CN201834781U - Single-stage vacuum distillation seawater desalination device - Google Patents
Single-stage vacuum distillation seawater desalination device Download PDFInfo
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- CN201834781U CN201834781U CN2010205100747U CN201020510074U CN201834781U CN 201834781 U CN201834781 U CN 201834781U CN 2010205100747 U CN2010205100747 U CN 2010205100747U CN 201020510074 U CN201020510074 U CN 201020510074U CN 201834781 U CN201834781 U CN 201834781U
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- afterheat heat
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
Abstract
The utility model relates to a single-stage vacuum distillation seawater desalination device, which belongs to the technical field of sea water desalination. The single-stage vacuum distillation seawater desalination device consists of a falling film evaporator, a fresh water afterheat heat exchanger, a concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger and a vacuum pumping and fresh water pumping regulation valve, wherein the falling film evaporator consists of a heater, an evaporation chamber, an evaporation pipe, a defoamer, a water distribution circulation pump, a water distributor, a condenser, a fresh water tank and a cooler, the water distribution circulation pump is connected to the bottom of the evaporation chamber, a water supplementing regulation valve is connected with the cooler and is connected onto a connecting pipeline of the water distribution circulation pump and the evaporation chamber, the evaporation chamber is connected with the concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger through a concentrated seawater discharge flow rate regulation valve and discharges concentrated seawater, the fresh water tank is connected with the fresh water afterheat heat exchanger through the vacuum pumping and fresh water pumping regulation valve, and fresh seawater enters the cooler through the fresh water afterheat heat exchanger and the concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger. The single-stage vacuum distillation seawater desalination device has the advantages that the structure of the device is simple, the flow rate and the concentration of the discharged concentrated seawater can be regulated, the temperature of the discharge concentrated seawater and fresh water is low, and the device saves the energy and has high efficiency and high water preparation ratio.
Description
(1) technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of sea water desalinating plant, relates in particular to a kind of single-stage vacuum distilling sea water desalinating plant, is mainly used in seawater (or brackish water) desalination, belongs to field of sea water desalting technology.
(2) background technology
The method that seawater or brackish water are desalinated is a lot, and conventional method has distillation method, ion exchange method, dialysis, reverse osmosis membrane and cold method etc.The method that the most extensively is studied in distillation method and uses mainly is multistage flash evaporation (MSF) sea water desalinating plant and multi-effect distilling (MED) sea water desalinating plant.
Multistage flash evaporation (MSF) sea water desalinating plant is to introduce flashing chamber after raw material seawater is heated to certain temperature, because the pressure-controlling in this flashing chamber is under the condition that is lower than the pairing saturated vapor pressure of hot salt brine temperature, so entering, hot salt brine promptly becomes superheated water behind the flashing chamber and partial gasification hastily, thereby the temperature of hot salt brine self is reduced, be required fresh water behind the vapor condensation that is produced.Multistage flash evaporation is exactly hot salt brine is flowed through successively a flashing chamber that several pressure reduce gradually, the stepped evaporation cooling, also enrichment step by step of salt solution simultaneously, up to its temperature near (but being higher than) natural sea-water temperature.
The feature of multi-effect distilling (MED) desalination technology is that horizontal pipe falling film evaporation device (or vertical tube falling-film evaporator) is together in series, and with a certain amount of steam input, by repeatedly evaporation and condensation, obtains being multiple times than the distilled water of heating steam amount.
In above-mentioned dual mode sea water desalinating plant, the vapor temperature that the multistage flash evaporation sea water desalinating plant need be imported is higher, and temperature is low excessively to cause progression to reduce, and efficient reduces.Because 1 ton of fresh water of the every desalination of multistage flash evaporation sea water desalinating plant needs 8 tons of seawater circulations through this device, therefore must need powerful water circulating pump, its maximum shortcoming is exactly the energy consumption height.And traditional effect distillation seawater desalinating device of multi is in operational process, seawater enters into next effect from the last one evaporator room bottom of imitating by spray equipment (or water-distributing device) successively, therefore in order to satisfy the requirement of spray equipment to seawater flow, seawater is flowed through each flow of imitating can not regulated at will, the excessive and too small life-span that all can influence vaporization efficiency and vaporizer of flow of flow.Therefore, the concentration all lower (generally about 5-6%) of the concentrated seawater that existing effect distillation seawater desalinating device of multi is discharged, such result produces 1 ton of fresh water exactly approximately will discharge 1 ton of concentrated seawater.
Traditional theory thinks that increasing progression can improve water generation ratio, therefore, existing sea water desalinating plant generally is by increasing progression (or imitating number) as the main means that improve water generation ratio, nearly 30 grades of the progression of existing multistage flash evaporation sea water desalinating plant, and effect distillation seawater desalinating device of multi is generally at 6 to 10 grades, even up to tens grades.Yet from the analysis revealed of law of conservation of energy to vacuum distilling sea water desalinating plant water generation ratio, water generation ratio and progression (effect number) are irrelevant.Computational analysis is as follows:
Suppose that the fresh water that 1 ton/h steam produces is X ton/h fresh water (being that water generation ratio is X), the ratio of supposing fresh water and concentrated seawater is K, and then the concentrated seawater of Pai Chuing is 1/K*X ton/h, and the seawater that flows to sea water desalinating plant is (X+1/K*X) ton/h.Suppose 25 ℃ of seawater temperatures, the concentrated seawater of discharge and the temperature of fresh water are t ℃, and the latent heat of vaporization is got 2200KJ/Kg; According to the first law of thermodynamics (being the energy law of conservation), device is during steady running, and the heat of input equates with the heat of discharge, that is:
1×1000Kg×2200KJ/Kg＝(X+1/K＊X)×1000Kg×(t-25)×4.2KJ/Kg
Try to achieve: X=524K/ (K+1) (t-25).Suppose that K is 1 (concentrating 1 times), the fresh water of discharge and concentrated seawater temperature are 45 ℃, and then water generation ratio is about 13, the theoretical water generation ratio (actual is 10) of Here it is modern effect distillation seawater desalinating device of multi.If K is 3 (being that seawater concentrates 4 times), the concentrated seawater of discharge and fresh water temperature are 45 ℃, and then water generation ratio is 19, is reduced to 35 ℃ if discharge the temperature of concentrated seawater and fresh water, and theoretical water generation ratio is 39.
This shows that water generation ratio is mainly relevant with the temperature of enrichment factor and discharge fresh water and concentrated seawater, and irrelevant with progression.Even adopt one-level vacuum distilling,, can reach high water generation ratio equally as long as improve enrichment factor as far as possible and reduce the temperature of discharging fresh water and concentrated seawater.
(3) summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned two kinds of sea water desalinating plants, the utility model provides a kind of single-stage vacuum distilling sea water desalinating plant that has flow regulation device and discharge fresh water and concentrated seawater waste heat recovery, the fresh water of its discharge and the temperature of concentrated seawater is low, concentration can be regulated, thereby have the advantage of water generation ratio height, efficient energy-saving.
The utility model is achieved in that
Scheme one:
The immersion vacuum distilling apparatus of forming by well heater, evaporator room, scum dredger, condenser, fresh-water tank, water cooler, and fresh water afterheat heat exchanger, concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger, vacuumize and take out the fresh water variable valve and form.Evaporator room links to each other with water cooler by a refill flow variable valve, evaporator room links to each other with the concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger by a concentrated seawater delivery flow variable valve and discharges concentrated seawater, fresh-water tank is by vacuumizing and taking out the fresh water variable valve and link to each other with the fresh water afterheat heat exchanger, be connected to and vacuumize, take out the fresh water device, fresh seawater enters water cooler by fresh water afterheat heat exchanger and concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger.
Scheme two:
The falling-film distillation device of forming by well heater, evaporator room, generating tube, scum dredger, cloth water-circulating pump, water-distributing device, condenser, fresh-water tank, water cooler, and fresh water afterheat heat exchanger, concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger, vacuumize and take out the fresh water variable valve and form.The cloth water-circulating pump is connected the bottom of evaporator room, the refill flow variable valve links to each other with water cooler, and be connected on the connecting pipeline of cloth water-circulating pump and evaporator room, evaporator room links to each other with the concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger by a concentrated seawater delivery flow variable valve and discharges concentrated seawater, fresh-water tank is by vacuumizing and taking out the fresh water variable valve and link to each other with the fresh water afterheat heat exchanger, be connected to and vacuumize, take out the fresh water device, fresh seawater enters water cooler by fresh water afterheat heat exchanger and concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is another embodiment of the present utility model.
1:1 is that well heater, 2 scum dredgers, 3 evaporator rooms, 4 concentrated seawater flow control valves, 5 refill flow variable valve, 6 condensers, 7 fresh-water tanks, 8 water coolers, 9 vacuumize and take out fresh water variable valve, 10 concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchangers, 11, fresh water afterheat heat exchanger among the figure.
2:1 is that well heater, 2 evaporator rooms, 3 water-distributing devices, 4 scum dredgers, 5 generating tubes, 6 cloth water-circulating pumps, 7 concentrated seawater flow control valves, 8 refill flow variable valve, 9 condensers, 10 water coolers, 11 fresh-water tanks, 12 vacuumize and take out fresh water variable valve, 13 concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchangers, 14 fresh water afterheat heat exchangers among the figure.
(5) embodiment
Fig. 1 is based on an embodiment of immersion distiller.
Thermal source enters into well heater 1 from A, B mouth, heat is by the seawater in the outside surface heating evaporation chamber 3 of heating tube (or hot-plate), vacuumize and take out the fresh water device and be connected to the b mouth, vacuumize and take out the fresh water device by fresh water afterheat heat exchanger 11, be connected to fresh-water tank 7 through vacuumizing and take out fresh water variable valve 8 again, the top of condenser 6 is connected to the top of evaporator room 3 by pipeline, vacuumize and take out the aperture of fresh water variable valve 9 by adjusting, can regulate the vacuum tightness in the vacuum distilling apparatus, and fresh water is extracted out from fresh-water tank 7.Seawater boiling when well heater 1 is heated to the seawater in the evaporator room 3 under the vacuum pairing boiling point, steam enters into condenser 6 through scum dredger 2 by pipeline and condenses into fresh water, fresh water flows in the fresh-water tank 7, and be cooled Absorption by Sea Water in the device 8 of the heat of condensation that vapor condenses discharges.Be connected with refill flow variable valve 5 between evaporator room 3 and the water cooler, seawater in the water cooler replenishes seawater through flow control valve 5 for evaporator room, can regulate refill flow by regulating refill flow variable valve 5, thereby the seawater that guarantees evaporator room 3 keeps suitable height, guarantees the vaporizer works better.Fresh water in the fresh-water tank is discharged from the b mouth by vacuumizing and take out the fresh water device by the cooling of the fresh seawater in fresh water afterheat heat exchanger back through vacuumizing and take out fresh water variable valve 9 and fresh water afterheat heat exchanger 11.Evaporator room 3 bottoms are connected with discharges concentrated seawater flow control valve 4, can control the flow of discharging concentrated seawater by the aperture of regulating concentrated seawater flow control valve 4, thereby the concentration of seawater in the control evaporator room, the flow of discharging concentrated seawater is big more, the concentration of discharging concentrated seawater is low more, and flow small concentration more is high more.Concentrated seawater process concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger 10 is by after the cooled with seawater of coming out from the fresh water afterheat heat exchanger, device by the pump drainage concentrated seawater is discharged from a mouth, and after fresh seawater enters fresh water afterheat heat exchanger 11 heating from the c mouth, enter concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger 10 again, heated seawater enters into water cooler 8 and is its additional seawater.
In the said apparatus, regulate the front that concentrated seawater flow control valve 4 can be connected concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger 10, also can be connected the back of concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger 10; Vacuumize and take out fresh water variable valve 9 and can be installed in the front of fresh water afterheat heat exchanger 11, also can be installed in the back of fresh water afterheat heat exchanger 11; Concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger 10 and fresh water afterheat heat exchanger 11 also can switches.
Fig. 2 is based on another embodiment of vertical tube falling-film distillation device.
Thermal source enters into well heater 1 from A, B mouth, heat is by the seawater in the internal surface heating evaporation pipe 5 of heating tube, vacuumize and take out the fresh water device and be connected to the b mouth, vacuumize and take out the fresh water device by fresh water afterheat heat exchanger 14, be connected to fresh-water tank 11 through vacuumizing and take out fresh water variable valve 12 again, the top of condenser 9 is connected to the top of evaporator room 2 by pipeline, vacuumize and take out the aperture of fresh water variable valve 12 by adjusting, can regulate the vacuum tightness in the vacuum distilling apparatus, and fresh water is extracted out from fresh-water tank 11.The bottom of evaporator room 2 is equipped with cloth water-circulating pump 6, and recycle pump 6 is continuously squeezed into the seawater of evaporator room 2 bottoms in the water-distributing device 3, and water-distributing device 3 is evenly distributed to the internal surface of generating tube 5 to seawater, forms stable falling liquid film.Boiling produces steam when well heater 1 is heated to the seawater film in the generating tube 5 under the vacuum pairing boiling point, steam enters into condenser 9 through scum dredger 4 by pipeline and condenses into fresh water, fresh water flows in the fresh-water tank 11, and be cooled Absorption by Sea Water in the device 10 of the heat of condensation that vapor condenses discharges.Fresh water in the fresh-water tank 11 enters into fresh water afterheat heat exchanger 14 through vacuumizing and take out fresh water variable valve 12, and fresh water is discharged from the b mouth by vacuumizing and take out the fresh water device by the cooling of the fresh seawater in the fresh water afterheat heat exchanger 14 back.Be connected with refill flow variable valve 8 on the water cooler 10, refill flow variable valve 8 is connected on the pipeline between cloth water-circulating pump 6 and the evaporator room 2, replenish the seawater of coming from water cooler, directly enter into cloth water-circulating pump 6 and be driven into water-distributing device 3, can regulate refill flow by regulating refill flow variable valve 8, thereby guarantee that the seawater in the evaporator room 2 keeps suitable height, guarantees the vaporizer works better.Evaporator room 2 bottoms are connected with discharges concentrated seawater flow control valve 7, can control the flow of discharging concentrated seawater by the aperture of regulating concentrated seawater flow control valve 7, thereby the concentration of seawater in the control evaporator room, the flow of discharging concentrated seawater is big more, the concentration of discharging concentrated seawater is low more, and flow small concentration more is high more.Concentrated seawater process concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger 13 is by after the cooled with seawater of coming out from the fresh water afterheat heat exchanger, device by the pump drainage concentrated seawater is discharged from a mouth, and after fresh seawater enters fresh water afterheat heat exchanger 14 heating from the c mouth, enter concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger 13 again, heated seawater enters into water cooler 10 and is its additional seawater.
In the said apparatus, regulate the front that concentrated seawater flow control valve 7 can be connected concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger 13, also can be connected the back of concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger 13; Vacuumize and take out fresh water variable valve 12 and can be installed in the front of fresh water afterheat heat exchanger 14, also can be installed in the back of fresh water afterheat heat exchanger 14; Concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger 13 and fresh water afterheat heat exchanger 14 also can switches.
What adopt in the said apparatus is the vertical tube falling-film evaporator, also can adopt horizontal pipe falling film evaporation device, perhaps plate-type down-film evaporator.
In above-mentioned two embodiment, fresh water afterheat heat exchanger and concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger also can be connected on the water pipe of being made up of the refill flow variable valve between water cooler and the evaporator room, fresh seawater can directly enter in the water cooler, perhaps enters water cooler by second group of concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger and fresh water afterheat heat exchanger again.
In above-mentioned two embodiment, the thermal source of well heater (1) can be the waste heat of chemical plant or power plant, also can be the hot water that solar energy system produces, also directly electricity consumption under special circumstances, coal or Sweet natural gas heating.
Claims (3)
1. single-stage vacuum distilling sea water desalinating plant, by well heater (1), evaporator room (3), scum dredger (2), condenser (6), fresh-water tank (7), the immersion vacuum distilling apparatus that water cooler (8) is formed, and fresh water afterheat heat exchanger (11), concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger (10), vacuumizing and take out fresh water variable valve (9) forms, it is characterized in that: evaporator room (3) links to each other with water cooler (8) by a refill flow variable valve (5), evaporator room (3) links to each other with concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger (10) by a concentrated seawater delivery flow variable valve (4) and discharges concentrated seawater, fresh-water tank (7) is by vacuumizing and taking out fresh water variable valve (9) and link to each other with fresh water afterheat heat exchanger (11), be connected to and vacuumize, take out the fresh water device, fresh seawater enters water cooler (8) by fresh water afterheat heat exchanger (11) and concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger (10).
2. single-stage vacuum distilling sea water desalinating plant, by well heater (1), evaporator room (2), generating tube (5), scum dredger (4), cloth water-circulating pump (6), water-distributing device (3), condenser (9), fresh-water tank (11), the falling-film distillation device that water cooler (10) is formed, and fresh water afterheat heat exchanger (14), concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger (13), vacuumizing and take out fresh water variable valve (12) forms, it is characterized in that: cloth water-circulating pump (6) is connected the bottom of evaporator room (2), refill flow variable valve (8) links to each other with water cooler (10), and be connected on the connecting pipeline of cloth water-circulating pump (6) and evaporator room (2), evaporator room (2) links to each other with concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger (13) by a concentrated seawater delivery flow variable valve (7) and discharges concentrated seawater, fresh-water tank (11) is by vacuumizing and taking out fresh water variable valve (12) and link to each other with fresh water afterheat heat exchanger (14), be connected to and vacuumize, take out the fresh water device, fresh seawater enters water cooler (10) by fresh water afterheat heat exchanger (14) and concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger (13).
3. according to claim 1 or the described single-stage vacuum distilling of claim 2 sea water desalinating plant, it is characterized in that fresh water afterheat heat exchanger and concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger are connected on the water pipe of being made up of the refill flow variable valve between water cooler and the evaporator room, fresh seawater can directly enter in the water cooler, perhaps enters water cooler by second group of concentrated seawater afterheat heat exchanger and fresh water afterheat heat exchanger again.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010205100747U CN201834781U (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2010-08-31 | Single-stage vacuum distillation seawater desalination device |
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| CN2010205100747U CN201834781U (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2010-08-31 | Single-stage vacuum distillation seawater desalination device |
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| CN201834781U true CN201834781U (en) | 2011-05-18 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102285702A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2011-12-21 | 于庆坤 | Device for seawater desalination by recovering waste heat from diesel engine with series-connected heat pipe heat exchangers |
| CN102659194A (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2012-09-12 | 傅利江 | Distillation-type seawater desalinization device |
| CN103145207A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-06-12 | 上海海事大学 | Sea water desalting device for twin-stage recovery of flue gas waste heat of marine steam turbine |
| CN103253722A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-08-21 | 浙江大学 | Plate type low-temperature multieffect seawater desalting device and method |
| CN104284881A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2015-01-14 | Htc普尔埃尼基公司 | System and process for reclaiming single and mixed amine solvents |
| CN109775789A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-05-21 | 齐鲁工业大学 | A kind of heat-tube vacuum drying system and its application |
-
2010
- 2010-08-31 CN CN2010205100747U patent/CN201834781U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102285702A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2011-12-21 | 于庆坤 | Device for seawater desalination by recovering waste heat from diesel engine with series-connected heat pipe heat exchangers |
| CN102285702B (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2014-07-16 | 烟台豪杰能源科技有限公司 | Device for seawater desalination by recovering waste heat from diesel engine with series-connected heat pipe heat exchangers |
| CN104284881A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2015-01-14 | Htc普尔埃尼基公司 | System and process for reclaiming single and mixed amine solvents |
| CN104284881B (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2017-08-15 | Htc普尔埃尼基公司 | Reclaim single or mixing amine solvent system and method |
| US9994512B2 (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2018-06-12 | Htc Purenergy Inc. | System and process for reclaiming single and mixed amine solvents |
| CN102659194A (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2012-09-12 | 傅利江 | Distillation-type seawater desalinization device |
| CN103145207A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-06-12 | 上海海事大学 | Sea water desalting device for twin-stage recovery of flue gas waste heat of marine steam turbine |
| CN103145207B (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2014-04-09 | 上海海事大学 | Sea water desalting device for twin-stage recovery of flue gas waste heat of marine steam turbine |
| CN103253722A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-08-21 | 浙江大学 | Plate type low-temperature multieffect seawater desalting device and method |
| CN109775789A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-05-21 | 齐鲁工业大学 | A kind of heat-tube vacuum drying system and its application |
| CN109775789B (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2022-06-21 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Heat pipe vacuum drying system and application thereof |
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Addressee: Li Xingyu Document name: Notification to Pay the Fees |
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Granted publication date: 20110518 Termination date: 20130831 |