CN104996023A - Soil fertilizing and desalting method for carbonate type saline and alkaline land by adopting soil deep scarification agent - Google Patents
Soil fertilizing and desalting method for carbonate type saline and alkaline land by adopting soil deep scarification agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN104996023A CN104996023A CN201510398351.7A CN201510398351A CN104996023A CN 104996023 A CN104996023 A CN 104996023A CN 201510398351 A CN201510398351 A CN 201510398351A CN 104996023 A CN104996023 A CN 104996023A
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Abstract
The invention provides a soil fertilizing and desalting method for a carbonate type saline and alkaline land by adopting a soil deep scarification agent. The method comprises application of the soil deep scarification agent, wherein the soil deep scarification agent comprises the following components in parts by mass: 12-20 parts of scale stones, 10-14 parts of starch-acrylamide, 2-5 parts of actinomycetes, 4-7 parts of phosphobacteria, 8-13 parts of ammonium humate, 14-24 parts of straw powder, 0.4-0.9 part of a cellulose grafted acrylic water-retaining agent, 4-16 parts of weathered coal and 17-25 parts of black alum. The method provided by the invention has the benefits that for fertilizing and desalting of the saline and alkaline land six months later, soluble salt of 100 g of soil comprises 0.08-0.13 mg of soda and 0.20-0.25% of total salt content of soil; the utilization ratios of a nitrogen fertilizer and a phosphorus fertilizer in soil are improved by 13-16% and 20-25%, respectively; the content of replaceable calcium oxide in soil is improved by 40-50%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of alkaline land soil to foster and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, be specifically related to a kind of carbonate type alkaline land soil of soil subsoiling agent that adopts and foster and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, belong to technical field of land improvement.
Background technology
The formation of China's alkaline earth and alkali-affected soil, major part is accumulative relevant with Carbonates In Soil, and thus basicity is general higher, and serious salt affected soil regional plant almost can not be survived.
Domestic the foster and apply fertilizer method of salt reduction of alkaline land soil of carrying out comprises at present: 1. physical method: level land, deep plough sun the earth which has been ploughed up, loosen the soil in time, raise landform, microcell is improved the soil; 2. river construction method: irrigation and drainage are supporting, pressure of storing fresh water
Salt, washing salinity by irrigation, underground salt discharge; 3. chemical method: the acid of gypsum, ardealite, superphosphate, detritus, peat, acid-sludge etc.; 4. biological method: rice cultivation, plantation salt-tolerant plant sesbania or plantation Salt And Alkali Tolerance trees etc.
In a word, that salt reduction improvement method of fostering and apply fertilizer suddenly from the domestic saline land generally adopted at present, mainly also exists that Meteorological is high, improved speed slow, and 3-5 just can take effect, and is difficult to the problems such as all-round popularization.
Existing carbonate type alkaline land soil is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, also has the following disadvantages:
(1) reduce the limited efficiency of carbonate type alkaline land soil salt content, soil pH and the bulk density of soil, salt reduction speed is slow;
(2) water conservation of carbonate type alkaline land soil, seepage of water are poor, and the air capacity of soils of soil is poor;
(3) quantity of Soil Microorganism is few;
(4) at reduction soil salt content, while basicity, can not effective fertilizing soil.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the deficiency that prior art exists, and provides a kind of carbonate type alkaline land soil of soil subsoiling agent that adopts to foster and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, to realize following goal of the invention:
(1) adopt improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method of the present invention, reduce carbonate type alkaline land soil salt content, soil pH and the bulk density of soil;
(2) adopt improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method of the present invention, improve water stable aggregate content in carbonate type alkaline land soil rate of water infiltration, soil total gap rate and soil;
(3) adopt improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method of the present invention, improve micro organism quantity in carbonate type alkaline land soil;
(4) adopt improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method of the present invention, improve the fertility of carbonate type alkaline land soil.
for solving the problems of the technologies described above, by the following technical solutions:
Adopt the carbonate type alkaline land soil of soil subsoiling agent to foster and apply fertilizer a salt reduction method, comprise using of soil subsoiling agent, described soil subsoiling agent, comprises fish scale stone and black alum.
Below the further improvement to technique scheme:
Described soil subsoiling agent, also comprises Starch-acrylamide, actinomycetes, phosphobacteria, humus ammonia, powder of straw, cellulose graft acrylic acid water-loss reducer, weathered coal.
Described soil subsoiling agent, the mass ratio of each component is: fish scale stone 12-20 part, Starch-acrylamide 10-14 part, actinomycetes 2-5 part, phosphobacteria 4-7 part, humus ammonia 8-13 part, powder of straw 14-24 part, cellulose graft acrylic acid water-loss reducer 0.4-0.9 part, weathered coal 4-16 part, black alum 17-25 part.
Described soil subsoiling agent, its preparation method, comprises and prepares culture of microorganism, describedly prepares culture of microorganism, and wherein in actinomycetes culture, viable count is 700,000,000/gram.
Described prepares culture of microorganism, and wherein in phosphobacteria culture, viable count is 600,000,000/gram.
Described improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method, improvement alkaline land soil is after 6 months, and the soluble salt composition middle soda content of 100 grams of soil is in 0.08-0.13 milliequivalent.
Described improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method, improvement alkaline land soil is after 6 months, and total soil salt content is 0.20-0.25%.
Described improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method, also comprise and apply fertilizer, described fertilizer, the mass ratio of each component is: maleic anhydride 32 parts, tetronic acid 11 parts, 29 parts, urea, biochemical fulvic acid 12 parts, humic acid 8 parts, chelated zinc 1 part, chelated copper 2 parts, 18 parts, ammonium sulfate, cyst material 1.5 parts.
adopt above technical scheme, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method of the present invention is adopted, reduce carbonate type alkaline land soil salt content, soil pH and the bulk density of soil, salt reduction was fostered and apply fertilizer after 6 months in saline land, the soluble salt composition middle soda content of 100 grams of soil is in 0.08-0.13 milliequivalent, soil pH is 7.0-7.4, total soil salt content is 0.20-0.25%, and the bulk density of soil is 0.91-0.98g/cm
3;
(2) improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method of the present invention is adopted, improve water stable aggregate content in carbonate type alkaline land soil rate of water infiltration, soil total gap rate and soil, salt reduction was fostered and apply fertilizer after 6 months in saline land, soil total gap rate is 48.5-52.7%, soil moisture permeability improves 3.5-4.5 doubly, and the water stable aggregate content being greater than 1mm in soil improves 261-275%;
(3) adopt improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method of the present invention, improve micro organism quantity in carbonate type alkaline land soil, salt reduction was fostered and apply fertilizer after 6 months in saline land, and Soil Microorganism quantity improves 45-68%;
(4) improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method of the present invention is adopted, improve the fertility of carbonate type alkaline land soil, salt reduction was fostered and apply fertilizer after 6 months in saline land, and the fertile availability of Nitrogen In Soils improves 13-16%, the fertile availability of Soil Phosphorus improves 20-25%, and in soil, tradable calcium oxide content improves 40-50%;
(5) foster and apply fertilizer in the saline land of salt reduction in process, plantation common flowering quince, transplanting survival rate is 98.1-98.7%, and nutritive value improves, and medical value improves; Plantation cdear, cdear is transplanted to saline land April, and transplanting survival rate is 97.7-98.6%.
Embodiment
Below the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
embodiment 1 one kinds of soil subsoiling agent
described soil subsoiling agent, the mass ratio of each component is:
12 parts, fish scale stone, Starch-acrylamide 10 parts, 2 parts, actinomycetes, phosphobacteria 4 parts, humus ammonia 8 parts, powder of straw 14 parts, cellulose graft acrylic acid water-loss reducer 0.4 part, weathered coal 4 parts, black alum 17 parts.
The preparation method of described humus ammonia is: be that 5:1:0.5 mixes rear enclosed by coal humus, ammonium sulfate, water according to mass ratio, carries out ammonification chelatropic reaction, react and obtain humus ammonia after 10 days at 25 DEG C.
embodiment 2 one kinds of soil subsoiling agent
described soil subsoiling agent, the mass ratio of each component is:
15 parts, fish scale stone, Starch-acrylamide 12 parts, 3 parts, actinomycetes, phosphobacteria 5 parts, humus ammonia 10 parts, powder of straw 18 parts, cellulose graft acrylic acid water-loss reducer 0.7 part, weathered coal 7 parts, black alum 20 parts.
The preparation method of described humus ammonia is: be that 5:1:0.5 mixes rear enclosed by coal humus, ammonium sulfate, water according to mass ratio, carries out ammonification chelatropic reaction, react and obtain humus ammonia after 10 days at 25 DEG C.
embodiment 3 one kinds of soil subsoiling agent
described soil subsoiling agent, the mass ratio of each component is:
20 parts, fish scale stone, Starch-acrylamide 14 parts, 5 parts, actinomycetes, phosphobacteria 7 parts, humus ammonia 13 parts, powder of straw 24 parts, cellulose graft acrylic acid water-loss reducer 0.9 part, weathered coal 16 parts, black alum 25 parts.
The preparation method of described humus ammonia is: be that 5:1:0.5 mixes rear enclosed by coal humus, ammonium sulfate, water according to mass ratio, carries out ammonification chelatropic reaction, react and obtain humus ammonia after 10 days at 25 DEG C.
the preparation method of embodiment 4 one kinds of soil subsoiling agent
(1) weigh: according to the formula of soil subsoiling agent, take each component;
(2) pulverize: fish scale stone is pulverized, cross 50-100 mesh sieve, preferably 50 orders;
(3) prepare culture of microorganism: prepare actinomycetic culture, wherein in actinomycetes culture, viable count is 700,000,000/gram; Prepare phosphobacteria culture, wherein in phosphobacteria culture, viable count is 600,000,000/gram;
(4) heap of powder of straw, weathered coal is rotten: powder of straw, weathered coal are mixed, and then piles rotten 1-2 month at normal temperatures;
(5) microorganism is adsorbed: by powder of straw, weathered coal through heap corruption, absorption actinomycetes and phosphobacteria culture;
(6) mix: through (2), (5) step products therefrom and Starch-acrylamide, humus ammonia,
Cellulose graft acrylic acid water-loss reducer, black alum mix, and obtain soil subsoiling agent.
embodiment 5 one kinds of carbonate type alkaline land soils are fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method
(1) saline land type
Severe carbonate type saline land in genus, the soluble salt composition middle soda content of 100 grams of soil is in 0.55-0.62 milliequivalent, and soil pH is 8.2-8.4, and in soil, salt content is 1.2-1.5%, and soil total gap rate is 12.3-15.4%, and the bulk density of soil is 1.5g/cm
3.
(2) the using of soil subsoiling agent
Mu uses soil subsoiling agent 45-55kg, and soil subsoiling agent is sprinkling upon alkaline land soil surface uniformly, and pours into appropriate water in soil.
(3) fertilizer is applied
Adopt the mode of spreading fertilizer over the fields, mu fertilizer 50-80kg.
in described fertilizer, the mass ratio of each component is:
Maleic anhydride 32 parts, tetronic acid 11 parts, 29 parts, urea, biochemical fulvic acid 12 parts, humic acid 8 parts, chelated zinc 1 part, chelated copper 2 parts, 18 parts, ammonium sulfate, cyst material 1.5 parts.
The preparation method of described fertilizer:
A, melting
By the high-temperature fusion of urea through 136-140 DEG C, enter in dashpot, deliver in mixing channel after metering;
B, preheating
After the metering of maleic anhydride, tetronic acid, biochemical fulvic acid, humic acid, chelated zinc, chelated copper, ammonium sulfate, send in agitator according to proportioning and fully mix, send in batch mixing heater after mixing, be heated to 100-110 DEG C;
Prepared by c, low temperature eutectic
Fusing urea a step prepared mixes with preheating material prepared by b step, be mixed and made into slip through high shear agitation machine, slip incorporation time is 5-6min, forms the low temperature eutectic with certain fluidity energy, and temperature is controlled at 120-130 DEG C, standby granulation is used;
D, granulation
By the mixed slurry of step c, deliver to prilling spry, under the effect of shower nozzle rotational shear centrifugal force, mixture is evenly sprayed into globular droplet, droplet is at diameter 25-30m, slowly fall in the tower of high 130-135m, through being cooled to 40-42 DEG C with in tower after ascending air heat exchange, composite fertilizer's granule;
E, overlay film
The composite fertilizer granule obtained by Step d, after screening, uses polyisocyanates overlay film, obtains fertilizer of the present invention.
(4) machinery subsoiling soil
Subsoiling machinery is by horizontal and vertical cutting twice, and deep soil loosing shovel gos deep into soil layer 45cm.
(5) irrigate
After be manured into soil subsoiling agent and fertilizer, once water respectively with brackish water (water salinity is 1 ~ 2g/l, and pH value is 7.3 ~ 7.5, and sodium adsorption ratio is 2.0 ~ 2.1), each irrigation volume is 300-350m
3/ hectare; Adopt the mode of drip irrigation to irrigate soil afterwards, when soil moisture is less than 40%, carry out drip irrigation, each drip irrigation amount is 130m
3/ hm
2, water surface elevation is 3-4mm, and irrigator flow-control is at 0.8-0.9L/h.
result of the test:
(1) the method for the invention, there is good improvement of soil fertility salt reduction effect, carbonate type alkaline land soil fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction after 6 months, the soluble salt composition middle soda content of 100 grams of soil is in 0.08-0.13 milliequivalent, soil pH is 7.0-7.4, total soil salt content is 0.20-0.25%, and soil total gap rate is 48.5-52.7%, and the bulk density of soil is 0.91-0.98g/cm
3soil moisture permeability improves 3.5-4.5 doubly, the water stable aggregate content being greater than 1mm in soil improves 261-275%, Soil Microorganism quantity improves 45-68%, the fertile availability of Nitrogen In Soils improves 13-16%, the fertile availability of Soil Phosphorus improves 20-25%, and in soil, tradable calcium oxide content improves 40-50%.
Index after table 1 improvement of soil fertility salt reduction
Visible, embodiment 2 is preferred embodiments.
(2) above-mentioned alkaline land soil is through fostering and apply fertilizer salt reduction after 6 months, plantation common flowering quince, transplanting survival rate is 98.1-98.7%, fruits nutrition is worth and improves, calcic 25.79mg, phosphorus 6.14mg, iron 5.53mg, vitamin C 98.8mg, vitamin A 6.85 μ g in every 100g common flowering quince fresh fruit, containing 17 seed amino acids, total amino acid content reaches 670mg/100g; Medical value improves, and in fruit, content of oleanolic acid improves 5-6%, and malic acid content improves 7-8%, and citric acid content improves 6-8%.
In the saline land of improvement of soil fertility salt reduction, plant cdear above-mentioned, cdear is transplanted to saline land April, and transplanting survival rate is 97.7-98.6%, after slow seedling, and current growth 13cm, Second Year growth 42cm, the 3rd year growth 47-50cm.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. adopt the carbonate type alkaline land soil of soil subsoiling agent to foster and apply fertilizer a salt reduction method, it is characterized in that: described improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method, comprises using of soil subsoiling agent, and described soil subsoiling agent, comprises fish scale stone and black alum.
2. a kind of carbonate type alkaline land soil of soil subsoiling agent that adopts according to claim 1 is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, it is characterized in that: described soil subsoiling agent, also comprise Starch-acrylamide, actinomycetes, phosphobacteria, humus ammonia, powder of straw, cellulose graft acrylic acid water-loss reducer, weathered coal.
3. a kind of carbonate type alkaline land soil of soil subsoiling agent that adopts according to claim 1 is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, it is characterized in that: described soil subsoiling agent, the mass ratio of each component is: fish scale stone 12-20 part, Starch-acrylamide 10-14 part, actinomycetes 2-5 part, phosphobacteria 4-7 part, humus ammonia 8-13 part, powder of straw 14-24 part, cellulose graft acrylic acid water-loss reducer 0.4-0.9 part, weathered coal 4-16 part, black alum 17-25 part.
4. a kind of carbonate type alkaline land soil of soil subsoiling agent that adopts according to claim 1 is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, it is characterized in that: described soil subsoiling agent, its preparation method, comprise and prepare culture of microorganism, describedly prepare culture of microorganism, wherein in actinomycetes culture, viable count is 700,000,000/gram.
5. a kind of carbonate type alkaline land soil of soil subsoiling agent that adopts according to claim 4 is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, and it is characterized in that: described prepares culture of microorganism, wherein in phosphobacteria culture, viable count is 600,000,000/gram.
6. a kind of carbonate type alkaline land soil of soil subsoiling agent that adopts according to claim 1 is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, it is characterized in that: described improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method, improvement alkaline land soil is after 6 months, and the soluble salt composition middle soda content of 100 grams of soil is in 0.08-0.13 milliequivalent.
7. a kind of carbonate type alkaline land soil of soil subsoiling agent that adopts according to claim 1 is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, it is characterized in that: described improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method, and improvement alkaline land soil is after 6 months, and total soil salt content is 0.20-0.25%.
8. a kind of carbonate type alkaline land soil of soil subsoiling agent that adopts according to claim 1 is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, it is characterized in that: described improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method, also comprise and apply fertilizer, described fertilizer, the mass ratio of each component is: maleic anhydride 32 parts, tetronic acid 11 parts, 29 parts, urea, biochemical fulvic acid 12 parts, humic acid 8 parts, chelated zinc 1 part, chelated copper 2 parts, 18 parts, ammonium sulfate, cyst material 1.5 parts.
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| CN106947494A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-14 | 四川绿达环保科技发展有限公司 | A kind of water-loss reducer and preparation method thereof |
| CN115486316A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-12-20 | 吉林农业大学 | Poplar planting method in semi-arid region |
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Application publication date: 20151028 |