CN108896391B - Simulation device for stress process and load transfer mechanism of equivalent horizontal load-bearing pile - Google Patents
Simulation device for stress process and load transfer mechanism of equivalent horizontal load-bearing pile Download PDFInfo
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- CN108896391B CN108896391B CN201810403356.8A CN201810403356A CN108896391B CN 108896391 B CN108896391 B CN 108896391B CN 201810403356 A CN201810403356 A CN 201810403356A CN 108896391 B CN108896391 B CN 108896391B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation device for the stress process and the load transfer mechanism of an equivalent horizontal load-bearing pile, which realizes physical simulation and visual teaching of the stress process of the horizontal load-bearing pile (the axial force of the pile top can be selectively increased), and has certain guiding significance for the research of the horizontal load-bearing pile; the pressure applying assembly and the pressure transmitting assembly are correspondingly connected together to apply initial soil pressure to a model pile arranged in a counter-force frame in a direction parallel to the horizontal force applying direction of a pile top, the lateral friction systems apply pile lateral friction forces to two side surfaces of the model pile in the direction parallel to the horizontal force loading direction, the pile body testing system is used for testing the pressure and displacement changes of each section of a pile body of the model pile, the pile top horizontal direction loading system and the pile top vertical direction loading system are used for applying horizontal circulating force to the pile top of the model pile in a grading manner or applying vertical force to the pile top in advance, and testing the horizontal deformation and the vertical deformation of the pile top in the process of applying the horizontal circulating force in the grading manner, and the device can realize the simulation of the stress process of the.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a simulation device for a stress process and a load transfer mechanism of an equivalent horizontal loaded pile, and belongs to the technical field of civil engineering indoor physical simulation.
Background
In the continuous development process of modern cities, high-rise buildings are built to meet the requirement of city development, pile foundations are the first choice of high-rise building foundations, the upper structure needs to bear wind loads or earthquake loads, the loads acting on pile tops are the combination of vertical forces and horizontal forces, and in addition, horizontal loads such as wave forces, tidal currents, wind pressures and the like are mainly borne by projects such as sea-crossing bridge pile foundations, wharf pile foundations, offshore projects and offshore oil platforms, and horizontal impact forces caused by ship collision can be borne. The anti-slide piles in the landslide are mainly used for bearing horizontal loads. The horizontal load-bearing pile mainly resists horizontal load through bending of the pile, and the horizontal load-bearing pile mainly comprises an integral numerical value method, an elastic theory method and an elastic foundation beam method in relation to stress deformation analysis at home and abroad.
Most of the existing calculation methods for the horizontal load-bearing piles have complex theoretical derivation, have high requirements on the mathematical capability and are not beneficial to application in engineering. Most literature deductions are based on the fact that the pile head is completely buried in the soil and the pile head axial force is generally not considered. There is no clear theory about the second-order effect caused by the axial force, and the calculation is complicated by the vertical axial force of the pile top. In addition, the influence of pile side soil parallel to the horizontal force action direction of the pile is generally not considered in the calculation of the horizontal load-bearing pile, and the influence of pile side soil resistance parallel to the horizontal force action direction of the pile is mainly considered, so that the simplification can simplify the complex problem to some extent, but the simplification has great influence on the safety degree of the foundation pile and needs further consideration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides the simulation device of the stress process and the load transfer mechanism of the equivalent horizontal load-bearing pile, has reasonable design, high similarity with the soil body environment at the pile side of the horizontal load-bearing pile, clear boundary and visual load-bearing process, realizes the physical simulation and visual teaching of the stress process of the horizontal load-bearing pile (the axial force of the pile top can be selectively increased), and has certain guiding significance for the research of the horizontal load-bearing pile.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a simulation device for the stress process and the load transmission mechanism of an equivalent horizontal loaded pile comprises a counterforce frame, a pressure applying assembly, a pressure transmitting assembly, a positioning and adjusting assembly, a model pile, a pile body testing system and a lateral friction system; the pile body testing system is used for testing the model pile and is used for measuring the horizontal soil pressure and horizontal displacement changes of different sections of the pile body after the pile top is horizontally loaded;
the counter-force frame is a rectangular closed frame and comprises a top cross beam, a bottom cross beam and side beams, wherein the top cross beam and the bottom cross beam are horizontally arranged, the two side beams are vertically arranged between the top cross beam and the bottom cross beam and are matched with the top cross beam and the bottom cross beam to form a rectangular frame structure, grooves are formed in the inner sides of the top cross beam and the bottom cross beam and are oppositely arranged, a pile feeding hole is formed in the middle of the top cross beam in the vertical direction and is a through hole, a bottom hole is formed in the bottom cross beam corresponding to the position right below the pile feeding hole, and the bottom hole is a blind hole;
the structure of the pressure applying assembly is as follows: the device comprises a hollow threaded rod, a spring, a sleeve, a dowel bar, a limiting plate, a piston, a loading handle and a positioning rod, wherein the sleeve transversely penetrates through a side beam on one side of a counter-force frame, inner threads are arranged at two ends of the sleeve, the outer end of the side beam opposite to the sleeve is connected with the hollow threaded rod, the limiting plate is arranged at the inner end of the side beam opposite to the sleeve, one end of the hollow threaded rod is connected onto the sleeve through threads, the loading handle is arranged at the other end of the hollow threaded rod, the positioning rod is arranged in the sleeve, one end of the positioning rod is inserted into the hollow threaded rod, the other end of the positioning rod is connected onto the piston in the sleeve, the piston can move in the sleeve along with the positioning rod, the spring is sleeved on the positioning rod between the piston and the hollow threaded rod, the other end of the dowel bar is connected with the pressure transmission assembly, and a connecting through hole is formed in the side face of the bar end at the joint of the dowel bar and the pressure transmission assembly;
the structure of the pressure transmission assembly is as follows: the device comprises bearing plates, a connecting plate, force transfer plates, U-shaped grooves, cushion blocks, positioning holes and connecting pins, wherein the two bearing plates are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of a model pile, the cushion blocks are arranged between the bearing plates and the model pile, the bearing plates and the connecting plate are connected together through the two force transfer plates, the two force transfer plates are arranged in a splayed shape, the connecting plate is vertically provided with the U-shaped grooves, the force transfer rods are inserted into the U-shaped grooves, the two side surfaces of each U-shaped groove are vertically provided with the positioning holes, and the force transfer rods are fixed on the connecting plate through the connecting pins penetrating through the positioning holes and the connecting through holes of the force;
the structure of the positioning and adjusting assembly is as follows: the pile model pile comprises positioning plates and supporting plates, wherein the two supporting plates are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of a model pile, the upper end and the lower end of each supporting plate are correspondingly arranged in grooves of a top cross beam and a bottom cross beam, two rows of preformed holes are longitudinally and equidistantly arranged on the supporting plates, each preformed hole comprises a cross beam notch and a test notch, the cross beam notches and the test notches are arranged at intervals up and down, positioning cross beams are arranged in the cross beam notches, the test notches are used for mounting pile side displacement sensors, two positioning plates are arranged between the corresponding positioning cross beams on the two supporting plates, one end of each positioning plate is arranged on each positioning cross beam, and the other end of each positioning plate is respectively arranged on a bearing plate and a connecting plate;
the structure of the pile body testing system is as follows: the pressure sensors and the displacement sensors are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the geometric centers of the surfaces of the pressure bearing plates facing the model piles, the displacement sensors are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the test groove openings of the supporting plate, and the pressure sensors and the displacement sensors are respectively connected with the pressure sensor control system and the displacement sensor control system which are arranged outside the counter-force frame;
the structure of the lateral friction system is as follows: including the rubber membrane, rubber bag and side limit frame, the side limit frame is a closed square frame structure, the vertical setting of side limit frame is between model stake and backup pad, and forms airtight cavity structures with model stake and backup pad, the rubber bag sets up in this airtight cavity structures, the rubber bag is hollow structure, the rubber bag passes through the pipeline and communicates with the pressure boost steady voltage system that is located the counterforce frame outside, the rubber bag is pasted on the surface with the contact of model stake has the rubber membrane, the rubber membrane is crude towards model stake side surface for simulate the frictional resistance between model stake and the soil interface.
The bottom side of the positioning cross beam is vertically provided with an adjusting rod, threads are arranged on the outer side of the adjusting rod, the lower end of the adjusting rod is correspondingly inserted into a jack arranged on the bottom edge of a notch of the cross beam, an adjusting nut is installed, the depth of the jack is larger than the length of the adjusting rod, the internal thread of the adjusting nut is matched with the external thread of the adjusting rod, and the positioning cross beam is enabled to reach a corresponding height and keep horizontal by rotating the upper position and the lower position of the adjusting nut to position the adjusting.
The dowel bar can only be adjusted from top to bottom in the U-shaped groove and can rotate at a small angle in a vertical plane, and the axle center or small eccentric loading of the bearing plate can be realized.
The tie rod is fixed on the stiffening rib through a nut and is located on the left side and the right side of the model pile, and the tie rod and the stiffening rib are matched to form a square frame body for reinforcing the restraint of the rubber bag.
And the pile top horizontal direction loading system and the pile top vertical loading system are respectively used for applying horizontal circulating force and vertical force to the pile top of the model pile in a grading manner, and testing the horizontal deformation and the vertical deformation of the pile top after applying the horizontal force and the vertical force to the pile top.
Pile bolck level is downthehole to loading system sets up at the pile sending, and is located the model pile left side or right side and between the inner wall in pile sending hole, the pile bolck level is to loading system's structure: including horizontal cylinder, horizontal force sensor and horizontal displacement meter, horizontal cylinder level sets up, the cylinder body of horizontal cylinder is fixed on the inner wall in pile feeding hole, horizontal cylinder piston rod tip is provided with horizontal atress bearing plate, horizontal atress bearing plate is the same width with the model pile side, and hugs closely on the model pile, be provided with horizontal force sensor between horizontal atress bearing plate and the horizontal cylinder piston rod tip, horizontal force sensor is used for detecting the horizontal force that horizontal cylinder was applyed, just horizontal force that horizontal cylinder applyed for the model pile and the power that the subassembly of exerting pressure applyed for the model pile are on a plane, horizontal displacement meter installs on two perpendicular opposite faces of model pile and pile bolck horizontal loading direction to be located between the horizontal atress bearing plate of pile bolck horizontal to loading system and the bearing plate of a set of pressure transmission subassembly of topmost layer, the horizontal displacement meter is used for testing the horizontal displacement of the pile top after the pile top applies circulating horizontal force in a grading manner;
the vertical loading system of pile bolck sets up on reaction frame's top crossbeam, the structure of the vertical loading system of pile bolck is: including vertical stand, reaction cross beam, vertical hydro-cylinder, vertical force transducer, vertical atress bearing plate and longitudinal displacement meter, the reaction cross beam passes through vertical stand and sets up on the top crossbeam, the cylinder body setting of vertical hydro-cylinder is on reaction cross beam, the piston rod tip of vertical hydro-cylinder is provided with vertical atress bearing plate, vertical atress bearing plate hugs closely on model pile top side, be provided with vertical force transducer between vertical atress bearing plate and the vertical hydro-cylinder piston rod tip, vertical force transducer is used for detecting the vertical power that vertical hydro-cylinder was applyed, longitudinal displacement meter is installed and is no less than 1 times model pile width's side fulcrum apart from below the model pile top surface on, vertical displacement meter is used for testing the vertical displacement on pile top.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.
1. The invention relates to a simulation device and an analysis method for a horizontal loaded pile stress process, wherein a pile side spring loading system is used for equivalently replacing a soil body parallel to the stress direction of a horizontal loaded pile, rubber films with certain roughness are arranged on two sides of the pile parallel to the stress direction of the horizontal loaded pile, and lateral constraint force is exerted by an outer side rubber bag to simulate the pile side constraint action in the horizontal loaded pile load process.
2. The invention relates to a horizontal load-bearing pile stress process simulation device and an analysis method, which can be used for analyzing the working condition that the pile top of a foundation pile bears horizontal force, and can also be used for applying axial force to the pile top and analyzing the complex working condition that the foundation pile simultaneously bears vertical force and horizontal force. And the foundation pile analysis of the low bearing platform and the high bearing platform can be realized under the two working conditions, and the application range is wide.
3. The invention relates to a simulation device and an analysis method for a stress process of a horizontal load-bearing pile. And through carrying out the segmentation setting to stake side loading system, can realize the effect of different layering soil bodies to the pile body restraint, realize that stake side soil layer is transversal isotropy, and is closer with stake side stratum soil body environment.
4. The invention relates to a horizontal loaded pile stress process simulation device and an analysis method.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a loading device composed of a pressure applying assembly and a pressure transmitting assembly according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of section a-a in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a positioning adjustment assembly according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a pressing assembly according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1 is a reaction frame, 11 is a top beam, 12 is a bottom beam, 13 is a side beam, 14 is a groove, 15 is a pile feeding hole, 16 is a bottom hole, 2 is a pressure applying component, 21 is a hollow threaded rod, 22 is a spring, 23 is a sleeve, 24 is a force transmission rod, 25 is a limit plate, 26 is a piston, 27 is a loading handle, 28 is a positioning rod, 3 is a pressure transmission component, 31 is a bearing plate, 32 is a connecting plate, 33 is a force transmission plate, 34 is a U-shaped groove, 35 is a cushion block, 36 is a positioning hole, 37 is a connecting pin, 4 is a positioning adjusting component, 41 is a positioning plate, 42 is a support plate, 43 is a reserved hole, 44 is a positioning beam, 45 is an adjusting nut, 46 is an adjusting rod, 47 is an inserting hole, 5 is a model pile, 6 is a pile body testing system, 61 is a pressure sensor, 62 is a displacement sensor, 63 is a pressure sensor control system, 64 displacement sensor control system, 7 is a lateral friction system, 71 is a pull rod, 72 is a nut, 73 is a rubber membrane, 74 is a rubber bag, 75 is a side limiting frame, 76 is a stiffening rib, 77 is a pressurizing and pressure stabilizing system, 8 is a pile top horizontal loading system, 81 is a horizontal oil cylinder, 82 is a horizontal force sensor, 83 is a horizontal stress bearing plate, 84 is a horizontal displacement meter, 9 is a pile top vertical loading system, 91 is a longitudinal upright column, 92 is a counter-force cross beam, 93 is a longitudinal oil cylinder, 94 is a longitudinal force sensor, 95 is a longitudinal stress bearing plate, and 96 is a longitudinal displacement meter.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the simulation device for the stress process and the load transfer mechanism of the equivalent horizontal loaded pile of the invention comprises a counterforce frame 1, a pressure applying component 2, a pressure transmitting component 3, a positioning adjusting component 4, a model pile 5, a pile body testing system 6 and a lateral friction system 7; the pressure applying components 2 are symmetrically arranged on the two side surfaces of the counter force frame 1, the pressure transmitting component 3 and the positioning adjusting component 4 correspond to the pressure applying components 2 and are positioned in the counter force frame 1, wherein, the pressure transmission component 3 is arranged corresponding to the pressure application component 2 and is respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the model pile 5, the positioning and adjusting component 4 is arranged corresponding to the pressure transmission component 3, and are respectively positioned at the front and rear sides of the model pile 5, two groups of lateral friction systems 7 are respectively arranged at the front and rear sides of the model pile 5, and the lateral friction system 7 is positioned between the positioning and adjusting component 4 and the model pile 5, the pressure applying component 2 and the pressure transmitting component 3 are correspondingly connected together to apply load to the model pile 5 arranged in the counterforce frame 1, the pile body testing system 6 is used for testing the model pile 5 and measuring the horizontal soil pressure and horizontal displacement changes of different sections of the pile body after the pile top is horizontally loaded;
the reaction frame 1 is a rectangular closed frame, the reaction frame 1 comprises a top cross beam 11, a bottom cross beam 12 and side beams 13, the top cross beam 11 and the bottom cross beam 12 are both horizontally arranged, the two side beams 13 are vertically arranged between the top cross beam 11 and the bottom cross beam 12 and are matched with the top cross beam 11 and the bottom cross beam 12 to form a rectangular frame structure, grooves 14 are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the top cross beam 11 and the bottom cross beam 12, the grooves 14 are oppositely arranged, a pile feeding hole 15 is arranged in the middle of the top cross beam 11 in the vertical direction, the pile feeding hole 15 is a through hole, a bottom hole 16 is arranged on the bottom cross beam 12 corresponding to the position right below the pile feeding hole 15, and the bottom hole 16 is a blind hole;
the structure of the pressing component 2 is as follows: including hollow threaded rod 21, spring 22, sleeve 23, dowel steel 24, limiting plate 25, piston 26, loading handle 27 and locating lever 28, sleeve 23 transversely runs through the curb girder 13 of reaction frame 1 one side, just the both ends of sleeve 23 all are provided with the internal thread, the outer end of the relative curb girder 13 of sleeve 23 is connected with hollow threaded rod 21, the inner of the relative curb girder 13 of sleeve 23 is provided with limiting plate 25, threaded connection is passed through on sleeve 23 to the one end of hollow threaded rod 21, the other end of hollow threaded rod 21 is provided with loading handle 27, be provided with locating lever 28 in the sleeve 23, the one end of locating lever 28 inserts in the hollow threaded rod 21, the other end of locating lever 28 is connected on the piston 26 that is located sleeve 23, and piston 26 can move in sleeve 23 along with locating lever 28, the cover is equipped with spring 22 on the locating lever 28 between piston 26 and the hollow threaded rod 21, the dowel bar 24 penetrates through the limiting plate 25, one end of the dowel bar 24 is connected with the piston 26, the other end of the dowel bar 24 is connected with the pressure transmission assembly 3, and a connecting through hole is formed in the side face of the rod end at the connecting position of the dowel bar 24 and the pressure transmission assembly 3;
the structure of the pressure transmission component 3 is as follows: the device comprises bearing plates 31, connecting plates 32, dowel plates 33, U-shaped grooves 34, cushion blocks 35, positioning holes 36 and connecting pins 37, wherein the two bearing plates 31 are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of a model pile 5, the cushion blocks 35 are arranged between the bearing plates 31 and the model pile 5, the bearing plates 31 and the connecting plates 32 are connected together through the two dowel plates 33, the two dowel plates 33 are arranged in a splayed shape, the U-shaped grooves 34 are vertically arranged on the connecting plates 32, the dowel bars 24 are inserted into the U-shaped grooves 34, the positioning holes 36 are vertically arranged on two side faces of the U-shaped grooves 34, and the dowel bars 24 are fixed on the connecting plates 32 through the connecting pins 37 penetrating through the positioning holes 36 and the connecting through holes of the dowel bars 24;
the positioning and adjusting assembly 4 has the structure that: the pile model structure comprises positioning plates 41 and supporting plates 42, wherein the two supporting plates 42 are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of a model pile 5, the upper end and the lower end of each supporting plate 42 are correspondingly arranged in grooves 14 of a top cross beam 11 and a bottom cross beam 12, two rows of preformed holes 43 are longitudinally and equidistantly arranged on each supporting plate 42, each preformed hole 43 comprises a cross beam notch and a test notch, the cross beam notches and the test notches are arranged at intervals up and down, positioning cross beams 44 are arranged in the cross beam notches, the test notches are used for installing pile side displacement sensors, two positioning plates 41 are arranged between the corresponding positioning cross beams 44 on the two supporting plates 42, one ends of the two positioning plates 41 are arranged on the positioning cross beams 44, and the other ends of the two positioning plates 41 are respectively arranged on a bearing plate 31 and a connecting;
the structure of the pile body testing system 6 is as follows: the pressure sensors 61 are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the geometric center of the surface of each pressure bearing plate 31 facing the model pile 5, the displacement sensors 62 are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the test groove openings of the supporting plate 42, and the pressure sensors 61 and the displacement sensors 62 are respectively connected with the pressure sensor control system 63 and the displacement sensor control system 64 which are arranged outside the reaction frame 1;
the structure of the lateral friction system 7 is as follows: including rubber membrane 73, rubber bag 74 and side limit frame 75, side limit frame 75 is a closed square frame structure, the vertical setting of side limit frame 75 is between model stake 5 and backup pad 42, and forms airtight cavity structures with model stake 5 and backup pad 42, rubber bag 74 sets up in this airtight cavity structures, rubber bag 74 is hollow structure, rubber bag 74 passes through the pipeline and is located the pressure boost steady voltage system 77 intercommunication in the counterforce frame 1 outside, rubber bag 74 is pasted on the surface with the contact of model stake 5 and is had rubber membrane 73, rubber membrane 73 is crude towards model stake 5 side surface for simulate the frictional resistance between model stake 5 and the soil interface.
An adjusting rod 46 is vertically arranged at the bottom side of the positioning cross beam 44, threads are arranged on the outer side of the adjusting rod 46, the lower end of the adjusting rod 46 is correspondingly inserted into a jack 47 arranged at the bottom edge of the opening of the cross beam, an adjusting nut 45 is installed, the depth of the jack 47 is larger than the length of the adjusting rod 46, the internal thread of the adjusting nut 45 is matched with the external thread of the adjusting rod 46, and the adjusting nut 45 is rotated to position the upper position and the lower position of the adjusting rod 46, so that the positioning cross beam 44 reaches a corresponding height and keeps.
The dowel bar 24 can only be adjusted up and down in the U-shaped groove 34 and can rotate at a small angle in a vertical plane, so that the axle center or small eccentric loading of the bearing plate can be realized.
The outer sides of the supporting plates 42 on the front side and the rear side of the model pile 5 are provided with stiffening ribs 76, pull rods 71 are arranged between the end portions of the stiffening ribs 76, the pull rods 71 are fixed on the stiffening ribs 76 through nuts 72, the pull rods 71 are located on the left side and the right side of the model pile 5, and the pull rods 71 and the stiffening ribs 76 are matched to form a square frame body for reinforcing the restraint on the rubber bags 74.
The upper side of the counter-force frame 1 is provided with a pile top horizontal loading system 8 and a pile top vertical loading system 9, the pile top horizontal loading system 8 and the pile top vertical loading system 9 are respectively used for applying horizontal circulating force and vertical force to the pile top of the model pile 5 in a grading manner, and horizontal deformation and vertical deformation of the pile top are respectively tested after the horizontal force and the vertical force are applied to the pile top.
Pile bolck level is to loading system 8 sets up in pile sending hole 15, and is located between the inner wall of model pile 5 left side or right side and pile sending hole 15, pile bolck level is to loading system 8's structure: including horizontal cylinder 81, horizontal force sensor 82 and horizontal displacement meter 84, horizontal cylinder 81 level sets up, the cylinder body of horizontal cylinder 81 is fixed on the inner wall of pile feeding hole 15, horizontal cylinder 81 piston rod tip is provided with horizontal atress bearing plate 83, horizontal atress bearing plate 83 is the same width with model pile 5 side, and hugs closely on model pile 5, be provided with horizontal force sensor 82 between horizontal atress bearing plate 83 and the horizontal cylinder 81 piston rod tip, horizontal force sensor 82 is used for detecting the horizontal force that horizontal cylinder 81 applyed, and horizontal force that horizontal cylinder 81 applyed for model pile 5 and the power that subassembly 2 applyed for model pile 5 are on a plane, horizontal displacement meter 84 is installed on two perpendicular opposite faces of model pile 5 and the horizontal loading direction of pile top to be located between the horizontal atress plate 83 of pile top level to loading system 8 and the bearing plate 31 of a set of top layer group pressure-transferring subassembly 3, the horizontal displacement meter 84 is used for testing the horizontal displacement of the pile top after the pile top applies circulating horizontal force in a grading manner;
the vertical pile top loading system 9 is arranged on a top cross beam 11 of the counterforce frame 1, and the vertical pile top loading system 9 is structurally characterized in that: the vertical type pile model test device comprises a vertical upright post 91, a counter-force cross beam 92, a vertical oil cylinder 93, a vertical force sensor 94, a vertical force bearing plate 95 and a vertical displacement meter 96, wherein the counter-force cross beam 92 is arranged on a top cross beam 11 through the vertical upright post 91, the cylinder body of the vertical oil cylinder 93 is arranged on the counter-force cross beam 92, the end part of a piston rod of the vertical oil cylinder 93 is provided with the vertical force bearing plate 95, the vertical force bearing plate 95 is tightly attached to the top side of a model pile 5, the vertical force sensor 94 is arranged between the end part of the piston rod of the vertical force bearing plate 95 and the end part of the piston rod of the vertical oil cylinder 93, the vertical force sensor 94 is used for detecting the vertical force applied by the vertical oil cylinder 93, the vertical displacement meter 96 is arranged on a side fulcrum which is not less than 1 time of the width of the.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
The first embodiment is as follows: horizontal load pile simulation device during constant vertical load bearing of pile top
1. And (4) installing a counterforce frame and a pile top horizontal loading system. Fixing the bottom cross beam of the reaction frame on the ground, making the top surface of the cross beam horizontal, sequentially assembling the two side beams and the top cross beam, keeping the axes of the two side beams on the plumb line, and simultaneously ensuring that the axes of the top cross beam and the bottom cross beam are vertical to the axes of the two side beams to finish the installation of the reaction frame. A horizontal oil cylinder is arranged on the right side wall of a pile feeding hole of the counterforce frame, a horizontal force sensor and a horizontal stress bearing plate are sequentially arranged on a piston rod of the horizontal oil cylinder, and the horizontal oil cylinder is connected with an oil cylinder control system.
2. Determining the calculated pile length of the model pile and the width (B) and the height (D) of the pile section of a lateral soil pressure surface, determining the distribution form and the size of the pile side soil layer along the calculated pile length in the horizontal force loading direction before loading the model pile, determining the pile interface friction force f and the interface friction angle phi of the pile side soil layers on two sides of the model pile in the direction parallel to the horizontal force loading direction, wherein the pile length of the model pile is equal to the calculated pile body length h1+ the reserved pile end length h2+ the reserved pile top length h3 which are determined according to the thickness of the pile side soil layers in a similarity ratio. The reserved length h2 of the pile end is 1B or 100mm, and the two are larger. The reserved length h3 of the pile top can extend out of the cross beam at the top of the counterforce frame by no less than 100 mm. Dividing the pile body simulation length h1 into n equal parts at equal intervals, wherein n is more than or equal to 6, generally 6-10, then determining the midpoint coordinate (i) of each segment, and calculating the p of the lateral soil pressure curve at the corresponding point of the upper m/2(m is the length of the bearing plate) and the lower m/2(m is the length of the bearing plate) by taking the midpoint coordinate (i) of each segment as a base pointi onAnd pi below，pi onAnd pi belowThe soil counter force between the bearing plates is determined linearly near, and the force F required to be applied by the section of the bearing plate is determinediComprises the following steps:
Fi＝(pi on+pi below)Bm/2
The corresponding eccentricity ei is:
ei＝(h/6)×(pi below-pi on)/(pi on+pi below)
Thus, the number of sets a of the pile-side loading device is determinedi(bjJ), wherein any 1 set of pile side loading device ai(bj) Comprises 1 group of pile side pressing components and pressure transmitting components.
3. And mounting front and rear support frames. The front support frame and the rear support frame are symmetrically arranged between the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam about the axis of the stand column, and are vertically fixed in the clamping grooves of the cross beams, and the vertical axes of the front support frame and the rear support frame are ensured to be coincided with a plumb line. Rubber bags are arranged in the inner side limit frames of the front support frame and the rear support frame, a rubber film is pasted on the surface of the rubber bag on one side of the opening (the side of the rubber bag contacted with the model pile), the roughness of the rubber film is determined according to the friction angle of the soil interface of the model-like pile, and the rubber bags are connected with a pressurization and pressure stabilization system through a pressure meter regulating valve. Adjusting rods are arranged in jacks in the notches of the cross beams of the front support frame and the rear support frame, the adjusting rods penetrate through adjusting nuts, the upper ends of the adjusting rods are fixed on the positioning cross beams, and the positioning cross beams are leveled by rotating the adjusting nuts, so that the positioning cross beam is installed. The number of the beam notches on the front support frame and the rear support frame is 2n, and the height of each beam notch is matched with the midpoint coordinate (i) of each subsection of the lateral soil pressure curve.
4. And installing a pile side loading device. The bearing plate, the connecting plate, the force transmission plate, the front positioning rod and the rear positioning rod of the pressure transmission assembly are integral components, the pre-processing is completed, a pressure sensor is installed at a reserved position of the geometric center of the bearing plate, the surface of the sensor facing the model pile is flush with the surface of the bearing plate, and then a cushion block is installed on the surface of one side, facing the model pile, of the bearing plate. Each pressure transmission assembly is placed in the long hole of the corresponding positioning cross beam through the front positioning rod and the rear positioning rod, and when the front positioning rod is installed in the long hole of the positioning cross beam of a certain test notch of the front support frame, the rear positioning rod is installed in the long hole of the positioning cross beam corresponding to the test notch of the rear support frame at the same height as the front support frame. And then installing the matched pressure applying assembly. The sleeves of the 1 group of pressure applying assemblies are fixed in the reserved holes of the side beams of the counterforce frame, and two ends of the sleeves penetrate through the side beams and are reliably fixed with the side beams. The external spring of locating lever is connected with piston and dowel steel in proper order, and the dowel steel passes the stopper and inserts the U type groove and the tank bottom plane contact of connecting plate to it is fixed with the connecting plate through the connecting pin. The other end of the positioning rod in the tube is sleeved in a hollow threaded rod, the threaded rod is connected with the sleeve through a screw thread, and the loading handle is additionally arranged at the outer end of the threaded rod. Thereby completing 1 set of the pile side pressure applying assembly and the pressure transmitting assembly. Repeating the above processes to complete another 1 group of pile side pressure applying assembly and pressure transmitting assembly which are symmetrical with the pile side pressure applying assembly and the pressure transmitting assembly, thus completing any set of pile side loading device. And then all pile side loading devices are installed according to the installation program, and the connecting line of each pressure sensor is connected with a sensor control system.
5. And (5) manufacturing and installing the model pile. Filling a proper amount of filling soil into the bottom hole, compacting according to a certain compactness, then hoisting the prefabricated model pile into a simulation device through a pile feeding hole reserved in the top cross beam, inserting the bottom end of the model pile into the bottom hole, determining the depth of the model pile inserted into the bottom hole according to simulation embedment conditions (free or embedment), adjusting the verticality of the model pile to ensure that the longitudinal axis of the pile coincides with a plumb line, and filling and compacting the peripheral gap of the bottom hole pile by using the filling soil.
6. Adjusting the pile side loading devices to ensure that every 1 set of symmetrically-arranged pile side loading device force transfer plates with the same left and right sides in the pile length range are closely attached to the side surfaces of the model piles through the cushion blocks, and simultaneously determining e corresponding to each pile side loading device set determined by the lateral soil pressure curve in the step 2iAdjusting nuts for 4 sets of positioning beams associated with the set of pile side loading means, when pi below≥pi onWhen the pressure transmission component is arranged at a distance e above the symmetry axis of the pressure application componentiAnd vice versa. Meanwhile, all horizontal pipes on positioning cross beams on two sides of the model pile and horizontal round levels on the pressure transmission assemblies are ensured to be centered, namely, the horizontal pipes are ensured to be distributed on the same horizontal straight line of the normal lines of the pressure transmission plates symmetrically arranged on two sides of the model pile, symmetrical shafts of the pressure application assemblies symmetrically arranged are also on the same horizontal straight line, then nuts on the rotary connecting pins are used for fixing the vertical positions of the pressure transmission rods in the U-shaped grooves, the reliable connection between the pressure transmission rods and the connecting plates is realized, and thus, the horizontal adjustment of the pile side loading device 1 set is completed. And the pile side loading devices are adjusted within all the pile length ranges through the circulation.
7. And applying the soil pressure of the pile side soil layer in the direction parallel to the horizontal force loading direction. F corresponding to each group of pile side loading devices determined according to the step 2iSimultaneously rotating the loading handles at both sides, and adjusting the length of the spring to pre-calculate the applied force F of each segment iiApplying a force FiIs determined according to the reading of the pressure sensor, so that the horizontal force application direction of the model pile parallel to the pile topA symmetrically distributed lateral initial soil pressure curve is applied to both sides. At this time, because the soil pressure on the two sides of the model pile is symmetrically applied, the longitudinal axis of the model pile is vertical to the ground.
8. Pile side friction is applied parallel to the horizontal force loading direction. When the pressurization and pressure stabilization system is debugged, the system works normally, the regulating valve with the pressure gauge is opened to inflate the rubber bag, so that the pressure of the rubber bag reaches the preset pressure, and the pressure is maintained unchanged.
9. And (5) installing a pile body testing system. The pile body testing system is used for measuring the horizontal soil pressure and horizontal displacement changes of different sections of the pile body after the pile top is horizontally loaded, and comprises a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor, a pressure sensor control system and a displacement sensor control system, wherein the displacement sensors are symmetrically arranged at the central point of a gap between model piles and a force transmission plate along the pile length, and are fixed on a displacement support frame. Adjusting the displacement sensors, recording the initial reading of each displacement sensor, and testing the horizontal deformation of the pile body after the pile top applies horizontal force; and the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor are respectively connected with a pressure sensor control system and a displacement sensor control system which are arranged outside the counterforce frame.
10. And (5) installing a pile top horizontal force loading device. The oil cylinder base is fixed on the side wall of one side of the pile feeding hole of the counter-force frame, the piston rod of the other side is sequentially provided with the force sensor and the bearing plate, and the bearing plate is closely attached to the surface of the side face width B of the model pile.
11. And (5) installing a pile top horizontal force and displacement detection system. The sensor is connected with the sensor control system, and is debugged to work normally. The horizontal displacement meter is arranged on two opposite surfaces of the model pile, which are vertical to the horizontal loading direction, and the height of the horizontal displacement meter is 2, which is arranged between a horizontal stress bearing plate of the pile top horizontal loading system and a bearing plate of the topmost group of pressure transmission assemblies. And adjusting the displacement meters, recording the initial reading of each displacement meter, and testing the horizontal displacement of the pile top after the pile top applies circulating horizontal force in a grading manner.
12. And (5) installing a pile top vertical loading system. The counter-force beam is connected with the top beam of the counter-force frame through the longitudinal upright column, the longitudinal oil cylinder base is connected with the counter-force beam, the longitudinal force sensor and the longitudinal stress bearing plate are sequentially installed on the piston rod on the other side, the axis of the longitudinal oil cylinder and the longitudinal axis of the model pile are kept to be located on the same straight line, and the longitudinal stress bearing plate is in contact with the top surface of the model pile through the geometric center of the longitudinal stress bearing plate. The longitudinal oil cylinder is connected with an oil cylinder control system through an oil pipe.
13. And detecting the vertical force and displacement of the pile top. The sensor is connected with the sensor control system, and is debugged to work normally. And (3) mounting the displacement meter on a side fulcrum which is not less than 1 time of the width of the model pile below the top surface of the model pile, and recording the initial reading of each displacement meter for testing the vertical deformation of the vertically applied rear pile top.
14. The pile top exerts a constant vertical force. The axis of the adjusting oil cylinder before loading and the longitudinal axis of the model pile are positioned on the same straight line and pass through the geometric center of the bearing plate, the oil cylinder is connected with an oil cylinder control system through an oil pipe, the sensor is connected with a sensor control system, the displacement meter is installed on a side pivot of the top surface of the model pile, which is 1B away from the pile top, a certain pressure is applied to the oil cylinder, whether all vertical loading and testing systems work normally or not is checked, and then the unloading is zero. And after the loading system is normally debugged, adjusting the displacement meters, recording the initial reading of each displacement meter, and applying a vertical constant load P to the model pile.
15. The method comprises the steps of pile top horizontal load pile loading simulation and pile structure deformation and internal force test. According to the technical specification for detecting the building pile foundation (JGJ106), the model pile is horizontally loaded by adopting a slow-speed load maintaining method, and the unidirectional multi-cycle graded load H i1/10 for the predicted horizontal ultimate bearing capacity or maximum test load H; after each level of load is applied and the load is kept constant for 4min, the horizontal displacement can be measured and read, then the load is unloaded to zero, the residual horizontal displacement is measured and read after stopping 2min, so that a loading cycle is completed, the cycle is repeated for 5 times, the displacement observation of the level of load is completed, and the test cannot be stopped in the middle. During this process, the readings of the pile tip displacement meter are recorded simultaneously.
16. And analogizing in sequence to finish all the grading loading, and simultaneously recording the readings of the pile top horizontal displacement meter and the vertical displacement meter before and after each loading, the horizontal displacement of each section of the pile body and the readings of the pressure sensors, thereby finishing the simulation test of the horizontal loaded pile. And processing the data to obtain the internal force of the horizontal loaded pile and the horizontal displacement of different positions of the pile length when the pile top bears vertical constant load.
Example two: pile top horizontal load-bearing pile simulation device.
1. The manufacturing of the model pile, the installation of the model pile device and the loading of the initial soil pressure on the side surface of the horizontally loaded model pile are the same as the steps 1-11 in the embodiment, and the soil pressure on the side surface of the model pile 2 is assumed to be segmented into the length m of the soil layer thickness.
2. The method comprises the steps of pile top horizontal load pile loading simulation and pile structure deformation and internal force test. Loading the test pile by adopting a slow-speed load maintaining method for the model pile through building pile foundation detection technical specification (JGJ106), wherein the unidirectional multi-cycle graded load is not greater than 1/10 of the estimated horizontal ultimate bearing capacity or the maximum test load; after each level of load is applied and the load is kept constant for 4min, the horizontal displacement can be measured and read, then the load is unloaded to zero, the residual horizontal displacement is measured and read after stopping 2min, so that a loading cycle is completed, the cycle is repeated for 5 times, the displacement observation of the level of load is completed, and the test cannot be stopped in the middle.
3. And analogizing in turn to finish all the graded loading, and simultaneously recording the readings of the pile top displacement meter before and after each loading, the horizontal displacement of each section of the pile body and the readings of the pressure sensor, thereby finishing the simulation test of the horizontal loaded pile. And processing the data to obtain the internal force of the horizontal loaded pile and the horizontal displacement of different positions of the pile length.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a simulation device of equivalent horizontal loaded pile atress process and load transmission mechanism which characterized in that: the device comprises a counterforce frame (1), a pressing component (2), a pressure transmission component (3), a positioning and adjusting component (4), a model pile (5), a pile body testing system (6) and a lateral friction system (7); the pressure applying components (2) are symmetrically arranged on the side surfaces of two sides of the reaction frame (1), the pressure transmitting components (3) and the positioning adjusting components (4) are correspondingly arranged on the pressure applying components (2) and are respectively positioned in the reaction frame (1), wherein the pressure transmitting components (3) are correspondingly arranged on the pressure applying components (2) and are respectively positioned on the left side and the right side of the model pile (5), the positioning adjusting components (4) are correspondingly arranged on the pressure transmitting components (3) and are respectively positioned on the front side and the rear side of the model pile (5), two groups of lateral friction systems (7) are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the model pile (5), the lateral friction systems (7) are positioned between the positioning adjusting components (4) and the model pile (5), the pressure applying components (2) and the pressure transmitting components (3) are correspondingly connected together to apply load to the model pile (5) arranged in the reaction frame (1), the pile body testing system (6) is used for testing the model pile (5) and measuring the horizontal soil pressure and horizontal displacement changes of different sections of the pile body after the pile top is horizontally loaded;
the reaction frame (1) is a rectangular closed frame, the reaction frame (1) comprises a top cross beam (11), a bottom cross beam (12) and a side beam (13), the top cross beam (11) and the bottom cross beam (12) are both horizontally arranged, the two side beams (13) are vertically arranged between the top cross beam (11) and the bottom cross beam (12), forms a rectangular frame structure by matching with the top beam (11) and the bottom beam (12), the inner sides of the top cross beam (11) and the bottom cross beam (12) are both provided with grooves (14), the grooves (14) are oppositely arranged, the middle part of the top cross beam (11) is provided with a pile feeding hole (15) in the vertical direction, the pile feeding holes (15) are through holes, bottom holes (16) are formed in the bottom cross beams (12) corresponding to the positions right below the pile feeding holes (15), and the bottom holes (16) are blind holes;
the pressing assembly (2) is structurally characterized in that: comprises a hollow threaded rod (21), a spring (22), a sleeve (23), a dowel bar (24), a limiting plate (25), a piston (26), a loading handle (27) and a positioning rod (28), wherein the sleeve (23) transversely penetrates through a side beam (13) on one side of a reaction frame (1), internal threads are arranged at two ends of the sleeve (23), the outer end of the relative side beam (13) of the sleeve (23) is connected with the hollow threaded rod (21), the limiting plate (25) is arranged at the inner end of the relative side beam (13) of the sleeve (23), one end of the hollow threaded rod (21) is connected onto the sleeve (23) through threads, the other end of the hollow threaded rod (21) is provided with the loading handle (27), the positioning rod (28) is arranged in the sleeve (23), one end of the positioning rod (28) is inserted into the hollow threaded rod (21), the other end of the positioning rod (28) is connected onto the piston (26) positioned in the, the piston (26) can move in the sleeve (23) along with the positioning rod (28), a spring (22) is sleeved on the positioning rod (28) between the piston (26) and the hollow threaded rod (21), the dowel bar (24) penetrates through the limiting plate (25), one end of the dowel bar (24) is connected with the piston (26), the other end of the dowel bar (24) is connected with the pressure transfer component (3), and a connecting through hole is formed in the side face of the rod end at the joint of the dowel bar (24) and the pressure transfer component (3);
the structure of the pressure transmission component (3) is as follows: comprises bearing plates (31), connecting plates (32), a dowel plate (33), a U-shaped groove (34), cushion blocks (35), positioning holes (36) and connecting pins (37), wherein the two bearing plates (31) are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of a model pile (5), and a cushion block (35) is arranged between the bearing plate (31) and the model pile (5), the bearing plate (31) and the connecting plate (32) are connected together through two force transfer plates (33), the two force transfer plates (33) are arranged in a splayed shape, a U-shaped groove (34) is vertically arranged on the connecting plate (32), the dowel bar (24) is inserted into the U-shaped groove (34), two side surfaces of the U-shaped groove (34) are vertically provided with positioning holes (36), the dowel bar (24) is fixed on the connecting plate (32) through a connecting pin (37) penetrating through the positioning hole (36) and a connecting through hole of the dowel bar (24);
the positioning and adjusting assembly (4) is structurally characterized in that: comprises a positioning plate (41) and supporting plates (42), the two supporting plates (42) are respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of a model pile (5), and the upper and lower ends of the supporting plate (42) are correspondingly arranged in the grooves (14) of the top cross beam (11) and the bottom cross beam (12), two rows of preformed holes (43) are longitudinally and equidistantly arranged on the supporting plate (42), the preformed holes (43) comprise a beam notch and a test notch, the beam notch and the test notch are arranged at intervals up and down, a positioning beam (44) is arranged in the beam notch, the test notch is used for mounting a pile side displacement sensor, two positioning plates (41) are arranged between corresponding positioning cross beams (44) on two supporting plates (42), one ends of the two positioning plates (41) are arranged on the positioning cross beams (44), and the other ends of the two positioning plates (41) are respectively arranged on the bearing plate (31) and the connecting plate (32);
the pile body testing system (6) is structurally characterized in that: the pressure sensors (61), the displacement sensors (62), the pressure sensor control system (63) and the displacement sensor control system (64) are included, the pressure sensors (61) are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the geometric center of the surface of each pressure bearing plate (31) facing the model pile (5), the displacement sensors (62) are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the test groove openings of the supporting plate (42), and the pressure sensors (61) and the displacement sensors (62) are respectively connected with the pressure sensor control system (63) and the displacement sensor control system (64) which are arranged outside the reaction frame (1);
the structure of the lateral friction system (7) is as follows: the device comprises a rubber membrane (73), a rubber bag (74) and a side limiting frame (75), wherein the side limiting frame (75) is of a closed square frame structure, the side limiting frame (75) is vertically arranged between a model pile (5) and a supporting plate (42) and forms a closed chamber structure with the model pile (5) and the supporting plate (42), the rubber bag (74) is arranged in the closed chamber structure, the rubber bag (74) is of a hollow structure and is communicated with a pressurization and pressure stabilization system (77) positioned on the outer side of a counterforce frame (1) through a pipeline, the rubber membrane (73) is adhered to the surface of the rubber bag (74) in contact with the model pile (5), and the surface of one side, facing the model pile (5), of the rubber membrane (73) is rough and is used for simulating the frictional resistance between the model pile (5) and a soil interface;
a pile top horizontal loading system (8) and a pile top vertical loading system (9) are arranged on the upper side of the counter-force frame (1), the pile top horizontal loading system (8) and the pile top vertical loading system (9) are respectively used for applying horizontal circulating force and vertical force to the pile top of the model pile (5) in a grading manner, and horizontal deformation and vertical deformation of the pile top are respectively tested after the horizontal force and the vertical force are applied to the pile top;
pile bolck level is to loading system (8) setting in pile feeding hole (15), and is located between the inner wall of model pile (5) left side or right side and pile feeding hole (15), the structure of pile bolck level to loading system (8) is: including horizontal cylinder (81), horizontal force sensor (82) and horizontal displacement meter (84), horizontal cylinder (81) level sets up, the cylinder body of horizontal cylinder (81) is fixed on the inner wall of sending stake hole (15), horizontal cylinder (81) piston rod tip is provided with horizontal atress bearing plate (83), horizontal atress bearing plate (83) is the same width with model stake (5) side, and hugs closely on model stake (5), be provided with horizontal force sensor (82) between horizontal atress bearing plate (83) and horizontal cylinder (81) piston rod tip, horizontal force sensor (82) are used for detecting the horizontal force that horizontal cylinder (81) was applyed, just horizontal force that horizontal cylinder (81) were applyed model stake (5) and subassembly (2) of exerting pressure are applyed on a plane for model stake (5), horizontal displacement meter (84) are installed on two opposite faces perpendicular with the horizontal loading direction of model stake top (5), and the horizontal displacement meter (84) is used for testing the horizontal displacement of the pile top after the pile top applies circulating horizontal force in stages.
2. The simulation device for the stress process and the load transmission mechanism of the equivalent horizontal loaded pile according to claim 1, characterized in that an adjusting rod (46) is vertically arranged at the bottom side of the positioning cross beam (44), threads are arranged on the outer side of the adjusting rod (46), the lower end of the adjusting rod (46) is correspondingly inserted into a jack (47) arranged at the bottom edge of the notch of the cross beam, an adjusting nut (45) is installed, the depth of the jack (47) is greater than the length of the adjusting rod (46), the internal threads of the adjusting nut (45) are matched with the external threads of the adjusting rod (46), and the positioning cross beam (44) is enabled to reach the corresponding height and keep horizontal by rotating the adjusting nut (45) to position the upper position and the lower position of the adjusting rod (46).
3. The device for simulating the stress process and the load transfer mechanism of the equivalent horizontal loaded pile according to claim 1, wherein the dowel bar (24) can only be adjusted up and down in the U-shaped groove (34) and can rotate at a small angle in a vertical plane, so that the axial center or small eccentric loading of the bearing plate can be realized.
4. The simulation device for the stress process and the load transmission mechanism of the equivalent horizontal loaded pile according to claim 1, characterized in that stiffening ribs (76) are arranged on the outer sides of the support plates (42) on the front and rear sides of the model pile (5), pull rods (71) are arranged between the ends of the stiffening ribs (76), the pull rods (71) are fixed on the stiffening ribs (76) through nuts (72), the pull rods (71) are arranged on the left and right sides of the model pile (5), and the pull rods (71) and the stiffening ribs (76) are matched to form a square frame body for enhancing the constraint of the rubber bag (74).
5. The simulation device for the stress process and the load transfer mechanism of the equivalent horizontal loaded pile according to claim 1, wherein the pile top vertical loading system (9) is arranged on a top cross beam (11) of the counterforce frame (1), and the structure of the pile top vertical loading system (9) is as follows: the device comprises a longitudinal upright post (91), a counter-force beam (92), a longitudinal oil cylinder (93), a longitudinal force sensor (94), a longitudinal stress bearing plate (95) and a longitudinal displacement meter (96), wherein the counter-force beam (92) is arranged on a top beam (11) through the longitudinal upright post (91), the cylinder body of the longitudinal oil cylinder (93) is arranged on the counter-force beam (92), the end part of a piston rod of the longitudinal oil cylinder (93) is provided with the longitudinal stress bearing plate (95), the longitudinal stress bearing plate (95) is tightly attached to the top side of a model pile (5), the longitudinal force sensor (94) is arranged between the longitudinal stress bearing plate (95) and the end part of the piston rod of the longitudinal oil cylinder (93), the longitudinal force sensor (94) is used for detecting the longitudinal force applied by the longitudinal oil cylinder (93), and the longitudinal displacement meter (96) is arranged on a side fulcrum which is not less than 1 time of the width of the model pile (5) below the top surface of the, the longitudinal displacement meter (96) is used for testing the vertical displacement of the pile top.
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| JPH0684929B2 (en) * | 1988-03-26 | 1994-10-26 | 動力炉・核燃料開発事業団 | Inpile creep test equipment |
| CN103821185A (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2014-05-28 | 河南科技大学 | Model pile foundation with horizontal dynamic loading devices |
| CN105002938A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-10-28 | 浙江大学 | One-dimensional horizontal circulation load loading device and experiment method thereof |
| CN105604106A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-05-25 | 清华大学 | Ocean engineering pile foundation experiment simulation apparatus and method under long-term horizontal cyclic loading |
| CN206189478U (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-05-24 | 武汉科技大学 | Horizontal pile foundation single pile horizontal load test device |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0684929B2 (en) * | 1988-03-26 | 1994-10-26 | 動力炉・核燃料開発事業団 | Inpile creep test equipment |
| CN103821185A (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2014-05-28 | 河南科技大学 | Model pile foundation with horizontal dynamic loading devices |
| CN105002938A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-10-28 | 浙江大学 | One-dimensional horizontal circulation load loading device and experiment method thereof |
| CN105604106A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-05-25 | 清华大学 | Ocean engineering pile foundation experiment simulation apparatus and method under long-term horizontal cyclic loading |
| CN206189478U (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-05-24 | 武汉科技大学 | Horizontal pile foundation single pile horizontal load test device |
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