CN105010236A - Breeding raising method for meat sheep - Google Patents
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- CN105010236A CN105010236A CN201410174261.5A CN201410174261A CN105010236A CN 105010236 A CN105010236 A CN 105010236A CN 201410174261 A CN201410174261 A CN 201410174261A CN 105010236 A CN105010236 A CN 105010236A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding raising method for meat sheep. The method is characterized by comprising the steps: by taking poll dorset sheep as a male parent and small tailed han sheep as a female parent, carrying out hybridization, wherein the propagative technologies mainly comprise estrus control, hormone treatment, biological stimulation, vaginal sponge method and prostatic hormone method to promote superovulation, a tit double-lamb agent or a twinborn-medicament, which is an aqueous agent and an oil agent, is adopted; 1 ml of the aqueous agent is subcutaneously injected into the neck of each of the male sheep once in 5 weeks and 2 weeks before mating; and 2 ml of the oil agent product is intramuscularly injected at the buttock in 2 weeks before mating. Twins and polyembryony are induced. Fundamental hybridization improvement is carried out from biological characteristics, artificial raising environment selection, raising variety selection, propagative technical improvement, raising feed research, fattening management technologies and disease diagnosis, prevention and treatment, and the meat sheep variety is bred, so that implementation of industrialization of the meet sheep is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cultural technique field, being specifically related to Polled Dosert sheep is male parent, is that female parent is hybridized, selects a kind of reproductive number many, have precocity, grow the breeding mutton sheep fast, meat performance is high with Small-fat-tail sheep.
Background technology
China, owing to not having the specialized meat type sheep variety of oneself, so rely on Introduced From Abroad naked eyed test always, but heavily introduces often, gently breeds, repurchase, gently to utilize, its consequence be introduce that quantity is many, kind is mixed, not performance introduce a fine variety should have effect.Existing more than 4,000 ten thousand sheep in Gansu, the task of breed improvement is very big, and the requirement of meat sheep for breeding is also very big.According to preresearch estimates: if to improve in recent years the existing sheep in Gansu 30% for mutton production, so at least need 4.5-5.O ten thousand meat type stud rams.As can be seen here, the breach of my district's meat sheep for breeding is never can solve for 1 year, and its market space is very big.The kind sheep needing quantity so huge only relies on and introduces a fine variety is unpractical.Therefore must start with from introducing a fine variety, playing embryo engineering biotechnology advantage, accelerating from propagating and cultivating, realize meat sheep for breeding localized production.
Dorset Down Sheep originates in Australia and New Zealand, has precocity, a feature fast, meat performance is high of growing, and is one of main male parent improving kind sheep meat performance.Small-fat-tail sheep is the excellent mutton-wool sheep kind of China, there is the advantages such as reproduction rate is high, grow fast, crude feed tolerance, easily drylot feeding, but there is front stenothorax, rib is opened a business not, steep rump, postpartum breastfeeding difficulty, the defects such as meat performance difference, the existence of these defects directly affects the economic benefit of Small-fat-tail sheep.The present invention and a kind of fragrance nourish the raising method of lamb, application number: 201210260261.8 compare, documents carries out with female Small-fat-tail sheep and male sheep the pattern that its ewe of selection cross hybridizes with male Du Bo sheep again, breeding process does not feed any feed addictive, utilize natural resources, on meadow, forest land carries out ecology and puts in a suitable place to breed, allow sheep pasture, the cauline leaf of leaf, green onion, ginger and garlic by product, eat the Chinese herbal medicine with penetrability, fragrance, nourishing, but the kind of sheep be there is no to the change of essence, just change on the taste of meat." the practical scientific and technological information in rural area " the 04th periodical in 2007 is stepped on " the crossbreeding and improvement technology of sheep " and is disclosed conventional cross method: one is in the ewe group of grading up and A kind, the purebred ram of B kind is used, until A product breeding flock is become B kind substantially by generation.Two is that the kind that improved crossing utilizes two or more to differ from one another carries out intervarietal cross, creates new varieties, makes it inherit both sides or excellent hereditary capacity and productivity in many ways, overcomes the shortcoming falling hybrid strain, give full play to the advantage of hybridization.Improved crossing is divided into crossbreeding and improvement, traversed by fixes (natural breeding), development improves three phases.Three is that introductive crossing kind meets the requirements substantially, only in certain, has the large shortcoming of self unvanquishable physiology, or pedigree breeding method is difficult to use when improving some quality of kind.Importing kind must be consistent with being imported into variety production direction.Introductive crossing is with introducing B product stud ram and A product stud ram and F1 or F1 hybrid ram and the mating of A kind ewe, and F2 offspring is hybridized in acquisition, and to have 1/4th B kinds genetic.Introductive crossing B product are only used once by stud ram.Four is that commercial or commodity hybridization is named again in commercial crossbreeding commercial crossbreeding.Object is the multi-form hybridization utilizing two or more kinds to carry out, and hybridize offspring, to produce the products such as how better hair, meat, skin, milk, meets market demands.
The present invention take Polled Dosert sheep as male parent, be that female parent is hybridized with Small-fat-tail sheep, from biological property, artificial feeding environmental selection, raise Fruit variety, propagation technique improve, culturing feed research, fatten administrative skill, disease diagnosis prevent and treat aspect carry out essence hybridization improve, the Mutton Sheep kind selected, produce choice meat, skin product, promote the realization of Mutton Sheep industrialization.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to adopt with Polled Dosert sheep is male parent, is that female parent is hybridized, selects a kind of reproductive number many, have precocity, grow the breeding mutton sheep fast, meat performance is high, promoted the realization of Mutton Sheep industrialization with Small-fat-tail sheep.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is specific as follows:
One, the seed selection of Mutton Sheep
1, stud ram is selected: take Polled Dosert sheep as male parent, selects to cultivate ram from the ewe offspring that fertility is high.Require shape and appearance standard, stalwartness, testicualr development is good, and obviously and checked by semen quality, descendant identifies discovery such as the measure of grade and rejects undesirable ram male characteristic.
Described stud ram Polled Dosert sheep, originates in Australia and New Zealand, belongs to undercoat type mutton-wool sheep kind.It grows soon, oestruses the whole year and heat-resisting and adaptation arid climate feature.Male and female sheep is acerous, and physique is solid, short and wide, neck tubbiness, and body body is long, and chest breadth is dark, and back of the body waist is straight, and body body be drum-shaped, four limbs tubbiness, and rear quarters physically well develops, and whole body fleece is white.This kind sheep has precocity, grows fast, oestruses the whole year and heat-resisting and adapt to the features such as arid climate.Male and female sheep is all acerous, neck tubbiness. and body body is long, and chest breadth is dark, and back of the body waist is straight, and body body is drum-shaped, four limbs tubbiness, and rear quarters physically well develops, and whole body is by hair white.Heritability is strong, is one of paternal kind of development meat lamb.
2, plant ewe to select: take Small-fat-tail sheep as female parent, do not continue selection excellent individual from polyembryony ewe offspring, and note its lactation, Suckling property, also can to select and remain polyembryony ewe according to family.
Described kind ewe Small-fat-tail sheep, has precocity, polyembryony, many lambs, growth is fast, physique large, produces that meat is many, fur coat good, the advantage such as genetic stability and strong adaptability.4 monthly ages can be fattened and be delivered for sale, year the rate of animals delivered to the slaughter-house more than 400%; 6 monthly ages can be bred and are impregnated, and produced 2 tires per year, and tire produces 2 ~ 6, sometimes up to 8; The every tire of average lambing percentage reaches more than 266%, reaches more than 500% every year; Body weight 6 monthly age can reach 50 kilograms, can reach double centner during one full year of life, and adult sheep can reach 130 ~ 190 kilograms.Kind has early ripe, and early growth and development is fast, and physique is tall and big, and meat is good, and the four seasons oestrus, and fertility is strong, the characteristics such as genetic stability.This kind is the excellent maternal material that China's Development of Mutton Sheep produced or quoted that naked eyed test is cultivated in naked eyed test hybridization, is beneficial to development lamb meat and produces.
3, propagation technique controls
(1) to oestrus control: 1. lamb wean ahead of time, is conducive to implementing of 1 year two tire technology.2. HORMONE TREATMENT: first carry out early weaning to lamb, then use HORMONE TREATMENT ewe about 10 days, inject pregnant mare serum after drug withdrawal, gonadotropin (RMSG), can cause and oestrus and ovulate.3. biology stimulates: introduce ram mainly through regulating illumination cycle and mating season and tease feelings.4. vaginal sponge method: the sponge being soaked with progestational hormone is placed in mouth place of uterine cervix place, processes 10 ~ 14 days, injects pregnant mare serum gonadotrop(h)in (PMSG) 400 ~ 500IU after drug withdrawal, can start to oestrus through 30 hours, oestruses the same day and each semen deposition next day once.5. prostate hormone method: prostaglandin is poured into or intramuscular injection after the end a few days of oestrusing in uterus, can ewe be caused to oestrus in 2 ~ 3 days.
(2) superovulation: oestrus ewe and arrive first 4 days, muscle or hypodermic injection pregnant mare serum gonadotrop(h)in (PMSG) 600 ~ 1100IU, appearance is bred after oestrusing at once, and at muscle or intravenous injection human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) 500 ~ 750IU on the same day, can ovum be discharged.
(3) product twins, polyembryony is lured:
1. flushing method: carry out by the previous moon in breeding.
2. adopt twin lamb hormone or twins element: have aqua and finish two kinds, aqua goods in front 5 weeks of ewe breeding and neck hypodermic injection in 2 weeks a time 1 milliliter/; Finish goods are in breeding front 2 weeks intragluteal injections one time 2 milliliters/.
Two, Mutton Sheep raising method
1, feeding environment is selected
According to the life habit of flock of sheep and cultivation requirement, sheep hurdle will select good and aeration-drying place of physical features higher, southern slope aspect sun, draining, and building sheep hurdle 3x3 must not more than 5 ~ 7.House location should away from residential area or other breeding stocks, poultry farm, more than 5 ~ 10 kilometers.Meanwhile, will there be enough fodder grasses, source, clean water source in site.
2, the selection of culturing feed
Forage grass resource adopts the blue or green storage technology of stalk, improves availability and the nutritive value of feed; In addition single forage grass is fed and change various feed into, carry out reasonably combined to all feeds, be mixed with the daily ration of comprehensive nutrition.
Concrete raising batching is as table 1
3, the method for management is fattened
According to different geographical conditions, season and Forage Germplasm Resources, adopt corresponding fattening method.
(1) Hills that grazing management should select natural pasture, Forage Germplasm Resources enriches and the farming and pastoral area having artificial pasturage and autumn stubble pasture range to do to supplement are herded.When herbage is vigorous, Fattening Sheep herds more than 8h every day, does not generally need to mend to feed fine fodder.Feed and deliver for sale for 3 ~ 6 months.Two is herd to add feed supplement and fatten.Namely sooner or later mend on the basis of herding and feed herbage and compound, when entering withered grass season, proceed to Fattening in shed.The later strength that this method is applicable to mutton sheep is fattened.According to mutton sheep feeding standard, eat sufficient forage every day, the fine fodder that supply protein and mineral matter enrich.In general daily ration, roughage accounts for 60% ~ 70%, and fine fodder accounts for 30% ~ 40%.Allow its free choice feeding and drinking-water, to add to duty less.
(2) deliver for sale and select to grow up after sheep grows to certain body weight, growth rate slows down, then continues to fatten, and not only increases cost, also affects quality of mutton.Therefore, the adult sheep after castrating, fattening time is best in 30 ~ 40d benefit; For growth sheep, lamb fattening time was at about 6 months, and fertile body weight can reach 25--30kg, the growth of livestock reach medium on the upper side time can deliver for sale, to guarantee the desirable price of deed and carcass quality.
(3) epidemic prevention and control
In order to prevent the infection of epidemic disease, inside and outside reply sheep hurdle, certain limit and conventional facility, apparatus regularly carry out disinfection, and available quicklime, Lysol, potassium permanganate, flame etc. carry out disinfection and sterilizing.Prophylactic vaccine to be injected according to the requirement of animal doctor to sheep simultaneously, examine flock of sheep state, find that disease sheep asks veterinary treatment in time, accomplish to prevent trouble before it happens.The expelling parasite work doing sheep well improves the very important important step of sheep raising economic benefit.Sheep, in feeding process, very easily infects endoparasite and ectoparasite.Infect parasitic sheep poor growth, severe patient can cause death.Therefore, the 1 year planted agent in sheep raising family carries out 2 expelling parasites, i.e. each expelling parasite of spring and autumn 1 time.Expelling parasite should be carried out when fattening beginning to Shortdated fatten sheep.
It is male parent that beneficial effect of the present invention is that (1) is selected with Polled Dosert sheep, selects to cultivate ram from the ewe offspring that fertility is high.Take Small-fat-tail sheep as female parent, do not continue selection excellent individual from polyembryony ewe offspring, and note its lactation, Suckling property, hybridize according to family polyembryony ewe of selecting and remain, (2) the two kinds of high-quality kind sheep varieties selected, go out a kind of reproductive number through selection cross many, there is precocity, grow the breeding mutton sheep fast, meat performance is high, promoted the realization of Mutton Sheep industrialization.、
Embodiment
The present invention is described further in conjunction with Huining County, Gansu Province mutton sheep plant
The technical scheme that example 1, a kind of Mutton Sheep seed selection raising method adopt is specific as follows:
(1), the seed selection of Mutton Sheep kind
(1), stud ram is selected: take Polled Dosert sheep as male parent, select to cultivate ram from the ewe offspring that fertility is high.Require shape and appearance standard, stalwartness, testicualr development is good, and obviously and checked by semen quality, descendant identifies discovery such as the measure of grade and rejects undesirable ram male characteristic.
(2), plant ewe to select: take Small-fat-tail sheep as female parent, do not continue selection excellent individual from polyembryony ewe offspring, and note its lactation, Suckling property, can to select and remain polyembryony ewe according to family yet.
(3), propagation technique controls
A, control of oestrusing: 1. lamb wean ahead of time, is conducive to implementing of 1 year two tire technology.2. HORMONE TREATMENT: first carry out early weaning to lamb, then use HORMONE TREATMENT ewe about 10 days, inject pregnant mare serum after drug withdrawal, gonadotropin (RMSG), can cause and oestrus and ovulate.3. biology stimulates: introduce ram mainly through regulating illumination cycle and mating season and tease feelings.4. vaginal sponge method: the sponge being soaked with progestational hormone is placed in mouth place of uterine cervix place, processes 10 ~ 14 days, injects pregnant mare serum gonadotrop(h)in (PMSG) 400 ~ 500IU after drug withdrawal, can start to oestrus through 30 hours, oestruses the same day and each semen deposition next day once.5. prostate hormone method: prostaglandin is poured into or intramuscular injection after the end a few days of oestrusing in uterus, can ewe be caused to oestrus in 2 ~ 3 days.
B, superovulation: oestrus ewe and arrive first 4 days, muscle or hypodermic injection pregnant mare serum gonadotrop(h)in (PMSG) 600 ~ 1100IU, breed at once after occurring oestrusing, and at muscle or intravenous injection human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) 500 ~ 750IU on the same day, can ovum be discharged.
C, lure produce twins, polyembryony:
1. flushing method: carry out by the previous moon in breeding.
2. adopt twin lamb hormone or twins element: have aqua and finish two kinds, aqua goods in front 5 weeks of ewe breeding and neck hypodermic injection in 2 weeks a time 1 milliliter/; Finish goods are in breeding front 2 weeks intragluteal injections one time 2 milliliters/.
(2), Mutton Sheep raising method
(1), feeding environment is selected
According to the life habit of flock of sheep and cultivation requirement, sheep hurdle will select good and aeration-drying place of physical features higher, southern slope aspect sun, draining, and building sheep hurdle 3x3 must not more than 5 ~ 7.House location should away from residential area or other breeding stocks, poultry farm, more than 5 ~ 10 kilometers.Meanwhile, will there be enough fodder grasses, source, clean water source in site.
(2), the selection of culturing feed
Forage grass resource adopts the blue or green storage technology of stalk, improves availability and the nutritive value of feed; In addition single forage grass is fed and change various feed into, carry out reasonably combined to all feeds, be mixed with the daily ration of comprehensive nutrition.
Concrete raising batching is as table 1
(3) method of management, is fattened
According to different geographical conditions, season and Forage Germplasm Resources, adopt corresponding fattening method.
A, grazing management should select natural pasture, Forage Germplasm Resources enriches Hills and the farming and pastoral area having artificial pasturage and autumn stubble pasture range to do to supplement are herded.When herbage is vigorous, Fattening Sheep herds more than 8h every day, does not generally need to mend to feed fine fodder.Feed and deliver for sale for 3 ~ 6 months.Two is herd to add feed supplement and fatten.Namely sooner or later mend on the basis of herding and feed herbage and compound, when entering withered grass season, proceed to Fattening in shed.The later strength that this method is applicable to mutton sheep is fattened.According to mutton sheep feeding standard, eat sufficient forage every day, the fine fodder that supply protein and mineral matter enrich.In general daily ration, roughage accounts for 60% ~ 70%, and fine fodder accounts for 30% ~ 40%.Allow its free choice feeding and drinking-water, to add to duty less.
B, deliver for sale and select to grow up after sheep grows to certain body weight, growth rate slows down, then continues to fatten, and not only increases cost, also affects quality of mutton.Therefore, the adult sheep after castrating, fattening time is best in 30 ~ 40d benefit; For growth sheep, lamb fattening time was at about 6 months, and fertile body weight can reach 25--30kg, the growth of livestock reach medium on the upper side time can deliver for sale, to guarantee the desirable price of deed and carcass quality.
C, epidemic prevention and control
In order to prevent the infection of epidemic disease, inside and outside reply sheep hurdle, certain limit and conventional facility, apparatus regularly carry out disinfection, and available quicklime, Lysol, potassium permanganate, flame etc. carry out disinfection and sterilizing.Prophylactic vaccine to be injected according to the requirement of animal doctor to sheep simultaneously, examine flock of sheep state, find that disease sheep asks veterinary treatment in time, accomplish to prevent trouble before it happens.The expelling parasite work doing sheep well improves the very important important step of sheep raising economic benefit.Sheep, in feeding process, very easily infects endoparasite and ectoparasite.Infect parasitic sheep poor growth, severe patient can cause death.Therefore, the 1 year planted agent in sheep raising family carries out 2 expelling parasites, i.e. each expelling parasite of spring and autumn 1 time.Expelling parasite should be carried out when fattening beginning to Shortdated fatten sheep.
It is male parent that the present invention selects with Polled Dosert sheep, select to cultivate ram from the ewe offspring that fertility is high, take Small-fat-tail sheep as female parent, do not continue selection excellent individual from polyembryony ewe offspring, and note its lactation, Suckling property, hybridize according to family polyembryony ewe of selecting and remain, go out a kind of reproductive number through selection cross many, there is precocity, grow the breeding mutton sheep fast, meat performance is high, promoted the realization of Mutton Sheep industrialization.
Claims (3)
1. a Mutton Sheep selection, is characterized in that: it is male parent that stud ram is selected with Polled Dosert sheep, selects to cultivate ram from the ewe offspring that fertility is high; It is female parent that kind of ewe is selected with Small-fat-tail sheep, and do not continue selection excellent individual from polyembryony ewe offspring, to select and remain polyembryony ewe according to family; Control selection cross through propagation technique and go out breeding Mutton Sheep.
2. a kind of Mutton Sheep selection as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described propagation technique controls to comprise following key control point and method:
A, control of oestrusing:
1. lamb wean ahead of time, is conducive to implementing of 1 year two tire technology;
2. HORMONE TREATMENT: first carry out early weaning to lamb, then use HORMONE TREATMENT ewe about 10 days, inject pregnant mare serum after drug withdrawal, gonadotropin (RMSG), can cause and oestrus and ovulate;
3. biology stimulates: introduce ram mainly through regulating illumination cycle and mating season and tease feelings;
4. vaginal sponge method: the sponge being soaked with progestational hormone is placed in mouth place of uterine cervix place, processes 10 ~ 14 days, injects pregnant mare serum gonadotrop(h)in (PMSG) 400 ~ 500IU after drug withdrawal, can start to oestrus through 30 hours, oestruses the same day and each semen deposition next day once;
5. prostate hormone method: prostaglandin is poured into or intramuscular injection after the end a few days of oestrusing in uterus, can ewe be caused to oestrus in 2 ~ 3 days;
B, superovulation: oestrus ewe and arrive first 4 days, muscle or hypodermic injection pregnant mare serum gonadotrop(h)in (PMSG) 600 ~ 1100IU, breed at once after occurring oestrusing, and at muscle or intravenous injection human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) 500 ~ 750IU on the same day, can ovum be discharged;
C, lure produce twins, polyembryony:
1. flushing method: carry out by the previous moon in breeding;
2. adopt twin lamb hormone or twins element: have aqua and finish two kinds, aqua goods in front 5 weeks of ewe breeding and neck hypodermic injection in 2 weeks a time 1 milliliter/; Finish goods are in breeding front 2 weeks intragluteal injections one time 2 milliliters/.
3. a Mutton Sheep raising method, is characterized in that comprising following technical essential:
(1), feeding environment selects sheep hurdle will select good and aeration-drying place of physical features higher, southern slope aspect sun, draining, building sheep hurdle 3x3 must not more than 5 ~ 7, house location should away from residential area or other breeding stocks, poultry farm, more than 5 ~ 10 kilometers, meanwhile, will there be enough fodder grasses, source, clean water source in site;
(2), the selection forage grass resource of culturing feed adopts the blue or green storage technology of stalk, the availability of raising feed and nutritive value; In addition single forage grass is fed and change various feed into, carry out reasonably combined to all feeds, be mixed with the daily ration of comprehensive nutrition.
(3) the adult sheep, after the method castrating of fattening management, fattening time is best in 30 ~ 40d benefit; For growth sheep, lamb fattening time was at about 6 months, and fertile body weight can reach 25--30kg, the growth of livestock reach medium on the upper side time deliver for sale, to guarantee the desirable price of deed and carcass quality.
(4), epidemic prevention and control regularly carries out disinfection, and carries out disinfection with quicklime, Lysol, potassium permanganate, flame.
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| CN106106333A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-16 | 安徽省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Australia trembles with fear three generations ram and is bred as the method that the hybridization of sheep ewe produces commodity meat sheep |
| CN109601475A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-12 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | A kind of novel sheep selection |
| CN110476885A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-11-22 | 贵州宏宇畜牧技术发展有限公司 | A kind of selection of meat type sheep |
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| CN106106333A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-16 | 安徽省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Australia trembles with fear three generations ram and is bred as the method that the hybridization of sheep ewe produces commodity meat sheep |
| CN109601475A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-12 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | A kind of novel sheep selection |
| CN110476885A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-11-22 | 贵州宏宇畜牧技术发展有限公司 | A kind of selection of meat type sheep |
| CN110476885B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-09-07 | 贵州宏宇畜牧技术发展有限公司 | Breeding method of meat sheep |
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