CN104961180A - Multi-effect solar seawater concentrating and desalting device - Google Patents

Multi-effect solar seawater concentrating and desalting device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104961180A
CN104961180A CN201510340249.1A CN201510340249A CN104961180A CN 104961180 A CN104961180 A CN 104961180A CN 201510340249 A CN201510340249 A CN 201510340249A CN 104961180 A CN104961180 A CN 104961180A
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China
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tank
vacuum heat
flash
collecting pipe
flash vaporization
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CN201510340249.1A
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CN104961180B (en
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苏润西
费学宁
苑宏英
姜远光
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Tianjin Chengjian University
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Tianjin Chengjian University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/142Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation

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  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a solar seawater concentrating and desalting device. The solar seawater concentrating and desalting device comprises a liquid level control unit of a floater liquid level control tank, a primary steam generating unit, a steam generating and condensing unit and a last-stage steam condensing unit, wherein the primary steam generating unit consists of a primary solar vacuum collecting tube and a flash evaporating tank; the steam generating and condensing unit consists of a flash evaporation tank, an inverted-U-shaped liquid sealing tube and a secondary solar vacuum collecting tube; and the last-stage steam condensing unit consists of a condensing thermal transfer tube in the floater liquid level control tank. The solar seawater concentrating and desalting device has the advantages that 4.56kg of fresh water can be generated in each square of thermal collecting area for every hour by the device trough three-effect evaporation, positive-pressure operation is implemented in a desalting process, a vacuum pump is not required, a common multi-effect evaporation inter-effect circulating pump is not required either, and power consumption is saved; fresh water generating efficiency is three times higher than that of the conventional evaporation mode, the concentration multiple of concentrated water is high, the solar seawater concentrating and desalting device is convenient, and a vacuum environment is not required to be produced.

Description

Multiple-effect solar energy sea water concentrates and desalting equipment
Technical field
The invention belongs to desalination with Solar Energy field, particularly relate to a kind of multiple-effect solar energy sea water utilizing sun power to provide heat and evaporator evaporation temperature head to realize and concentrate and desalting equipment.
Background technology
Seawater is as the unconventional water source of one, and it more than 96%, wherein also has Na containing fresh water amount +, K +, Ca 2+, Cl -, SO 4 2-, HCO 3 -, Br -deng abundant element resource.Obtain fresh water in seawater sepn process while, also improving inorganics concentration of element, providing convenience for extracting related substance further.In existing main flow desalination technology, Re Fa and reverse osmosis membrane account for major portion, and in hot method, the generation of multi-effect distilling steam relies on the difference of the saturated-steam temperature between effect to complete the effect condensation of steam and a steam raising for this effect; Multistage flash evaporation relies on the sensible heat contribution of the seawater of big cycle volume to carry out steam and produces; Machinery is calmed the anger to distill and has mainly been relied on the adiabatic compression of saturation steam to realize condensation repeatedly and the evaporation of steam.Further, multi-effect distilling, multistage flash evaporation generally all want vacuum system to maintain multiple-effect or multistage parameter.Reverse osmosis membrane mainly relies on high working pressure, makes solvent composition water molecules form fresh water by film, and its main consumption of power is electric energy.Energy consumption problem is the key breakthrough technology of sea water desaltination always.
In the region of remote districts or unregulated power supply, the utilization of regular seawater desalination method is restricted, simultaneously when the coastal disaster relief or emergent, the sea water desalinating plant developing high efficiency movement is very necessary.As long as there is sunshine, just can supplies high-quality fresh water by Quick, meanwhile, the dense water of high density can be produced.
Summary of the invention
For solving the technical problem existed in known technology, the invention provides a kind of multiple-effect solar energy sea water and concentrating and desalting equipment, mainly utilize sun power complete the desalination of seawater and concentrate.Utilize potential difference relation to control flash vaporization point, control electro-magnetic valve by temperature sensor and realize desalination and concentrate.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is to provide a kind of multiple-effect solar energy sea water and concentrates and desalting equipment, wherein: the flash tank of least significant end due to have the liquid level difference of Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case maximum, tank internal pressure is maximum, flash tank only completes the generation of primary steam, flash vaporization tank then completing flash distillation simultaneously, completes the condensation of steam.Controlled the flashing pressure of flash tank by inverted U liquid sealing pipe, with the same neighboring secondary evaporative condenser tank controlled by other inverted U liquid sealing pipe, high-temperature steam condensation produces the lower steam of temperature simultaneously, realizes the repeatedly utilization of high-grade steam.Final stage evaporation be not equipped with inverted U liquid sealing pipe, and final stage flash vaporization tank with have the liquid level difference of Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case minimum, its evaporating pressure is minimum.The steam produced in each flash vaporization tank enters subordinate's flash vaporization tank, and vapor condensation becomes fresh water to collect in fresh water tank, enters dense water pot from flash tank concentrated seawater out.
Effect of the present invention is: rely on potential difference and inverted U pipe Altitude control vaporization temperature at different levels, ensure that vaporization temperature at different levels is poor, realizes fresh water multiple and increases.At irradiation intensity 950W/m 2when solar energy heating efficiency is 50%, common evaporation every square metre of collector area per hour produces fresh water 0.76kg fresh water, and triple effect evaporation of the present invention every square metre of collector area per hour produces fresh water 4.56kg, desalination process positive pressure operation, without the need to vacuum pump, without the need to general multiple-effect evaporation effect between recycle pump, save power consumption.Fresh water generation efficiency is higher more than 3 times than conventional evaporation, and dense water cycles of concentration is high, is that a kind of solar energy sea water easily without the need to manufacturing vacuum concentrates and desalting equipment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that solar energy sea water of the present invention concentrates and desalting equipment schematic diagram.
In figure:
1, Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case 2, elementary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 3, secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe
4, temperature sensor 5, dense water tank 6, temperature control electromagnetic 7, flash tank 8, fresh water tanks
9, the first inverted U liquid sealing pipe 10, second inverted U liquid sealing pipe 11, evaporative condenser pipe
12, flash vaporization tank 13, evaporative condenser pipe 14, flash vaporization tank
15, final stage solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 16, prolong 17, seawater water tank
Embodiment
And concentrating unit concentrated to multiple-effect solar energy sea water of the present invention explains detailedly by reference to the accompanying drawings.
Multiple-effect solar energy sea water of the present invention concentrates and desalting equipment principle: the balance of the aqueous solution and water vapour depends on temperature and pressure, removes ebullioscopic impact, and when flashing pressure is large, the saturated-steam temperature that flash vaporization goes out is high; When flashing pressure is low, the saturated-steam temperature that flash vaporization goes out is low.Latent heat, all transforms during condensation when the flash vaporization that temperature is lower by the saturation steam that temperature is higher, and the steam that the temperature of nearly identical amounts is lower produces; Meanwhile, because every grade of flash vaporization tank is all furnished with solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe, the hot sea water heated in thermal-collecting tube changes latent heat with sensible heat in flash vaporization tank at the corresponding levels, and the secondary steam generation of stack up will circulation amplify.Utilize potential difference and inverted U liquid sealing pipe to control to produce pressure reduction needed for steam, realize whole latent heat of the steam that rear class vaporizer utilizes prime vaporizer to produce.Temperature sensor and temperature control electromagnetic is relied on to realize automated system operation.
Utilize above-mentioned multiple-effect solar energy sea water to concentrate with the desalination of desalting equipment and concentration process to be: establish pinnacled former seawater water tank, by there being Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case liquid, seawater is sent into each level solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe from the top down successively, be provided with temperature sensor in each level solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe, magnetic valve completes open and close by given set temperature.Flash tank or flash vaporization tank flashing pressure are determined by potential difference and inverted U liquid sealing pipe height, flash tank is used for primary steam and produces, the quantity of steam that flash vaporization tank produces is made up of two portions, the latent heat evaporated due to the temperature difference when part is the vapor condensation of previous stage changes the secondary steam of latent heat, and another part is that solar energy vacuum tube hot sea water at the corresponding levels exchanges latent thermogenetic steam for sensible heat.If the progression that solar energy vacuum tube and steam generating system are formed is N level, theoretical fresh water total amount is N (N+1)/2, and realize fresh water multiple and increase, meanwhile, seawater is concentrated.
As shown in Figure 1, multiple-effect solar energy sea water of the present invention concentrates and desalting equipment, this concentrates the level control unit including Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case 1 with desalting equipment, the primary steam generation unit of elementary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 2 and flash tank 7, the secondary vapor of flash vaporization tank 12, first inverted U liquid sealing pipe 9, secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 3 produces and condensing unit and include the final stage vapor condensation unit of the condensation heat transfer pipe 16 in Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case 1; The side of described Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case 1 is connected with seawater water tank 1 by pipeline, and opposite side is connected with elementary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 2, secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 3, final stage solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 15 respectively by pipeline; Flash tank 7 vapour outlet is connected with flash vaporization tank 12, final stage flash vaporization tank 14 successively, flash tank 7 is connected with dense water tank 5 respectively with flash vaporization tank 12, final stage flash vaporization tank 14, and elementary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 2, secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 3, final stage solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 15 are connected with flash tank 7, flash vaporization tank 12, final stage flash vaporization tank 14 respectively; Condensation heat transfer pipe 16 is provided with in Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case 1, condensation heat transfer pipe 16 one end is connected with fresh water tanks 8, the other end is connected with final stage flash vaporization tank 14, final stage flash vaporization tank 14 is connected with fresh water tanks 8 by the first inverted U liquid sealing pipe 9, and flash vaporization tank 12 is connected with fresh water tanks 8 by the second inverted U liquid sealing pipe 10; Be provided with temperature sensor 4 in described elementary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 2, and control the opening and closing being located at temperature control electromagnetic 6 between elementary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 2 and flash tank 7; Described flash tank 7 connects flash vaporization tank 12 by pipeline and carries out vapor condensation, is provided with evaporative condenser pipe 11 in flash vaporization tank 12; Evaporative condenser pipe 13 is equipped with in described final stage flash vaporization tank 14; Described secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 3, elementary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 2 and final stage solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 15 are placed successively from the bottom to top; The intermediate steam evaporative condenser unit of described secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 3, flash vaporization tank 12 and the second inverted U liquid sealing pipe 10 composition is the steam raising condensing unit settled according to sustained height of at least one group.
Utilize above-mentioned multiple-effect solar energy sea water to concentrate with the operational process of desalting equipment to be: the seawater in seawater water tank 17 is connected with solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 2,3,15 at different levels by Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case 1, and maintenance liquid level difference, under solar irradiation irradiation, when temperature reaches seawater atmospheric boiling temperature, temperature control electromagnetic at different levels is opened, added that the first inverted U liquid sealing pipe 9, second inverted U liquid sealing pipe 10 controls flash vaporization tank flashing pressure, the steam step-by-step produced from bottom to up reduces.The steam that flash tank 7 produces enters next stage flash vaporization tank 12 and completes vapor condensation, then fresh water tanks 8 is entered, the steam that flash vaporization tank 12 produces enters flash vaporization tank 14 and is condensed into fresh water and enters fresh water tanks 8, the steam total amount that flash vaporization tank 14 produces is, the steam that flash vaporization tank 12 produces is in flash vaporization tank 14 during condensation, the steam of Similar numbers can be produced, add that seawater that final stage solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 15 heats changes latent heat by sensible heat and produces steam equally; The steam total amount that Here it is flash vaporization tank 14 produces, all the other are at different levels the like.The steam that flash vaporization tank 14 produces, simultaneously can hot sea water in advance by condensation in the Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case 1 that is provided with prolong 16, improves system fresh water productive rate and increase concentrated effect.
Embodiment 1
Multiple-effect solar energy sea water of the present invention concentrates and concentrating unit: the para-curve light and heat collection system of light-concentrating solar heat-collection device opening 1200mm at different levels, focal length 27.5mm, through 100mm in thermal-collecting tube, at irradiation 850W/m 2, envrionment temperature 21 DEG C, former seawater temperature 18 DEG C, the between centers of three grades of thermal-collecting tubes is 2000mm, and when in the thermal-collecting tube of bottom, seawater temperature reaches 112 DEG C, the seawater temperature of the second stage reaches 106 DEG C, in the thermal-collecting tube of top during seawater temperature 101 DEG C, temperature control electromagnetic is opened, and system brings into operation.In three hours, 3m 2sunshine area produces fresh water 10L, strong brine 20L.
Embodiment 2
Multiple-effect solar energy sea water of the present invention concentrates and concentrating unit: adopt level Four Φ 100mm 316L inner sleeve stainless steel, stainless steel skin has heat absorption coating, and shell is glass, and centre vacuumizes, at irradiation 900W/m 2envrionment temperature 23 DEG C, former seawater temperature 20 DEG C, the between centers of three grades of thermal-collecting tubes is 1000mm, and when in the thermal-collecting tube of bottom, seawater temperature reaches 112 DEG C, the seawater temperature of the second stage reaches 108 DEG C, the seawater temperature of the second stage reaches 104 DEG C, in the thermal-collecting tube of top during seawater temperature 101 DEG C, temperature control electromagnetic is opened, and system brings into operation.In two hours, 4m 2sunshine area produces fresh water 12L, strong brine 20L.

Claims (5)

1. a multiple-effect solar energy sea water concentrates and desalting equipment, it is characterized in that: this concentrates the level control unit including Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case (1) with desalting equipment, the primary steam generation unit of elementary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (2) and flash tank (7), the secondary vapor of flash vaporization tank (12), the first inverted U liquid sealing pipe (9), secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (3) produces and condensing unit and include the final stage vapor condensation unit of the condensation heat transfer pipe (16) in Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case (1);
The side of described Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case (1) is connected with seawater water tank (1) by pipeline, and opposite side is connected with elementary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (2), secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (3), final stage solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (15) respectively by pipeline; Flash tank (7) vapour outlet is connected with flash vaporization tank (12), final stage flash vaporization tank (14) successively, flash tank (7) is connected with dense water tank (5) respectively with flash vaporization tank (12), final stage flash vaporization tank (14), and elementary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (2), secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (3), final stage solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (15) are connected with flash tank (7), flash vaporization tank (12), final stage flash vaporization tank (14) respectively; Condensation heat transfer pipe (16) is provided with in Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case (1), condensation heat transfer pipe (16) one end is connected with fresh water tanks (8), the other end is connected with final stage flash vaporization tank (14), final stage flash vaporization tank (14) is connected with fresh water tanks (8) by the first inverted U liquid sealing pipe (9), and flash vaporization tank (12) is connected with fresh water tanks (8) by the second inverted U liquid sealing pipe (10).
2. and desalting equipment concentrated according to multiple-effect solar energy sea water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described elementary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (2), be provided with temperature sensor (4), and control the opening and closing being located at temperature control electromagnetic (6) between elementary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (2) and flash tank (7).
3. and desalting equipment concentrated according to multiple-effect solar energy sea water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described flash tank (7) connects flash vaporization tank (12) by pipeline and carries out vapor condensation, is provided with evaporative condenser pipe (11) in flash vaporization tank (12).
4. and desalting equipment concentrated according to multiple-effect solar energy sea water according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be equipped with evaporative condenser pipe (13) in described final stage flash vaporization tank (14).
5. and desalting equipment concentrated according to multiple-effect solar energy sea water according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (3), elementary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (2) and final stage solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (15) are placed successively from the bottom to top.
CN201510340249.1A 2015-06-18 2015-06-18 Multiple-effect solar energy sea water concentrates and desalting plant Expired - Fee Related CN104961180B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106082377A (en) * 2016-08-10 2016-11-09 江苏海克力斯电力科技有限公司 A kind of gradient preheating multistage evaporation-type seawater desalination power generation system

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1502559A (en) * 2002-11-27 2004-06-09 徐宝安 Hot vapour heating, heat siphon circulation submerged pipe type multi-effect evaporation desalting apparatus
CN1535921A (en) * 2003-04-11 2004-10-13 徐宝安 Solar thermosiphon circulating immersion pipe type multieffective evaporation desalination equipment
CN101244849A (en) * 2008-03-28 2008-08-20 苏润西 Solar energy sea water desalination apparatus
CN101525196A (en) * 2009-04-16 2009-09-09 江苏双良空调设备股份有限公司 Multi-effect distilled seawater desalting plant with pre-heater

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1502559A (en) * 2002-11-27 2004-06-09 徐宝安 Hot vapour heating, heat siphon circulation submerged pipe type multi-effect evaporation desalting apparatus
CN1535921A (en) * 2003-04-11 2004-10-13 徐宝安 Solar thermosiphon circulating immersion pipe type multieffective evaporation desalination equipment
CN101244849A (en) * 2008-03-28 2008-08-20 苏润西 Solar energy sea water desalination apparatus
CN101525196A (en) * 2009-04-16 2009-09-09 江苏双良空调设备股份有限公司 Multi-effect distilled seawater desalting plant with pre-heater

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106082377A (en) * 2016-08-10 2016-11-09 江苏海克力斯电力科技有限公司 A kind of gradient preheating multistage evaporation-type seawater desalination power generation system

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