CN104976903B - 热交换器 - Google Patents

热交换器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104976903B
CN104976903B CN201510155420.1A CN201510155420A CN104976903B CN 104976903 B CN104976903 B CN 104976903B CN 201510155420 A CN201510155420 A CN 201510155420A CN 104976903 B CN104976903 B CN 104976903B
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manifold
pipeline
pipe
hole
heat exchanger
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CN104976903A (zh
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希沙姆·鲁哈纳
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Mahle International GmbH
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Mahle International GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0229—Double end plates; Single end plates with hollow spaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0475—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits having a single U-bend
    • F28D1/0476—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits having a single U-bend the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0224—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
    • F28F9/182—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding the heat-exchange conduits having ends with a particular shape, e.g. deformed; the heat-exchange conduits or end plates having supplementary joining means, e.g. abutments

Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有至少一个集流箱的热交换器，该集流箱具有多个管道孔并且具有管道的管束，其中，所述管道的端部被插入到所述集流箱的孔内，其中，所述管道具有宽面侧和位于端侧的两个窄面侧，所述宽面侧具有长度L且具有相对而置的管侧壁，所述窄面侧具有宽度B且具有相应的管‑壁拱形部，其中，所述管壁拱形部的直径大于相对而置的管侧壁的间距。

Description

热交换器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种尤其用于机动车的热交换器。
背景技术
现有技术充分公开了一些热交换器。在此，通常设置扁管的管束，其中，管道端部通过孔伸入到集流箱内，并且在那里与集流箱焊接在一起。就热循环而言或就拉力/压力下的热负荷而言，通常在管/箱连接区内出现裂纹、即失效。在此介绍了，通常在管道/箱连接的管道窄面侧失效。
此外，在DE 2839142中已经公开了，在热交换器中使用椭圆管，其中，长的管侧壁被弹性地夹紧，从而形成向内弯曲的凹形的侧壁。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的在于提供一种热交换器，特别地，该热交换器在热循环的要求方面有了改进。
本发明的实施例涉及一种具有至少一个集流箱的热交换器，该集流箱具有多个管道孔并且具有管道的管束，其中，管道的端部被插入到集流箱的孔内，其中，管道具有宽面侧和端侧的两个窄面侧，所述宽面侧具有长度L1且具有相对而置的管侧壁，所述窄面侧具有宽度l0且具有相应的管壁拱形部，其中，所述管壁拱形部具有直径l1，该直径大于相对而置的管侧壁的间距。由此，在管道的窄面侧，在管道-孔连接的区域内有更大的面可以被焊接，从而产生更加稳固的连接，特别地，在热循环时所述连接也更稳固。
在此有利的是，管壁拱形部具有圆拱形的轮廓。因而提高了压力稳定性，同时在窄面侧增加了可焊接的面积，这提高了焊接的稳定性。
尤其有利的是，管壁拱形部具有直径l1，该直径比相对而置的管侧壁的间距l0大至少10％、优选地15％以上或大更多。由此，提供了用于焊接的面积，导致了稳定性明显提高。
同样有利的是，集流箱的孔具有与管道轮廓相同的轮廓。由此，所述孔同样具有近乎骨形的轮廓，具有瘦长的中间部和圆形的端部区。
有利地，设置有两个集流箱，其中，每个管道端部都被插入到两个集流箱之一的相应的孔内。替代地，有利的是，设置一个集流箱，其中，这些管道被弯曲形地设计，从而管道的每个管道端部都插入到所述一个集流箱的相应的孔内。
为了改善管道-孔连接，有利的是，一个或多个集流箱的孔具有隆起的边缘作为削缘孔，该边缘向内指入到集流箱内部或者从集流箱向外指出。由此增大了可焊接的面积，这又会改善管道和孔之间的连接的稳定性。
尤其有利的是，管道的管侧壁基本上彼此平行地布置。这会导致更好的制造性，因为轮廓可容易地进行校准。
同样有利的是，集流箱具有管板和箱顶盖，其中，所述孔都被开设在管板内。
本发明的有利的改进方案在从属权利要求和下面的附图说明中进行阐述。
附图说明
以下借助于实施例参照附图对本发明进行详述。在附图中：
图1示出了具有环形的隆起的边缘作为削缘孔的集流箱的孔的示意图，该削缘孔具有移除的管道端部；
图2示出了根据现有技术的集流箱的孔的示意图；
图3示出了根据本发明的集流箱的孔的示意图；
图4示出了具有集流箱和管道的热交换器的示意图；以及
图5示出了具有集流箱和管道的替代的热交换器的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了集流箱2的孔1的示意图，该孔优选地在集流箱2的管板3内，其中，所述孔优选地具有环形的隆起的边缘4作为削缘孔。管道5的管道端部6被插入到该孔1内，并且与隆起的边缘4焊接在一起。边缘4在此高度约为H。边缘4或削缘孔在此既可以伸入到集流箱2内又可选地从集流箱2的内部、即沿着管束的方向伸出。
图2示出了根据现有技术的集流箱11内的孔10的示意图。孔的轮廓对应于扁管的轮廓，具有基本上为矩形的横截面的面积，其宽面侧具有长度L0且窄面侧具有宽度l0。所述轮廓在窄面侧倒圆角。在这种情况下，横截面积约为L0*l0。
图3示出了根据本发明的集流箱21内的孔20的示意图。孔的轮廓对应于扁管的轮廓，该轮廓具有基本上为矩形的横截面的面积，其宽面侧具有长度L1且窄面侧具有宽度l0，其中，还在窄面侧设置有管壁拱形部(Rohrwandbogen)，该管壁拱形部具有直径l1，该直径大于孔的中间区域内的宽度l0。在此，l1优选地大于或等于1.1*l0。替代地，当l1≥1.15*l0或更大时是有利的。
在此优选地，孔20的长度L1小于或等于根据现有技术的孔的长度L0，从而孔20的横截面积大于或等于管道10的横截面积。
所示出的孔具有图示的轮廓，其中，所使用的管道具有与孔的轮廓相同的轮廓。由此在孔和管道之间产生更大的接触面，从而在焊接时，使得更大的面积彼此相连，进而产生更加稳固的连接。管道33、42在此具有宽面侧和位于端侧的两个窄面侧，所述宽面侧具有长度L1且具有相对而置的管侧壁，所述窄面侧具有宽度l0且具有相应的管壁拱形部，其中，所述管壁拱形部直径为l1，该直径大于相对而置的管侧壁的间距l0。管壁拱形部在此具有圆拱形的轮廓。在此，管壁拱形部具有直径l1，该直径比相对而置的管侧壁的间距l0大10％或以上、优选地大15％或以上，从而使得：l1≥1.1*l0或l1≥1.15*l0。
因此，管道在其侧部的边缘区域、在窄面侧得以加宽，该窄面侧被弯曲地、圆弧形地或圆拱形地构造，并且该窄面侧的直径大于管道在中间区域内的宽度。所述管道由此被近乎骨形地加宽。在此，所述加宽部可以仅存在于管道端部处，该管道端部被插入到孔内，或者替代地，所述加宽部可以存在于所述管道的整个长度上。
图4和5示出了热交换器30、40的替代的设计方案。在此，在图4中示出了具有两个集流箱31、32的热交换器30，其中，每个管道33都适当布置有其两个管道端部35，从而该管道端部35分别被嵌入到两个集流箱31、32之一内的相应的孔36中。
替代地，在图5中示出了仅具有一个集流箱41的热交换器40，其中，每个管道42都适当设计并布置有其两个管道端部43，从而管道端部43分别被嵌入到同一集流箱41内的相应的孔44中。为了分离液体，在此通常的做法是在集流箱41内设置至少一个隔板，然而，该隔板在此并未被示出。在此，根据管道42的设计方案可以由此实现宽度或深度的变化或组合。
在这些管道之间还可以设置有波形散热片37、45。

Claims (6)

1.一种具有至少一个集流箱(31、32、41)的热交换器(30、40)，该集流箱具有多个管道孔(20、36、44)并且具有管道(33、42)的管束，其中，所述管道的端部(35、43)被插入到所述集流箱(31、32、41)的管道孔(20、36、44)内，其中，所述管道(33、42)具有宽面侧和位于端侧的两个窄面侧，所述宽面侧具有长度L1且具有相对而置的管侧壁，所述窄面侧具有宽度l0且具有相应的管壁拱形部，其特征在于，所述管壁拱形部具有圆拱形的轮廓并具有直径l1，该直径l1比相对而置的管侧壁的间距l0大10％；
所述集流箱(31、32、41)的管道孔(20、36、44)具有与管道(33、42)的轮廓相同的轮廓并具有隆起的边缘(4)作为削缘孔，该边缘向内指入到集流箱(31、32、41)内部或者从该集流箱(31、32、41)向外指出；
圆拱形的管壁拱形部与隆起的边缘(4)焊接在一起以提供更大的焊接面积。
2.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器，其特征在于，所述管壁拱形部的直径l1比相对而置的管侧壁的间距l0大15％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器，其特征在于，设置有两个集流箱(31、32)，其中，每个管道端部(35)都被插入到两个集流箱之一的相应的管道孔(36)内。
4.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器，其特征在于，设置一个集流箱(41)，其中，所述管道(42)被成型地设计，从而所述管道(42)的每个管道端部(43)都插入到所述一个集流箱(41)的相应的管道孔(44)内。
5.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器，其特征在于，管道的管侧壁基本上彼此平行地布置。
6.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器，其特征在于，所述集流箱(21)具有管板(3)和箱顶盖，其中，所述管道孔都被开设在所述管板(3)内。
CN201510155420.1A 2014-04-04 2015-04-02 热交换器 Expired - Fee Related CN104976903B (zh)

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DE102014206612.3 2014-04-04
DE102014206612.3A DE102014206612A1 (de) 2014-04-04 2014-04-04 Wärmetauscher

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CN104976903B true CN104976903B (zh) 2019-01-01

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EP (1) EP2927632A1 (zh)
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US10401097B2 (en) 2019-09-03
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US20150285571A1 (en) 2015-10-08
DE102014206612A1 (de) 2015-10-29

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