CN106745434A - A kind of operation under positive pressure desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation system based on the middle temperature heat build-up of solar energy - Google Patents
A kind of operation under positive pressure desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation system based on the middle temperature heat build-up of solar energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN106745434A CN106745434A CN201710207313.8A CN201710207313A CN106745434A CN 106745434 A CN106745434 A CN 106745434A CN 201710207313 A CN201710207313 A CN 201710207313A CN 106745434 A CN106745434 A CN 106745434A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/043—Details
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of malleation desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation system based on the middle temperature heat build-up of solar energy, and converging solar radiation using flat board heat build-up technology obtains high energy current density, there is provided the middle temperature potential temperature thermal source needed for desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation system（100‑150℃）.By non-concentrating but solar energy heat build-up mode middle temperature energy supply, it is to avoid complicated condenser system, and make desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation system work under positive pressure, in non-vacuum environment, effectively reduce energy consumption and make water cost.System is main to be made up of the controlled steam generation device of the middle temperature heat build-up of solar energy and the multistage preheating temperature bath of common solar heat collector array energy supply.Wherein, main six parts such as including metallic vapour generator tube, metal heat build-up collecting plate, printing opacity heat-barrier material, heat-barrier material, glass sandwich, support of the controlled steam generation device of the middle temperature heat build-up of solar energy；The preheating temperature baths at different levels of common solar heat collector array energy supply set the step heating that different temperature are used to intake, and reduce radiation loss.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of seawater desalination system, more particularly to a kind of malleation based on the middle temperature heat build-up of non-concentrating solar energy
Operation desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation system, belongs to solar energy heat utilization field.
Background technology
The energy and resource are the most basic key elements for maintaining the human society survival and development.Solar energy be it is a kind of it is inexhaustible,
Widely distributed renewable and clean energy resource, it is developed has great importance for solving global energy with environmental crisis.
Water is the important component of natural resources, and human being's production life be unable to do without water.Covered by water on the surface that although earth has 71%
Lid, but river water, freshwater lake water and phreatic water that the mankind really are able to utilize account for global fresh water gross reserves
0.3%, only account for 7th/100000th of global total moisture storage capacity.The distribution of freshwater resources is also extremely uneven on the earth.About 65% water money
Source is concentrated on less than 10 countries, and accounts for 80 countries and regions serious water shortages of world population sum 40%.For edge
Extra large water shortage area and anhydrous islands and reefs, desalinization are the effective ways for solving shortage of water resources.It is interior with semiarid in some arids
Land area, such as Xinjiang of China some areas, due to saline Land, saliferous is too high in the river of downstream, cannot drink and be used for
Agricultural irrigation.Additionally, reducing arable land salinity using desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching mode, the saline-alkali water for coming out is also required to desalt processing.Therefore, it is coastal
Regional seawater and hinterland saline-alkali water are desalinated, and for solving local shortage of fresh water, promote industrial or agricultural and Economic Sustainability
Development plays an important roll.
The mankind are very early that desalinization supplies energy using solar energy, have developed the solar energy closing-sunning type sea of diversified forms
Water maker, and improved using modes such as external mirror, solar heat collector heating.These devices are not required to outside substantially
Other energy are input into, but aquifer yield and efficiency of utilization be not high.Main cause has at 2 points：One is that solar radiant energy metric density is low
（1000 W/ m2）, and whole feed liquors in device for simultaneous heating, water vapor temperature is high；Two be water evaporation latent heat it is larger（One
Under individual atmospheric pressure, the latent heat of vaporization of water is 2257.2kJ/kg at 100 DEG C）, the latent heat after water recovery in such device not
It is recycled.The problem not high for water vapor temperature, with the development of manufacturing technology, is carried using optical concentration in recent years
The energy density of solar radiation high, obtains higher temperatures position heat energy, has realized from low-concentration（Less than 10 times）To high power concentrator（It is super
Cross 1000 times）Various applications.It is seawater desalination system energy supply to use optical concentrator, effectively increase energy supply heat source temperature and
Aquifer yield.But solar condenser generally comprises high-quality curved optic minute surface, followed the trail of using complicated tracking system in operation
The sun, there is also construction and operation expense problem higher.
It is to be multiplexed vapour latent heat, improves system producing water ratio and energy utilization efficiency, the hot method seawater of modern scale
Desalination technology uses multistage flash vaporization（MSF）And multiple-effect distillation（MED）.MSF draws after raw material seawater is heated into uniform temperature
Enter flash chamber, the Stress control in flash chamber is in saturated vapor pressure corresponding less than hot sea water temperature, therefore hot sea water enters flash distillation
Hot solution and rapidly partial gasification were become behind room, the reduction of hot sea water own temperature is as light after produced steam condensation
Water.MED is to allow the seawater after heating to be evaporated in the horizontal tube sprinkling falling-film evaporators of multiple series connection, defeated with a certain amount of steam
Enter first effect, the steam that previous effect is evaporated as latter effect thermal source, the evaporating temperature and pressure of latter effect are below previous
Effect, by repeatedly evaporation and condensation, obtains being multiple times than the desalination process of the distilled water of quantity of steam.Hot method MSF and MED technical operation
Temperature is not high, repeats the latent heat using water vapour condensation, obtains many times of aquifer yields, but needs a large amount of steam, at present typically with
Power plant builds together, and by recycling power plant's used heat, reduces the energy consumption and cost of production steam；Due to negative pressure operation, system architecture
And operation control is complicated, power consumption and water high cost is made.
It can be seen that, desalination with Solar Energy is made some progress, but foregoing key difficulties are not still solved.Pin
The problem exist to these, the present invention realizes middle temperature energy supply using non-concentrating solar energy heat gathering and energy collecting device, and on this basis
A kind of desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation system of operation under positive pressure is devised, not only solves that solar radiant energy metric density is low to cause energy supply
Temperature is low, or the problem of system complex is caused using optical focusing system, and avoids desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation system
In negative pressure work, so as to simplify system architecture, reduce energy consumption and make water cost.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of operation under positive pressure desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation based on the middle temperature heat build-up of solar energy
System, on the basis of middle temperature energy supply, and controllable generation water vapour is realized using non-concentrating solar energy heat gathering and energy collecting device, passes through
The desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation system in middle temperature stable operation is realized in malleation evaporation.
A kind of operation under positive pressure desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation system based on the middle temperature heat build-up of solar energy, mainly by multiple solar energy
Middle temperature heat build-up controlled steam generation device and the multistage preheating temperature bath composition of common solar heat collector array energy supply.Wherein, too
The positive middle temperature heat build-up controlled steam generation device of energy mainly includes metallic vapour generator tube, metal heat build-up collecting plate, the heat-insulated material of printing opacity
Six parts such as material, heat-barrier material, glass sandwich, support；The solar energy converging that will be collected by metal heat build-up collecting plate is to gold
Category steam produces pipe, and heating tube includes seawater, is allowed to vaporization phase transformation.
The metallic vapour generator tube is built-in with 4 vapour pipes, respectively water inlet pipe, water outlet pipe, steam outlet
Pipe, upper level/next stage steam pipe.Part is filled with metallic vapour generator tube during work, but is not filled with seawater.Saliferous aqueous
Face determines according to operating temperature, the energy situation being collected into.So, the heat energy for being converged can concentrate the vapour for less liquid
Change, and greater proportion liquid can exchange heat with heated surface contact, water inlet pipe and steam outlet pipe are placed in more than liquid level, go out
Pouring spout and upper level/next stage steam pipe are placed in the following of liquid level.Upper level/next stage steam duct occlusion runs through whole piece metal
Steam-generating tube, the water vapour produced for upper level passes through, and obtains and exchanges heat energy.
The afterbody of the steam outlet pipe is provided with steam-water separation silk screen, prevents boiling seawater from entering.
The heat build-up collecting plate is high-thermal conductive metal flat board, or comprising heat pipe, for efficient heat transfer, area is according to heat build-up
Temperature requirement and radiation loss determine that in the selectively absorbing layers of middle temperature, steam-generating tube passes through for its light receiving surface preparation work
Assembling buckle is close to heat build-up collecting plate.
The middle temperature heat gathering and energy collecting device of solar energy is placed in surrounding and is in the heat insulation structure of double glazing, and at it
Upper and lower surface is respectively equipped with one layer of printing opacity heat-barrier material and common heat-barrier material.
The malleation desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation system based on the middle temperature heat build-up of solar energy is run under non-vacuum environment
A kind of desalinization system, it is to avoid multiple-effect evaporation works containing seawater desalination system in negative pressure, simplifies the structure of system.
Brackish water is introduced into by the multistage preheating temperature bath segmentation step heating of common solar heat collector array energy supply after pumping into system, and
It is heated near boiling temperature in afterbody preheating temperature bath.The heating of segmentation step is because the heating side of different potential temperatures
Method, radiation loss are different with heat insulation measure；It is in order to as far as possible by common heat collector battle array that afterbody is heated to boiling temperature
Row provide sensible heat needed for water heats up, and the energy that the middle temperature heat gathering and energy collecting device of solar energy is converged is used for water vapor phase transformation as far as possible.Respectively
Preheating temperature bath temperature and the water for being kept are steamed according to system（Water）Speed, determines according to the principle for reducing radiation loss.
Temperature sequentially enters respectively " effect " heat build-up thermal-arrest steam generation device close to the brackish water of boiling point after preheating, heat absorption vaporization wherein,
Transducing releases energy, and the fresh water of permanent set is cooled to slightly above entrance saliferous coolant-temperature gage in brackish water preheating temperature bath, by sensible heat
Exchange to the brackish water for newly pumping into.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：Operation under positive pressure desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation system schematic based on the middle temperature heat build-up of solar energy；
Fig. 2：The middle temperature heat build-up heat collector of solar energy；
In Fig. 2,1-metallic vapour generator tube, 2-metal heat build-up collecting plate, 3-printing opacity heat-barrier material, 4-laminated glass, 5-
Heat-barrier material, 6-support；
Fig. 3：Metallic vapour produces pipe schematic diagram；
In Fig. 3,1-connect one-level steam inlet, 2-delivery port, 3-steam outlet, 4-steam-water separation silk screen, 5-seawater
Liquid level, 6-water inlet, 7-connect next stage steam inlet, 8-steam-generating tube.
Specific embodiment
The present invention proposes a kind of malleation desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation system based on the middle temperature heat build-up of solar energy, below will knot
The present invention is described in detail to close Figure of description.As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, it is a kind of based on the middle temperature heat build-up of solar energy just
Pressure desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation system, by the middle temperature heat build-up controlled steam generation device of multiple solar energy and common solar heat collector battle array
The multistage preheating temperature bath composition of row energy supply.Wherein, the middle temperature heat build-up controlled steam generation device of solar energy mainly includes metal steam
Vapour generator tube（2-1、3-8）, metal heat build-up collecting plate（2-2）, printing opacity heat-barrier material（2-3）, heat-barrier material（2-5）, interlayer glass
Glass（2-4）, support（2-6）Deng six parts.
In Fig. 1, seawater sends into system by water pump, initially enters by the multistage preheating of common solar heat collector array energy supply
Temperature bath segmentation step heating, and it is heated to boiling temperature in afterbody；Seawater flows through multiple and works in not equality of temperature successively
Degree, " effect " steam of pressure are produced in pipe, and each " effect " steam produces the indirect steam that pipe is produced to introduce next " effect " steam and produces
Raw pipe condenses heat release as heating steam in next " effect " steam produces pipe；It is the acquisition of each " effect " energy, conversion, defeated
Fortune and steam production intercouple association.
The heating of segmentation step is because the heating means of different potential temperature, radiation loss are different with heat insulation measure；Finally
It is to try one's best to be provided by common collector array for sensible heat needed for water intensification that one-level is heated to boiling temperature, heat build-up collection hot vaporizer
The energy of convergence is used for water vapor phase transformation as far as possible；After preheating temperature close to the water of boiling point then in each " effect " heat build-up collection thermal evaporation
Energy exchange is simultaneously newly pumped into seawater by transducing, vaporization phase transformation in device, last Water vapor condensation.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of malleation desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation system based on the middle temperature heat build-up of solar energy, mainly by multiple non-concentrating solar energy
Middle temperature heat build-up controlled steam generation device（Metallic vapour generator tube, metal heat build-up collecting plate, printing opacity heat-barrier material, heat-barrier material,
Glass sandwich and the part of support 6）Multistage preheating temperature bath with common solar heat collector array energy supply is constituted；Characterized in that,
Solar radiant energy is converged using flat board heat build-up technology and obtain high energy current density, there is provided in needed for desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation system
Potential temperature thermal source（100℃-150℃）, and desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation system is worked under positive pressure, in non-vacuum environment, have
Effect reduces system energy consumption and makes water cost.
2. the middle temperature heat build-up controlled steam generation device of non-concentrating solar energy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that metal
Steam-generating tube is built-in with 4 vapour pipes, respectively water inlet pipe, water outlet pipe, steam outlet pipe, upper level/next stage
Steam pipe, part is filled with metallic vapour generator tube during work, but is not filled with seawater；Saliferous water level according to operating temperature,
The energy situation that is collected into determines that water inlet pipe and steam outlet pipe are placed in more than liquid level, water outlet pipe and upper level/under
One-level steam pipe is placed in the following of liquid level, and upper level/next stage steam duct occlusion runs through whole piece metallic vapour generator tube.
3. the middle temperature heat build-up controlled steam generation device of non-concentrating solar energy according to right wants 1, it is characterised in that vapor
The afterbody of outlet is provided with steam-water separation silk screen.
4. the middle temperature heat build-up controlled steam generation device of non-concentrating solar energy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that metal
Heat build-up collecting plate upper surface prepares the selectively absorbing layers having in middle-temperature section steady operation, and metallic vapour generator tube is detained by assembling
Plate is close to heat build-up collecting plate.
5. the middle temperature heat build-up controlled steam generation device of non-concentrating solar energy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sun
The middle temperature heat gathering and energy collecting device of energy is placed in surrounding and is in the heat insulation structure of double glazing, and surface and lower surface point thereon
One layer of printing opacity heat-barrier material and common heat-barrier material are not provided with.
6. according to the multistage preheating temperature bath of the common solar heat collector array energy supply described in claim 1, it is characterised in that at different levels
Preheating temperature bath sets different temperature, and afterbody preheating temperature bath temperature is set as near boiling temperature, respectively preheats constant temperature
Pond temperature and the water for being kept are steamed according to system（Water）Speed, determines according to the principle for reducing radiation loss.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710207313.8A CN106745434B (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2017-03-31 | Positive pressure operation multi-effect evaporation sea water desalination system based on solar energy medium temperature heat collection |
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| CN201710207313.8A CN106745434B (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2017-03-31 | Positive pressure operation multi-effect evaporation sea water desalination system based on solar energy medium temperature heat collection |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107963684A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-27 | 刘建军 | Salt device is received in a kind of high sea water desalination of heat utilization rate |
| CN108569740A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-09-25 | 河北格源环保科技有限公司 | High-salt wastewater processing system based on solar energy |
| CN113277538A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-08-20 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Method for reducing consumption of new steam in alumina production |
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