, although short run effect is obvious, easily repeatedly, cures the symptoms, not the disease.And often using herbicide medicine, Enteromorpha easily produces resistance, and this just makes raiser to have to escalated dose, and if things go on like this, the improvement of Enteromorpha has just been absorbed in a vicious cycle.
Enteromorpha endangers in shrimp, crab and shellfish is raised together with: one is the nutritive substance absorbed in water body, inhibits the breeding of planktonic algae, the growth that have a strong impact on to ingest benthic algae and organic debris are main shellfish; Two is shellfishes that Enteromorpha amount reproduction covers pond bottom cultivation, thus causes its death by suffocation; Three is that the product such as fish shrimp crabs of other cultivation also can be snarled by algal filament and affects normal activity and dead, is lowered into motility rate; Four is along with water temperature raises, and rots after the Enteromorpha death of bottom, causes bottom anoxic, toxic substance to produce in a large number, causes culturing pool swimming crab, prawn generation corpus rubrum and mortality.
And Enteromorpha spreads control and is mainly manifested in: from the seed (spore) of Enteromorpha growth needs, illumination and the large condition of nutrition three, as long as we can limit any one condition wherein, Enteromorpha just can not amount reproduction.One is seed: Enteromorpha maturation forms spore later, just as the seed of plant, is propagated by current, and grows under adapt circumstance.Pond is all by receiving tide water inlet, will inevitably bringing the spore of Enteromorpha from off-lying sea into, wants to suppress Enteromorpha growth to be almost impossible from this respect.Two is nutrition: the nutritive substance needed for Enteromorpha growth is mainly derived from external source seawater and pond bottom settling.In recent years, due to industry, the discharge of sanitary sewage and the increase of cultivation density, coastal waters water body environment eutrophication is serious.Meanwhile, the pond that the cultivation time limit is longer, bottom organic matter is abundanter, and therefore, Enteromorpha may not lack growing nutrient material.Three is illumination: Enteromorpha is the same with other green plantss, carries out metabolism by photosynthesis.Enteromorpha starts to spread unchecked in pond, is all generally from the shallow place of pond ambient water or adherance top (dried up is nearer), gradually to bottom, the place of the depth of water spreads.Generally speaking, water quality is thiner, and transparency is larger, and Enteromorpha growth is more vigorous, and major cause is exactly that pond bottom receives sufficient illumination, meets the lighting requirements of Enteromorpha growth.If water transparency can be reduced, control the intensity of illumination of bottom, make it can not meet the mushroom demand of Enteromorpha, just fundamentally control Enteromorpha raised growth.Therefore, by cultivating rapidly appropriate planktonic algae, reducing transparency, controlling the intensity of illumination of bottom, make Enteromorpha can not amount reproduction.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide control formula and the implementation method that a kind of shrimp, crab and shellfish raises together with middle Enteromorpha, the growth of fundamentally removing to stop Enteromorpha by this method specifically, and reduce pond transparency by growth Micro Algae, control the environment of Enteromorpha growth, reach the healthy aquaculture of shrimp, crab and shellfish.Therefore the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Shrimp, crab and shellfish raises together with a control formula for middle Enteromorpha harm, and it comprises following components by weight percent:
Benefit water viable bacteria element 70% ~ 95%;
Compound algae source 2% ~ 25%;
Vibrios jinx 0.1% ~ 5%,
Wherein said compound algae source is for educating algae source and the prosperous mixture by weight 1:2 ~ 2:1 of algae.
As the preferred technical solution of the present invention, described beneficial water viable bacteria element comprises: Bacillus natto, marine yeast, bacillus cereus, one or more of any weight ratio in uninteresting genus bacillus, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, milk-acid bacteria.
As the preferred technical solution of the present invention, described vibrios jinx is many strains Bdellovibrio, mainly contains any weight ratio in the Bdellovibrios such as bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio, Si Tuopu vibrios, Bdellovibrio starrii one or more.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the implementation method that a kind of shrimp, crab and shellfish raises together with middle Enteromorpha injury survey formula, and it comprises the steps:
(1) beneficial water viable bacteria element is discharged;
(2) discharge educate algae source and algae prosperous;
(3) vibrios jinx is discharged.
As the preferred technical solution of the present invention, described in discharge beneficial water viable bacteria element be preferably pond water temperature 12 ~ 20 DEG C.
As the preferred technical solution of the present invention, described in discharge beneficial water viable bacteria element, be specially after putting seedling, select calm fine day, by beneficial water viable bacteria element pool water dilute immersion evenly splash in pond in full pond after 4 ~ 6 hours.
As the preferred technical solution of the present invention, described in discharge educate algae source and algae prosperous, be specially and evenly splash with complete sprinkling after Chi Shui dilution, when Chi Shui starts to become clear, again mend and execute; Chi Shui thickens, and can reduce or need not.
As the preferred technical solution of the present invention, described in discharge vibrios jinx, the pool can be adopted to splash mode or soak shrimp seedling mode and implement.
As further optimal technical scheme of the present invention, the described pool mode of splashing is use after putting seedling, and vibrios jinx is diluted rear full pool spilling head, every 15 days once, takes the circumstances into consideration to increase when high temperature or water quality inferiority.
As further optimal technical scheme of the present invention, described immersion shrimp seedling mode is that every 200 kg of water add vibrios jinx 200 ~ 300 milliliters, soaks shrimp seedling 15 minutes, and in water oxygenation.
Beneficial effect: innovative point of the present invention is the growth of fundamentally stopping Enteromorpha, and reduce pond transparency by growth Micro Algae, control the environment of Enteromorpha growth, reach the healthy aquaculture of shrimp, crab and shellfish.Because used beneficial water viable bacteria element is main, containing bacillus cereus, subtilis, milk-acid bacteria etc., its effect has: subtilis has powerful colonization ability, in process containing in organic many water quality, substrate, has good purification function; Be rich in multiple-microorganism population, the nutrition in environment can be balanced, control poisonous and harmful substances content, improve water body purification ability.The effect of above-mentioned two aspects, efficiently solve water quality, the substrate eutrophication problem in pond (especially aging pond), abundant micropopulation is that in pond, species diversity provides the foundation, thus built a relative equilibrium, stable breeding environment, this just fundamentally inhibits the prolific nutrition foundation of Enteromorpha.Used following closely educate algae source and the prosperous main component of algae is amino acid and the micronutrient element needed for algal grown, educating algae source is that liquid is more easily absorbed by Micro Algae, makes it grow fast; Algae is prosperous provides lasting nutrition for Micro Algae, ensures Micro Algae vigorous growth.Only have Micro Algae Fast-propagation, reduce transparency, suppress Enteromorpha growth, guarantee water Middle nutrition is not absorbed by Enteromorpha and spreads unchecked.The vibrios jinx main component finally used is many strains Bdellovibrio, can engulf multiple harmful bacteria in the body such as shrimp, crab, reduces the content of harmful bacteria in water body.A set of step like this gets off fundamentally to provide a healthy environment, the transparency in pond significantly reduced before this, Enteromorpha slowly rots to resolve into nontoxic Micro Algae nutritive salt, the ingestion ability of shrimp, crab and shellfish class at the bottom of pond strengthens, vigor strengthens, substantially do not find death, obviously form a line of growth, the healthy aquaculture of such shrimp, crab and shellfish class just reaches.
Embodiment
According to following embodiment, can better understand the present invention.But those skilled in the art will readily understand, embodiment, described content only for illustration of the present invention, and should can not limit the present invention described in detail in claims yet.
Embodiment 1:
Shrimp, crab and shellfish raises together with the control formula of middle Enteromorpha harm, and it comprises the component of following weight percent:
Bacillus cereus 10%
Uninteresting genus bacillus 40%
Rhodopseudomonas palustris 20%
Compound algae source 25%
Bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio 2%
This Top vibrios 3%.
Wherein, described compound algae source is educate algae source and the prosperous mixture by weight 5:3 of algae.
Specific implementation method is:
(1) bacillus cereus, uninteresting genus bacillus, Rhodopseudomonas palustris is discharged.Calm, fine day, pond water temperature 12 DEG C, increases oxygenating machine, and with pool water dilution immersion 4 hours before discharging, evenly splash in full pond.
(2) discharge educate algae source and algae prosperous.Evenly splash with complete sprinkling after Chi Shui dilution, when Chi Shui starts to become clear, again mend and execute; Chi Shui thickens, and can reduce or need not.
(3) bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio, Si Tuopu vibrios is discharged.Splashing in the pool: uses after putting seedling, by full pool spilling head after bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio, the dilution of Si Tuopu vibrios, every 15 days once.
Embodiment 1 effect: pond transparency is down to 20cm by 120cm, water colour dark yellow-green, most of Enteromorpha death is decomposed, and the benthic mollusca mortality ratio such as quahog at the bottom of pond reduce 50% than before, shrimp crab ingestion ability strengthens.
Embodiment 2:
Shrimp, crab and shellfish raises together with the control formula of middle Enteromorpha harm, and it comprises the component of following weight percent:
Bacillus cereus 20%
Uninteresting genus bacillus 45%
Milk-acid bacteria 15%
Marine yeast 15%
Compound algae source 2%
Bdellovibrio starrii 3%.
Wherein, described compound algae source is educate algae source and the prosperous mixture by weight 2:1 of algae.
Specific implementation method is:
(1) beneficial water viable bacteria element is discharged.Southeaster 2 grades, fine day pond water temperature 18 DEG C, increases oxygenating machine, and with pool water dilution immersion 6 hours before discharging, evenly splash in full pond.Within every 15 days, benefit is executed.
(2) discharge educate algae source and algae prosperous.Evenly splash with complete sprinkling after Chi Shui dilution, when Chi Shui starts to become clear, again mend and execute.
(3) vibrios jinx is discharged.Splashing in the pool: uses after putting seedling, full pool spilling head after dilution, every 10 days once.
Embodiment 2 effect: pond transparency is down to 40cm by 120cm, water colour oyster, the death of part Enteromorpha is decomposed, and the benthic mollusca mortality ratio such as quahog at the bottom of pond reduce 40% than before, shrimp crab ingestion ability is slightly shown in enhancing.
Embodiment 3:
Shrimp, crab and shellfish raises together with the control formula of middle Enteromorpha harm, and it comprises the component of following weight percent:
Bacillus natto 15%
Marine yeast 45%
Bacillus cereus 15%
Compound algae source 14%
This Top vibrios 2%
Bdellovibrio starrii 2%.
Wherein, described compound algae source is educate algae source and the prosperous mixture by weight 1:1 of algae.
Specific implementation method is:
(1) beneficial water viable bacteria element is discharged.Southeaster 2 grades, cloudy, pond water temperature 20 DEG C, increases oxygenating machine, and with pool water dilution immersion 4.5 hours before discharging, evenly splash in full pond.Within every 12 days, benefit is executed.
(2) discharge educate algae source and algae prosperous.Evenly splash with complete sprinkling after Chi Shui dilution, when Chi Shui starts to become clear, again mend and execute.
(3) vibrios jinx is discharged.Splashing in the pool: uses after putting seedling, full pool spilling head after dilution, every 8 days once.
Embodiment 3 effect: pond transparency is down to 35cm by 120cm, water colour yellow-green colour, the basic all dead decomposition of Enteromorpha, the benthic mollusca mortality ratio such as quahog at the bottom of pond reduce 70% than before, shrimp crab ingestion ability strengthens.
Embodiment 4:
Shrimp, crab and shellfish raises together with the control formula of middle Enteromorpha harm, and it comprises the component of following weight percent:
Marine yeast 20%
Subtilis 45%
Milk-acid bacteria 28%
Compound algae source 6.9%
Bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio 0.1%.
Wherein, described compound algae source is educate algae source and the prosperous mixture by weight 1:2 of algae.
Specific implementation method is:
(1) beneficial water viable bacteria element is discharged.Southeaster 3 grades, fine day, pond water temperature 19 DEG C, does not drive oxygenating machine, and with pool water dilution immersion 6 hours before discharging, evenly splash in full pond.Within every 10 days, benefit is executed.
(2) discharge educate algae source and algae prosperous.Evenly splash with complete sprinkling after Chi Shui dilution, when Chi Shui starts to become clear, again mend and execute.
(3) vibrios jinx is discharged.Splashing in the pool: uses after putting seedling, full pool spilling head after dilution, every 8 days once.
Embodiment 4 effect: pond transparency is down to 50cm by 120cm, water colour oyster, the death of part Enteromorpha is decomposed, and the benthic mollusca mortality ratio such as quahog at the bottom of pond reduce 60% than before, and shrimp crab ingestion ability strengthens.
Embodiment 5:
Shrimp, crab and shellfish raises together with the control formula of middle Enteromorpha harm, and it comprises the component of following weight percent:
Bacillus natto 15%
Rhodopseudomonas palustris 30%
Milk-acid bacteria 39%
Compound algae source 15%
Bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio 0.5%
Bdellovibrio starrii 0.5%.
Wherein, described compound algae source is educate algae source and the prosperous mixture by weight 4:5 of algae.
Specific implementation method is:
(1) beneficial water viable bacteria element is discharged.Select east wind one-level, cloudy, pond water temperature 15 DEG C, increases oxygenating machine, and with pool water dilution immersion 56 hours before discharging, evenly splash in full pond.Within every 13 days, benefit is executed.
(2) discharge educate algae source and algae prosperous.Evenly splash with complete sprinkling after Chi Shui dilution, when Chi Shui starts to become clear, again mend and execute.
(3) vibrios jinx is discharged.Soak shrimp seedling: every 200 kg of water add this product 250 milliliters, soak shrimp seedling 15 minutes, oxygenation in water.
Embodiment 5 effect: pond transparency is down to 30cm by 120cm, water colour yellow-green colour, the basic all dead decomposition of Enteromorpha, the benthic mollusca mortality ratio such as quahog at the bottom of pond reduce 80% than before, shrimp crab ingestion ability significantly strengthens.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; do under other any does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and principle substitute, combine, simplify, equivalent structure changes, equivalent flow process converts; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. shrimp, crab and shellfish raises together with a control formula for middle Enteromorpha harm, and it is characterized in that, it comprises following components by weight percent:
Benefit water viable bacteria element 70% ~ 95%;
Compound algae source 2% ~ 25%;
Vibrios jinx 0.1% ~ 5%,
Wherein said compound algae source is for educating algae source and the prosperous mixture by weight 1:2 ~ 2:1 of algae.
2. the beneficial water viable bacteria element described in comprises: Bacillus natto, marine yeast, bacillus cereus, one or more of any weight ratio in uninteresting genus bacillus, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, milk-acid bacteria.
3. shrimp, crab and shellfish according to claim 1 raises together with the control formula of middle Enteromorpha harm, it is characterized in that: described vibrios jinx for many strains Bdellovibrio, mainly contains one or more of any weight ratio in the Bdellovibrios such as bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio, Si Tuopu vibrios, Bdellovibrio starrii.
4. shrimp, crab and shellfish as claimed in claim 1 raises together with an implementation method for middle Enteromorpha injury survey formula, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) beneficial water viable bacteria element is discharged;
(2) discharge educate algae source and algae prosperous;
(3) vibrios jinx is discharged.
5. shrimp, crab and shellfish according to claim 4 raise together with middle Enteromorpha injury survey formula implementation method, it is characterized in that: described in discharge beneficial water viable bacteria element be preferably pond water temperature 12 ~ 20 DEG C.
6. shrimp, crab and shellfish according to claim 4 raises together with the implementation method of middle Enteromorpha injury survey formula, it is characterized in that: described in discharge beneficial water viable bacteria element, be specially after putting seedling, select calm fine day, beneficial water viable bacteria element pool water dilution immersion was evenly splashed in pond in full pond after 4 ~ 6 hours.
7. shrimp, crab and shellfish according to claim 4 raises together with the implementation method of middle Enteromorpha injury survey formula, it is characterized in that: described in discharge educate algae source and algae prosperous, be specially and evenly splash with complete sprinkling after Chi Shui dilution, when Chi Shui starts to become clear, again mend and execute; Chi Shui thickens, and can reduce or need not.
8. shrimp, crab and shellfish according to claim 4 raises together with the implementation method of middle Enteromorpha injury survey formula, it is characterized in that: described in discharge vibrios jinx, the pool can be adopted to splash mode or soak shrimp seedling mode and implement.
9. shrimp, crab and shellfish according to claim 8 raises together with the implementation method of middle Enteromorpha injury survey formula, it is characterized in that: the described pool mode of splashing is use after putting seedling, and vibrios jinx is diluted rear full pool spilling head, every 15 days once, take the circumstances into consideration when high temperature or water quality inferiority to increase.
10. shrimp, crab and shellfish according to claim 8 raises together with the implementation method of middle Enteromorpha injury survey formula, it is characterized in that: described immersions shrimp seedling mode is that every 200 kg of water add vibrios jinx 200 ~ 300 milliliters, immersion shrimp seedling 15 minutes, and in water oxygenation.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108102924A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-06-01 | 广东绿百多生物开发有限公司 | A kind of method of germ contamination in control chlorella culture using bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio |
| CN109055266A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-21 | 广州海诚生物科技有限公司 | A kind of biological agent and the preparation method and application thereof with vibrios growth in the inhibition shrimp pool |
| CN112868577A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-06-01 | 上海泰缘生物科技股份有限公司 | River crab culture water treatment method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109055266B (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2021-10-01 | 广州海诚生物科技有限公司 | Biological agent capable of inhibiting growth of vibrio in shrimp pond and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112868577A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-06-01 | 上海泰缘生物科技股份有限公司 | River crab culture water treatment method |
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