CN104961180B - Multiple-effect solar energy sea water concentrates and desalting plant - Google Patents

Multiple-effect solar energy sea water concentrates and desalting plant Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104961180B
CN104961180B CN201510340249.1A CN201510340249A CN104961180B CN 104961180 B CN104961180 B CN 104961180B CN 201510340249 A CN201510340249 A CN 201510340249A CN 104961180 B CN104961180 B CN 104961180B
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China
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tank
flash
vacuum heat
pipe
steam
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CN201510340249.1A
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CN104961180A (en
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苏润西
费学宁
苑宏英
姜远光
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Tianjin Chengjian University
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Tianjin Chengjian University
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of solar energy sea water to concentrate and desalting plant, and this concentration and desalting plant include Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case level control unit；Primary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe and the primary steam generation unit of flash tank composition；Flash vaporization tank, inverted U liquid sealing pipe, the steam of secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe composition produce and condensing unit；And include the final stage steam condensing unit of the condensation heat transfer pipe composition in Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case.The effect of the present invention is that every square metre of collector area produces fresh water 4.56kg per hour for this device triple effect evaporation, desalination process positive pressure operation, without vacuum pump, need not circulating pump, saving power consumption typically between the effect of multiple-effect evaporation.Fresh water generation efficiency is higher more than 3 times than conventional evaporation, and concentrated water cycles of concentration is high, is that a kind of solar energy sea water that easily need not manufacture vacuum concentrates and desalting plant.

Description

Multiple-effect solar energy sea water concentrates and desalting plant
Technical field
The invention belongs to desalination with Solar Energy field, more particularly to one kind are provided that heat and steaming using the sun Send out the concentration of multiple-effect solar energy sea water and the desalting plant that device evaporating temperature difference is realized.
Background technology
As a kind of unconventional water source, its amount containing fresh water, more than 96%, wherein also has Na to sea water+、K+、Ca2+、Cl-、 SO4 2-、HCO3 -、Br-Deng abundant element resource.While obtaining fresh water in sea water separation process, also improve inorganic matter-element Plain concentration, for extracting relevant material provides convenient further.In existing main flow desalination technology, full-boiled process and reverse osmosis membrane Account for major portion, in full-boiled process, producing of multi-effect distilling steam relies on the saturated-steam temperature difference between effect to complete an effect steam Condensation and the steam raising of this effect；Multistage flash evaporation relies on the sensible heat of the sea water of big cycle volume to contribute to complete steam generation；Machinery Distillation of calming the anger relies primarily on condensation repeatedly and evaporation to realize steam for the adiabatic compression completing saturated vapor.And, it is no matter many Effect distillation, multistage flash evaporation typically vacuum system will maintain multiple-effect or multistage parameter.Reverse osmosis membrane relies primarily on high operation Pressure, makes solvent composition hydrone form fresh water by film, and it mainly consumes power is electric energy.Energy consumption problem is always sea water The key breakthrough technology of desalination.
Remote districts or unregulated power supply region, regular seawater desalination method using being restricted, simultaneously on edge The extra large disaster relief or emergent in the case of, the sea water desalinating unit developing efficient movement is very necessary.As long as there being sunshine, with regard to energy Quick offer high-quality fresh water, meanwhile, can produce high concentration concentrated water.
Content of the invention
For solving technical problem present in known technology, the present invention provides a kind of multiple-effect solar energy sea water to concentrate and desalinates Device, mainly completes desalination and the concentration of sea water using solar energy.Control flash temperature using potential difference relation, by temperature sensing Device controls electro-magnetic valve to realize desalination and concentrate.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is to provide a kind of multiple-effect solar energy sea water to concentrate and light Gasifying device, wherein：The flash tank of least significant end, due to, pressure inside the tank maximum maximum with the liquid level difference having Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case, dodges Steaming pot only completes the generation of primary steam, and flash vaporization tank then completes flash distillation simultaneously, completes the condensation of steam.By inverted U Liquid sealing pipe controls the flashing pressure of flash tank, with the same neighboring secondary evaporative condenser tank being controlled by other inverted U liquid sealing pipe, height Warm steam condensation produces the relatively low steam of temperature simultaneously, realizes repeatedly utilizing of high-grade steam.Final stage evaporation is not equipped with Inverted U liquid sealing pipe, and final stage flash vaporization tank is minimum with the liquid level difference having Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case, its evaporating pressure is minimum.Respectively The steam producing in flash vaporization tank enters subordinate's flash vaporization tank, and steam is condensed into fresh water and collects in fresh water tank, from flash tank Concentrated seawater out enters concentrated water tank.
The effect of the present invention is：Rely on potential difference and inverted U pipe height controls evaporating temperatures at different levels it is ensured that evaporating temperature at different levels Difference, realizes fresh water multiple and increases.In irradiation intensity 950W/m2, when solar energy heating efficiency is 50%, common evaporation is every per hour Square metre collector area produces fresh water 0.76kg fresh water, and triple effect evaporation of the present invention every square metre of collector area produces fresh water per hour 4.56kg, desalination process positive pressure operation, without vacuum pump, need not circulating pump typically between the effect of multiple-effect evaporation, save power consumption.Fresh water Generation efficiency is higher more than 3 times than conventional evaporation, and concentrated water cycles of concentration is high, is a kind of solar energy sea that easily need not manufacture vacuum Water concentrates and desalting plant.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is that solar energy sea water of the present invention concentrates and desalting plant schematic diagram.
In figure：
1st, Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case 2, primary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 3, secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe
4th, temperature sensor 5, concentrated water water tank 6, temperature control electromagnetic 7, flash tank 8, fresh water tanks
9th, the first inverted U liquid sealing pipe 10, the second inverted U liquid sealing pipe 11, evaporative condenser pipe
12nd, flash vaporization tank 13, evaporative condenser pipe 14, flash vaporization tank
15th, final stage solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 16, condensing tube 17, sea water water tank
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with accompanying drawing, the multiple-effect solar energy sea water of the present invention is concentrated and enrichment facility explains detailedly.
The multiple-effect solar energy sea water of the present invention concentrates and desalting plant principle:The balance of aqueous solution and vapor depends on temperature Degree and pressure, remove ebullioscopic impact, and when flashing pressure is big, the saturated-steam temperature that flash vaporization goes out is high；Flashing pressure When low, the saturated-steam temperature that flash vaporization goes out is low.The higher saturated vapor of temperature condenses in the relatively low flash vaporization of temperature When, latent heat is totally converted, the steam that the temperature of nearly identical amounts is relatively low produces；Simultaneously as every grade of flash vaporization tank is all joined There is solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe, in thermal-collecting tube, the hot sea water of heating changes latent heat, stack up with sensible heat in this grade of flash vaporization tank Indirect steam yield will circulate amplification.Controlled using potential difference and inverted U liquid sealing pipe and produce pressure reduction needed for steam, after realization Level vaporizer utilizes whole latent heat of the steam of prime vaporizer generation.Temperature sensor and temperature control electromagnetic is relied on to realize system Automatic running.
Using the concentration of above-mentioned multiple-effect solar energy sea water and the desalination of desalting plant and concentration process it is：If pinnacled former sea Sea water is sequentially sent to each level solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe by there being Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case liquid, often by water tank from the top down It is provided with temperature sensor, electromagnetic valve completes to play open and close by given setting temperature in individual level solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe Close.Flash tank or flash vaporization tank flashing pressure are highly determined by potential difference and inverted U liquid sealing pipe, and flash tank is used for primary steam and produces Raw, the quantity of steam that flash vaporization tank produces is made up of two parts, and a part is because the temperature difference is steamed during the steam condensation of previous stage The latent heat sent out changes the indirect steam of latent heat, and it is latent thermogenetic that another part is that this grade of solar energy vacuum tube hot sea water is exchanged for sensible heat Steam.If the series that solar energy vacuum tube and steam generating system are constituted is N level, theoretical fresh water total amount is N (N+1)/2, real Existing fresh water multiple increases, and meanwhile, sea water is concentrated.
As shown in figure 1, the multiple-effect solar energy sea water of the present invention concentrates and desalting plant, this concentration and desalting plant include The level control unit of Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case 1, the primary steam of primary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 2 and flash tank 7 produces list Unit, flash vaporization tank 12, the first inverted U liquid sealing pipe 9, the secondary vapor of secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 3 produce and condensation is single Unit and the final stage steam condensing unit including the condensation heat transfer pipe 16 in Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case 1；Described Floating Ball Liquid Level control The side of case 1 processed is connected with sea water water tank 1 by pipeline, opposite side pass through pipeline respectively with primary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 2, Secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 3, final stage solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 15 are connected；Flash tank 7 steam (vapor) outlet is steamed with flash distillation successively Send out tank 12, final stage flash vaporization tank 14 is connected, flash tank 7 and flash vaporization tank 12, final stage flash vaporization tank 14 respectively with concentrated water Water tank 5 connects, primary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 2, secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 3, final stage solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 15 It is connected with flash tank 7, flash vaporization tank 12, final stage flash vaporization tank 14 respectively；It is provided with condensation to pass in Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case 1 Heat pipe 16, condensation heat transfer pipe 16 one end is connected with fresh water tanks 8, and the other end is connected with final stage flash vaporization tank 14, final stage flash distillation Evaporator 14 is connected with fresh water tanks 8 by the first inverted U liquid sealing pipe 9, and flash vaporization tank 12 passes through the second inverted U liquid sealing pipe 10 It is connected with fresh water tanks 8；It is provided with temperature sensor 4 in described primary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 2, and control and be located at primary too The opening and closing of temperature control electromagnetic 6 between solar energy vacuum thermal-collecting tube 2 and flash tank 7；Described flash tank 7 connects flash vaporization by pipeline Tank 12 carries out steam condensation, is provided with evaporative condenser pipe 11 in flash vaporization tank 12；It is equipped with described final stage flash vaporization tank 14 Evaporative condenser pipe 13；Described secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 3, primary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 2 and final stage are solar energy evacuated Thermal-collecting tube 15 is placed successively from the bottom to top；Described secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 3, flash vaporization tank 12 and the second inverted U liquid The intermediate steam evaporative condenser unit of tube sealing 10 composition, is the steam raising condensation list disposing according to sustained height of least one set Unit.
Concentrated using above-mentioned multiple-effect solar energy sea water and the running of desalting plant is：Sea water in sea water water tank 17 leads to Cross Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case 1 to be connected with solar vacuum heat-collecting pipes 2,3,15 at different levels, and keep liquid level difference, in solar irradiation irradiation Under, when temperature reaches sea water atmospheric boiling temperature, temperature control electromagnetic at different levels are opened, added the first inverted U liquid sealing pipe 9, Two inverted U liquid sealing pipe 10 controls flash vaporization tank flashing pressure, and the steam step-by-step producing from bottom to up reduces.Flash tank 7 produces Steam enter next stage flash vaporization tank 12 and complete steam condensation, subsequently into fresh water tanks 8, flash vaporization tank 12 produces Steam enter flash vaporization tank 14 be condensed into fresh water enter fresh water tanks 8, flash vaporization tank 14 produce steam total amount be, flash distillation When the steam that evaporator 12 produces condenses in flash vaporization tank 14, the steam of Similar numbers can be produced, add final stage solar energy The sea water of vacuum heat collection pipe 15 heating changes latent heat by sensible heat and equally produces steam；Here it is the steam that flash vaporization tank 14 produces is total Amount, remaining is at different levels the like.The steam that flash vaporization tank 14 produces is by being provided with the Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case 1 of condensing tube 16 Condensation, simultaneously can pre- hot sea water, raising system fresh water yield and increase concentrated effect.
Embodiment 1
The multiple-effect solar energy sea water of the present invention concentrates and enrichment facility：Light-concentrating solar heat-collection device opening 1200mm at different levels, The parabola light and heat collection system of focal length 27.5mm, through 100mm in thermal-collecting tube, in irradiation 850W/m2, 21 DEG C of ambient temperature, former 18 DEG C of ocean temperature, the center distance of three-level thermal-collecting tube is 2000mm, when in the thermal-collecting tube of bottom, ocean temperature reaches 112 DEG C, the Two grades of ocean temperature reaches 106 DEG C, and in the thermal-collecting tube of top during 101 DEG C of ocean temperature, temperature control electromagnetic is opened, and system starts to transport OK.In three hours, 3m2Sunshine area produces fresh water 10L, strong brine 20L.
Embodiment 2
The multiple-effect solar energy sea water of the present invention concentrates and enrichment facility：Using level Four Φ 100mm 316L inner sleeve rustless steel, Rustless steel outer layer has heat absorption coating, and shell is glass, and middle evacuation, in irradiation 900W/m2, 23 DEG C of ambient temperature, former sea water 20 DEG C of temperature, the center distance of three-level thermal-collecting tube is 1000mm, when in the thermal-collecting tube of bottom, ocean temperature reaches 112 DEG C, the second level Ocean temperature reach 108 DEG C, the ocean temperature of the second level reaches 104 DEG C, in the thermal-collecting tube of top during 101 DEG C of ocean temperature, temperature Control electromagnetic valve is opened, and system brings into operation.In two hours, 4m2Sunshine area produces fresh water 12L, strong brine 20L.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of multiple-effect solar energy sea water concentrates and desalting plant, it is characterized in that：This concentration and desalting plant include ball float liquid The level control unit of position control chamber (1), the primary steam of primary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (2) and flash tank (7) produces list Unit, flash vaporization tank (12), the first inverted U liquid sealing pipe (9), the secondary vapor of secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (3) produce and During condensing unit, secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (3), flash vaporization tank (12) and the second inverted U liquid sealing pipe (10) form Between steam raising condensing unit and include the condensation heat transfer pipe (16) in Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case (1) final stage steam condensation Unit；Described intermediate steam evaporative condenser unit is the steam raising condensing unit that least one set disposes according to sustained height；
The side of described Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case (1) is connected with sea water water tank (17) by pipeline, and opposite side is by pipeline respectively With primary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (2), secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (3), final stage solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (15) by Under supreme placement be sequentially connected；Flash tank (7) steam (vapor) outlet successively with flash vaporization tank (12), final stage flash vaporization tank (14) phase Even, flash tank (7) is connected with concentrated water water tank (5) respectively with flash vaporization tank (12), final stage flash vaporization tank (14), the primary sun Can vacuum heat collection pipe (2), secondary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (3), final stage solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (15) respectively with flash tank (7), flash vaporization tank (12), final stage flash vaporization tank (14) are connected；It is provided with condensation heat transfer pipe in Floating Ball Liquid Level Control case (1) (16), condensation heat transfer pipe (16) one end is connected with fresh water tanks (8), and the other end is connected with final stage flash vaporization tank (14), final stage Flash vaporization tank (14) is connected with fresh water tanks (8) by the first inverted U liquid sealing pipe (9), and flash vaporization tank (12) passes through second Inverted U liquid sealing pipe (10) is connected with fresh water tanks (8).
2. concentrate and desalting plant according to the multiple-effect solar energy sea water described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described primary solar energy It is provided with temperature sensor (4) in vacuum heat collection pipe (2), and control and be located at primary solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (2) and flash tank (7) opening and closing of temperature control electromagnetic (6) between.
3. concentrate and desalting plant according to the multiple-effect solar energy sea water described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described flash tank (7) Flash vaporization tank (12) is connected by pipeline and carries out steam condensation, in flash vaporization tank (12), be provided with evaporative condenser pipe (11).
CN201510340249.1A 2015-06-18 2015-06-18 Multiple-effect solar energy sea water concentrates and desalting plant Expired - Fee Related CN104961180B (en)

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CN106082377A (en) * 2016-08-10 2016-11-09 江苏海克力斯电力科技有限公司 A kind of gradient preheating multistage evaporation-type seawater desalination power generation system

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CN100488884C (en) * 2002-11-27 2009-05-20 北京环能海臣科技有限公司 Hot vapour heating, heat siphon circulation submerged pipe type multi-effect evaporation desalting apparatus
CN100411999C (en) * 2003-04-11 2008-08-20 徐宝安 Solar thermosiphon circulating immersion pipe type multieffective evaporation desalination equipment
CN101244849B (en) * 2008-03-28 2010-06-09 苏润西 Solar energy sea water desalination apparatus
CN101525196A (en) * 2009-04-16 2009-09-09 江苏双良空调设备股份有限公司 Multi-effect distilled seawater desalting plant with pre-heater

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