CN105174339A - Forward-condensing multiple-effect back-heating array type humidification and dehumidification solar-powered seawater desalination device - Google Patents
Forward-condensing multiple-effect back-heating array type humidification and dehumidification solar-powered seawater desalination device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105174339A CN105174339A CN201510609460.9A CN201510609460A CN105174339A CN 105174339 A CN105174339 A CN 105174339A CN 201510609460 A CN201510609460 A CN 201510609460A CN 105174339 A CN105174339 A CN 105174339A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/141—Wind power
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forward-condensing multiple-effect back-heating array type humidification and dehumidification solar-powered seawater desalination device which comprises condensers, humidifiers, condensing apparatuses and air channels. Solar light incident from the upper side is condensed through the condensers, penetrates through glass cover plates to reach the surfaces of the humidifiers and is converted into heat energy. Seawater is sprayed on the humidifiers, absorbs vapor of the solar heat energy and performs heat and humidity exchange with air to form saturated wet air, and the high-temperature wet air enters condensation cavities under driving of fans and performs heat exchange with cold seawater to produce fresh water. After the seawater flows out of the condensers, a part of seawater is supplemented and sprayed on the humidifiers, and the residual seawater is discharged out of a system. Non-evaporated saline water drops on saline water plates to be recycled, and redundant saline water is discharged out of the device through the bottoms of the plates. The device can form the multiple-effect system in an arrayed mode, multiple effect structures are identical, the high-temperature high-humidity air and the saline water in one saline water plate are respectively delivered to another effect structure to heat the saline water in the corresponding condenser and cool the wet air, and latent heat discharged during vapor condensation is recovered to achieve the purpose of efficient seawater desalination.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and utilize Salar light-gathering direct heating seawater to make it evaporation, by the humidification dehumidification process of air, extract the device of fresh water, belong to solar thermal utilization and sea water desaltination and water-treatment technology field.Be specifically related to one forward optically focused multiple-effect backheat array humidification dehumidifying solar energy sea water desalination apparatus.
Background technology
The greatest problem of current solar seawater desalination is that cost is high, small scale.From cost, what extensive reverse osmosis seawater desalination system was current makes water price lattice about 5-8 yuan/ton; Extensive low temperature multi-effect seawater desalting system is generally combined with power plant, and cost is about 8-10 unit.And solar seawater desalination system, make water price lattice at present all more than 20 yuan/ton, this is with lifetime of system 20 years, and on average every square metre of heat collector produces that 12 liters/day, water obtains, and real price may be higher than this.From scale, solar seawater desalination system larger in the world at present also only has tens tons every day, and gap is comparatively large compared with reverse osmosis system, the also water production rate of incomparable low-temperature multi-effect system.These bottlenecks annoying the prospect of desalination with Solar Energy always.
For the problems referred to above, the technical scheme of forward optically focused direct heating sea water desaltination is proposed.Be characterized in light to be delivered directly in seawater, and directly cause evaporation of seawater, the follow-up latent heat reusing vapor condenses, thus condensing apparatus, receptor, holder, pipeline and desalination apparatus are integrated.Become a concentrated system, thus reduce the transmission resistance of energy, and use non-metallic material as much as possible, realize anticorrosive and target that is low cost.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, in order to improve the performance of existing solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, improve its heat utilization rate, realize solar energy light gathering and heat collecting technology and Novel humidifying to dehumidify the coupling of traditional desalination technology, the invention provides the sea water desalinating plant of a kind of forward optically focused multiple-effect backheat array humidification dehumidifying, adopt optically focused direct heating multiple-effect humidification dehumidification system, realize humidification dehumidification system multiple-effect backheat, improve the efficiency of utilization of system.Condensing apparatus adopts the Fresnel Lenses through design to carry out optically focused, also can adopt slot type CPC condensing apparatus and other forward condensing apparatuss.Here, the receptor of light is exactly the vaporizer of desalination system, is concentrated in together by multiple system, greatly reduces the heat transmission resistance of system and decreases the parts of system.
One is optically focused multiple-effect backheat array humidification dehumidifying solar energy sea water desalination apparatus forward, and this sea water desalinating plant comprises condensing apparatus, transparent glass cover plate, humidifier, condenser, saline disk, cold and hot air channel, water circulating pump, control valve.Wherein humidifier inside comprises spray thrower, black porous material and saline disk.Humidifier and condenser distribute up and down, form a separate unit.
Principle of work: show that the solar ray of vertical direction incidence converges to glass cover-plate through condensing apparatus and secondary condenser along condensing apparatus, and through cover plate, enter in the humidifier be made up of black porous material.Be sprayed onto on humidifier through spray thrower, carry out hot and humid area with air and form wet saturated steam, under the driving of wet air blower fan in air channel, enter in next stage condenser and be condensed into fresh water.Concentrated seawater bottom saline disk is extracted in next stage condenser through water circulating pump, absorbs the concentrated seawater of gasification latent heat within the condenser, returns in humidification chamber at the corresponding levels and sprays.Every one-level modular construction is identical, and in enclosed space, air constantly circulates under the effect of blower fan, constantly by humidification between each effect, then dehumidified.Energy recovery level does not adopt spot mode to heat, and the heat energy just in recovered brine dish and first step condenser is a single-stage recovery of heat humidification dehumidification system.
Described secondary condenser is to make the light of indivedual scattering again converge within the scope of transparent glass cover plate, and glass cover-plate adopts ultra-clear glasses, strengthens perviousness.There is hydrophilic film on the surface of porous material, is distributed in humidification chamber as humidifier.
Beneficial effect:
(1) adopt Fresnel Lenses, composite parabolic and other similar condensing apparatuss to carry out optically focused, direct irradiation of sunlight outside wall surface by the black porous material in hot coil and humidification chamber.Make seawater directly absorb sunlight, utilize high light directly to evaporate seawater, eliminate interchanger, decrease heat transfer link, improve heat build-up efficiency.
(2) black porous material is filled humidifier, can increase the light path of sunlight in vaporizer, and strengthening seawater, to the assimilated efficiency of solar thermal energy, improves the reliability of device.
(3) adopt plastics condenser, whole device all can use non-metallic material manufacture, thus improves the erosion resistance of whole system; Reduce apparatus cost, weight reduction, be conducive to applying.
(4) utilize multiple-effect sprinkling system, heat and mass that hydrophilic black porous ceramics improves charging seawater and air, and the water capacity of wet air, increase the contact area of seawater and air, utilize multiple-effect heat regenerating method, reduce the temperature difference of charging seawater and Heating temperature, save heat energy.
Conventional dehumidification humidifying type solar seawater desalination system improves by the present invention, achieve multiple-effect heating, at utilization side heat, by concentrated seawater bottom saline disk by producing water wet air by spray after condenser heating, take full advantage of the latent heat of condensation of wet air, adopt multistage humidification to dehumidify to combine, each effect makes full use of the heat energy of acquisition, and in such device, each effect heat energy utilization is more balanced.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the seawater desalination machine schematic diagram that the present invention adopts single-stage Fresnel optically focused humidification and dehumidifies;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the present invention adopts Fresnel optically focused Pyatyi seawater desalination machine;
Fig. 3 is the compound parabolic formation basic theory figure of condensing body of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the light path operation logic figure of compound parabolic seawater desalination machine of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the three-dimensional structure diagram that the present invention adopts composite parabolic two row Pyatyi array slot type seawater desalination machine;
Fig. 6 is the slot type seawater desalination machine schematic diagram that the present invention adopts multiple composite parabolic permutation.
Wherein, 1-sun incident light; 2-forward condensing apparatus; 3-secondary condenser; 4-glass cover-plate; 5-spray thrower; 6-hutch water device; 7-humidifier; 8-control valve; 9-saline disk; 10-hot air passage; 11-water circulating pump; 12-arrange dense outlet; 13-water outlet; 14-seawater inlet; 15-condenser; 16-blower fan; 17-cold airduct; 18-sea intake; 19-water outlet; 20-parabola outer incident beam; Along incident beam in 21-parabola; 22-parabolic reflector face; 23-lagging material; F1-left side parabolic focus; F2-right side parabolic focus.
Embodiment
To develop simultaneously embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe the present invention.
As shown in figure 1 and 2, the invention provides one forward optically focused multiple-effect backheat array humidification dehumidifying solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, device mainly comprises condensing apparatus 2, secondary condenser 3, spray thrower 5, humidifier 7, control valve 8, saline disk 9, water circulating pump 11, condenser 15 and blower fan 16; Wherein, condensing apparatus adopts self-control Fresnel circular arc lens, and secondary condenser adopts compound parabolic reflection aluminium sheet.Secondary condenser is connected to the edge of humidification Dehumidifying element.
As shown in Figure 2, turning left from the right side is backheat level, the first step, the second stage, the third stage, the fourth stage and final level humidification dehumidifying sea water desaltination unit respectively.Multiple humidification dehumidification type sea water desaltination cell string array gets up by this seawater desalination machine, and charging seawater participates in desalination process by series connection horizontal array mode access to plant, forms a multi-level solar humidification dehumidification type sea water desalinating plant.Utilize forward condensing apparatus that light penetration glass cover-plate 4 pairs of humidifiers 7 of convergence are carried out optically focused direct heating.The saline disk 9 of every one-level is connected by pipeline, ensures the equal water yield like this.Saline disk 9 is collected the seawater dripped from humidifier 7, through bottom cycle water pump 11 and spray thrower 5, seawater is sprayed on humidifier 7 at different levels, realize the process to seawater isothermal heating, and carry out the wet saturated steam of hot and humid area formation with air, under the driving of the first step and last step unit inner blower 16, circulate in humidification Dehumidifying element at different levels, achieve the process of humidification dehumidifying; The charging seawater of hot and humid steam and condenser carries out heat exchange, condensation, generates fresh water, carries out preheating simultaneously, achieve the process of multistage isothermal heating, multiple-effect backheat, improve solar energy heating utilization efficiency charging seawater.
Concrete mode of connection is as Fig. 2, and first charging seawater enters the humidification Dehumidifying element of energy recovery level, and this element, not within condensing apparatus 2 optically focused scope, is only used to the sensible heat reclaiming part seawater in first step condenser.Blower fan 16 in the first step, by steam hot and humid in humidifier 7, in the condenser 15 by the feeding second stage, air channel, carries out heat exchange, condensation with the seawater that condenser 15 inside is colder, generates fresh water, carries out preheating simultaneously to charging seawater.Condensed air enters in the humidifier 7 of the third stage again, the hot and humid steam of generation, and send into condensation in fourth stage dehumidifying chamber, condensed air enters in final level humidifier.Blower fan in final step, boosting air, successively process, final level dehumidifying chamber, fourth stage humidification chamber, third stage dehumidifying chamber, second stage humidification chamber and first step dehumidifying chamber, such air is staggered in humidification chamber and dehumidifying chamber to be passed through, and defines one and carrys out the circulation of complete closure formula.In whole device, the strong brine in previous stage saline disk is always sent into rear stage condenser by water circulating pump 11 at different levels, then sprays on rear stage humidifier.Only have the strong brine in final level saline disk to be sent into this grade of humidifier by water pump to spray.
As shown in Figure 3, the composite parabolic plane of reflection that the parabolic reflector face inside the condensing body of left and right is formed.Composite parabolic reflector is with former parabolical right half part crossing along the distance of this parabolical two focus length of horizontal axis right translation by a plane para-curve, remove the parabola branch of intersection point both sides, go to cut remaining taper parabolic line chart with the straight line that length is two its focal point distance half, vertically line is extended into two lower extreme points cutting rear figure, tangent respectively at a semicircle after reaching design length, 2 point of contact levels be connected, the figure formed can obtain a groove-type compound parabolic.
As shown in figs. 4 and 5, parabola outer incident beam 21 is the boundary rays inciding parabolic reflector face, parabola is interior is the boundary rays inciding edge in parabolic reflector face along incident beam 22, can be irradiated on parabolic reflector face 23 along symmetry axis incidence along the incident beam between incident beam 22 in parabola outer incident beam 21 and parabola, and be reflected on glass cover-plate 4.
Two groups of Pyatyi array humidification dehydrating units placed side by side below composite parabolic, the incident beam reflected through parabolic reflector face 23 enters into humidifier 7 through glass cover-plate 4, heats constantly to humidifier 7.Device surrounding and bottom are covered by lagging material 24, and holdout device outwardly dispels the heat.Light receiver part under composite parabolic is exactly the vaporizer of Pyatyi desalination unit, is concentrated in together by multiple unit, greatly reduces heat transmission resistance and the system component of system.What be positioned at compound parabolic concentrator outside is humidification Dehumidifying element for energy recovery.Water outlet 13 is all had bottom Pyatyi desalting equipment under composite parabolic and the outside humidification Dehumidifying element being used for energy recovery.There is seawater inlet 14 on front side of two groups of energy recovery unit, be connected to internal condensation device 15.
As shown in Figure 6, several groove-type compound parabolic optically focused directly-heated desalting equipment is serially connected, and is connected with cold and hot air channel by water supply and sewerage pipeline.Humidifier in each device of incident beam difference direct heating, seawater enters from right side energy recovery level.Saline disk 9 in each groove-type device is connected by the pipeline through outer wall, ensures that often effect has the equal water yield.High temperature saturated moist air circulates in each device humidification moisture trap, goes out fresh water by condenser condenses, respectively by each bottom of device water outlet 13 output system, then collects further.Cryogenic air enters humidifier 7, regains high temperature saturated moist air, moves in circles.
In sum, these are only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. forward optically focused multiple-effect backheat array type air humidification dehumidifying solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, it is characterized in that, described device comprises forward condensing apparatus (2), transparent glass cover plate (4), spray thrower (5), humidifier (7), saline disk (9), hot air passage (10), condenser (15) and cold airduct (17); Described forward condensing apparatus (2) is a kind of solar concentrator that can realize forward optically focused, and focal spot and the sun lay respectively at condensing apparatus both sides, and condensing apparatus is placed in the top of desalting equipment.Secondary condenser (3) is placed in the both sides of transparent glass cover plate, for the light of assemblying part scattering, is converge the secondary of incident beam.Take saline disk as boundary, device is divided into upper and lower two portions, and top is divided into evaporation cavity, and bottom is condensation chamber, and evaporation cavity is communicated with cold airduct (17) with the hot air passage (10) of condensation chamber by both sides.Spray thrower (5), little spray thrower (6) and humidifier (7) are placed in evaporation cavity, and condenser is placed in condensation chamber, and blower fan (16) is placed in cold airduct (17).Forward condensing apparatus (2) converges solar ray (1) and also finally arrives humidifier (7) upper surface to transparent window cover plate (4) and by the evaporation cavity of (4) access to plant, realizes seawater direct heating; Illumination heating evaporation is directly accepted at humidifier (7) upper surface from spray thrower (5) spray seawater out, the steam produced and air carry out the saturated air of hot and humid area formation, enter in condensation chamber by hot air passage (10), condense into fresh water through condenser cooling there, and give user through water outlet (13).Saline disk (9) is placed in humidifier (7) bottom, collects the salt solution dripped from (7), and salt solution is delivered to spray thrower (5) spray again through water circulating pump (11).
2. forward optically focused multiple-effect backheat array type air humidification dehumidifying solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, its self-contained system can form multiple-effect system by array, each effect humidification Dehumidifying element structure is identical, except last effect does not accept except sunlight as recovery of heat level, all the other each effects all accept sunlight.Meanwhile, except last effect is as except independent desalination unit, all the other are respectively imitated and are all interconnected by hot air passage and cold airduct.Seawater enters from recovery of heat level, the condenser of last effect is entered into again after condenser, for cooling the wet air of last effect, then part supplements seawater as device, enter in the most last effect through little shower nozzle (6), another part is back to recovery of heat level and sprays through spray thrower (5).Except recovery of heat level, enter under the driving of Hot wet air heating at blower fan that rear stage produces in previous stage condensation chamber with condenser heat exchange, then but also be fed to more previous stage condensation chamber and be cooled be sent to not only more previous stage evaporation cavity after wet air is cooled and carry out heating humidification, until most previous stage.On the contrary, the high-temperature hot wet air that most previous stage produces will be sent in time previous stage condensation chamber and cool, and cooled wet air is sent to more next stage again and heats humidification, so until most end one-level, and formation working cycle.
3. forward optically focused multiple-effect backheat array type air humidification dehumidifying solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, salt solution in saline disk is all recycled in the water cooler that water pump (11) is evacuated in previous stage condensation chamber for cooling the Hot wet air heating of last effect, spray at the corresponding levels is back to again after being heated, form circulation, until most previous stage, the salt solution of most previous stage is directly pumped down in spray thrower at the corresponding levels and sprays, and forms closed circulation.The saline disk (9) of described each effect is connected by pipeline, and ensuring often effect like this has the salt solution of equivalent.
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| CN201510609460.9A CN105174339B (en) | 2015-09-22 | 2015-09-22 | Forward optically focused multiple-effect backheat array humidifies dehumidifying solar energy sea water desalination apparatus |
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| CN201510609460.9A CN105174339B (en) | 2015-09-22 | 2015-09-22 | Forward optically focused multiple-effect backheat array humidifies dehumidifying solar energy sea water desalination apparatus |
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| CN106006808A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-10-12 | 北京理工大学 | Floating sea water desalination film with backheating capillary action |
| CN106225256A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-12-14 | 浙江大学 | Outer solidifying formula lens light gathering hot vaporizer |
| CN106219645A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2016-12-14 | 国家海洋局第海洋研究所 | Thermal gradient energy evaporative condenser integral type desalination tank |
| CN106915790A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-07-04 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of liquid-filled flexible optically focused solar energy sea water desalination apparatus under water |
| CN107585936A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-16 | 北京万邦达环保技术股份有限公司 | The Zero-discharge treating process and device of a kind of high-salt wastewater |
| CN107973359A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-05-01 | 桑夏太阳能股份有限公司 | Fishing boat monoblock type small-sized solar passive type desalination plant |
| CN108910996A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-30 | 曾庆福 | A kind of solar seawater desalination salt extraction and generating integrated system |
| CN109534428A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-03-29 | 云南师范大学 | Reflection heat-aggregation and the compound core pattern solar seawater desalination system of Fresnel optically focused |
| CN112624238A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-04-09 | 华中科技大学 | Inside and outside coagulation formula solar energy distillation sea water desalination |
| CN114623532A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | Solar-driven efficient humidifier system based on electrowetting effect and working method |
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| CN106219645A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2016-12-14 | 国家海洋局第海洋研究所 | Thermal gradient energy evaporative condenser integral type desalination tank |
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| CN106915790A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-07-04 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of liquid-filled flexible optically focused solar energy sea water desalination apparatus under water |
| CN107585936A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-16 | 北京万邦达环保技术股份有限公司 | The Zero-discharge treating process and device of a kind of high-salt wastewater |
| CN107973359A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-05-01 | 桑夏太阳能股份有限公司 | Fishing boat monoblock type small-sized solar passive type desalination plant |
| CN108910996A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-30 | 曾庆福 | A kind of solar seawater desalination salt extraction and generating integrated system |
| CN108910996B (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2023-12-08 | 广州汉华投资合伙企业(有限合伙) | Solar seawater desalination salt extraction and power generation integrated system |
| CN109534428A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-03-29 | 云南师范大学 | Reflection heat-aggregation and the compound core pattern solar seawater desalination system of Fresnel optically focused |
| CN112624238A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-04-09 | 华中科技大学 | Inside and outside coagulation formula solar energy distillation sea water desalination |
| CN114623532A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | Solar-driven efficient humidifier system based on electrowetting effect and working method |
| CN114623532B (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-12-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | Solar-driven efficient humidifier system based on electrowetting effect and working method |
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