CN211595081U

CN211595081U - Sea water desalting device by liquid gravity distillation method

Info

Publication number: CN211595081U
Application number: CN201922086314.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘来肥; 杜晓丽; 魏京胜; 余筠雨; 施雨萌; 张童
Original assignee: Anhui University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Anhui University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2019-11-26
Filing date: 2019-11-26
Publication date: 2020-09-29
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-26

Abstract

The utility model relates to a liquid gravity distillation method sea water desalination device, its characterized in that: the system mainly comprises equipment such as a strong brine water collecting and supplementing tank, a solar heat collector, a water collector of a water heater, a hot seawater inlet vertical pipe, a hot seawater collecting tank, an evaporation chamber, a pressurizing fan, a condensation chamber, a condensed and desalted water discharging vertical pipe, a fresh water pool, a strong brine return pipe and the like, and auxiliary equipment such as an industrial waste heat heating coil, a freezing water pipe or heating coil, a cooling water feed pump, a fresh water drainage pump, a pressure reduction water pump, an evaporation chamber water filling pipe, a condensation chamber water filling pipe, a vacuum pumping device and the like. Because the liquid self-gravity negative pressure distillation technology has outstanding characteristics compared with other distillation technologies, the working pressure environment is kept by the negative pressure generated by the desalinated seawater and the self-generated fresh water, so that the evaporation and condensation temperature is reduced, and the full utilization of low-grade heat energy, waste heat and solar energy is facilitated; the system has less power consumption parts and relatively low operation cost; and the system equipment has simple structure and the like.

Description

Sea water desalting device by liquid gravity distillation method

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a sea water desalination field specifically is a liquid gravity distillation method sea water desalination device.

Background

With the globalization of economy and the rapid increase of population, the demand of fresh water in countries around the world is increasing day by day, and the investment of scientific research on seawater desalination is also increased in many countries. At present, seawater and brackish water desalination becomes one of important approaches for solving the problem of fresh water. The commercially available methods for desalinating seawater mainly include distillation and reverse osmosis. The distillation method is mainly applied to the ultra-large seawater desalination treatment, the equipment volume is large, the device cost is high, the existing combined device needs electricity and heat energy at the same time, and the device is generally combined with a power plant, so that the popularization of the life of coastal residents and the application of medium and small coastal fishing boats are not facilitated. The current obstacles of the reverse osmosis method are that the service life of the membrane is short, the membrane replacement cost is high, the requirement on seawater pretreatment is high, the reverse osmosis membrane, the high-pressure pump and the energy recovery device need to be replaced regularly, and the operation is troublesome. Moreover, seawater desalination belongs to energy-intensive industries, and large-scale seawater desalination needs to consume huge amount of natural resources and energy, so the cost of seawater desalination is always high. Therefore, in order to solve the cost problem of seawater desalination, new desalination technologies and process equipment must be further researched in the future, and new material-saving and energy-saving methods are sought.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing a seawater desalination device by liquid gravity distillation; the device is characterized in that the working negative pressure of evaporation and condensation of the desalinated seawater is formed by the self gravity of the liquid in the vertical direction. Even if the fan pressurizing equipment is applied to the system, the fan pressurizing equipment is not main equipment, but is used as auxiliary equipment for improving the operation efficiency and the operation condition. Compared with the traditional distillation method with more energy consumption and high cost, the negative pressure vacuum water treatment method has the advantages of fully utilizing low-grade heat, simplicity, practicability, low operation cost and the like, and can realize the refrigeration effect while obtaining fresh water by properly adjusting the operation working condition.

The utility model discloses realize the invention purpose and adopt following technical scheme:

a seawater desalinating apparatus by liquid-gravity distillation method is composed of strong-salt-liquid water tank, solar heat collector, water collector of water heater, vertical hot-seawater inlet pipe, hot-seawater tank, evaporating chamber, pressurizing fan, condensing chamber, vertical condensed and desalinated water draining pipe, fresh-water pool, strong-salt-liquid water returning pipe, and auxiliary equipment including heating coil pipe for industrial waste heat, freezing water pipe or heating coil pipe, cooling water feeding pump, fresh-water draining pump, pressure-reducing water pump, water-filling pipe for evaporating chamber, water-filling pipe for condensing chamber, and vacuumizing unit.

Preferably, the utility model provides a liquid gravity distillation seawater desalination device, which provides a method for water treatment by utilizing a negative pressure vacuum environment generated by the self gravity of liquid, and is characterized in that the working negative pressure of evaporation and condensation of the desalinated seawater is formed by the self gravity of the liquid in the vertical direction.

Preferably, the utility model provides a liquid gravity distillation method sea water desalination device has applied fan compression equipment in the system, but is main equipment, but establishes as auxiliary assembly improvement operating efficiency and improvement operating mode.

Preferably, the utility model provides a pair of liquid gravity distillation method sea water desalination device, water treatment principle physical model are shown in fig. 1, and the sea water is advanced from the E side and is invertd "U" pipe, and along with the increase of height because self action of gravity and pressure constantly reduce, when pressure drops to operating pressure, heats with the heater, makes it reach saturated condition and gasify into steam. Meanwhile, on the F side, the steam is condensed into liquid state by a cooling heat exchanger C and flows out along the vertical pipe on the F side. Thereby realizing the liquid self-gravity negative pressure distilled water distillation treatment technology under the pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure. Therefore, the working device mainly comprises three parts, namely a sealing pipeline, a heating heat exchanger and a cooling heat exchanger.

As preferred, the utility model provides a pair of liquid gravity distillation method sea water desalination device, if only rely on the difference in temperature actuating system operation of system both sides, need the higher heating medium of temperature and the lower cooling medium of temperature to be unfavorable for the utilization of low-grade energy, the heat exchange efficiency of system is also lower moreover. Therefore, the system is improved according to the second law of thermodynamics, and the improved system is provided with a pressurizing fan between the two sides of E, F.

Preferably, the newly provided seawater desalination plant adopting the liquid gravity distillation method has the main state parameters in the generation chamber shown in fig. 2, wherein the required heating quantity is Qe-2369.76 kJ/s; controlling the height of the water column to be 9.09 m; the main state parameter in the condensing chamber is that the heat dissipation of condensation is Qc which is 2437.92 kJ/s; the amount of cooling water is required to be Glq-116.56 kg/s; the height of the water column is controlled to be 9.97 m.

Has the advantages that:

compared with the prior art, the utility model, its beneficial effect embodies: because the liquid self-gravity negative pressure distillation technology has outstanding characteristics compared with other distillation technologies, the working pressure environment is kept by the negative pressure generated by the desalinated seawater and the self-generated fresh water, so that the evaporation and condensation temperature is reduced, and the full utilization of low-grade heat energy, waste heat and solar energy is facilitated; the system has less power consumption parts and relatively low operation cost; and the system equipment has simple structure and the like. The system can be used for seawater desalination, and can also be used in situations such as brackish water treatment, sewage and wastewater pretreatment and the like. Therefore, the system has wide development prospect and important research value.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of operation

Reference numerals:

A. heating the medium; B. a booster fan; C. a cooling medium; D. a water supply pipeline E, a seawater collecting box; F. a fresh water collection box; G. a water outlet pipeline.

1. A strong brine water collecting and supplementing tank; 2. a solar heat collector; 3. a water collector of the water heater; 4. a hot seawater inlet stand pipe; 5. a hot seawater header tank; 6. a water inlet pipe of the evaporation chamber; 7. an evaporation chamber; 8. a booster fan; 9. a condensing chamber; 10, a condensate desalted water drainage vertical pipe; 11. a fresh water pool; 12. a strong brine return pipe; 13. industrial waste heat heating coils; 14, a freezing water pipe; 15 cooling the tube coil; 16. a cooling water feed pump; 17. a fresh water draining pump; 18. a decompression water pump; 19. a concentrated salt solution pool; 20. a water filling pipe of the evaporation chamber; 21. a water filling pipe of the condensation chamber; 22. a vacuum pumping device; 23. a bottom valve; 24. heating the medium; 25. a desalted water outlet; 26. the waste heat heats up.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further explained below by means of specific examples.

The seawater or brackish water is first pressurized by pump 16 and fed into condenser 15 of the condensing chamber, cooling the water vapor produced in the generating chamber which is pressurized and fed into the condensing chamber, while the seawater is heated. Then the seawater is sent into a concentrated brine water collecting and supplementing tank 1, under the combined action of atmospheric pressure, medium heating of seawater in a system, cooling of vapor in a condensation chamber 7 and a fan 8, the seawater enters a generation chamber from a hot seawater inlet vertical pipe 4, heating of water is evaporated in a heating medium, and the seawater is concentrated and returns to the concentrated brine water collecting and supplementing tank 1 from a concentrated brine return pipe 12. The vapor enters the condensation chamber under the pressure of the fan 8 and is cooled by the cooling coil to become liquid fresh water, and the fresh water enters the fresh water pool through the condensation desalination water drainage vertical pipe 10, so that the process flow of seawater desalination is realized.

The seawater temperature is 22 ℃, the heating medium temperature is 65 ℃, the heat transfer temperature difference of the dividing wall of the indoor heat exchanger is 5 ℃, the heat transfer temperature difference of the condensing chamber side is 5 ℃, and the fresh water production is 1 kg/s. The main parameters of the seawater desalination equipment are determined as follows, the saturation temperature of the generation chamber is assumed to be 55 ℃, the cooling water in the condensation chamber is seawater, and the condensation temperature of the condensation chamber is 27 ℃. The water in the generating chamber has thermophysical parameters (approximate pure water parameters) at saturation temperature, pressure Pe 0.0157MPa 1.24mH 2O; latent heat of vaporization re is 2369.76 kJ/kg; specific volume ve is 9.5682m 3/kg. The thermal physical property parameter of water in the condensation chamber at the saturation temperature is that the pressure Pc is 0.00357 MPa and 0.359mH 2O; latent heat of vaporization rc is 2437.92 kJ/kg; specific volume vc is 38.7725m 3/kg. The main state parameter in the generation chamber is calculated, wherein the required heating quantity is Qe-2369.76 kJ/s; controlling the height of the water column to be 9.09 m; the main state parameter in the condensing chamber is that the heat dissipation of condensation is Qc which is 2437.92 kJ/s; the amount of cooling water is required to be Glq-116.56 kg/s; the height of the water column is controlled to be 9.97 m.

It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a liquid gravity distillation method sea water desalination device which characterized in that: the system mainly comprises equipment such as a strong brine water collecting and supplementing tank, a solar heat collector, a water collector of a water heater, a hot seawater inlet vertical pipe, a hot seawater collecting tank, an evaporation chamber, a pressurizing fan, a condensation chamber, a condensed and desalted water discharging vertical pipe, a fresh water pool, a strong brine return pipe and the like, and auxiliary equipment such as an industrial waste heat heating coil, a freezing water pipe or heating coil, a cooling water feed pump, a fresh water drainage pump, a pressure reduction water pump, an evaporation chamber water filling pipe, a condensation chamber water filling pipe, a vacuum pumping device and the like.

2. The seawater desalination plant by liquid gravity distillation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the negative pressure of evaporation and condensation of the desalinated seawater is formed by the self gravity of the liquid in the vertical direction.

3. The seawater desalination plant by liquid gravity distillation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the system is provided with a fan pressurizing device, but the fan pressurizing device is not a main device, but is used as an auxiliary device for improving the operation efficiency and the operation condition.

4. The seawater desalination plant by liquid gravity distillation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sea water enters the inverted 'U' pipe from the E side, the pressure is continuously reduced along with the increase of the height under the action of self gravity, when the pressure is reduced to the working pressure, the sea water is heated by the heater, the sea water is enabled to reach a saturated state and is vaporized into steam, meanwhile, the steam is condensed into liquid by the cooling heat exchanger C on the F side and flows out along the vertical pipe on the F side, and therefore the distillation treatment of the liquid self-gravity negative pressure distilled water under the atmospheric pressure is achieved.

5. The seawater desalination plant by liquid gravity distillation according to claim 1, characterized in that: if the system is driven to operate only by relying on the temperature difference between the two sides of the system, a heating medium with higher temperature and a cooling medium with lower temperature are needed, so that the utilization of low-grade energy is not facilitated, and the heat exchange efficiency of the system is lower, so that the system is improved according to the second law of thermodynamics, and a pressurizing fan is arranged between the two sides of E, F in the improved system.

6. The seawater desalination plant by liquid gravity distillation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main state parameter in the generation chamber is that the required heating quantity is Qe-2369.76 kJ/s; controlling the height of the water column to be 9.09 m; the main state parameter in the condensing chamber is that the heat dissipation of condensation is Qc which is 2437.92 kJ/s; the amount of cooling water is required to be Glq-116.56 kg/s; the height of the water column is controlled to be 9.97 m.