CN1049687C - 利用聚醚离子载体抗菌素控制酒精发酵细菌的生长 - Google Patents

利用聚醚离子载体抗菌素控制酒精发酵细菌的生长 Download PDF

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CN1049687C
CN1049687C CN93107070A CN93107070A CN1049687C CN 1049687 C CN1049687 C CN 1049687C CN 93107070 A CN93107070 A CN 93107070A CN 93107070 A CN93107070 A CN 93107070A CN 1049687 C CN1049687 C CN 1049687C
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polyether ionophore
alcohol
fermentation
monensin
sugar
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M·迪明尼阿克
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UNION NATIONALE DES GROUPEMENTS DE DISTALLATERURS D'ALCOOLE (UNGDA)
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
    • C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

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Abstract

本发明涉及应用聚醚离子载体抗菌素来控制酒精(乙醇)发酵中的细菌生长，其中酒精发酵采用各种不同的原料，诸如甜菜糖汁、甘蔗糖汁、稀释的甜菜废糖蜜，稀释的甘蔗废糖蜜，水解的谷物(例如玉米或小麦)，水解的含淀粉块茎作物(例如，土豆或耶路撒冷洋蓟)，葡萄酒，葡萄酒副产品物，苹果酒，和苹果酒副产物等。因此，能够用酵母发酵产生酒精(乙醇)的任何淀粉或含糖物料均可遵照本发明加以应用。

Description

利用聚醚离子载体抗菌素控制酒精发酵细菌的生长
本发明涉及应用聚醚离子载体抗菌素来控制酒精(乙醇)发酵中的细菌生长，其中酒精发酵采用各种不同的原料，诸如甜菜糖汁、甘蔗糖汁、稀释的甜菜废糖蜜，稀释的甘蔗废糖蜜，水解的谷物(例如玉米或小麦)，水解的含淀粉块茎作物(例如，土豆或耶路撒冷洋蓟)，萄葡酒，萄葡酒副产品物，苹果酒，和苹果酒副产物等。因此，能够用酵母发酵产生酒精(乙醇)的任何淀粉或含糖物料均可遵照本发明加以应用。
酒精发酵工厂不能在灭菌条件下进行操作，并且可隐匿多达104至106个生物体/毫升的细菌群体，在极端情况下甚至更多。这类微生物通常是属于乳杆菌属，但也可包括其它类属，诸如链球菌属，芽孢杆菌属，足球菌属，梭状芽孢杆菌属或明串珠菌属(见表1)。
                  表1
    在酒精发酵工厂中能遇到的典型细菌
布赫内氏乳杆菌
胚芽乳杆菌
无乳酸干酪乳杆菌
干酪乳杆菌
短乳杆菌2
短乳杆菌3
嗜酸乳杆菌
林德氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus lindnerii)
肠膜明串珠菌
马蹄足链球菌
戊聚糖足球菌
短芽孢杆菌
蜡状芽孢杆菌
酪酸梭状芽孢杆菌
这些细菌产生有机酸。当细菌总数超过106生物体/毫升时，有机酸的产生量变得很显著。
在浓度大于1克/升时，这类有机酸就阻止酵母的生长和发酵并造成工厂的生产能力下降10％至20％，或者更多。
对于某些原料，如萄葡酒，苹果酒或它们的副产物，这类细菌还能使甘油降解为丙烯醛(是一种致癌物质)，从而使酒精产品不能被人所饮用。
本发明在于在发酵液中引入浓度为0.3-3ppm的一种聚醚离子载体抗菌素。对细菌群体的控制可消除或大大地减少由细菌以及由它们产生的有机酸所造成的问题。聚醚离子载体对酵母(酵母属)没有有害的影响。
我们用数种聚醚离子载体抗菌素，例如莫能星(monesin)，拉沙洛西(lasalosid)和沙利霉素，对得自甜菜废糖蜜的发酵原料进行实验。这些实验证明，对于这些分子，其存在的抑菌或杀菌浓度范围约为0.5ppm至约1.5ppm。在抑菌浓度下，可以检测到细菌群体生长而/所产生的有机酸没有增加。在杀菌浓度下，可以测到细菌总数下降，且同样没有增加有机酸的产生量(见表2)。
                                         表2莫能星对布赫内氏乳杆菌浓度的影响
                                      初原始条件接种物：2×108个细胞/毫升酸度：1克/升pH5.6
    莫能星浓度ppm 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
    24小时后的细菌计数 4×106 8×105 104 ＜103 2×102 2×102 2×102
    48小时后的细菌计数 109 2×106 2×103 ＜103 ＜103 ＜103 ＜103
    酸度(克/升)     5      1      1      1      1      1      1
        pH    4.5     5.6     5.6     5.6     5.6     5.6     5.6
    酸度(克/升)的变化 4.2 0 0 0 0 0 0
以上给定的抑菌和杀菌浓度(约0.5至约1.5ppm)是可用于其它聚醚离子载体抗菌素，如莫能星、拉沙洛西和沙利霉素的典型用量。其它的聚醚离子载体抗菌素，如那仑星(narasin)，马度米星(maduramycin)、赛母度米星(Semduramycin)等电可使用。
聚醚离子载体抗菌素是很稳定的化合物。它们长期或在高温下不容易降解，这对于发酵工厂是有价值的，因为：
1.在典型的发酵工厂操作条件下，它们能在很多天内维持活性；
2.在谷物或块茎作物发酵之前对淀粉进行的酶促水解过程中所遇到的高温条件下，它们仍保持有活性(90℃下2小时或100℃下1.5小时)。
例如，在一种含106个细菌/毫升的稀释糖蜜汁中引入1ppm莫能星。图1显示在33℃下经过20天细菌总数的下降情况。在这段期间的任何时刻，细菌都没有恢复生长。这就表明在普通的发酵工厂操作条件下，莫能星能在33℃下至少可保持活性20天。
本发明的另一个实施例示于图2中。它涉及到一个连续加工操作的酒精发酵工厂。在第7天，细菌污染程度超过106个生物体/毫升。在第8天，开始在发酵罐中引入有效量的莫能星(溶解在乙醇中)加以处理。这一莫能星的浓度随着额外添加含相似浓度莫能星的原料而可保持24小时。在第9天，停止向原料中添加莫能菌素。在处理开始的当时，细菌总数开始很快地下降。这一下降持续直到第10天，也即处理结束后24小时。在这一阶段，莫能菌素从发酵液体中消失了，且细菌慢慢地恢复生长。然而，在继后15天内仍然是可控制的，这是因为经过处理后降低了污染水平。

Claims (5)

1.一种利用酵母进行酒精发酵的方法，其特征在于向发酵介质中引入浓度为0.3-3ppm的聚醚离子载体抗菌素，所述聚醚离子载体抗菌素选自莫能星、拉沙洛西、沙利霉素、那仑星、马度米星和赛母度米星。
2.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于该方法适合于在用酵母进行酒精发酵中使用的所有含糖原料。
3.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于所述聚醚离子载体抗菌素的用量是在0.5至1.5ppm之间。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项的方法，其特征在于所采用的原料是各种糖蜜。
5.根据权利要求1至3中任一项的方法，其特征在于聚醚离子载体抗菌素是莫能星(monesin)。
CN93107070A 1992-01-27 1993-05-15 利用聚醚离子载体抗菌素控制酒精发酵细菌的生长 Expired - Fee Related CN1049687C (zh)

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US7141598B2 (en) * 2000-11-17 2006-11-28 Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd. Imidazole derivatives, production method thereof and use thereof
WO2005000795A2 (en) * 2003-06-10 2005-01-06 Smithkline Beecham Corporation Aniline derivatived androgen-, glucocorticoid-, mineralcorticoid- and progesterone- receptor modulators
CN100496525C (zh) * 2004-04-02 2009-06-10 李嫦梅 从洋蓟根、茎、叶中提取活性成份的方法及其应用
TW200611898A (en) 2004-05-28 2006-04-16 Speedel Experimenta Ag Organic compounds
TW200608978A (en) * 2004-05-28 2006-03-16 Speedel Experimenta Ag Organic compounds
TW200616623A (en) * 2004-05-28 2006-06-01 Speedel Experimenta Ag Organic compounds
AR049667A1 (es) * 2004-07-09 2006-08-23 Speedel Experimenta Ag Heterociclos condensados conteniendo n como inhibidores de aromatasa y procedimiento para prepararlos
JP5159303B2 (ja) 2005-03-03 2013-03-06 武田薬品工業株式会社 放出制御組成物
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CN101250559B (zh) * 2008-03-14 2010-12-29 厦门大学 一种利用天然抗菌剂防治酒精发酵染菌的方法
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106665636A (zh) * 2015-11-07 2017-05-17 郑州明德生物科技有限公司 采用月桂酰精氨酸乙酯抑制酒精发酵污染微生物的方法

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NO301118B1 (no) 1997-09-15
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AU668708B2 (en) 1996-05-16
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