CN105002938A - One-dimensional horizontal circulation load loading device and experiment method thereof - Google Patents
One-dimensional horizontal circulation load loading device and experiment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105002938A CN105002938A CN201510454382.XA CN201510454382A CN105002938A CN 105002938 A CN105002938 A CN 105002938A CN 201510454382 A CN201510454382 A CN 201510454382A CN 105002938 A CN105002938 A CN 105002938A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of pile foundation project study, and aims at providing a one-dimensional horizontal circulation load loading device and an experiment method thereof. The one-dimensional horizontal circulation load loading device comprises a model groove, a loading system and a monitoring system. The interior of the model groove is used for being filled with filling soil and provided with a model pile. The loading system comprises a hydraulic servo actuator, a computer control system, a counter-force frame, a hydraulic jack, a positioning support and a positioning support guide rail. The monitoring system comprises a strain gage and a data collecting system. According to the circulation load loading experiment method, the horizontal circulation load is exerted on the model pile, real-time monitoring is carried out, and the working characteristic of the model pile under the action of the horizontal circulation load, the bearing force weakening situation and the influence range on the surrounding soil are studied. A series of one-dimensional horizontal circulation loads such as the wave load, the windstorm load and the earthquake load are simulated by changing the conditions such as the load amplitude, the load average value, the number of circulation times and the circulation frequency.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to pile foundation engineering research field, particularly a kind of one dimension horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger and experimental technique thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the exploitation of ocean all the more comes into one's own, the engineering be built in ocean is increasing, and the horizontal whirl-sprayed pile such as such as wind load, wave load and seismic load come into one's own gradually for the impact of building with its pile foundation.Suffered horizontal whirl-sprayed pile is built and horizontal dead load is very different in ocean, because cyclic loading is a process constantly repeating to load, many-sided factor all can cause very large impact to the supporting capacity of stake, and the duty of therefore bearing the stake of horizontal whirl-sprayed pile effect is very complicated.
Stake is under cyclic load, and under different conditions, the working property of stake is also very different, and the loading frequency of cyclic loading is improved the trend of the horizontal bearing capacity of stake, and the iterative cycles of cyclic loading can reduce the horizontal bearing capacity of stake.So loading frequency and cycle-index are the principal elements affecting stake proterties under horizontal whirl-sprayed pile, the former advantageous effect and the adverse effect of the latter along with loading frequency and cycle-index change and change, this just causes the former may be offset by the detrimental effect of the latter the Beneficial Effect of bearing capacity, therefore the ultimate lateral bearing capacity of stake may lower than quiet Limiting Level bearing capacity, also may higher than quiet Limiting Level bearing capacity, therefore, when estimating by horizontal whirl-sprayed pile stake ultimate lateral bearing capacity, the times influence simultaneously considering loading frequency and load circulation is needed.In addition, the amplitude of cyclic loading is same with average can have an impact to the horizontal bearing capacity of stake, and when the Nature comparison difference of topsoil, the disengagement phenomenon between stake soil is also very easy to occur, the maximum displacement that the dynamic response of pile foundation also experiences with pile foundation is in history relevant.Note also that, due to the nonlinear characteristic of soil, the build-in point of pile foundation is also constantly moving down along with the distortion of topsoil, thus makes deep soil participation work, and the scope of throwing off region also expands thereupon.
But the current research for the stake by horizontal whirl-sprayed pile is very limited, in order to ensure safety in construction, can only amplify safety factor as far as possible, thus create huge unnecessary cost.Therefore, the stake of research level load has great benefit for social benefit and economic interests.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, there is provided one can fill up at present about under horizontal whirl-sprayed pile effect, the one dimension horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger of pile foundation research field blank and one dimension horizontal whirl-sprayed pile loading experiment research method.For solving the problems of the technologies described above, solution of the present invention is:
A kind of one dimension horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger is provided, (utilizing hydraulic servo actuator and reaction frame) can carry out load loading experiment to being embedded in the Model Pile in banketing, described one dimension horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger comprises model groove, loading system, monitoring system;
Described model groove is open-topped rectangular box body structural model groove, and the bottom of model groove has outfall, and outfall is built with filter screen; The inside of model groove is used for loading and bankets and install Model Pile;
Described loading system comprises hydraulic servo actuator, computer control system, reaction frame, hydraulic jack, locating support, locating support guide rail;
Described reaction frame is arranged on the top of model groove, comprises horizontal reacting force frame, vertical reaction frame, horizontal guide rail, vertical guide; Described horizontal guide rail is provided with two, be arranged on the top of model groove perpendicular to correspondence two sides of load loading direction respectively, and one end of one of them horizontal guide rail extends to model groove outside, outer thus conveniently carry out banketing and the step such as consolidation for reaction frame being moved to model groove; Described vertical guide is provided with two, and one end of two vertical guide is arranged on the horizontal guide rail of both sides respectively by slide block, and vertical guide can be moved in the horizontal direction along horizontal guide rail; Described horizontal reacting force frame is the reaction frame of rectangle frame structure, and the minor face of horizontal reacting force frame rectangle frame is arranged in the vertical guide of both sides respectively by slide block, and horizontal reacting force frame vertically can be moved along vertical guide; Described vertical reaction frame is door type reaction frame, and two vertical legs of vertical reaction frame are arranged on the horizontal guide rail of both sides respectively by slide block, and vertical reaction frame can be moved horizontally along horizontal guide rail;
Described hydraulic jack is arranged on vertical reaction frame, for Model Pile being pressed in the banketing of model groove, and provides vertical load to the stake top of Model Pile;
Described locating support guide rail is provided with two, is arranged on two supporting legs of two vertical reaction frames respectively; Described locating support is the middle rectangular frame with a pair clamp, the minor face of locating support rectangle frame is arranged on the locating support guide rail of both sides respectively by slide block, make locating support can along the vertically movement of the supporting leg of vertical reaction frame, for when hydraulic jack is pressed into Model Pile, determines pushed position and guarantee the vertical of pile body;
Described hydraulic servo actuator is bolted on horizontal reacting force frame, the end of hydraulic servo actuator is used for being connected with Model Pile by clamp, applies horizontal loading (direction of horizontal loading is vertical with horizontal reacting force frame) by reaction frame to Model Pile; Meanwhile, thrust and the travel distance of its end can be monitored and record to hydraulic servo actuator, and feed back to computer control system;
Described computer control system is connected with hydraulic servo actuator, opens pass for hydraulic control servo actuator, and by the different parameters of loading of input, reaches the press-in for Model Pile and the horizontal addload carried out Model Pile in various degree; Meanwhile, computer control system is gone forward side by side after line item receiving displacement at pile top that hydraulic servo actuator feeds back and load, can carry out the judgement of testing end condition; Described parameters of loading comprises load amplitude, load average, frequency and the frequency.The implementation of computer control system can adopt the combination of hardware, software or hardware and software, those skilled in the art can according to function of the present invention, be used to realize correlation function to prior art means, due to these contents and non-invention emphasis, therefore repeat no more.
Described monitoring system comprises foil gauge and data collecting system; Described foil gauge for be pasted onto outside Model Pile by load axis, and by the wire of foil gauge from passing to data collecting system in Model Pile; Described data collecting system often can record the reading of connected foil gauge at regular intervals automatically, for reading and record the foil gauge readings after load applying each time.Here data collecting system can adopt existing hardware to realize, and those skilled in the art can, according to function of the present invention, be used to realize correlation function to prior art means, due to these contents and non-invention emphasis, therefore repeats no more.
In the present invention, the bottom surface of described model groove is steel plate, and surrounding sidewall is the organic glass that outside hoop has iron bar.
In the present invention, the outside of described model groove indicates scale, and zero graduation position is arranged on apart from 20cm place, bottom.
In the present invention, the outfall of described model trench bottom has four, opens the corner place at model trench bottom respectively.
Cyclic loading loading experimental method based on described one dimension horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger is provided, for passing through, horizontal whirl-sprayed pile is applied and Real-Time Monitoring to Model Pile, the operating characteristic of research model stake under horizontal whirl-sprayed pile effect, bearing capacity weaken situation and the influence basin to the periphery soil body, and described cyclic loading loading method specifically comprises the steps:
(1) to banket and consolidation: the bottom first to model groove spreads fill stratum, and fill stratum is divided into lower floor's sandy gravel stratum and upper strata Soft Soil Layer; After lower floor's sandy gravel stratum loads compacting, top layer height is positioned at the zero graduation position outside model groove;
Fill in the process of Soft Soil Layer, the 15 ~ 20cm that often bankets carries out uniform compaction and water filling, makes the soil body fully saturated, carry out lower one deck again and banket after leaving standstill, and after every layer of soil load, ensure that native upper plane is level, and carried out scraping hair process before adding lower one deck soil, avoid people to be layering; And make the upper level of final Soft Soil Layer lower than the top (Model Pile embedded depth requires determined according to actual tests, and in general its scope is 5 ~ 20 times of Model Pile diameter) of Model Pile;
After fill stratum has all loaded, lay waterproof film in soil body surface and divide evaporation to prevent water, and be abound with preloading and carry out consolidation, and guarantee is banketed each time, the degree of consolidation is identical (advises banketing each time consolidation same time, and the degree of consolidation is judged with needle penetration experiment after consolidation terminates, be judged to be that the degree of consolidation is identical when reaching same needle in-degree, consolidation time suggestion is one week); And when carrying out consolidation, the outfall of model trench bottom is all opened with even draining;
(2) preparation of Model Pile: paste foil gauge at Model Pile external surface, be then coated with one deck epoxy resin in the outside of foil gauge and protected, and the wire of foil gauge is passed in Model Pile; A taper shape is installed at the bottom of the stake of Model Pile pullover, for convenient, Model Pile is pressed in soil, and protection model stake inner lead;
(3) hydraulic jack is used, Model Pile is pressed in the fill stratum of model groove that (process of press in should slowly carry out, prevent from producing excessive disturbance to the soil body), and pushed position on the center line of horizontal guide rail glide direction, and should guarantee that Model Pile is vertical;
(4) by the stake of hydraulic servo actuator Alignment model, and utilize clamp to be connected with Model Pile, to computer control system input parameters of loading, start executive level cyclic loading and load; Set the data acquiring frequency of hydraulic servo actuator feedback data frequency, data collecting system, after recording cyclic loading applying each time, the stake top of Model Pile adds up the reading of horizontal movement and foil gauge simultaneously;
(5) end is tested for the moment when reaching following condition:
Condition A: accumulative horizontal movement exceedes setting value (will ask for different value according to different experiments), pile body generation unstable failure;
Condition B: the cyclic loading number of times having loaded setting when experiment starts;
(6) after experiment terminates, recovery models groove and experiment soil, and carry out data processing.
In the present invention, described Model Pile adopts steel pipe or aluminum pipe; And if Model Pile is used for analog study Practical Project, the diameter of Model Pile and wall thickness obtain (suggestion uses steel pipe) according to Practical Project scaled down.
In the present invention, before described cyclic loading loading experiment starts, the distance at hydraulic jack apex distance model groove top is greater than the length of Model Pile.
In the present invention, in described step (1), the weak soil that the weak soil for filling Soft Soil Layer selects business kaolin or job site to get, if the weak soil using job site to get, carries out the detection of the physico-mechanical properties of the soil body before the experiments.
In the present invention, in described step (2), a pair foil gauge is arranged in each pile body horizontal section of Model Pile, and according to the embedded depth determination foil gauge quantity of Model Pile, specifically refer to: below Soft Soil Layer upper surface ten times of Model Pile stake footpath within, the spacing being disposed adjacent the foil gauge on pile body horizontal section is not more than the stake footpath of Model Pile; More than the stake footpath of ten times of Model Pile below Soft Soil Layer upper surface, be arranged on the spacing of the foil gauge on adjacent pile body horizontal section, be greater than an adjacent spacing.
In the present invention, in described step (4), the contact surface of clamp and Model Pile is arc.
Operating principle of the present invention: during experiment, scaled down is carried out thus analogue formation stake to experimental subjects, loading system is utilized to apply the cyclic loadings such as simulation storm load, wave load to Model Pile, record foil gauge reading, draw displacement at pile top path profile, thus research is by the working condition of the horizontal cyclic load Single Pile of one dimension.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention can the working condition of observing and nursing stake intuitively under varying level cyclic loading, also obtains accurate data in order to further research by data collecting system.
2, the present invention is by changing the conditions such as load amplitude, load average, cycle-index, cycle frequency thus a series of one dimension horizontal whirl-sprayed pile such as simulated waves load, storm load, seismic load.
3, the present invention applies except cyclic loading except to experimental subjects, can be banketed the condition such as kind, the degree of consolidation simultaneously, apply horizontal dead load and vertical dead load, thus carry out the research of different soil conditions Single Pile ultimate bearing capacity to Model Pile by change.
4, structure of the present invention simple, be easy to left-hand seat, cast material and banket and can reuse, can not wastes and pollution be caused, and automatically can record data, reduce the required staff of experiment, the error produced when simultaneously reducing artificial reading.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view that the present invention does not comprise vertical loading system.
Fig. 2 is the front view that the present invention does not comprise horizontal addload system and Model Pile.
Fig. 3 is top view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the lateral view that the present invention does not comprise loading system and Model Pile.
Fig. 5 is the connection detail of Model Pile and clamp.
Reference numeral in figure is: 1 model groove; 2 sandy gravel stratums; 3 Soft Soil Layers; 4 outfall; 5 hydraulic servo actuators; 6 horizontal reacting force framves; 7 horizontal guide rails; 8 clamps; 9 foil gauges; 10 Model Pile; 11 hydraulic jack; 12 vertical reaction frames; 13 locating supports; 14 vertical guide; 15 locating support guide rails; 16 data collecting systems; 17 computer control systems.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described in further detail:
A kind of one dimension horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4 comprises model groove 1, loading system, monitoring system.By loading system, the cyclic loadings such as simulation storm load, wave load are applied to the Model Pile 10 as experimental subjects, record foil gauge 9 reading, draw displacement at pile top path profile, thus research is by the working condition of the horizontal cyclic load Single Pile of one dimension, in addition, this device also can carry out the research of ultimate bearing capacity of single pile to the horizontal dead load of Model Pile 10 applying and vertical dead load.This device can be widely deployed in the research of pile foundation engineering, and is easy to left-hand seat, and experimental result is directly perceived.
Model groove 1 is open-topped rectangular box body structural model groove 1, and the bottom surface of model groove 1 is steel plate, and surrounding sidewall is the organic glass that outside hoop has iron bar, for increasing the bearing capacity of model groove 1; The outside of model groove 1 indicates scale, and to facilitate the determination of the depth of fill in process of banketing during Preparatory work of experiment, and zero graduation position is arranged on apart from 20cm place, bottom.The bottom of model groove 1 has four outfall 4, open the corner place bottom model groove 1 respectively, and outfall 4 is built with filter screen, and during to prevent draining, water-band body of breaking ground is flowed out by outfall 4.The inside of model groove 1 is used for loading and bankets and install Model Pile 10.
Loading system comprises hydraulic servo actuator 5, computer control system 17, reaction frame, hydraulic jack 11, locating support 13, locating support guide rail 15.
Described reaction frame is arranged on the top of model groove 1, comprises horizontal reacting force frame 6, vertical reaction frame 12, horizontal guide rail 7, vertical guide 14.Described horizontal guide rail 7 is provided with two, be arranged on the top of model groove 1 perpendicular to correspondence two sides of load loading direction respectively, and one end of one of them horizontal guide rail 7 extends to model groove 1 outside, outer thus conveniently carry out banketing and the step such as consolidation for reaction frame being moved to model groove 1.Described vertical guide 14 is provided with two, and one end of two vertical guide 14 is arranged on the horizontal guide rail 7 of both sides respectively by slide block, and vertical guide 14 can be moved in the horizontal direction along horizontal guide rail 7.Described horizontal reacting force frame 6 is the reaction frame of rectangle frame structure, the minor face of horizontal reacting force frame 6 rectangle frame is arranged in the vertical guide 14 of both sides respectively by slide block, horizontal reacting force frame 6 vertically can be moved along vertical guide 14, load(ing) point height is changed to facilitate, also can conveniently for the Model Pile 10 of diverse location loads.Described vertical reaction frame 12 is door type reaction frame, and two vertical legs of vertical reaction frame 12 are arranged on the horizontal guide rail 7 of both sides respectively by slide block, and vertical reaction frame 12 can be moved horizontally along horizontal guide rail 7.
Described hydraulic jack 11 is arranged on vertical reaction frame 12, for Model Pile 10 is pressed in banketing of model groove 1, and provide vertical load to the stake top of Model Pile 10, by vertical reaction frame 12, the vertical direction that hydraulic jack 11 can be loaded along horizontal loading moves horizontally, and hydraulic jack 11 should be greater than Model Pile 10 length apart from model groove 1 highest point distance.
Described locating support guide rail 15 is provided with two, is arranged on respectively on two supporting legs of two vertical reaction frames 12.Described locating support 13 is the middle rectangular frame with a pair clamp 8, the minor face of locating support 13 rectangle frame is arranged on the locating support guide rail 15 of both sides respectively by slide block, make locating support 13 can along the supporting leg vertically movement of vertical reaction frame 12, for when hydraulic jack 11 is pressed into Model Pile 10, determines pushed position and guarantee the vertical of pile body.
Described hydraulic servo actuator 5 is bolted on horizontal reacting force frame 6, the end of hydraulic servo actuator 5 is used for being connected with Model Pile 10 by clamp 8, by reaction frame, horizontal loading is applied to Model Pile 10, and the direction of horizontal loading is vertical with horizontal reacting force frame 6.Meanwhile, thrust and the travel distance of its end can be monitored and record to hydraulic servo actuator 5, and feed back to computer control system 17.
Described computer control system 17 is connected with hydraulic servo actuator 5, opens pass for hydraulic control servo actuator 5, and by the different parameters of loading of input, reaches the press-in for Model Pile 10 and the horizontal addload carried out Model Pile 10 in various degree.Parameters of loading comprises load amplitude, load average, frequency and the frequency.Meanwhile, computer control system 17 is gone forward side by side after line item receiving displacement at pile top that hydraulic servo actuator 5 feeds back and load, can carry out the judgement of testing end condition.
Monitoring system comprises foil gauge 9 and data collecting system 16.Described foil gauge 9 for be pasted onto outside Model Pile 10 by load axis, and the wire of foil gauge 9 to be passed to data collecting system 16 from Model Pile 10.Described data collecting system 16 often can record the reading of connected foil gauge 9 at regular intervals automatically, for reading and record foil gauge 9 readings after load applying each time.
Based on above-mentioned one dimension horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger, schematic diagram is utilized to be described in detail one dimension horizontal whirl-sprayed pile loading experiment research method, for convenience of explanation, the schematic diagram of indication device structure can be disobeyed general ratio and be made partial enlargement, should in this, as limitation of the invention, in addition, in the making of reality, the three-dimensional space of length, width and height should be comprised.
This cyclic loading loading experimental method is based on one dimension horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger, horizontal whirl-sprayed pile can be applied, by adjustment load amplitude, load average, frequency and the frequency to simulate the horizontal whirl-sprayed pile under the actual conditions such as storm load, wave load, seismic load to Model Pile 10; And Real-Time Monitoring is carried out to Model Pile 10, to study its operating characteristic under horizontal whirl-sprayed pile effect, bearing capacity weakens situation and the influence basin to the periphery soil body.Specifically comprise the steps:
(1) to banket and consolidation.In the present embodiment, model groove 1 length, width and height are 2 × 2 × 1.5m, and be steel plate bottom model groove 1, sidewall is organic glass, and uses iron bar banding, for increasing the bearing capacity of model groove 1.Lid is not established in model groove 1 top, indicates scale outside model groove 1, and to facilitate the determination of the depth of fill in process of banketing during Preparatory work of experiment, zero graduation position is apart from backplate surface 20cm place.Weak soil selects business kaolin.First bottom model groove 1, spread one deck sandy gravel stratum 2, thickness is 20cm, and upper strata Soft Soil Layer 3 thickness is 1.2m.Fill in weak soil process to divide and fill for 8 times, the 15cm that namely often bankets carries out uniform compaction and water filling, makes the soil body fully saturated, carries out lower one deck again and banket after leaving standstill a period of time.After every layer of soil has loaded, require that native upper plane is level, hair is scraped before adding lower one deck soil, in order to avoid people is layering, after whole filling completes, soil body surface is laid waterproof film and is divided evaporation to prevent water, and is abound with preloading and carries out consolidation, consolidation time is one week, judges consolidation situation by penetrometer.Four outfall 4 bottom by model groove 1 are needed all to open with even draining when carrying out consolidation.
(2) preparation of Model Pile 10.Model Pile 10 adopts steel pipe or aluminum pipe; If Model Pile 10 is for analog study Practical Project, the diameter of Model Pile 10 and wall thickness obtain according to Practical Project scaled down, and suggestion uses steel pipe; If do not have Practical Project as reference, then diameter and wall thickness should not be excessive or too small, excessive, need higher load level and larger model groove 1, too small, should not paste foil gauge 9, easily cause error.
Foil gauge 9 is pasted at Model Pile 10 external surface, a pair foil gauge 9 is arranged in each pile body horizontal section to Model Pile 10, and according to embedded depth determination foil gauge 9 quantity of Model Pile 10, specifically refer to: below Soft Soil Layer 3 upper surface ten times of Model Pile 10 stake footpath within, the spacing being disposed adjacent the foil gauge 9 on pile body horizontal section is not more than the stake footpath of Model Pile 10; More than the stake footpath of ten times of Model Pile 10 below Soft Soil Layer 3 upper surface, the spacing being arranged on the foil gauge 9 on adjacent pile body horizontal section increases gradually.Finally be coated with one deck epoxy resin in the outside of foil gauge 9 to be protected, and the wire of foil gauge 9 is passed in Model Pile 10.
A taper shape is installed at the bottom of the stake of Model Pile 10 pullover, for convenient, Model Pile 10 is pressed in soil, and protection model stake 10 inner lead.Before cyclic loading loading experiment starts, hydraulic jack 11 is greater than the length of Model Pile 10 apart from the distance at model groove 1 top.
Model Pile 10 long 1.5m in the present embodiment, embedded depth is 1m, when pasting foil gauge 9, a pair foil gauge 9 is arranged every 8cm in 40cm below soil body surface, 40-70cm place arranges a pair every 10cm, 70-100cm place arranges a pair every 15cm, need arrange that 11 to (22) foil gauge 9 altogether.
(3) use hydraulic jack 11, Model Pile 10 is pressed into the precalculated position of model groove 1, it should be noted that process of press in should slowly carry out, prevent from producing excessive disturbance to the soil body, and guarantee that Model Pile 10 is vertical.In the present embodiment, because Model Pile 10 pairs of horizontal loading vertical direction soil body influence basins are very little, 4 Model Pile 10 that are therefore arranged side by side are tested successively, banket and consolidation time, raise the efficiency to save.
(4) by horizontal reacting force frame guide rail 7 by hydraulic servo actuator 5 Alignment model stake 10, and utilize clamp 8 to be connected with Model Pile 10, for making load also can keep level after the bending inclination of pile body, clamp 8 is arc with the contact surface of Model Pile 10, can with reference to shown in figure 4.Input parameters of loading to computer control system 17, start executive level cyclic loading and load; The data acquiring frequency of setup control amount feedback system, data collecting system 16 simultaneously, after recording cyclic loading applying each time, the stake top of Model Pile 10 adds up the reading of horizontal movement and foil gauge 9.
(5) end is tested for the moment when reaching following condition:
Condition A: accumulative horizontal movement exceedes setting value, pile body generation unstable failure; Here setting value will ask for different value according to different experiments;
Condition B: the cyclic loading number of times having loaded setting when experiment starts.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment, after a pile reaches one of experiment termination condition, by horizontal reacting force frame guide rail 7 by next root Model Pile 10 of horizontal addload system alignment, until all Model Pile 10 have loaded.
(6) after experiment terminates, recovery models groove 1 and experiment soil, and carry out data processing.
Finally, it should be noted that above what enumerate is only specific embodiments of the invention.Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, a lot of distortion can also be had.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed by the invention, all should think protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an one dimension horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger, carry out load loading experiment to being embedded in the Model Pile in banketing, it is characterized in that, described one dimension horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger comprises model groove, loading system, monitoring system;
Described model groove is open-topped rectangular box body structural model groove, and the bottom of model groove has outfall, and outfall is built with filter screen; The inside of model groove is used for loading and bankets and install Model Pile;
Described loading system comprises hydraulic servo actuator, computer control system, reaction frame, hydraulic jack, locating support, locating support guide rail;
Described reaction frame is arranged on the top of model groove, comprises horizontal reacting force frame, vertical reaction frame, horizontal guide rail, vertical guide; Described horizontal guide rail is provided with two, be arranged on the top of model groove perpendicular to correspondence two sides of load loading direction respectively, and one end of one of them horizontal guide rail extends to model groove outside, outer thus conveniently carry out banketing and the step such as consolidation for reaction frame being moved to model groove; Described vertical guide is provided with two, and one end of two vertical guide is arranged on the horizontal guide rail of both sides respectively by slide block, and vertical guide can be moved in the horizontal direction along horizontal guide rail; Described horizontal reacting force frame is the reaction frame of rectangle frame structure, and the minor face of horizontal reacting force frame rectangle frame is arranged in the vertical guide of both sides respectively by slide block, and horizontal reacting force frame vertically can be moved along vertical guide; Described vertical reaction frame is door type reaction frame, and two vertical legs of vertical reaction frame are arranged on the horizontal guide rail of both sides respectively by slide block, and vertical reaction frame can be moved horizontally along horizontal guide rail;
Described hydraulic jack is arranged on vertical reaction frame, for Model Pile being pressed in the banketing of model groove, and provides vertical load to the stake top of Model Pile;
Described locating support guide rail is provided with two, is arranged on two supporting legs of two vertical reaction frames respectively; Described locating support is the middle rectangular frame with a pair clamp, the minor face of locating support rectangle frame is arranged on the locating support guide rail of both sides respectively by slide block, make locating support can along the vertically movement of the supporting leg of vertical reaction frame, for when hydraulic jack is pressed into Model Pile, determines pushed position and guarantee the vertical of pile body;
Described hydraulic servo actuator is bolted on horizontal reacting force frame, and the end of hydraulic servo actuator is used for being connected with Model Pile by clamp, applies horizontal loading by reaction frame to Model Pile; Meanwhile, thrust and the travel distance of its end can be monitored and record to hydraulic servo actuator, and feed back to computer control system;
Described computer control system is connected with hydraulic servo actuator, opens pass for hydraulic control servo actuator, and by the different parameters of loading of input, reaches the press-in for Model Pile and the horizontal addload carried out Model Pile in various degree; Meanwhile, computer control system is gone forward side by side after line item receiving displacement at pile top that hydraulic servo actuator feeds back and load, can carry out the judgement of testing end condition; Described parameters of loading comprises load amplitude, load average, frequency and the frequency;
Described monitoring system comprises foil gauge and data collecting system; Described foil gauge for be pasted onto outside Model Pile by load axis, and by the wire of foil gauge from passing to data collecting system in Model Pile; Described data collecting system often can record the reading of connected foil gauge at regular intervals automatically, for reading and record the foil gauge readings after load applying each time.
2. a kind of one dimension horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the bottom surface of described model groove is steel plate, and surrounding sidewall is the organic glass that outside hoop has iron bar.
3. a kind of one dimension horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the outside of described model groove indicates scale, and zero graduation position is arranged on apart from 20cm place, bottom.
4. a kind of one dimension horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the outfall of described model trench bottom has four, opens the corner place at model trench bottom respectively.
5. based on the cyclic loading loading experimental method of one dimension horizontal whirl-sprayed pile charger described in claim 1, for passing through, horizontal whirl-sprayed pile is applied and Real-Time Monitoring to Model Pile, the operating characteristic of research model stake under horizontal whirl-sprayed pile effect, bearing capacity weaken situation and the influence basin to the periphery soil body, it is characterized in that, described cyclic loading loading method specifically comprises the steps:
(1) to banket and consolidation: the bottom first to model groove spreads fill stratum, and fill stratum is divided into lower floor's sandy gravel stratum and upper strata Soft Soil Layer; After lower floor's sandy gravel stratum loads compacting, top layer height is positioned at the zero graduation position outside model groove;
Fill in the process of Soft Soil Layer, the 15 ~ 20cm that often bankets carries out uniform compaction and water filling, makes the soil body fully saturated, carry out lower one deck again and banket after leaving standstill, and after every layer of soil load, ensure that native upper plane is level, and carried out scraping hair process before adding lower one deck soil, avoid people to be layering; And make the top of upper level lower than Model Pile of final Soft Soil Layer;
After fill stratum has all loaded, lay waterproof film in soil body surface and divide evaporation to prevent water, and be abound with preloading and carry out consolidation, and the degree of the consolidation that ensures to banket each time is identical; And when carrying out consolidation, the outfall of model trench bottom is all opened with even draining;
(2) preparation of Model Pile: paste foil gauge at Model Pile external surface, be then coated with one deck epoxy resin in the outside of foil gauge and protected, and the wire of foil gauge is passed in Model Pile; A taper shape is installed at the bottom of the stake of Model Pile pullover, for convenient, Model Pile is pressed in soil, and protection model stake inner lead;
(3) use hydraulic jack, Model Pile is pressed in the fill stratum of model groove, and pushed position on the center line of horizontal guide rail glide direction, and should guarantee that Model Pile is vertical;
(4) by the stake of hydraulic servo actuator Alignment model, and utilize clamp to be connected with Model Pile, to computer control system input parameters of loading, start executive level cyclic loading and load; Set the data acquiring frequency of hydraulic servo actuator feedback data frequency, data collecting system, after recording cyclic loading applying each time, the stake top of Model Pile adds up the reading of horizontal movement and foil gauge simultaneously;
(5) end is tested for the moment when reaching following condition:
Condition A: accumulative horizontal movement exceedes setting value, pile body generation unstable failure;
Condition B: the cyclic loading number of times having loaded setting when experiment starts;
(6) after experiment terminates, recovery models groove and experiment soil, and carry out data processing.
6. cyclic loading loading experimental method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described Model Pile adopts steel pipe or aluminum pipe; And if Model Pile is used for analog study Practical Project, the diameter of Model Pile and wall thickness obtain according to Practical Project scaled down.
7. cyclic loading loading experimental method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, before described cyclic loading loading experiment starts, the distance at hydraulic jack apex distance model groove top is greater than the length of Model Pile.
8. cyclic loading loading experimental method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), the weak soil that weak soil for filling Soft Soil Layer selects business kaolin or job site to get, if the weak soil using job site to get, carries out the detection of the physico-mechanical properties of the soil body before the experiments.
9. cyclic loading loading experimental method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, in described step (2), a pair foil gauge is arranged in each pile body horizontal section of Model Pile, and according to the embedded depth determination foil gauge quantity of Model Pile, specifically refer to: below Soft Soil Layer upper surface ten times of Model Pile stake footpath within, the spacing being disposed adjacent the foil gauge on pile body horizontal section is not more than the stake footpath of Model Pile; More than the stake footpath of ten times of Model Pile below Soft Soil Layer upper surface, be arranged on the spacing of the foil gauge on adjacent pile body horizontal section, be greater than an adjacent spacing.
10. cyclic loading loading experimental method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in described step (4), the contact surface of clamp and Model Pile is arc.
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