CN105002938B - A kind of one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger and experimental technique thereof - Google Patents
A kind of one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger and experimental technique thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to pile foundation engineering research field, it is desirable to provide a kind of one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger and experimental technique thereof.This kind of one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger includes model groove, loading system, monitoring system, banket for loading and install Model Pile in the inside of model groove, loading system includes hydraulic servo actuator, computer control system, reaction frame, hydraulic jack, locating support, locating support guide rail, and monitoring system includes foil gauge and data collecting system；This cyclic load loading experimental method, is used for by Model Pile being applied horizontal whirl-sprayed pile and monitoring in real time, study model stake operating characteristic, bearing capacity reduction situation and the coverage to the periphery soil body under horizontal whirl-sprayed pile effect.The present invention can be by changing the conditions such as load amplitude, load average, cycle-index, cycle frequency thus a series of one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile such as simulated waves load, storm load, earthquake load.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is about pile foundation engineering research field, particularly to a kind of one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger and in fact
Proved recipe method.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the exploitation of ocean all the more comes into one's own, the engineering being built in ocean is increasing, such as wind lotus
The horizontal whirl-sprayed pile such as load, wave load and earthquake load are the most gradually subject to weight for the impact of building with its pile foundation
Depending on.Ocean is built suffered horizontal whirl-sprayed pile be very different with horizontal dead load, owing to cyclic load is one
Constantly repeating the process loaded, the bearing capacity of stake all can be caused the biggest impact, therefore bear water by many factors
The duty of the stake of flat cyclic load is extremely complex.
Stake is under cyclic load, and under conditions of difference, the working property of stake is also very different, adding of cyclic load
Carrier frequency rate is improved the trend of the horizontal bearing capacity of stake, and the iterative cycles of cyclic load can reduce the horizontal bearing capacity of stake.
So loading frequency and cycle-index are to affect the principal element of stake character under horizontal whirl-sprayed pile, the former advantageous effect with
The adverse effect of the latter changes along with loading frequency and the change of cycle-index, and this results in the former favourable to bearing capacity
Impact may be offset by the detrimental effect of the latter, therefore the ultimate lateral bearing capacity of stake is likely lower than the carrying of quiet Limiting Level
Power, it is also possible to higher than quiet Limiting Level bearing capacity, therefore when estimation is by horizontal whirl-sprayed pile stake ultimate lateral bearing capacity,
Need to consider loading frequency and the times influence of load circulation simultaneously.Additionally, the amplitude of cyclic load can be right as average
The horizontal bearing capacity of stake produces impact, and when the Nature comparison difference of topsoil, the disengagement phenomenon between stake soil is the most very
Being susceptible to, the dynamic response of pile foundation is also relevant with the maximum displacement of the experience of pile foundation in history.It should also be noted that by
In the nonlinear characteristic of soil, the build-in point of pile foundation is constantly moving down also with the deformation of topsoil, so that deep layer
Soil participates in work, and the scope disengaging region expands the most therewith.
But the most very limited for the research of the stake by horizontal whirl-sprayed pile, in order to ensure safety in construction, can only
Amplify safety coefficient as far as possible, thus create huge unnecessary cost.Therefore, the stake of research level load is for society
Benefit can there is great benefit with economic interests.
Summary of the invention
Present invention is primarily targeted at and overcome deficiency of the prior art, it is provided that one can be filled up at present about horizontal cyclic
Under load action, one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger and one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile that pile foundation research field is blank load
Experiment research.For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the solution of the present invention is:
Thering is provided a kind of one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger, energy (utilizing hydraulic servo actuator and reaction frame) is to being embedded in
Model Pile in banketing carries out load loading experiment, and described one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger includes model groove, loading
System, monitoring system；
Described model groove is open-topped rectangular box body structural model groove, and the bottom of model groove has discharge outlet, and row
The mouth of a river is built with filter screen；Banket for loading and install Model Pile in the inside of model groove；
Described loading system includes hydraulic servo actuator, computer control system, reaction frame, hydraulic jack, location
Support, locating support guide rail；
Described reaction frame is arranged on the top of model groove, including horizontal reacting force frame, vertical reaction frame, horizontal guide rail, vertical
Guide rail；Described horizontal guide rail is provided with two, is separately mounted to model groove and is perpendicular to two sides of correspondence of load loading direction
Top, and one end of one of them horizontal guide rail extends, for being moved outside model groove by reaction frame to model groove is outside
Thus conveniently carry out banketing and the step such as consolidation；Described vertical guide is provided with two, and one end of two vertical guide is by sliding
Block is separately mounted on the horizontal guide rail of both sides, makes vertical guide can move in the horizontal direction along horizontal guide rail；Described water
Flat reaction frame is the reaction frame of rectangle frame structure, and the minor face of horizontal reacting force frame rectangle frame is arranged on both sides by slide block respectively
In vertical guide, make horizontal reacting force frame vertically can move along vertical guide；Described vertical reaction frame is that door type is anti-
Power frame, two vertical legs of vertical reaction frame are arranged on the horizontal guide rail of both sides by slide block respectively, make vertical counter-force
Frame can move horizontally along horizontal guide rail；
Described hydraulic jack is arranged on vertical reaction frame, for Model Pile being pressed in the banketing of model groove, and Yi Jixiang
The stake top of Model Pile provides vertical load；
Described locating support guide rail is provided with two, is separately mounted on two supporting legs of two vertical reaction frames；Described location is propped up
Frame is the middle rectangular frame with a pair clamp, and the minor face of locating support rectangle frame is arranged on both sides by slide block respectively
On locating support guide rail, make the locating support can be vertically movable along the supporting leg of vertical reaction frame, in hydraulic jack pressure
When entering Model Pile, determine pushed position and guarantee the vertical of pile body；
Described hydraulic servo actuator is bolted on horizontal reacting force frame, and the end of hydraulic servo actuator is used for leading to
Cross clamp to be connected with Model Pile, by reaction frame, Model Pile can be applied horizontal loading (direction of horizontal loading and horizontal reverse
Power frame is vertical)；Meanwhile, hydraulic servo actuator can monitor and record thrust and the travel distance of its end, and feeds back to
Computer control system；
Described computer control system is connected with hydraulic servo actuator, opens pass for control hydraulic servo actuator, with
And by inputting different parameters of loadings, reach Model Pile is pressed into and Model Pile is carried out level in various degree
Load；Meanwhile, computer control system is gone forward side by side with load receiving the displacement at pile top that hydraulic servo actuator feeds back
After row record, can carry out testing the judgement of end condition；Described parameters of loading includes load amplitude, load average, frequently
Rate and the frequency.The implementation of computer control system can use the combination of hardware, software or hardware and software, this area
Prior art means can be used to realize correlation function, due to these according to function of the present invention by technical staff
Content non-invention emphasis, therefore repeat no more.
Described monitoring system includes foil gauge and data collecting system；Described foil gauge is for being pasted onto being subject to outside Model Pile
On load axis, and the wire of foil gauge is passed to data collecting system in Model Pile；Described data collecting system energy
Every reading the most automatically recording connected foil gauge, has applied for reading and recording load each time
Foil gauge readings after Biing.Here data collecting system can use existing hardware to realize, and those skilled in the art can root
According to function of the present invention, be used to realize correlation function to prior art means, due to these contents not this
Bright emphasis, therefore repeat no more.
In the present invention, the bottom surface of described model groove is steel plate, and surrounding sidewall is the lucite that outside hoop has iron bar.
In the present invention, the outside of described model groove indicates scale, and zero graduation position is arranged at the 20cm of bottom.
In the present invention, the discharge outlet of described model trench bottom has four, is opened in respectively at the corner of model trench bottom.
There is provided cyclic load loading experimental method based on described one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger, for by mould
Type stake applies horizontal whirl-sprayed pile and also monitors in real time, study model stake operating characteristic under horizontal whirl-sprayed pile effect, holds
Load power weakens situation and the coverage to the periphery soil body, and described cyclic load loading method specifically includes following step:
(1) banket and consolidate: first spread fill stratum to the bottom of model groove, fill stratum is divided into lower floor's sandy gravel stratum and upper strata
Soft Soil Layer；After lower floor's sandy gravel stratum loads compacting, top layer height is positioned at the zero graduation position outside model groove；
During filling Soft Soil Layer, often banketing 15～20cm carries out uniform compaction water filling, makes the soil body the most saturated,
Carry out next layer after standing again to banket, and after every layer of soil load, it is ensured that native upper plane is level, and is adding next
Shaving process is carried out, it is to avoid be artificially layered before layer soil；And make the upper level top less than Model Pile of final Soft Soil Layer
(Model Pile embedded depth requires to be determined according to actual tests, and in general its scope is the 5～20 of Model Pile diameter
Times)；
After fill stratum has all loaded, at the soil body surface waterproof thin film of laying to prevent water from dividing evaporation, and it is abound with preloading
Consolidate, and the degree of the consolidation that ensures to banket each time is identical, and (suggestion is banketed the consolidation identical time each time, and solid
Judge the degree of consolidation with needle penetration experiment after terminating, reach to be judged to that the degree of consolidation is identical, during consolidation during same needle in-degree
Between suggestion be one week)；And when consolidating, by fully open for the discharge outlet of model trench bottom with uniform draining；
(2) preparation of Model Pile: paste foil gauge at Model Pile outer surface, be then coated with one layer of ring in the outside of foil gauge
Epoxy resins is protected by, and is passed in Model Pile by the wire of foil gauge；One cone is being installed at the bottom of the stake of Model Pile
Pullover, for convenient, Model Pile is pressed in soil, and protects Model Pile inner lead；
(3) hydraulic jack is used, Model Pile is pressed in the fill stratum of model groove (process of press in should slowly be carried out,
Prevent from the soil body is produced excessive disturbance), and pushed position on the centrage of horizontal guide rail glide direction, and should guarantee
Model Pile is vertical；
(4) by hydraulic servo actuator Alignment model stake, and utilize clamp to be connected with Model Pile, control system to computer
System input parameters of loading, starts to perform horizontal whirl-sprayed pile and loads；Concurrently set hydraulic servo actuator feedback data frequency,
The data acquiring frequency of data collecting system, after recording cyclic load applying each time, the stake top of Model Pile adds up water
Prosposition moves the reading with foil gauge；
(5) terminate when a period of time reaching following condition tests:
Condition A: accumulative horizontal displacement exceedes setting value (according to different experiments different value to be asked for), pile body generation unstability
Destroy；
Condition B: loaded the cyclic load number of times set when experiment starts；
(6) after experiment terminates, recovery models groove and experiment soil, and carry out data process.
In the present invention, described Model Pile uses steel pipe or aluminum pipe；And if Model Pile is for simulation study Practical Project, mould
Diameter and the wall thickness of type stake obtain (suggestion uses steel pipe) according to Practical Project scaled down.
In the present invention, before described cyclic load loading experiment starts, the distance at hydraulic jack apex distance model groove top is more than
The length of Model Pile.
In the present invention, in described step (1), select business Kaolin or construction for filling the weak soil of Soft Soil Layer
The weak soil that scene takes, if the weak soil using job site to take, carries out the detection of the physico-mechanical properties of the soil body before the experiments.
In the present invention, in described step (2), a pair foil gauge is arranged in each pile body horizontal cross-section of Model Pile,
And determine foil gauge quantity according to the embedded depth of Model Pile, specifically refer to: ten times of Model Pile below Soft Soil Layer upper surface
Stake footpath within, the spacing being disposed adjacent the foil gauge on pile body horizontal cross-section is not more than the stake footpath of Model Pile；At weak soil
More than the stake footpath of ten times of Model Pile below layer upper surface, the spacing of the foil gauge being arranged on adjacent pile body horizontal cross-section, greatly
In a upper adjacent spacing.
In the present invention, in described step (4), clamp is arc with the contact surface of Model Pile.
The operation principle of the present invention: during experiment, experimental subject is carried out scaled down thus make Model Pile, utilizes and loads
System applies the cyclic loads such as simulation storm load, wave load to Model Pile, records foil gauge reading, draws position, stake top
Move pathway figure, thus research is by the working condition of one-dimensional horizontal cyclic load Single Pile.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention can the working condition under varying level cyclic load of the observing and nursing stake intuitively, also can pass through data
Acquisition system obtains accurate data in order to research further.
2, the present invention can simulate by changing the conditions such as load amplitude, load average, cycle-index, cycle frequency
A series of one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile such as wave load, storm load, earthquake load.
3, the present invention is except applying experimental subject in addition to cyclic load, can be banketed kind, the degree of consolidation by change simultaneously
Etc. condition, Model Pile is applied horizontal dead load and vertical dead load, thus carries out the different soil conditions Single Pile limit and hold
The research of load power.
4, present configuration is simple, be prone to left-hand seat, modeling material and repeatable utilization of banketing, do not result in waste with
Pollute, and can automatically record data, reduce the required staff of experiment, the error produced when simultaneously reducing artificial reading.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view that the present invention does not includes vertical loading system.
Fig. 2 is the front view that the present invention does not includes horizontal addload system and Model Pile.
Fig. 3 is the top view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the side view that the present invention does not includes loading system and Model Pile.
Fig. 5 is the connection detail of Model Pile and clamp.
Reference in figure is: 1 model groove；2 sandy gravel stratums；3 Soft Soil Layers；4 discharge outlet；5 hydraulic servo actuators；
6 horizontal reacting force framves；7 horizontal guide rails；8 clamps；9 foil gauges；10 Model Pile；11 hydraulic jack；12 is vertical anti-
Power frame；13 locating supports；14 vertical guide；15 locating support guide rails；16 data collecting systems；17 computers control
System.
Detailed description of the invention
With detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
One one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4 includes model groove 1, adds
Loading system, monitoring system.By loading system, the Model Pile 10 as experimental subject is applied simulation storm load, ripple
The cyclic loads such as wave load, record foil gauge 9 reading, draw displacement at pile top pathway figure, thus research is followed by one-dimensional level
The working condition of ring load action Single Pile, additionally, this device can also apply horizontal dead load with perpendicular to Model Pile 10
Straight dead load thus carry out the research of ultimate bearing capacity of single pile.This device can be transported in the research of pile foundation engineering widely
With, and it being prone to left-hand seat, experimental result is directly perceived.
Model groove 1 is open-topped rectangular box body structural model groove 1, and the bottom surface of model groove 1 is steel plate, surrounding
Sidewall is the lucite that outside hoop has iron bar, for increasing the bearing capacity of model groove 1；The outside of model groove 1 indicates
Scale, the determination of the depth of fill during banketing during to facilitate Preparatory work of experiment, and zero graduation position are arranged on away from bottom 20cm
Place.The bottom of model groove 1 has four discharge outlet 4, is opened in respectively at the corner bottom model groove 1, and discharge outlet 4
Built with filter screen, during to prevent draining, water drives the soil body to be flowed out by discharge outlet 4.The inside of model groove 1 is filled out for loading
Soil and installing Model Pile 10.
Loading system includes hydraulic servo actuator 5, computer control system 17, reaction frame, hydraulic jack 11, determines
Position support 13, locating support guide rail 15.
Described reaction frame is arranged on the top of model groove 1, including horizontal reacting force frame 6, vertical reaction frame 12, horizontal guide rail
7, vertical guide 14.Described horizontal guide rail 7 is provided with two, is separately mounted to model groove 1 and is perpendicular to load loading direction
The top of two sides of correspondence, and one end of one of them horizontal guide rail 7 extends to model groove 1 is outside, for will be anti-
Power frame moves to model groove 1 outer thus conveniently carry out banketing and the step such as consolidation.Described vertical guide 14 is provided with two,
One end of two vertical guide 14 is separately mounted on the horizontal guide rail 7 of both sides by slide block, makes vertical guide 14 energy edge
Horizontal guide rail 7 to move in the horizontal direction.Described horizontal reacting force frame 6 is the reaction frame of rectangle frame structure, horizontal reacting force frame
The minor face of 6 rectangle frames is arranged in the vertical guide 14 of both sides by slide block respectively, makes the horizontal reacting force frame 6 can be along vertically
Guide rail 14 vertically moves, and to facilitate change load(ing) point height, also can be conveniently that the Model Pile 10 of diverse location loads.
Described vertical reaction frame 12 is door type reaction frame, and two vertical legs of vertical reaction frame 12 are installed by slide block respectively
On the horizontal guide rail 7 of both sides, make vertical reaction frame 12 can move horizontally along horizontal guide rail 7.
Described hydraulic jack 11 is arranged on vertical reaction frame 12, for Model Pile 10 is pressed into filling out of model groove 1
In soil, and provide vertical load to the stake top of Model Pile 10, by vertical reaction frame 12, make hydraulic jack 11
Can move horizontally along the vertical direction that horizontal loading loads, and hydraulic jack 11 is away from model groove 1 highest point distance
Should be greater than Model Pile 10 length.
Described locating support guide rail 15 is provided with two, is separately mounted on two supporting legs of two vertical reaction frames 12.Described
Locating support 13 is the middle rectangular frame with a pair clamp 8, and the minor face of locating support 13 rectangle frame is respectively by sliding
Block is arranged on the locating support guide rail 15 of both sides, makes the locating support 13 can be vertical along the supporting leg of vertical reaction frame 12
Mobile, for when hydraulic jack 11 is pressed into Model Pile 10, determines pushed position and guarantee the vertical of pile body.
Described hydraulic servo actuator 5 is bolted on horizontal reacting force frame 6, the end of hydraulic servo actuator 5
For being connected with Model Pile 10 by clamp 8, by reaction frame, Model Pile 10 can be applied horizontal loading, and horizontal lotus
The direction carried is vertical with horizontal reacting force frame 6.Meanwhile, hydraulic servo actuator 5 can monitor and record the thrust of its end with
Travel distance, and feed back to computer control system 17.
Described computer control system 17 is connected with hydraulic servo actuator 5, for controlling hydraulic servo actuator 5
Qi Guan, and by inputting different parameters of loadings, reach the press-in for Model Pile 10 and carry out with to Model Pile 10
Horizontal addload in various degree.Parameters of loading includes load amplitude, load average, frequency and the frequency.Meanwhile, computer
Control system 17 after receiving displacement at pile top that hydraulic servo actuator 5 feeds back and load and recording,
Can carry out testing the judgement of end condition.
Monitoring system includes foil gauge 9 and data collecting system 16.Described foil gauge 9 is used for being pasted onto outside Model Pile 10
Side by load axis, and the wire of foil gauge 9 is passed to data collecting system 16 in Model Pile 10.Described
Data collecting system 16 can record the reading of connected foil gauge 9 the most automatically, for read and
Record foil gauge 9 readings after load applies each time.
Based on above-mentioned one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger, utilize schematic diagram that one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile loading experiment is ground
The method of studying carefully is described in detail, and for convenience of description, represents that the schematic diagram of apparatus structure can be disobeyed general ratio and be made locally to put
Greatly, should be in this, as limitation of the invention, additionally, in actual making, length, width and height should be comprised
Three-dimensional space.
This cyclic load loading experimental method, based on one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger, can apply water to Model Pile 10
Flat cyclic load, by adjust load amplitude, load average, frequency and the frequency with simulation storm load, wave load,
Horizontal whirl-sprayed pile under the practical situations such as earthquake load；And Model Pile 10 is monitored in real time, to study it at water
Operating characteristic, bearing capacity under flat cyclic load weaken situation and the coverage to the periphery soil body.Specifically include down
State step:
(1) banket and consolidate.A height of 2 × 2 × 1.5m of model groove 1 length and width in the present embodiment, is thick bottom model groove 1
Steel plate, sidewall is lucite, and uses iron bar banding, for increasing the bearing capacity of model groove 1.Model groove 1 top
Do not set lid, outside model groove 1, indicate scale, the determination of the depth of fill during banketing during to facilitate Preparatory work of experiment, zero quarter
Degree position is at backplate surface 20cm.Weak soil selects business Kaolin.First bottom model groove 1, spread one layer of gravel
Layer 2, thickness is 20cm, and upper strata Soft Soil Layer 3 thickness is 1.2m.Divide during filling weak soil and fill for 8 times, the most often fill out
Soil 15cm carries out uniform compaction water filling, makes the soil body the most saturated, carries out next layer again and banket after standing a period of time.
After every layer of soil has loaded, it is desirable to the upper plane of soil is level, adds shaving before next layer of soil, in order to avoid being artificially layered, entirely
After portion has loaded, soil body surface lays waterproof thin film to prevent water from dividing evaporation, and is abound with preloading and consolidates, consolidation
Time is one week, judges consolidation situation by penetrometer.Four drainings bottom by model groove 1 are needed when consolidating
Mouth 4 is fully open with uniform draining.
(2) preparation of Model Pile 10.Model Pile 10 uses steel pipe or aluminum pipe；If Model Pile 10 is real for simulation study
Border engineering, diameter and the wall thickness of Model Pile 10 obtain according to Practical Project scaled down, and suggestion uses steel pipe；If
There is no Practical Project as reference, then diameter and wall thickness should excessive or too small, excessive, need higher load level with
Bigger model groove 1, too small, foil gauge 9 should not be pasted, easily cause error.
Pasting foil gauge 9 at Model Pile 10 outer surface, Model Pile 10 arranges a pair strain on each pile body horizontal cross-section
Sheet 9, and determine foil gauge 9 quantity according to the embedded depth of Model Pile 10, specifically refers to: Soft Soil Layer 3 upper surface with
Within the stake footpath of lower ten times of Model Pile 10, the spacing of the foil gauge 9 being disposed adjacent on pile body horizontal cross-section is not more than mould
The stake footpath of type stake 10；More than the stake footpath of ten times of Model Pile 10 below Soft Soil Layer 3 upper surface, it is arranged on adjacent pile body water
The spacing of the foil gauge 9 on plane section is gradually increased.Finally it is coated with one layer of epoxy resin to be protected by the outside of foil gauge 9,
And the wire of foil gauge 9 is passed in Model Pile 10.
Installing at the bottom of the stake of Model Pile 10, a cone is pullover, Model Pile 10 is pressed in soil for convenient, and protects
Model Pile 10 inner lead.Before cyclic load loading experiment starts, the hydraulic jack 11 distance away from model groove 1 top
Length more than Model Pile 10.
10 long 1.5m of Model Pile in the present embodiment, embedded depth is 1m, when pasting foil gauge 9, in soil body surface
Arrange a pair foil gauge 9 every 8cm in following 40cm, arrange a pair every 10cm at 40-70cm, 70-100cm
Place arranges a pair every 15cm, need to arrange 11 altogether to (22) foil gauge 9.
(3) use hydraulic jack 11, Model Pile 10 be pressed into the precalculated position of model groove 1, it should be noted that
Process of press in should slowly be carried out, and prevents from the soil body is produced excessive disturbance, and guarantees that Model Pile 10 is vertical.The present embodiment
In, owing to Model Pile 10 is the least to horizontal loading vertical direction soil body coverage, be therefore arranged side by side 4 models
Stake 10 is tested successively, bankets and consolidation time to save, and improves efficiency.
(4) by horizontal reacting force frame guide rail 7 by hydraulic servo actuator 5 Alignment model stake 10, and utilize clamp 8 with
Model Pile 10 is connected, for making load level, clamp 8 also can be kept to contact with Model Pile 10 after pile body bending tilts
Face is arc, refers to shown in Fig. 4.Input parameters of loading to computer control system 17, start to perform horizontal cyclic
Load loads；Concurrently setting controlled quentity controlled variable feedback system, the data acquiring frequency of data collecting system 16, record is each time
After cyclic load applies, the stake top of Model Pile 10 adds up the reading of horizontal displacement and foil gauge 9.
(5) terminate when a period of time reaching following condition tests:
Condition A: accumulative horizontal displacement exceedes setting value, pile body generation unstable failure；Here setting value is real according to difference
Test different value to be asked for；
Condition B: loaded the cyclic load number of times set when experiment starts.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment, after a pile reaches to test one of termination condition, pass through horizontal reacting force
Frame guide rail 7 is by next root Model Pile 10 of horizontal addload system alignment, until all Model Pile 10 have loaded.
(6) after experiment terminates, recovery models groove 1 and experiment soil, and carry out data process.
It is only the specific embodiment of the present invention finally it should be noted that listed above.It is clear that the invention is not restricted to
Above example, it is also possible to have many variations.Those of ordinary skill in the art can from present disclosure directly
The all deformation derived or associate, are all considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger, can carry out load loading experiment to the Model Pile being embedded in banketing,
It is characterized in that, described one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger includes model groove, loading system, monitoring system；
Described model groove is open-topped rectangular box body structural model groove, and the bottom of model groove has discharge outlet, and row
The mouth of a river is built with filter screen；Banket for loading and install Model Pile in the inside of model groove；
Described loading system includes hydraulic servo actuator, computer control system, reaction frame, hydraulic jack, location
Support, locating support guide rail；
Described reaction frame is arranged on the top of model groove, including horizontal reacting force frame, vertical reaction frame, horizontal guide rail, vertical
Guide rail；Described horizontal guide rail is provided with two, is separately mounted to model groove and is perpendicular to two sides of correspondence of load loading direction
Top, and one end of one of them horizontal guide rail extends, for being moved outside model groove by reaction frame to model groove is outside
Thus conveniently carry out banketing and consolidation step；Described vertical guide is provided with two, and slide block is passed through in one end of two vertical guide
It is separately mounted on the horizontal guide rail of both sides, makes vertical guide can move in the horizontal direction along horizontal guide rail；Described level
Reaction frame is the reaction frame of rectangle frame structure, and the minor face of horizontal reacting force frame rectangle frame is arranged on the perpendicular of both sides by slide block respectively
On direction guiding rail, make horizontal reacting force frame vertically can move along vertical guide；Described vertical reaction frame is door type counter-force
Frame, two vertical legs of vertical reaction frame are arranged on the horizontal guide rail of both sides by slide block respectively, make vertical reaction frame
Can move horizontally along horizontal guide rail；
Described hydraulic jack is arranged on vertical reaction frame, for Model Pile being pressed in the banketing of model groove, and Yi Jixiang
The stake top of Model Pile provides vertical load；
Described locating support guide rail is provided with two, is separately mounted on two supporting legs of two vertical reaction frames；Described location is propped up
Frame is the middle rectangular frame with a pair clamp, and the minor face of locating support rectangle frame is arranged on both sides by slide block respectively
On locating support guide rail, make the locating support can be vertically movable along the supporting leg of vertical reaction frame, in hydraulic jack pressure
When entering Model Pile, determine pushed position and guarantee the vertical of pile body；
Described hydraulic servo actuator is bolted on horizontal reacting force frame, and the end of hydraulic servo actuator is used for leading to
Cross clamp to be connected with Model Pile, by reaction frame, Model Pile can be applied horizontal loading；Meanwhile, hydraulic servo actuator energy
Monitor and record thrust and the travel distance of its end, and feed back to computer control system；
Described computer control system is connected with hydraulic servo actuator, opens pass for control hydraulic servo actuator, with
And by inputting different parameters of loadings, reach Model Pile is pressed into and Model Pile is carried out level in various degree
Load；Meanwhile, computer control system is gone forward side by side with load receiving the displacement at pile top that hydraulic servo actuator feeds back
After row record, can carry out testing the judgement of end condition；Described parameters of loading includes load amplitude, load average, frequently
Rate and the frequency；
Described monitoring system includes foil gauge and data collecting system；Described foil gauge is for being pasted onto being subject to outside Model Pile
On load axis, and the wire of foil gauge is passed to data collecting system in Model Pile；Described data collecting system energy
Every reading the most automatically recording connected foil gauge, has applied for reading and recording load each time
Foil gauge readings after Biing.
One the most according to claim 1 one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger, it is characterised in that described mould
The bottom surface of type groove is steel plate, and surrounding sidewall is the lucite that outside hoop has iron bar.
One the most according to claim 1 one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger, it is characterised in that described mould
The outside of type groove indicates scale, and zero graduation position is arranged at the 20cm of bottom.
One the most according to claim 1 one-dimensional horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger, it is characterised in that described mould
The discharge outlet of type trench bottom has four, is opened in respectively at the corner of model trench bottom.
5. cyclic load loading experimental method based on horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger one-dimensional described in claim 1, uses
In by Model Pile being applied horizontal whirl-sprayed pile and monitoring in real time, study model stake work under horizontal whirl-sprayed pile effect
Make characteristic, bearing capacity weakens situation and the coverage to the periphery soil body, it is characterised in that described cyclic load loading side
Method specifically includes following step:
(1) banket and consolidate: first spread fill stratum to the bottom of model groove, fill stratum is divided into lower floor's sandy gravel stratum and upper strata
Soft Soil Layer；After lower floor's sandy gravel stratum loads compacting, top layer height is positioned at the zero graduation position outside model groove；
During filling Soft Soil Layer, often banketing 15～20cm carries out uniform compaction water filling, makes the soil body the most saturated,
Carry out next layer after standing again to banket, and after every layer of soil load, it is ensured that native upper plane is level, and is adding next
Shaving process is carried out, it is to avoid be artificially layered before layer soil；And make the upper level top less than Model Pile of final Soft Soil Layer；
After fill stratum has all loaded, at the soil body surface waterproof thin film of laying to prevent water from dividing evaporation, and it is abound with preloading
Consolidate, and ensure each time banket consolidation degree identical；And when consolidating, by the discharge outlet of model trench bottom
Fully open with uniform draining；
(2) preparation of Model Pile: paste foil gauge at Model Pile outer surface, be then coated with one layer of ring in the outside of foil gauge
Epoxy resins is protected by, and is passed in Model Pile by the wire of foil gauge；One cone is being installed at the bottom of the stake of Model Pile
Pullover, for convenient, Model Pile is pressed in soil, and protects Model Pile inner lead；
(3) use hydraulic jack, Model Pile is pressed in the fill stratum of model groove, and pushed position should be led in level
On the centrage of rail glide direction, and guarantee that Model Pile is vertical；
(4) by hydraulic servo actuator Alignment model stake, and utilize clamp to be connected with Model Pile, control system to computer
System input parameters of loading, starts to perform horizontal whirl-sprayed pile and loads；Concurrently set hydraulic servo actuator feedback data frequency,
The data acquiring frequency of data collecting system, after recording cyclic load applying each time, the stake top of Model Pile adds up water
Prosposition moves the reading with foil gauge；
(5) terminate when a period of time reaching following condition tests:
Condition A: accumulative horizontal displacement exceedes setting value, pile body generation unstable failure；
Condition B: loaded the cyclic load number of times set when experiment starts；
(6) after experiment terminates, recovery models groove and experiment soil, and carry out data process.
Cyclic load loading experimental method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described Model Pile uses
Steel pipe or aluminum pipe；And if Model Pile is for simulation study Practical Project, the diameter of Model Pile and wall thickness are according to Practical Project etc.
Scale smaller obtains.
Cyclic load loading experimental method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described cyclic load adds
Before load experiment starts, the distance at hydraulic jack apex distance model groove top is more than the length of Model Pile.
Cyclic load loading experimental method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in described step (1),
For filling the weak soil that the weak soil of Soft Soil Layer selects business Kaolin or job site to take, if use that job site takes is soft
Soil, carries out the detection of the physico-mechanical properties of the soil body before the experiments.
Cyclic load loading experimental method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in described step (2),
A pair foil gauge is arranged in each pile body horizontal cross-section of Model Pile, and determines foil gauge according to the embedded depth of Model Pile
Quantity, specifically refers to: below Soft Soil Layer upper surface within the stake footpath of ten times of Model Pile, is disposed adjacent and cuts in pile body level
The spacing of the foil gauge on face is not more than the stake footpath of Model Pile；More than the stake of ten times of Model Pile below Soft Soil Layer upper surface
Footpath, the spacing of the foil gauge being arranged on adjacent pile body horizontal cross-section, more than a upper adjacent spacing.
Cyclic load loading experimental method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described step (4)
In, clamp is arc with the contact surface of Model Pile.
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| CN103953074B (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2016-04-20 | 青岛理工大学 | Open tubular pile hammering injection simulation experiment device and experiment method |
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