CN107227759B - transparent soil model test device for simulating lateral movement of soil body and test method thereof - Google Patents
transparent soil model test device for simulating lateral movement of soil body and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107227759B CN107227759B CN201710361194.1A CN201710361194A CN107227759B CN 107227759 B CN107227759 B CN 107227759B CN 201710361194 A CN201710361194 A CN 201710361194A CN 107227759 B CN107227759 B CN 107227759B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
Abstract
The invention provides a transparent soil model test device for simulating lateral movement of a soil body and a test method thereof, wherein the device comprises a transparent model box capable of being fixed on an optical platform, a T-shaped block and a loading block, the transparent model box is integrally rectangular box bodies, a rectangular notch is formed in the peripheral wall of the side of the rectangular box body, the T-shaped block is embedded and seated on the notch side of the transparent model box, an oil pressure jack, two industrial cameras and two laser transmitters are arranged outside the transparent model box, during the test, a test model pile is embedded in the transparent soil, the loading block is propped against a web plate part by the oil pressure jack, the oil pressure jack carries out displacement on the loading block in a grading manner, the two laser transmitters emit laser, two transparent soil speckle fields are formed in the transparent soil, the industrial cameras record the change of the transparent soil speckle fields, the test method of the device comprises the steps of molding, preparing the transparent soil, grading loading and the like, the size of the device is small, the system is reasonable, and the test operation is convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering visual tests, in particular to a test device and a test method for transparent soil models simulating lateral movement of soil bodies.
Background
With the large-scale development of national construction, a large number of high-rise buildings, bridges and ports are continuously emerged, the encryption of high-speed railways and road networks, the development of urban subway construction, coastal region reclamation and large-area backfilling are carried out, the application of passive piles is times, and the method has very important practical significance for the research of the stress and deformation characteristics of the passive piles under the condition of horizontal lateral movement.
The traditional analysis method of the passive pile comprises a theoretical analysis method, a model test method and the like, which are based on an assumed pile-soil relative displacement curve and a pile side soil pressure-pile soil relative displacement curve, and the interaction mechanism of the pile and the soil is not disclosed enough. Therefore, the reasonable determination of the forming conditions of the pile-soil relative displacement curve, the pile-side soil pressure-relative displacement curve, the soil arch effect and the blocking effect of the passive piles is the key for accurately analyzing the stress and deformation of the passive piles and carrying out the optimization design of the pile group structure.
In the prior art, a model test device for simulating lateral movement of a soil body can simulate displacement loads of different shapes, analyze the change of bearing characteristics of a pile body and the displacement mode of the soil body acting on the surface of the pile body, but cannot measure the development change of the soil body around the pile in the loading process of a passive pile, and has low visualization degree of pile-soil interaction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a transparent soil model test device and a transparent soil model test method for simulating soil body lateral movement, which aim to solve the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the aim of the invention is that the transparent soil model test devices for simulating the lateral movement of the soil body comprise a transparent model box which can be fixed on an optical platform, a T-shaped block and a loading block.
The transparent model box is an rectangular box body, and the side peripheral wall of the rectangular box body is provided with a rectangular notch.
The T-block includes a flange portion and a web portion. The T-shaped block is formed by stacking and combining a plurality of T-shaped sheet plates. The T-shaped block is embedded at the side of the gap of the transparent model box. The flange part is positioned in the inner cavity of the transparent model box. The web portion extends from the rectangular notch. And the butt joint edges of the T-shaped block and the transparent model box are closed. The flange part and the transparent model box enclose a semi-enclosed space S.
The semi-enclosed space S is internally provided with a transparent film bag. The transparent film bag is tightly attached to the side wall of the semi-enclosed space S. And transparent soil simulating the soil body around the pile is arranged in the transparent film bag.
And an oil jack, two industrial cameras and two laser transmitters are arranged outside the transparent model box. The oil jack is positioned at the gap side of the transparent model box. The two industrial cameras are arranged on the opposite side of the rectangular gap and above the transparent model box. The two laser transmitters are arranged on two sides adjacent to the notch side.
During testing, the transparent soil is embedded with test model piles. The loading block is pressed against the web part by an oil jack. The oil jack applies displacement to the loading block in stages. The two laser transmitters emit laser to form two transparent soil speckle fields in the transparent soil. The industrial camera records changes in the transparent soil speckle field.
And , the transparent mold box is made of organic glass.
, fixing the jack, camera and laser emitter on the support, adjusting the height and angle of the support, setting screw holes on the optical platform, fixing the support on the optical platform by screws.
The invention also discloses test methods related to the test device, which comprises the following steps:
1) and manufacturing the transparent model box, the T-shaped sheet plate and the loading block according to the designed size.
2) And stacking the T-shaped sheet plates at the notch of the transparent model box to form a T-shaped block.
3) The transparent film bag is placed into the semi-enclosed space S.
4) Transparent soil is prepared in the transparent film bag to the designed height. And embedding the model pile at a design position in the preparation process. Standing for 24 hours after the preparation is finished.
5) Hydraulic jacks, industrial cameras and laser transmitters are arranged and adjusted.
6) The oil jack applies displacement to the loading block in stages. And after the ith-level displacement is applied, shooting by using an industrial camera after the speckle field in the transparent soil is stable. And adjusting the horizontal position and the height of the laser emitter to obtain transparent soil section images at different positions under the ith-level displacement. Until each stage of displacement application is completed.
7) And (5) storing the picture, closing the laser emitter and arranging the test equipment.
8) And (4) processing the test image by using a PIV technology to obtain a displacement vector diagram of each section of the transparent soil around the pile.
Step , after step 1), there is an associated step of scrubbing the transparent mold box side walls.
The technical effects of the invention are undoubted:
A) the visual measurement of the deformation of the soil around the pile is realized, and the non-plug-in measurement can be performed on the development change of the soil displacement field around the pile in the loading process of the passive pile;
B) the true three-dimensional displacement field of the deformation of the soil around the pile can be obtained by measuring the displacement field of the soil with multiple sections;
C) the influence of factors such as pile spacing, slenderness ratio, arrangement, pile position, pile-soil rigidity ratio and the like on the soil arch effect and the blocking effect can be researched, and a scientific basis is provided for optimizing practical engineering problems such as passive pile structure design, internal force calculation and the like;
D) the testing device has small size, reasonable system setting and convenient test operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a transparent mold box;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a transparent mold box and T-block;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the test apparatus;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a laser during an experiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a T-shaped sheet structure.
In the figure: the semi-enclosed space S, the transparent model box 1, the rectangular notch 101, the transparent soil 2, the T-shaped block 3, the flange part 301, the web part 302, the loading block 4, the transparent film bag 5, the hydraulic jack 6, the industrial camera 7, the laser emitter 8 and the optical platform 9.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the subject matter of the present invention is limited to the examples described below.
Example 1:
the embodiment discloses transparent soil model test devices for simulating soil body side movement, which comprise a transparent model box 1, a T-shaped block 3 and a loading block 4, wherein the transparent model box can be fixed on an optical platform 9.
Referring to fig. 1, the transparent model box 1 is an overall rectangular box body with an open upper end and a hollow interior, the side peripheral wall of the rectangular box body is provided with a rectangular notch 101, and the transparent model box 1 is made of organic glass.
Referring to fig. 5 and 2, the cross section of the T-shaped block 3 is T-shaped. The T-block 3 includes rectangular parallelepiped flange portions 301 and rectangular parallelepiped web portions 302 perpendicular to each other. The T-shaped block 3 is formed by stacking and combining a plurality of T-shaped sheet plates. The T-shaped block 3 is embedded at the notch side of the transparent model box 1. Said flange part 301 is located in the inner cavity of the transparent mold box 1. The web portion 302 extends from the rectangular notch 101. The T-shaped block 3 and the transparent model box 1 are closed at the involutive edge. The flange part 301 and the transparent mold box 1 enclose a semi-enclosed space S. The top surface of the T-shaped block 3 is flush with the upper edge of the transparent model box 1.
Referring to fig. 4, the semi-enclosed space S has a transparent film bag 5 therein. The size of the transparent film bag 5 is matched with that of the semi-enclosed space S. The transparent film bag 5 is tightly attached to the side wall of the semi-enclosed space S, and no folds are generated. And transparent soil 2 simulating the soil body around the pile is arranged in the transparent film bag 5.
Referring to fig. 3, an oil jack 6, two industrial cameras 7 and two laser transmitters 8 are arranged outside the transparent model box 1. The oil jack 6 is positioned at the notch side of the transparent model box 1. The two industrial cameras 7 are arranged opposite the rectangular opening 101 and above the transparent mold box 1. The two laser transmitters 8 are arranged on both sides adjacent to the notch side. The oil jack 6, the industrial camera 7 and the laser emitter 8 are fixed on the support. The height and the angle of the bracket can be adjusted. And a reserved screw hole is formed in the optical platform 9. The bracket is fixed to the optical platform 9 by screws.
During testing, the transparent soil 2 is embedded with a test model pile. The loading mass 4 is held against the web 302 by hydraulic jacks 6. The oil jack 6 applies displacement to the loading block 4 in stages. The loading block 4 transfers the displacement with different shapes to the T-shaped sheet plate of the T-shaped block 3, and the T-shaped sheet plate transfers the displacement shape to the transparent soil 2. The two laser transmitters 8 emit laser to irradiate the transparent model box 1 to form laser sections of a vertical plane and a horizontal plane, and two transparent soil speckle fields in orthogonal directions are formed in the transparent soil 2. The shooting direction of the industrial camera 7 is perpendicular to the laser plane, and changes of the transparent soil speckle field are recorded.
It is worth to say that the T-shaped block 3 is formed by stacking and combining a plurality of T-shaped sheet plates, different displacement curves can be transmitted to the transparent soil body, displacement loads of different shapes can be simulated, and the deep and visual understanding of a pile-soil interaction mechanism can be facilitated. After the transparent soil is deformed stably, an industrial camera is used for shooting a laser plane, a real three-dimensional displacement field of the deformation of the soil body around the pile is obtained through analysis, and the visual measurement of the deformation of the soil body around the pile can be realized.
Example 2:
this example discloses test methods related to the test device described above, including the steps of:
1) manufacturing a transparent model box 1, a T-shaped sheet plate and a loading block 4 according to the designed size, and scrubbing the side wall of the transparent model box 1.
2) T-shaped sheet plates are stacked at the notch of the transparent mold box 1 to form a T-shaped block 3.
3) The transparent film pouch 5 is placed into the semi-enclosed space S.
4) The method comprises the steps of preparing transparent soil 2 in a transparent film bag 5 to a designed height, burying a model pile at a designed position in the preparation process, and standing for 24 hours after the preparation is finished, wherein the preparation method of the transparent soil 2 comprises the steps of pouring prepared mixed liquid of white oil and n-dodecane into the transparent film bag 5, enabling the transparent film bag 5 to be tightly attached to the side wall of a semi-enclosed space S without wrinkles, then spreading fused quartz sand solid particles with the particle size of 0.1-0.5 mm, spreading the fused quartz sand particles layer by layer, enabling the thickness of each layer to be 30mm, slowing down the spreading process, stirring the transparent soil after layers are spread, leading out bubbles mixed in the transparent soil, and preventing the bubbles from influencing the refractive index of the transparent soil until the liquid level of the transparent soil is 30mm away from the upper edge of a transparent model box 1.
5) The position of the jack 6 is arranged and adjusted according to the size and shape of the loading block 4. And arranging the laser transmitters 8, so that the two laser transmitters 8 transmit laser to irradiate the transparent model box 1 to form laser sections of a vertical plane and a horizontal plane, and forming two transparent soil speckle fields in the orthogonal directions in the transparent soil 2. And arranging and combining the industrial camera 7, so that the shooting direction of the industrial camera 7 is vertical to the laser plane, and an optimal visual angle is obtained.
6) In the embodiment, all displacement is applied in five stages, each stage is applied for 2mm, the displacement application process is slowly carried out until a design displacement value is reached, after the application of every stages of displacement in the five stages of displacement is completed, after the deformation of the transparent soil 2 is stable and a speckle field in the transparent soil 2 is stable, an industrial camera 7 is used for photographing, on the premise of ensuring that the positions of the two laser transmitters are perpendicular to different surfaces, the position of the laser transmitter 8 is adjusted to obtain speckle images of different positions in the soil body of the transparent soil 2 under the stage of displacement until the application of each stage of displacement is completed.
7) After the test is finished, the picture is stored, the laser emitter 8 is closed, and the test equipment is arranged.
8) And processing the test image by using a PIV technology to obtain a displacement vector diagram of each section of the transparent soil 2 around the pile, thereby obtaining a three-dimensional displacement field of the soil around the pile under specific variables such as pile spacing, slenderness ratio, arrangement, pile position, pile soil rigidity ratio and the like.
Claims (5)
- The transparent soil model test device for simulating lateral movement of a soil body is 1, , and is characterized by comprising a transparent model box (1) which can be fixed on an optical platform (9), a T-shaped block (3) and a loading block (4);the transparent model box (1) is an rectangular box body as a whole, and a rectangular notch (101) is arranged on the peripheral wall of side of the rectangular box body;the T-shaped block (3) comprises a rectangular wing edge part (301) and a rectangular web part (302) which are perpendicular to each other; the T-shaped block (3) is formed by stacking and combining a plurality of T-shaped sheet plates; the T-shaped block (3) is embedded at the side of the gap of the transparent model box (1); the flange part (301) is positioned in the inner cavity of the transparent model box (1); the web part (302) extends out of the rectangular notch (101); the joint edge of the T-shaped block (3) and the transparent model box (1) is closed; the flange part (301) and the transparent model box (1) enclose a semi-enclosed space (S);a transparent film bag (5) is arranged in the semi-enclosed space (S); the transparent film bag (5) is tightly attached to the side wall of the semi-enclosed space (S); transparent soil (2) simulating soil around the pile is arranged in the transparent film bag (5);an oil jack (6), two industrial cameras (7) and two laser transmitters (8) are arranged outside the transparent model box (1); the oil jack (6) is positioned at the notch side of the transparent model box (1); the two industrial cameras (7) are arranged on the opposite side of the rectangular notch (101) and above the transparent model box (1); the two laser transmitters (8) are arranged on two sides adjacent to the notch side;during testing, a test model pile is embedded in the transparent soil (2); the loading block (4) is propped against the web part (302) by an oil jack (6); the oil jack (6) applies displacement to the loading block (4) in a grading way; the two laser transmitters (8) transmit laser to form two transparent soil speckle fields in the transparent soil (2); the industrial camera (7) records changes in the transparent soil speckle field.
- 2. The kind of transparent soil model test device for simulating soil body side shift according to claim 1, wherein the transparent model box (1) is made of organic glass.
- 3. The kind of transparent soil model test device simulating soil body side shift according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic jack (6), the industrial camera (7) and the laser emitter (8) are fixed on a support, the height and the angle of the support can be adjusted, the optical platform (9) is provided with a reserved screw hole, and the support is fixed on the optical platform (9) by using a screw.
- A method of testing the test device of claim 1 in , comprising the steps of:1) manufacturing a transparent model box (1), a T-shaped sheet plate and a loading block (4) according to the design size;2) stacking the T-shaped sheet plates at the gap of the transparent model box (1) to form a T-shaped block (3);3) placing the transparent film bag (5) into the semi-enclosed space (S);4) preparing transparent soil (2) in the transparent film bag (5) to a designed height; embedding the model pile at a design position in the preparation process; standing for 24 hours after the preparation is finished;5) arranging and adjusting an oil jack (6), an industrial camera (7) and a laser transmitter (8);6) the oil jack (6) applies displacement to the loading block (4) in a grading way; after the ith-level displacement is applied, shooting by using an industrial camera (7) when the speckle field in the transparent soil (2) is stable; adjusting the horizontal position and the height of the laser emitter (8) to acquire transparent soil section images at different positions under the ith-level displacement;7) saving the picture, closing the laser emitter (8) and arranging the test equipment;8) and (3) processing the test image by using a PIV technology to obtain a displacement vector diagram of each section of the transparent soil (2) around the pile.
- 5. The test methods according to claim 4, wherein there is a step of scrubbing the side wall of the transparent mold box (1) after step 1).
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Effective date of registration: 20210120 Address after: No.83, Shabei street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400044 Patentee after: Chongqing University General Institute of architectural planning and Design Co.,Ltd. Address before: 400044 No. 174 Sha Jie street, Shapingba District, Chongqing Patentee before: Chongqing University |