CN109695262A - A kind of prominent heavy experimental rig of simulation open caisson generation founding - Google Patents

A kind of prominent heavy experimental rig of simulation open caisson generation founding Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109695262A
CN109695262A CN201910050773.3A CN201910050773A CN109695262A CN 109695262 A CN109695262 A CN 109695262A CN 201910050773 A CN201910050773 A CN 201910050773A CN 109695262 A CN109695262 A CN 109695262A
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China
Prior art keywords
open caisson
side wall
founding
sand
model casing
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Pending
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CN201910050773.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
蒋炳楠
马建林
章露露
王蒙婷
褚晶磊
李孟豪
周和祥
张凯
罗朝洋
林大富
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Southwest Jiaotong University
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Southwest Jiaotong University
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Priority to CN201910050773.3A priority Critical patent/CN109695262A/en
Publication of CN109695262A publication Critical patent/CN109695262A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D33/00Testing foundations or foundation structures
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D23/00Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
    • E02D23/08Lowering or sinking caissons
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2600/00Miscellaneous
    • E02D2600/10Miscellaneous comprising sensor means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of simulation open caissons, and the experimental rig that it is heavy that founding is dashed forward occurs, including model casing, the front side edge and back side edge of open caisson side wall are connected to the forward and backward side of model casing vertically by the sliding rail with idler wheel respectively;Model casing bottom is banketed, banket in be additionally provided with multilayer color sand and multiple soil pressure cells;The top of open caisson side wall is also connected with loading device;The top of banketing of model casing is divided into left and right two by open caisson side wall, there also is provided multilayer color sand, multiple pore pressure gauges in left part back-up sand from the bottom to top;The arranged on left and right sides of open caisson side wall is also respectively provided with electric control one-way valve water tank.The prominent heavy simulation test of open caisson founding is carried out using the device of the invention, make open caisson that founding occur by outside water-head in control caisson wall prominent heavy, determine interior outside water-head when open caisson founding is prominent heavy, prominent settling velocity rate and prominent heavy amount, the relationship between the prominent heavy front and back penetration of founding, end resistance and side friction is studied, determines founding coverage and channel.

Description

A kind of prominent heavy experimental rig of simulation open caisson generation founding
Technical field
The present invention relates to well foundation technical field in civil construction industry, it is prominent that founding occurs for especially a kind of simulation open caisson Heavy experimental rig.
Background technique
As the development of the national economy gradually steadily develops, infrastructure project is increasing, all kinds of construction scale of projects Also it is growing, major project includes high-rise buildings longspan structure, underground hole group, deep big basis, high dam, ocean engineering etc. Increasing, their common feature is that scope of construction item is big, range is wide, the period is long, process is complicated.Open caisson is as a kind of ground base Plinth, its main feature is that rigidity is big, bearing capacity is high, impervious durability is good, inner space is available, can in very big depth underground engineering and It constructs under complicated landform and geological conditions, is used in each field extensively at present.
Implement open caisson in stratum complicated and changeable, due between different soil bearing capacity differ greatly, coefficient of friction it is more The characteristics such as change easily generate prominent heavy, founding and super heavy, the extremely difficult control of the speed of well sinking and direction.In order to disclose under open caisson The heavy prominent heavy mechanism of middle founding, establishes the computation model that it is heavy that founding is dashed forward, and how to make the generation founding of open caisson model dash forward heavy, and again Existing prototype stress field, this is the test problem that can not yet solve very well so far.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above problem, under prototype stress field, so that open caisson model occurs, founding is prominent to sink, to disclose open caisson The mechanism that it is heavy that founding is dashed forward, the present invention propose a kind of test dress that the generation founding of simulation open caisson is dashed forward heavy based on the principle of similitude It sets.
Realize that the technical solution of the object of the invention is as follows:
A kind of prominent heavy experimental rig of simulation open caisson generation founding, including model casing, the leading flank of model casing is transparent, front side High-speed camera is additionally provided on the outside of face;It further include open caisson side wall, the upper side edge of open caisson side wall is provided with displacement meter, and lower side is set It is equipped with blade foot tyre tread and blade foot inclined-plane, blade foot inclination angle of inclined plane is 45 degree, and is provided with multiple soil pressure cells;The open caisson side wall Front side edge and back side edge are connected to vertically in the middle part of the leading flank of model casing and in the middle part of trailing flank respectively by the sliding rail with idler wheel;Mould Molding box bottom is banketed, the bottom end of banket before test surface and open caisson side wall in the same horizontal line, filling out below open caisson side wall Multilayer color sand and multiple soil pressure cells are additionally provided in soil;The top of open caisson side wall is also connected with for holding open caisson before testing By the loading device in banketing below the indentation of open caisson side wall when side wall and test;The open caisson side wall will be on the banketing of model casing Side is divided into left and right two, and left and right two parts are not provided with water injection pipe, and it is heavy that open caisson side wall left side top is additionally provided with simulation The groove of raised platform around a well rank, and after being filled and led up with the plate equal with groove thickness, after model casing left part back-up sand is completed model and is consolidated, Plate is extracted out straight up, to simulate the relaxation that the soil body is generated due to step;It there also is provided from the bottom to top in left part back-up sand Multilayer color sand also arranges multiple pore pressure gauges in the back-up sand of open caisson side wall from the bottom to top, filling out far from open caisson side wall Multiple pore pressure gauges and soil pressure cell are also arranged in sand from the bottom to top;Open caisson side when the height of left part back-up sand is not higher than test Wall pressure enters the height of its upper side edge after lower section is banketed;The arranged on left and right sides of open caisson side wall is also respectively provided with electric control one-way valve water tank.
The prominent heavy simulation test of open caisson founding is carried out, control is passed through by geotechnical centrifugal model test using the device of the invention Outside water-head is prominent heavy to make open caisson generation founding in caisson wall processed, determines interior outside water-head when open caisson founding is prominent heavy, dashes forward Settling velocity rate and prominent heavy amount, the relationship between the prominent heavy front and back penetration of research founding, end resistance and side friction, determine founding shadow Ring range and channel.Compared to the indoor model test carried out in gravitational field, well sinking resistance centrifugal model test can be again The stress field of existing prototype, can preferably meet dynamic similarity;By arranging color sand, to determine the prominent heavy Shi Tuti of open caisson founding Flow channel and range.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is top view of the invention.
Fig. 2 is front view of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the blade foot schematic diagram of open caisson side wall.
Fig. 4 is open caisson side-wall outer side sensor arrangement figure.
Fig. 5 is the connection schematic diagram of loading device Yu open caisson side wall.
Wherein, 1- open caisson side wall, 2- sliding rail, 3- high-speed camera, 4- soil pressure cell, 5- pore pressure gauge, 6- color sand, 7- displacement meter, 8- loading device, 9- fill and lead up the plate of the groove of open caisson side wall.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawing.
1. the long 80cm of model casing, width 70cm, high 70cm.Model casing has 4 sides, and wherein side is poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, can Carry out test observation;Other three side is opaque.From poly (methyl methacrylate) plate side, model casing left side back-up sand, centre is simulation open caisson The steel plate of side wall, the right are operating system case, and 6cm below operating system bottom portion is surface of banketing, and the depth of fill on the right is 12cm bankets surface and caisson cutting edge bottom end in the same horizontal line.4 pvc pipes are vertically arranged in four Angle Positions of model casing, Pipe side wall is provided with several apertures, and after the completion of modelling to be tested, slowly water filling, makes model seep water bottom-up in pipe, Stop water filling when the water surface is higher than soil surface 1-2cm, left and right liquid level is consistent, and soil sample is made to reach saturation state.
2. 52cm more than model casing left bottom is back-up sand, the soil within the scope of open caisson model blade foot and adjacent sidewalls Body arranges one layer of color sand at interval of the thickness of 3-5cm, so as to the misalignment of color sand before and after comparative test.When back-up sand, in step Recessed position is filled and led up with one piece of thickness 0.2cm plate, after sand filled out into specified altitude assignment, it is after completing model and consolidating, plate is vertical It is drawn upwardly out, the relaxation that the simulation soil body is generated due to step.The water for being 16cm in the above 2cm setting height in sand surface filled out Case, the long 30cm of water tank, width 20cm, from poly (methyl methacrylate) plate side, model casing left side front and rear sides respectively set one.From a model casing left side At the 15cm of side, vertical direction arranges soil pressure cell and pore pressure gauge.
3. the high 50cm of open caisson side wall, blade foot is 2cm with the preceding paragraph sidewall thickness, and blade foot tyre tread is 0.3cm, blade foot inclined-plane Inclination angle is 45 degree.From the groove that 0.2cm thickness is arranged at the above 8cm of open caisson sidewall bottom, this is to simulate open caisson step.By It is all the step that inside contracts for having 20-30cm in large-scale well-sinking, therefore open caisson side wall setting step is the technical characteristic of the design.Groove Height is 42cm.Therefore, from 42cm below open caisson top side wall, thickness is 1.8cm always.In poly (methyl methacrylate) plate side, sink Well side wall abuts poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, the silica gel plate of 2-4mm is stained on open caisson side wall, then coat glass cement to carry out waterproof.It is logical Crossing will be fixed on the inside of open caisson wall with the sliding rail with idler wheel, and sliding rail is fixed on model casing by steel stull.Soil at blade foot inclined-plane Pressure is monitored using soil pressure cell.Pore pressure gauge is arranged on the left of open caisson side wall.
4. from poly (methyl methacrylate) plate side, the long 32cm of operating system case, the width 23.2cm, high 36cm on the right.Operating system It is water tank electric control one-way valve in case, valve is the alternating current of 220V.The operating system case is connected with bracket support, and bracket support top is set There are two channel steels.Channel steel length direction is left and right sides, and 2 holes are arranged in both sides on the waist of every channel steel, is overlapped on 8 bolts At the top of model casing, to be connected with loading system.Two water tanks on the left side are overlapped on two channel steels respectively by bolt.Test Before, so that filling water in two water tanks on the left side, the operating system case on the right does not have water;In test, the water on the right flows into the right Operating system case in, the water on the left side supplemented by seepage effect the right, open electric control valve, make in the water tank of two, the left side Water is flow down by gravity, to supplement the left side, keeps left and right liquid level consistent, so that the water surface is always above native surface 1-2cm. In test, loading system is arranged in open caisson top side wall and apply vertical load.Loading system determines power supply according to motor, The rating of electric machine is different, and voltage is different.Also, water tank electric control one-way valve and loading system do not connect or control planning, is to separate 's.Before test, loading device is to hold open caisson side wall;When test, loading device is to enter open caisson side wall and pressure in the soil body.It applies What is added is constant displacement, is 0.3cm/s, finally open caisson side wall and pressure buries middle 3cm.
5. in the reserved circular hole for placing soil pressure cell and ventage piezometer of open caisson side wall left-hand face, by soil pressure cell, hole The insertion of gap hydraulic gage, and on the right side of cabling to open caisson side wall.It is observed from poly (methyl methacrylate) plate side, model casing left side, from vertical center Line 10cm respectively arranges two sides 7 soil pressure cells, more than model casing bottom, the spacing of 7 soil pressure cells is respectively 3,3,4,5, 10,10cm;1 displacement meter is respectively arranged in side top two sides.
6. calculating the prominent heavy amount of open caisson and prominent settling velocity rate using the displacement of laser displacement gauge real-time measurement open caisson top side wall.
7. carrying out high-speed camera on the outside of organic glass, soil deformation overall process is recorded.
Using the present invention carry out simulation open caisson founding it is prominent heavy when, basic process are as follows:
1. an open caisson is reduced to two dimensional model, only make model using caisson cutting edge and outer wall as research object, pass through by It is fixed on the inside of caisson wall with the sliding rail with idler wheel, sliding rail is fixed on model casing by steel stull, can along the vertical direction up and down Sliding, as shown in Figure 1.
2. the soil pressure at blade foot inclined-plane is monitored using multiple soil pressure cells, as shown in Figure 3.
3. the operating condition that it is heavy that founding is dashed forward occurs when having chosen well sinking to 40m, to open caisson model blade foot and adjacent sidewalls model The interior soil body is enclosed, arranges one layer of color sand at interval of the thickness of 3-5cm, as shown in Figure 2.
4. test is using the loading device command displacement of autonomous Design processing.Loading device is mounted on open caisson side wall upper part, Before test, loading device is to hold open caisson side wall;When test, loading device is to enter open caisson side wall and pressure in the soil body, such as Fig. 5 It is shown.
5. in the reserved circular hole for placing soil pressure cell and ventage piezometer of open caisson model sidewall surfaces, by soil pressure cell, hole The insertion of gap hydraulic gage, as shown in Figure 2, Figure 4 shows.
6. being respectively arranged a vertical pvc pipe in the position at four angles of open caisson model, pipe side wall is provided with several apertures, After the completion of modelling, water is slowly injected into pipe, so that water penetrates into upwards from model bottom, when the water surface is higher than soil surface 1- Stop water filling when 2cm.
It is thick with one piece of 0.2cm in step recessed position when filling sand 7. during step test modelling Plate is filled and led up, as shown in figure 5, after sand is filled out into specified altitude assignment after, plate is extracted out straight up.

Claims (1)

1. the experimental rig that it is heavy that founding is dashed forward occurs for a kind of simulation open caisson, which is characterized in that including model casing, the leading flank of model casing It is transparent, high-speed camera is additionally provided on the outside of leading flank;It further include open caisson side wall, the upper side edge of open caisson side wall is provided with displacement Meter, lower side are provided with blade foot tyre tread and blade foot inclined-plane, and blade foot inclination angle of inclined plane is 45 degree, and is provided with multiple soil pressure cells;Institute The front side edge and back side edge for stating open caisson side wall be connected in the middle part of the leading flank of model casing vertically by the sliding rail with idler wheel respectively and In the middle part of trailing flank;Model casing bottom is banketed, the bottom end of banket before test surface and open caisson side wall in the same horizontal line, open caisson Multilayer color sand and multiple soil pressure cells are additionally provided in banketing below side wall;The top of open caisson side wall is also connected with for trying By the loading device in banketing below the indentation of open caisson side wall when holding open caisson side wall and test before testing;The open caisson side wall is by mould The top of banketing of molding box is divided into left and right two, and left and right two parts are not provided with water injection pipe, and open caisson side wall left side top is also It is provided with the groove of simulation open caisson step, and after being filled and led up with the plate equal with groove thickness, model casing left part back-up sand is completed After model and consolidation, plate is extracted out straight up, to simulate the relaxation that the soil body is generated due to step;In left part back-up sand under It is supreme to there also is provided multilayer color sand, multiple pore pressure gauges are also arranged from the bottom to top in the back-up sand of open caisson side wall, it is separate Multiple pore pressure gauges and soil pressure cell are also arranged in the back-up sand of open caisson side wall from the bottom to top;The height of left part back-up sand is not higher than The height of its upper side edge after open caisson side wall indentation lower section is banketed when test;The arranged on left and right sides of open caisson side wall is also respectively provided with electricity Control check valve water tank.
CN201910050773.3A 2019-01-20 2019-01-20 A kind of prominent heavy experimental rig of simulation open caisson generation founding Pending CN109695262A (en)

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CN110455709A (en) * 2019-08-27 2019-11-15 天津大学 A kind of experimental provision that simulation blade foot ultra-wide influences heavy wall concrete penetration resistance
CN112530264A (en) * 2020-12-10 2021-03-19 同济大学 Electromagnetic loading test device for simulating sinking process of open caisson
CN113210283A (en) * 2021-03-26 2021-08-06 应鹏 Sand removal detection device for metal tiles made of color stone sand corrugated steel plate

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CN110455709B (en) * 2019-08-27 2024-03-29 天津大学 Experimental device for simulating influence of ultra-wide cutting edge on sinking resistance of thick-wall concrete
CN112530264A (en) * 2020-12-10 2021-03-19 同济大学 Electromagnetic loading test device for simulating sinking process of open caisson
CN113210283A (en) * 2021-03-26 2021-08-06 应鹏 Sand removal detection device for metal tiles made of color stone sand corrugated steel plate

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