CN104996092A - Graded crushing type crushing-and-returning combined machine for banana straws and root stubbles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and relates to a graded and crushed banana straw and root stubble combined crushing and returning machine, which includes a frame, the lower part of the front end of the frame is fixedly connected with a pressure dividing plate, and a straw crushing roller and a root and stubble removal roller are connected by rotation on the frame The straw crushing roller and stubble removal roller are respectively located at the front and rear of the middle of the frame and the straw crushing roller is higher than the stubble removal roller. The straw crushing roller and stubble removal roller are respectively connected to the power equipment through the transmission mechanism, The front end of the frame is provided with a suspension device, and the lower part of the rear end of the frame is provided with a suppression device. The present invention adopts a two-stage crushing mode to directly crush and process banana straw in the banana growing field, which solves the problems of low processing efficiency of banana straw crushing and returning to the field and serious environmental pollution, effectively improves the processing efficiency of banana straw returning to the field, and has a good crushing effect of banana straw. It can not only prevent environmental pollution, but also promote the increase of banana production.

Description

A graded and crushed banana straw and root stubble combined crushing and returning machine

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and relates to a banana straw and root stubble crushing and returning combined operating machine, in particular to a graded crushing banana straw and root stubble combined crushing and returning machine used with a tractor.

Background technique

In the current banana production, a large amount of stalks are cut down and burned on the spot every year, which wastes manpower and material resources and causes environmental pollution. In response to this situation, some banana wastes have been crushed and returned to the field machinery.

Among them, a 2-axis serrated knife-type banana straw cutting mechanism can effectively complete the crushing work of banana straws, but before work, it is necessary to manually cut down the banana straws in advance and pre-cut them into sections. Throwing it into the field is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the efficiency is low. A banana straw returning machine has a crushing rate of more than 94%, but the transmission on the left and right sides of the forward direction of the machine is unbalanced, so the stability and control performance are not ideal, and the noise pollution is serious during operation, which needs further improvement. A vertical banana straw crushing and returning machine, the pass rate of straw crushing is greater than 94%, but the root stubble of banana straw cannot be processed, and it needs to be reworked to meet the sowing requirements. A banana straw/root stubble returning machine, which uses a straight plate-type fixed knife to crush banana straw, and a double-knife roller root stubble crushing device to process straw stubble and roots. The machine uses a fixed crushing knife to crush banana straw, and the cutter load is large. , high loss, short life, and the straw crushing part adopts the vertical shaft type, while the root stubble crushing part adopts the horizontal shaft type, the transmission is not stable enough, the noise is large, and further improvement is needed.

Therefore, in the tropical banana planting areas in southern my country, there is an urgent need for a field banana straw crushing and returning machine with simple structure and high crushing efficiency to solve the problems of serious waste of banana straw and environmental pollution.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a graded and crushed banana straw and root stubble combined crushing and returning machine, which uses a two-stage crushing mode to directly crush and process banana straw in the banana growing field, and complete the crushing of straw fragments. And the burial of the residual part solves the problem of low efficiency of banana straw crushing and returning to the field, serious environmental pollution, and the failure to dispose of banana straw in the field at one time, effectively improving the efficiency of banana straw returning to the field and improving the effect of banana straw crushing Well, it can not only prevent environmental pollution, but also promote the increase of banana production.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention:

A graded and crushed banana straw and root stubble combined crushing and returning machine, including a frame, the frame is composed of a left side plate, a right side plate, and a top plate of the frame, and the left side plate of the frame is exactly the same It is parallel to and set up vertically with the right side plate of the rack; The chamfered corners of the frame are respectively fixed with the pressure dividing plate, and the straw crushing roller and the stubble removal roller are rotated between the left side plate and the right side plate of the frame. At the back of the middle and the straw crushing roller is higher than the root and stubble removal roller, the straw crushing roller and the root and stubble removal roller are respectively connected to the power equipment through the transmission mechanism, and the power provided by the power equipment drives the straw crushing roller and the root and stubble removal roller to rotate; The front end is equipped with a suspension device, and the tractor can be used to pull the crushing and returning machine to work forward. The lower part of the rear end of the frame is equipped with a suppression device, which can not only facilitate the progress of the crushing and returning machine, but also support the weight of the crushing and returning machine to avoid crushing and returning the machine. sunken in the fields;

The straw crushing roller is composed of a straw crushing knife shaft, a knife seat, and a left-handed L-shaped knife and a right-handed L-shaped knife installed in pairs, wherein the knife seat is fixed on the straw crushing knife shaft, and the left-handed L-shaped knife It is movably connected with the right-handed L-shaped knife seat, and when the straw crushing knife shaft rotates under the power of the power equipment, it drives the knife to rotate and chop the banana straw on the ground;

The root and stubble removal roller is composed of a root and stubble removal cutter shaft, a cutter head, a left-handed root stubble crushing knife and a right-handed root stubble crushing knife. The knife is fixedly connected to the cutter head, and when the root and stubble removal knife shaft rotates under the power of the power equipment, it drives the pulverizer to rotate to break the stubble and soil, and at the same time complete the burial of straw fragments and stubble;

The suppression device is composed of a ground roller, a left support member, a right support member and a drum shaft, the ground roller and the drum shaft form a rotational connection, the two ends of the drum shaft are fixedly connected to the left support member and the right support member respectively, and the left support The component and the right supporting component are respectively arranged on the left side plate of the frame and the right side plate of the frame.

During operation, use the suspension device to hang the crushing and returning machine on the wheeled tractor, and the wheeled tractor pulls the crushing and returning machine to move forward. The power of the wheeled tractor drives the straw crushing roller to rotate counterclockwise and the root and stubble removal roller through the transmission mechanism. Rotating clockwise, the high-speed rotating straw crushing roller hits and chops the banana straw on the ground, and then the root and stubble removal roller completes the burial of straw fragments and residues while completing the crushing of the soil, and completes the crushing of the whole banana straw Return to the field work.

Preferably, the horizontal distance between the straw crushing roller and the root and stubble removal roller is 580-760 mm, so as to avoid collision damage of the cutters of the front and rear cutter rollers.

Preferably, the distance between the lowest point of the turning circle of the straw crushing roller and the horizontal ground is not less than 30 mm.

Preferably, a cemented carbide strip is welded on the blade of the left-handed L-shaped knife or the right-handed L-shaped knife. The alloy strip is made of high manganese steel by quenching and a layer of NiWC alloy powder is spray-welded on the surface.

As a preference, the cutterheads on the root and stubble removal roller are distributed at equal intervals in the axial direction and the spacing is not less than 200mm. interval installation.

Preferably, the left support member and the right support member of the pressing device are provided with a height adjustment mechanism, and the position of the pressing roller is adjusted through the adjustment mechanism to meet different field work requirements.

The invention adopts the two-stage crushing mode of straw crushing and root removal and stubble removal to directly crush and process banana straw in the banana growing field, and completes the burial of straw fragments and residual stubble, which solves the problem of low efficiency of banana straw crushing and returning to the field, serious environmental pollution, etc. The problem is to effectively improve the efficiency of banana straw returning to the field. The structure of the whole machine is compact, and the crushing effect of banana straw is good. It can not only prevent environmental pollution, but also promote banana production.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of a partial sectional structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the straw crushing roller of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional structural view of the root and stubble removal roller of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. The left side panel of the frame; 2. Three-point suspension device; 3. The top panel of the frame; 4. The right side panel of the frame; 5. The right support member; 6. The roller shaft; 1. Root and stubble removal roller; 9. Straw crushing roller; 10. Pressure divider; 11. Straw crushing knife shaft; 12. Knife seat; 13. Left-handed L-shaped knife; Shaft; 16, cutter head; 17, left-handed root stubble crushing knife; 18, right-handed root stubble crushing knife.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific examples, but not as a limitation of the present invention.

In the structure shown in Fig. 1, 2, a kind of graded crushing type banana stalk and root stubble combined crushing and field returning machine provided by the present invention comprises a frame, and the frame is composed of a frame left side plate 1, a frame Right side plate 4, frame top plate 3 are formed, identical frame left side plate and frame right side plate are mutually parallel and vertically arranged, and frame top plate 3 is horizontally arranged and fixed on frame left side plate 1, machine frame. The upper end of the right side plate 4 of the frame; the chamfers of the lower front ends of the left side plate and the right side plate of the frame are fixedly connected with the pressure dividing plate 10 respectively; rotate between the left side plate 1 and the right side plate 4 of the frame Connect the straw crushing roller 9 and the root and stubble removal roller 8 (the left and right end shafts of the straw crushing roller 9 are connected with the bearings embedded in the side plates of the frame, so that the straw crushing roller 9 and the frame form a rotational connection, and the left and right ends of the root and stubble removal roller 8 The shaft is connected with the bearing embedded in the side plate of the frame, so that the stubble removal roller 8 and the frame form a rotational connection), the straw crushing roller 9 and the stubble removal roller 8 are respectively located at the front and rear of the middle of the frame and the straw is crushed The roller is higher than the root and stubble removal roller, and the distance between the lowest point of the turning circle of the straw crushing roller and the horizontal ground is not less than 30mm, and the horizontal distance between the root and stubble removal roller is 580-760mm, so as to avoid collision damage of the cutters of the front and rear cutter rollers, and the straw The crushing roller 9 and the stubble removal roller 8 are respectively connected to the engine output shaft of the tractor through a transmission mechanism, and the tractor provides power to drive the straw crushing roller and the stubble removal roller to rotate; The lower part of the rear end is provided with a suppression device. The suppression device is composed of a ground roller 7, a left support member, a right support member 5 and a roller shaft 6. The ground roller 7 and the roller shaft 6 form a rotational connection. The component and the right support component are fixedly connected, the left support component and the right support component are arranged on the left side plate of the frame and the right side plate of the frame respectively, and a height adjustment mechanism is arranged on the left support component and the right support component 5. Adjust the position of the pressing rollers to suit different field work requirements.

In the structure shown in Figure 3, the straw crushing roller provided by the present invention is composed of a straw crushing knife shaft 11, a knife seat 12, and a left-handed L-shaped flail 13 and a right-handed L-shaped flail 14 installed in pairs, wherein, The knife seat 12 is fixedly connected to the straw crushing knife shaft 11, and the left-handed L-shaped knife 13 and the right-handed L-shaped knife 14 form a movable connection with the knife seat 12 through connecting bolts, spring washers and connecting nuts. The blades of the flailing knife and the right-handed L-shaped flailing knife are welded with hard alloy strips. The alloy strips are made of high manganese steel quenched and a layer of NiWC alloy powder is spray-welded on the surface. When the straw crushing knife shaft rotates under the power of the power equipment, the swinging knife is driven to rotate and crush the banana straw on the ground.

In the structure shown in Fig. 4, the root stubble removal roller provided by the present invention is composed of a root stubble removal cutter shaft 15, a cutter head 16, a left-handed root stubble crushing knife 17 and a right-handed root stubble crushing knife 18, and the cutter heads 16 are equally spaced by 200 mm. Distributed and fixed on the stubble removal cutter shaft 15, the left-handed root stubble crushing knife 17 and the right-handed root stubble crushing knife 18 are affixed to the cutterhead 16 through connecting bolts, spring washers and connecting nuts, and three bolts are fixed on each cutterhead. A stubble grinder (composed of two left-handed stubble grinders and a right-handed stubble grinder, or a left-handed stubble grinder and two right-handed stubble grinders), three stubble grinders The crushing knives are distributed at intervals of 120° in the radial direction. When the root and stubble removal knife shaft rotates under the power of the power equipment, it drives the pulverizer to rotate to break the stubble and soil, and at the same time, it can complete the burial of straw fragments and stubble.

During operation, use the three-point suspension device 2 to hang the crushing and returning machine on the wheeled tractor, and the wheeled tractor will pull the crushing and returning machine to move forward, and the tractor will overwhelm the uncut banana stalks. The power of the wheeled tractor drives the straw crushing roller 9 to rotate counterclockwise and the root and stubble removal roller 8 to rotate clockwise through the transmission mechanism. Root removal, stubble removal, and soil crushing can also complete the burial of straw fragments and residues, and realize the entire operation of banana straw crushing and returning to the field.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made. These improvements and modifications It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a classification grinding formula banana stalk and root stubble associating crushing and returning to field machine, it is characterized in that: comprise frame, described frame is made up of frame left plate, frame right plate, frame top board, identical frame left plate and frame right plate parallel to each other and vertically arrange, frame top board is horizontally disposed with and is fixed in the upper end of frame left plate, frame right plate; The chamfering place affixed point of pressing plate respectively of the front lower portion of frame left plate, frame right plate, crushed stalk roller and the stubble-cleaning roller that digs up the roots is rotationally connected between frame left plate, frame right plate, crushed stalk roller, the stubble-cleaning roller that digs up the roots lay respectively to the front and place to the rear, middle part, the middle part of frame and crushed stalk roller higher than the stubble-cleaning roller that digs up the roots, crushed stalk roller, the stubble-cleaning roller that digs up the roots are connected with power-equipment respectively by transmission mechanism; Arrange suspension arrangement in the front end of frame, the rear end lower of frame arranges suppression device;

Described crushed stalk roller is made up of the left-handed L-type flail knife of crushed stalk cutter shaft, tool rest and mounted in pairs and dextrorotation L-type flail knife, and wherein, tool rest is fixed on crushed stalk cutter shaft, and left-handed L-type flail knife and dextrorotation L-type flail knife are flexibly connected with tool rest;

The described stubble-cleaning roller that digs up the roots is made up of the stubble ploughing knife pivot that digs up the roots, cutterhead and left-handed stubble crushing knife and dextrorotation root stubble crushing knife, and cutterhead is fixed in and digs up the roots on stubble ploughing knife pivot, and left-handed stubble crushing knife and dextrorotation root stubble crushing knife connect firmly on cutterhead;

Described suppression device forms by pressing ground roll, left support component, right support component and drum shaft, pressure ground roll and drum shaft form rotation and connect, the two ends of drum shaft respectively with left support component, right support member, left support component, right support component are separately positioned on frame left plate, frame right plate.

2. associating crushing and returning to field machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described crushed stalk roller and the level interval of digging up the roots between stubble-cleaning roller are 580 ~ 760mm.

3. associating crushing and returning to field machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: between the turning circle minimum point of described crushed stalk roller and level ground, spacing is not less than 30mm.

4. associating crushing and returning to field machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: weld carbide alloy bar at the blade position of left-handed L-type flail knife or dextrorotation L-type flail knife.

5. associating crushing and returning to field machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in the cutter axis that digs up the roots on stubble-cleaning roller to equidistant distribution and spacing is not less than 200mm, three root stubble crushing knife radial directions are separated by 120 ° and are distributed, and left-handed stubble crushing knife and dextrorotation root stubble crushing knife respectively uniform intervals are installed.

6. associating crushing and returning to field machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: left support component, the right support component of described suppression device are provided with height adjustment mechanism.