CN211849649U - Centrifugal model test device for determining the vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of pile foundations - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a centrifugal model test device for measuring the vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of a pile foundation, comprising a model box, a transverse support, a first model pile, a second model pile, a first hydraulic jack, a second hydraulic jack, a first servo a valve, a second servo valve, a vertical displacement sensor, a horizontal displacement sensor and soil for the model; the model box is divided into a main test box and an auxiliary test box by a partition plate and an adjustable support, and the transverse support is erected above the model box, The transverse support includes a long truss and a short truss, and the long truss is provided with a first backing plate and a second backing plate. The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utility model can directly measure the pile top settlement and the axial force distribution law of the pile body under the action of vertical loads at all levels through the vertical displacement sensor and the first model pile pasted with the strain gauge, Draw the load-settlement curve and the settlement-time curve, etc., to accurately obtain the ultimate vertical compressive bearing capacity of the pile foundation.

Description

Centrifugal model test device for determining the vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of pile foundations

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of geotechnical centrifugal model testing, in particular to a centrifugal model testing device for measuring the vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacities of pile foundations.

Background technique

For complex geotechnical engineering problems, the most commonly used test methods include field test, scale model test and geotechnical centrifugal model test. Since soil is a material closely related to the gravitational field, soil properties are also stress-dependent. Therefore, the centripetal acceleration generated by the high rotation of the centrifuge in the geotechnical centrifugal model test (hypergravity model test) increases the model's dead weight to be basically the same as the prototype, which can truly simulate the existence of the gravitational field, reproduce the actual stress state of the project, and show a better performance than the prototype. The constant gravity small-scale model test is more in line with the advantages of the prototype, and is currently recognized as the most advanced and effective test method, and has been more and more widely used in the scientific research of geotechnical engineering.

At present, when the geotechnical centrifugal model test is used to study the geotechnical problems related to piles, it is often necessary to consider the stress state of the pile foundation. For example, when studying the pile foundation problems in projects such as pile-supported embankments and high-rise buildings, it is necessary to consider the vertical acting loads generated by the structures (structures) above the pile foundations; in the study of retaining walls, offshore docks and other projects When considering the pile foundation problem, it is necessary to consider the horizontal acting load caused by the wind force, sea wave, earthquake and other factors. When studying the pile foundation problems of bridge piers, abutments, passive piles, etc., it is necessary to consider both the vertical action load and the horizontal action load of the pile foundation. It can be seen that before using the geotechnical centrifugal model test to carry out related research, it is necessary to determine the vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of the pile foundation, and then judge the stress state of the pile foundation. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a centrifugal model test device for measuring the vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of pile foundations.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a centrifugal model test device for measuring the vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of pile foundations, which can use a scaled model to truly simulate the vertical direction of a single pile in a state of ultra-high gravity. Compressive static load test and single pile horizontal static load test, the data are true and reliable.

This centrifugal model test device for measuring the vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of a pile foundation includes a model box, a transverse support, a first model pile, a second model pile, a first hydraulic jack, a second hydraulic jack, a first servo valve, The second servo valve, the vertical displacement sensor, the horizontal displacement sensor and the soil for the model; the model box is divided into a main test box and an auxiliary test box by a partition plate and an adjustable support, the transverse support is erected above the model box, and the The transverse support includes a long truss and a short truss, a first backing plate and a second backing plate are arranged on the long truss, and the first model pile and the second model pile both comprise a pile body pasted with semiconductor strain gauges and a pile body arranged on the pile. The pile cap on the top of the body, the first hydraulic jack and the second hydraulic jack both include an oil cylinder, a piston, an oil inlet valve and an oil return valve, and a first servo valve, a second servo valve and a monitoring camera are installed on the top of the model box. Both the first servo valve and the second servo valve include an oil inlet valve, an oil return valve and a control valve, the vertical displacement sensor and the horizontal displacement sensor include a clamp block, a waveguide and a movable magnetic ring, and the model is laid horizontally with soil in the main test chamber.

Preferably: the adjustable support includes a turnbuckle screw, a rotating rod and a support seat, the center of the turnbuckle screw is provided with a rotating rod, and the two ends of the turnbuckle screw are provided with support seats; the adjustable support is supported between the model box wall and the partition .

Preferably, the long truss of the transverse support spans the model box, the short truss is welded on both ends of the long truss, and the short truss is anchored in the chute on the top of the box wall by bolts.

Preferably, the pile body is a hollow aluminum alloy tube structure sealed at the bottom, the outer side of the pile body is evenly coated with a layer of epoxy resin glue to protect the semiconductor strain gauge, and the top of the pile body and the tube cap are fastened with screws.

As a preference: the semiconductor strain gauges are distributed at equal intervals vertically along the pile body, two pairs of semiconductor strain gauges in the same cross section are symmetrically pasted on both sides of the pile body, and the wires pass through the micro holes of the pile body and the U-shape at the bottom of the cap in turn. The holes are assembled into bundles and finally connected to the data acquisition instrument suspended on the side wall of the model box.

Preferably: the two pairs of semiconductor strain gauges in the same cross section of the first model pile and the second model pile are connected by a Wheatstone bridge, and each pair of semiconductor strain gauges on the same side of the first model pile and the second model pile are connected by a Wheatstone bridge. They are distributed vertically and parallel to each other.

Preferably: the oil cylinder of the first hydraulic jack is vertically fixed in the first backing plate on the horizontal support, the first backing plate slides laterally along the chute of the long truss, and the lower end of the piston of the first hydraulic jack is connected and pasted with a vertical The vertical extension rod of the pressure sensor is located on the same central axis as the first model pile; the oil cylinder of the second hydraulic jack is horizontally fixed on the base in the attached test box, and the right side of the piston of the second hydraulic jack is connected The horizontal extension rod is pasted with the horizontal pressure sensor, and a U-shaped cushion block is arranged between the horizontal extension rod and the left pile body of the second model pile.

Preferably, the oil inlet valve and oil return valve of the first servo valve are connected with the oil inlet valve and oil return valve of the first hydraulic jack through oil pipes, and the oil inlet valve and oil return valve of the second servo valve are connected with the second hydraulic jack. The oil inlet valve and oil return valve of the hydraulic jack are correspondingly connected through the oil pipe, and the control valve is connected to the data acquisition instrument through the wire.

Preferably, the waveguides of the vertical displacement sensor and the horizontal displacement sensor are vertically fixed on the first pad and the second pad respectively through the clamp block and the connecting rod, and the movable magnetic ring of the vertical displacement sensor is against the vertical extension. The surface of the transverse rib on the rod moves synchronously with it, and the movable magnetic ring of the horizontal displacement sensor abuts on the right side of the second model pile at the ground surface.

The beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

1. The utility model can effectively simulate the vertical compressive static load test of a single pile and the horizontal static load test of a single pile by using a scaled model, and reproduce the bearing performance of the pile foundation. Displacement measurement error, the data is true and reliable, and provides a scientific basis for judging the stress state of the pile foundation.

2. The utility model can directly measure the pile top settlement and the axial force distribution law of the pile body under the action of vertical loads at all levels through the vertical displacement sensor and the first model pile pasted with the strain gauge, and draw the load-settlement curve. and settlement-time curve, etc., to accurately obtain the ultimate vertical compressive bearing capacity of the pile foundation.

3. The utility model can directly measure the pile top rotation angle and the bending moment distribution law of the pile body under the action of horizontal loads at all levels through the horizontal displacement sensor and the second model pile pasted with the strain gauge, calculate the deflection and deformation of the pile body, and draw The horizontal force-time-action point displacement relationship curve and the horizontal force-displacement gradient relationship curve are obtained, and the horizontal critical and ultimate bearing capacity of the pile foundation can be accurately obtained.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a centrifugal model test apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the centrifugal model test apparatus.

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustable support.

4 is a schematic structural diagram of the x-axis direction, the y-axis direction and the cross section of the pile body of the first model pile (wherein Figure a is a schematic diagram of the x-axis direction of the first model pile, and Figure b is a schematic diagram of the y-axis direction of the first model pile , Figure c is a 1-1 cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first model pile).

5 is a schematic diagram of the x-axis direction, the y-axis direction and the cross-section of the pile body of the second model pile (wherein Figure a is a schematic diagram of the x-axis direction of the second model pile, and Figure b is a schematic diagram of the y-axis direction of the second model pile , Figure c is a 2-2 cross-sectional schematic diagram of the second model pile).

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a method for gluing strain gauges of the first model pile and the second model pile (Fig. a is a schematic diagram of the method of gluing strain gauges of the first model pile, and Fig. b is a schematic diagram of the method of gluing strain gauges of the second model pile).

FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of area A of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of area B of FIG. 1 .

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the centrifugal model test device on the geotechnical centrifuge.

Description of reference numerals: 1-model box, 2-transverse bracket, 3-first model pile, 4-second model pile, 5-first hydraulic jack, 6-second hydraulic jack, 7-first servo valve, 8-Second servo valve, 9-Vertical displacement sensor, 10-Horizontal displacement sensor, 11-Model soil, 12-Clapboard, 13-Adjustable support, 14-Main body test box, 15-Auxiliary test box, 16- Long truss, 17-short truss, 18-semiconductor strain gauge, 19-pile body, 20-pile cap, 21-oil cylinder, 22-piston, 23-oil inlet valve, 24-oil return valve, 25-control valve, 26 - Fixture block, 27-waveguide, 28-movable magnetic ring, 29-turnbuckle, 30-rotating rod, 31-support base, 32-bolt, 33-epoxy glue, 34-screw, 35-wire, 36 -Pile body micro-hole, 37-U-shaped hole, 38-Data acquisition instrument, 39-Vertical extension rod, 40-Base, 41-Horizontal extension rod, 42-U-shaped spacer block, 43-Connecting rod, 44-Horizontal extension rod Rib, 45-First pad, 46-Second pad, 47-Chute, 48-Vertical pressure sensor, 49-Horizontal pressure sensor, 50-Monitoring camera, 51-Geotechnical centrifuge, 52-Hanging basket Platform, 53 - Counterweight.

Detailed ways

The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments. The descriptions of the following embodiments are only used to assist the understanding of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principles of the present utility model, some improvements and modifications can also be made to the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall into the protection of the claims of the present utility model. within the range.

The utility model provides a centrifugal model test device for measuring the vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of a pile foundation. This embodiment takes the friction pile in a homogeneous soil layer as the research object, and the specific implementation method includes the following steps:

step one:

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , an aluminum alloy partition plate 12 is installed in the model box 1 to divide it into a main test box 14 and an auxiliary test box 15 , and multiple channels are evenly installed in the auxiliary test box 15 as shown in FIG. 3 The pair of adjustable supports 13 are supported between the box wall and the partition 12 . Adjust the rotating rod 30 of the adjustable support 13 to keep the partition 12 vertical and stable, and finally seal the gap between the partition 12 and the box wall and the box bottom with glass glue.

Step 2:

Making the first model pile 3: As shown in Figure 4, the pile body 19 is made of a hollow aluminum alloy tube, and piles with a diameter of 1/10 of the pile diameter are evenly distributed from top to bottom on both sides of the pile body 19 in the y-axis direction. Body micro-holes 36, sealing the bottom of the pile. The upper part of the aluminum alloy pile cap 20 is a circular entity, and the lower part is a hollow circular tube. A U-shaped hole 37 is opened at the lower left of the circular entity along the x-axis direction, which communicates with the hollow circular tube. The outer diameter of the hollow circular tube is the same as the inner diameter of the aluminum alloy tube of the pile body, so that the pile cap 20 is fitted in the pile body 19 exactly.

Along the y-axis direction, a pair of semiconductor strain gauges 18 are vertically cross-pasted under the pile body micro-holes 36 on both sides of the pile body 19, and the marked wires 35 pass through the pile body micro-holes 36 and then pass from the U-shaped hole 37 inside the pile body. wear out. Two pairs of semiconductor strain gauges 18 with the same cross section are connected by a Wheatstone bridge as shown in FIG. 6a. After all the wires 35 are passed through the U-shaped hole 37 and assembled into a bundle, tighten the screws 34 on both sides of the pile body 19 to strengthen the connection with the pile cap 20, and then evenly apply a layer of epoxy to protect the semiconductor strain gauge 18 on the outside of the pile body. Resin glue 33. Finally, the axial force of the pile body is calibrated on the testing machine, and the relationship curve between the axial force of the pile body and the voltage at different cross-sections is obtained.

Making the second model pile 4: As shown in Figure 5, the pile body micro-holes 36 with a diameter of 1/10 of the pile diameter are evenly distributed from top to bottom on both sides of the pile body 19 in the x-axis direction. A U-shaped hole 37 is opened at the lower left of the shaped entity along the x-axis direction to communicate with the hollow circular tube.

Along the x-axis direction, a pair of semiconductor strain gauges 18 are attached in parallel below the pile body micro-holes 36 on both sides of the pile body 19 . Two pairs of semiconductor strain gauges 18 with the same cross section are connected by a Wheatstone bridge as shown in FIG. 6b. After all the wires 35 pass through the micro-holes 36 of the pile body and go out from the U-shaped hole 37 inside the pile body to form a bundle, tighten the screws 34 on both sides of the pile body 19, and then evenly apply a layer of protective semiconductor strain gauges on the outside of the pile body. 18 of epoxy glue 33. Finally, the bending moment of the pile body is calibrated on the testing machine, and the relationship curve between the bending moment and the voltage of the pile body at different cross-sections is obtained.

Step 3:

1 and 2, according to the design positions of the first model pile 3 and the second model pile 4, mark the size scale on the inner wall of the main body test box 14 as a reference line, and use a temporary fixing device to locate and install the first model pile 3 and the second model pile 3. Model pile 4, a horizontal ruler assists to ensure its verticality. As shown in FIG. 7 , the semiconductor strain gauges 18 of the second model pile 4 should be consistent with the direction in which the horizontal load is applied, so as to ensure that the bending moment of the pile body can be measured. The first model pile 3 and the second model pile 4 are located on the same horizontal line, and the pile spacing should not be less than 6 times the pile diameter to avoid mutual influence due to pile group effect. Then, the soil 11 for the model is layered and homogeneously laid by the sand rain method or the like. Finally, the first servo valve 7 , the second servo valve 8 and the monitoring camera 50 are installed on the top of the model box 1 , the camera angle is adjusted so that the image covers most of the subject test box 14 , and the data acquisition instrument 38 is suspended outside the model box 1 .

Step 4:

As shown in FIGS. 1 , 2 and 8 , the cylinder 21 of the first hydraulic jack 5 is vertically fixed in the first backing plate 45 , and the lower end of the piston 22 is connected to the vertically extending rod 39 with the vertical pressure sensor 48 pasted. Slide the transverse support 2 longitudinally (y-axis direction) along the chute 47 at the top of the box wall of the model box 1, while sliding the first backing plate 45 laterally (x-axis direction) along the chute 47 of the long truss 16 until the first hydraulic pressure The vertically extending rod 39 of the jack 5 is located on the same central axis as the first model pile 3 . Subsequently, the short truss 17 and the first backing plate 45 are fixed by the bolts 32, and the oil inlet valve 23 and the oil return valve 24 of the first hydraulic jack 5 and the first servo valve 7 are correspondingly connected by oil pipes. The control valve 25 is connected to the data acquisition instrument 38 by wires.

Step 5:

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 7, the oil cylinder 21 of the second hydraulic jack 6 is installed horizontally on the base 40 in the auxiliary test box 15, and the right end of the piston 22 is connected to the horizontal extension rod 41 with the horizontal pressure sensor 49 pasted, Make it on the same level as the second model pile 4, and at the same time attach the U-shaped spacer 42 to the left side of the pile body to prevent damage to the epoxy resin glue 33 on the surface of the pile body due to direct contact force. Then, use oil pipes to connect the oil inlet valve 23 and oil return valve 24 of the second hydraulic jack 6 and the second servo valve 8 correspondingly, and connect the control valve 25 of the second hydraulic jack 6 to the data acquisition instrument 38 through wires. In order to prevent the oil pipe and wire from being broken when rotating at high speed, a cable tie is used to bind and fix it.

Step 6:

As shown in FIG. 9 , the model box 1 is moved to the right hanging basket platform 52 of the geocentrifuge 51 . As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the vertical displacement sensor 9 and the horizontal displacement sensor 10 are calibrated and installed. When the depth of the movable magnetic ring 28 embedded in the waveguide 27 changes, the sensor voltage also changes. The displacement obtained by calibration The linear relationship with the voltage can be calculated to obtain the pile top settlement and horizontal displacement.

Among them, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 8 , the waveguide 27 of the vertical displacement sensor 9 is vertically fixed on the first backing plate 45 through the clamp block 26 and the connecting rod 43 , and the movable magnetic ring 28 abuts on the vertical extension rod 39 the surface of the transverse rib 44 and move synchronously with it. After the vertical extension rod 39 is in contact with the pile cap 20, the pile top settlement of the first model pile 3 under the action of vertical loads at various levels can be measured.

As shown in Figures 1 and 7, two horizontal displacement sensors 10 are arranged in parallel at the top and bottom of the pile body of the second model pile 4 adjacent to the ground surface, so as to calculate the pile top rotation angle under the action of horizontal loads at all levels. The waveguide 27 is vertically fixed on the second backing plate 46 through the clamp block 26 and the connecting rod 43 , and the movable magnetic ring 28 is pressed against the right side of the pile body 19 of the second model pile 4 .

Step seven:

As shown in FIG. 9 , according to the total weight of the model box 1 and the torque balance relationship, the counterweight 53 is calculated and fixed on the hanging basket platform 52 on the left side of the geotechnical centrifuge 51 . After the debugging and checking are correct, start the geotechnical centrifuge 51, gradually accelerate the rotation to the required gravitational acceleration, and monitor the working state of the centrifuge in real time. A remote computer is used to activate the first hydraulic jack 5 and the second hydraulic jack 6 through the control valves 25 of the first servo valve 7 and the second servo valve 8, respectively, and the vertical resistance of the first model pile 3 is carried out by using the slow maintenance load method. Compressive static load test and horizontal static load test of the second model pile 4 .

For the vertical compressive static load test of the first model pile 3 , as shown in FIG. 1 , after the first hydraulic jack 5 is started, the vertical extension rod 39 moves down slowly, and the movable magnetic ring 28 of the vertical displacement sensor 9 follows it. Move down synchronously; when the vertical extension rod 39 is in contact with the pile cap 20, the reading of the vertical pressure sensor 48 begins to change, and the reading of the vertical displacement sensor 9 is recorded as the initial value; subsequently, the vertical extension rod 39 continues to move down and apply step by step When the vertical load is applied, the pile foundation settles accordingly, during which the changes of the vertical pressure sensor 48 and the vertical displacement sensor 9 are recorded.

For the horizontal static load test of the second model pile 4, as shown in Fig. 1, the reading of the horizontal displacement sensor 10 is recorded as the initial value before starting the second hydraulic jack 6; The pad 42 is in contact, and the reading of the horizontal pressure sensor 49 begins to change; then, the horizontal extension rod 41 continues to move to the right to apply a horizontal load step by step, and the pile body undergoes a horizontal displacement, during which the changes of the horizontal pressure sensor 49 and the horizontal displacement sensor 10 are recorded.

Step 8:

According to the provisions of the relevant specifications for the slow maintenance load method, when the test reaches the termination loading condition, the geotechnical centrifuge 51 is turned off. Process the test data of the first model pile 3, draw the load-settlement curve and the settlement-time curve, etc., to determine the ultimate vertical compressive bearing capacity of the single pile; process the test data of the second model pile 4, draw the horizontal force-time- The displacement relationship curve of the action point and the horizontal force-displacement gradient relationship curve, etc., analyze the distribution law of the rotation angle of the pile top and the bending moment of the pile body under the action of horizontal loads at all levels, calculate the flexural deformation of the pile body, and determine the horizontal critical bearing capacity and limit of a single pile. bearing capacity, etc.

Claims (9)

1. A centrifugal model test device for measuring the vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of a pile foundation, characterized in that it comprises a model box (1), a transverse support (2), a first model pile (3), and a second model pile (4) , the first hydraulic jack (5), the second hydraulic jack (6), the first servo valve (7), the second servo valve (8), the vertical displacement sensor (9), the horizontal displacement sensor (10) and the soil for the model (11); the model box (1) is divided into a main test box (14) and an auxiliary test box (15) by a partition plate (12) and an adjustable support (13), and the transverse support (2) is erected on the model Above the box (1), the transverse support (2) includes a long truss (16) and a short truss (17), and a first backing plate (45) and a second backing plate (46) are arranged on the long truss (16) , the first model pile (3) and the second model pile (4) both include a pile body (19) pasted with a semiconductor strain gauge (18) and a pile cap (20) arranged on the top of the pile body. The first hydraulic jack (5) and the second hydraulic jack (6) both include an oil cylinder (21), a piston (22), an oil inlet valve (23) and an oil return valve (24), and a first servo is installed on the top of the model box (1). A valve (7), a second servo valve (8) and a monitoring camera (50), the first servo valve (7) and the second servo valve (8) both include an oil inlet valve (23) and an oil return valve (24) ) and a control valve (25), the vertical displacement sensor (9) and the horizontal displacement sensor (10) both include a clamp block (26), a waveguide (27) and a movable magnetic ring (28). 11) Lay horizontally in the main test box (14). 2. The centrifugal model test device for measuring the vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of pile foundation according to claim 1, wherein the adjustable support (13) comprises a turnbuckle screw (29), a rotating rod (30) and The support seat (31) is provided with a rotating rod (30) in the middle of the flower basket screw (29), and the two ends of the flower basket screw (29) are provided with support seats (31); the adjustable support (13) is supported on the model box (1) box. between the wall and the partition (12). 3. The centrifugal model test device for measuring the vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of pile foundation according to claim 1, wherein the long truss (16) of the transverse support (2) spans the model box (1), The short truss (17) is welded on both ends of the long truss (16), and the short truss (17) is anchored in the chute (47) at the top of the box wall through bolts (32). 4. the centrifugal model test device of measuring the vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of pile foundation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pile body (19) is the hollow aluminum alloy tube structure of bottom seal, and the pile body (19) ) is uniformly coated with a layer of epoxy resin glue (33) to protect the semiconductor strain gauge (18), and the top of the pile body (19) is fastened with the pile cap (20) by screws (34). 5. The centrifugal model test device for measuring the vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of pile foundations according to claim 1, wherein the semiconductor strain gauges (18) are vertically equidistantly distributed along the pile body (19), and the same The two pairs of semiconductor strain gauges (18) in the cross section are symmetrically pasted on both sides of the pile body, and the wires (35) pass through the micro holes (36) of the pile body and the U-shaped hole (37) at the bottom of the pile cap (20) in turn and then converge. bundled and finally connected to a data acquisition instrument (38) suspended from the side wall of the model box (1). 6. The centrifugal model test device for measuring the vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of pile foundation according to claim 1, wherein the first model pile (3) and the second model pile (4) are in the same cross section The two pairs of semiconductor strain gauges (18) inside are connected by a Wheatstone bridge, and the first model pile (3) and the second model pile (4) on the same side of each pair of semiconductor strain gauges (18) are respectively connected by vertical crossing and distributed in parallel to each other. 7. The centrifugal model test device for measuring the vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of pile foundation according to claim 1, wherein the oil cylinder (21) of the first hydraulic jack (5) is vertically fixed on the transverse support (2). ), the first backing plate (45) slides laterally along the chute (47) of the long truss (16), and the lower end of the piston (22) of the first hydraulic jack (5) is connected and pasted a vertical extension rod (39) with a vertical pressure sensor (48), the vertical extension rod (39) and the first model pile (3) are located on the same central axis; the oil cylinder (21) of the second hydraulic jack (6) ) is horizontally fixed on the base (40) in the attached test box (15), the right side of the piston (22) of the second hydraulic jack (6) is connected to the horizontal extension rod (41) with the horizontal pressure sensor (49) attached, and the horizontal A U-shaped spacer block (42) is arranged between the extension rod (41) and the left side pile body of the second model pile (4). 8. The centrifugal model test device for measuring the vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of pile foundation according to claim 1, wherein the oil inlet valve (23) and the oil return valve ( 24) Correspondingly connected with the oil inlet valve (23) and oil return valve (24) of the first hydraulic jack (5) through the oil pipe, and the oil inlet valve (23) and oil return valve (24) of the second servo valve (8) The oil inlet valve (23) and the oil return valve (24) of the second hydraulic jack (6) are correspondingly connected through oil pipes, and the control valve (25) is connected to the data acquisition instrument (38) through wires. 9. The centrifugal model test device for measuring the vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of pile foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that the waveguide (27) of the vertical displacement sensor (9) and the horizontal displacement sensor (10) ) are vertically fixed on the first pad (45) and the second pad (46) through the clamp block (26) and the connecting rod (43) respectively, and the movable magnetic ring (28) of the vertical displacement sensor (9) is against the The surface of the transverse rib plate (44) on the vertical extension rod (39) moves synchronously with it, and the movable magnetic ring (28) of the horizontal displacement sensor (10) touches the right side of the second model pile (4) at the ground surface on the pile.

Images