CN106915790A - A kind of liquid-filled flexible optically focused solar energy sea water desalination apparatus under water - Google Patents

A kind of liquid-filled flexible optically focused solar energy sea water desalination apparatus under water Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106915790A
CN106915790A CN201710165845.XA CN201710165845A CN106915790A CN 106915790 A CN106915790 A CN 106915790A CN 201710165845 A CN201710165845 A CN 201710165845A CN 106915790 A CN106915790 A CN 106915790A
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China
Prior art keywords
liquid
water
fresh water
seawater
pipe
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CN201710165845.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106915790B (en
Inventor
张楠
郑宏飞
陶涛
王秋实
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/14Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/142Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus under water of liquid-filled flexible optically focused, belong to solar energy heating and field of sea water desalting technology.Main device includes:Liquid-filled flexible concentrator, flask formula vacuum heat collection pipe, level balance pipe, from siphon condenser, fresh water collecting apparatus by means, check valve.Using liquid-filled flexible concentrator, converged to after incident ray is reflected twice on flask formula vacuum heat collection pipe outer pipe surface and absorbed by inner tube outer surface coating for selective absorption by third time refraction.Fresh seawater receives thermal evaporation, and vapor condenses to the cold from siphon condenser condensation segment outer surface, and fresh water collecting device is flowed into along condensation tube outer surface.The fresh water of collection can be taken out by check valve.

Description

A kind of liquid-filled flexible optically focused solar energy sea water desalination apparatus under water
Art
Technical field is utilized the invention belongs to Salar light-gathering and desalinization.It is specifically a kind of liquid-filled flexible poly- Light device is combined the new structure of composition with desalinization.
Background technology
The water of the overwhelming majority is almost stored in ocean on the earth.After tellurian water is subject to the irradiation of sunshine, just Become to be gone during vapor is evaporated to air, vapor runs into cold air and is just condensed into small water droplet in high-altitude, and small water droplet is formed Cloud, eventually falls in land formation fresh water and is used by the mankind.Solar energy desalination is a kind of basic mode that the Nature produces fresh water. Can preferably take into account the energy and water source demand using solar energy desalination, energy saving, environmental protection, formed it is huge economical and Environmental benefit, contributes to the areas such as solution China's rural area bitter area, isolated island to drink water problems, helps to promote China to desalinate The development of technology.The concentrator of China's solar seawater desalination system is main based on hard solar thermal collector at this stage, greatly Install on land, it is larger so just to generate floor space, is unfavorable for alleviating land pressure more.Dust storm also has to spotlight effect Certain influence, is unfavorable for dismounting, it is necessary to the problems such as extra means extracting seawater.
In order to solve these contradictions and make full use of ocean area, seawater is light under water to devise a kind of liquid-filled flexible optically focused Makeup is put.According to the realization of geometric optical theory under water solar seawater desalination under water.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of seawater being combined with flask formula vacuum heat collection pipe based on liquid-filled concentrator Desalination system, fresh water is directly produced using solar energy.The system can be complete by the forward refraction condensation of solar energy under water, whole device Automatically generate fresh water, thus with collecting efficiency high yield water it is big the characteristics of.
The present invention is a kind of solar seawater desalination system under water based on liquid-filled concentrator, and main device includes:Fill Liquid formula flexibility concentrator, flask formula vacuum heat collection pipe, level balance pipe, from siphon condenser, fresh water collecting apparatus by means, check valve, every Water ventilated membrane and fresh water mozzle.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
Liquid-filled flexible concentrator is deformed into the shape of similar dish-style Fresnel Lenses after topping up.Inside is full of refractive index The liquid bigger than seawater.After light occurs to reflect twice through concentrator upper and lower surface, liquid-filled flexible concentrator lower end is placed in Flask formula vacuum heat collection pipe receive, surfaces of collector tubes formed tabula rasa, heating thermal-collecting tube inside seawater make evaporation of seawater.Steam Vapour is up by upper space of the water proof ventilated membrane full of whole flask formula vacuum heat collection pipe, and from siphon condenser helical form At condensation pipe outer wall.There is automatic cycle in the presence of the temperature difference of left and right in condenser maritime interior waters.Stretch into collection in level balance pipe lower end Below inside heat pipe free surface, upper end is opened aperture and stretches out to keep level balance through the sealed end on thermal-collecting tube top.Evaporation Seawater fall under gravity on water proof ventilated membrane, the characteristics of cannot being passed water through based on it, fresh water flow into fresh water water conservancy diversion Formed in pipe during liquid film finally flows into fresh water collecting apparatus by means and be collected.
Operation principle:
Liquid-filled flexible concentrator can be filled with the liquid of different pressures, so as to adapt to the pressure of different depth, keep it Stable shaped and focal length.When sunshine is by liquid-filled flexible concentrator upper surface, injected from the relatively small seawater of refractive index The relatively large institute's topping up body of refractive index is so as to occur refraction of the refraction angle less than incidence angle.Then by lower surface from refractive index Relatively large institute's topping up body injects refractive index relatively small material and refraction of the refraction angle more than incidence angle occurs, so as to realize Forward refraction condensation.Institute's optically focused is got at vacuum heat collection pipe chondritic.Why flask formula is designed as because seawater is reflected Rate is more than vacuum, to prevent angle of incidence of light more than or equal to critical angle so as to total reflection occur, it is impossible to selectively absorbed Film absorbs.
By level balance management and control system, balance pipe lower end is located at thermal-collecting tube chondritic lower section one to free surface height in chamber A bit, below free surface.Make liquid level that chondritic beginning is located exactly in the presence of pressure balance upper and lower.Light is by high temperature Selective absorbing film on inner tube outer surface absorbs, and inner tube surface temperature constantly rises, the inner tube heating chamber maritime interior waters of high temperature, Vapor is produced at free surface.Vapor is up by water proof ventilated membrane and full of whole water proof ventilated membrane upper area.From Seawater is full of in siphon condenser under water, condenser maritime interior waters keeps stabilization before whole system off-duty.Up water Steam is contacted and in surface condensation into drop with the spiral cold-finger section outer surface full of Mare Frigoris water, and drop is under gravity Fall.Part fresh water is directly entered fresh water mozzle, partly falls on water proof ventilated membrane, understands that water cannot permeate by the characteristic of film Through the film liquid film is formed so as to flow into fresh water mozzle along the gradient of film.Fresh water collecting apparatus by means is eventually entered into so as to fresh water is received Collection gets up.
Spiral condensation segment maritime interior waters causes that temperature is raised because of condensation heat release from siphon condenser, density reduction, due to The seawater that the operative temperature of buoyancy lift is higher then rises along spiral cold-finger.So that seawater delivery line maritime interior waters with to outlet pipe Exit seawater produces pressure difference seawater is imported seawater at the mouth of pipe simultaneously and produces pressure difference with pipe maritime interior waters and then realize from siphon.Sea Water delivery tube outlet above section is wrapped up by thermal insulation layer, to control its interior water temperature normal so as to ensure less than water temperature in condenser pipe Circulation.Control condensation rate makes condensation rate more than or equal to evaporation rate to keep cavity pressure.
Further, outer globular condenser will be changed to from siphon condenser in flask formula vacuum heat collection pipe, while Change fresh water collecting apparatus by means position.
Further, the liquid-filled flexible concentrator of slot type Fresnel Lenses formula is replaced with into the liquid-filled flexibility of lenticular mode to gather Light device.
Further, upper surface is in approximate stair-stepping lens shape after liquid-filled poly- flexible light device being designed as into topping up.
Beneficial effect:
(1) present invention is conducive to alleviating land pressure, takes full advantage of ocean area, eliminates dust storm to spotlight effect Influence.It is simultaneously how to propose new thinking using solar energy under sea.
(2) the sunshine beam convergence of low energy current density into the focal spot of high energy current density and can be made the focus by the present invention In the lower section of beam condensing unit, refraction type straightforward focusing is realized, it is favourable that such hot receiver just may be mounted at concentrator lower section In reception and conversion of the receiver to the sunshine, so as to realize high temperature cumulative, also make the design of such reception device, installation, Debugging and maintenance maintenance bring convenience.
(3) present invention is simple and compact for structure, and energy scale is used.The all parts of whole device include liquid-filled flexible optically focused Device, flask formula vacuum heat collection pipe, condenser pipe etc. are well-regulated to be arranged in a region, makes whole system structure closely, It is easily worked and standardized production, low cost of manufacture.Extensive desalinization system can be formed by the present apparatus by permutation and combination System, so as to realize under sea that solar seawater desalination system is extensive, inexpensive popularization and application.
(4) present invention has broken the inertial thinking of conventional hard concentrator, it is proposed that a kind of new liquid-filled flexibility is poly- The concept of light device, for the design of concentrator from now on provides a kind of new thinking and direction.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention;
Fig. 2 is light path operation logic figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is operation logic figure of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the embodiment that condensing unit of the present invention is spheric condenser;
Fig. 5 is that the liquid-filled flexible collector designs of the present invention are the embodiment of convex lens shape;
Upper surface is in approximate stair-stepping lens shape after Fig. 6 is shaped as topping up for the liquid-filled flexible concentrator of the present invention.
Wherein 1-liquid-filled flexible concentrator;2-transparent membrane;3-transparent panel;4-from siphon condenser;5-flask Formula vacuum heat collection pipe;6-high temperature inner tube;7-thermal insulation layer;8-water proof ventilated membrane;9-rope for traction;10-fresh water collecting apparatus by means; 11-check valve;12-retainer ring;13-perforate support;14-fresh water mozzle;15-selective absorbing film;16-opening; 17-institute topping up body;18-transparent rack, 19-level balance pipe;20-incident ray;21-ordinary ray;22-concentrator Focus;23-refracted light;24-circulating seawer;25-free surface;26-former seawater;27-fresh water;28-film condensation; 29-condense drop.
Specific embodiment:
Develop simultaneously embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the present invention is described in detail.
The invention provides a kind of solar seawater desalination system under water based on liquid-filled concentrator.Its device is mainly wrapped Include:It is liquid-filled flexible concentrator 1, saturating from siphon condenser 4, flask formula vacuum heat collection pipe 5, high temperature inner tube 6, thermal insulation layer 7, water proof Air film 8, fresh water collecting apparatus by means 10, check valve 11 and fresh water mozzle 14, selective absorbing film 15 and level balance pipe 19.
Wherein liquid-filled flexible concentrator 1 is placed in package unit the top, is connected with thereon fixed with fresh water collecting apparatus by means 10 The connected rope for traction 9 of ring 12, its position is fixed with this.The lower ending opening of flask formula vacuum heat collection pipe 5 is with focal plane in same One horizontal plane is simultaneously fixed by the perforate support 13 being connected with fresh water collecting apparatus by means 10.Flask formula vacuum is inverted in from siphon condenser 4 Inside thermal-collecting tube 5, lower end seawater enters water section and is drawn through fresh water mozzle 14 and by its lower half opening, and opposite side has thermal insulation layer 7 are drawn by the lower section of flask formula vacuum heat collection pipe 5, and keep water inlet delivery port to flush.It is saturating that condensing droplet drops to matrix water proof Fresh water mozzle 14 is flowed on air film 8, lower section fresh water collecting apparatus by means 10 is eventually entered into.Level balance pipe 19 is by free surface 25 through burning Stretched out finally by its top sealed end perforate inside vial-type vacuum heat collection pipe 5.
As shown in accompanying drawing 1,3, the operation logic of device and distribution are explained as follows:
Parallel incident ray 20 is vertically incident, most of light will by liquid-filled flexible concentrator 1 and Institute's topping up body 17 occurs to reflect twice in concentrator, and light can be all incided on flask formula vacuum heat collection pipe 5, wherein most meeting It is mapped to the bulbous region of flask formula vacuum heat collection pipe 5.Light is experiencing third time by flask formula vacuum heat collection pipe outer pipe surface Refraction, incides in high temperature in 6 outside wall surfaces, is absorbed by selective absorbing film on wall 15.Therefore the temperature of high temperature inner tube 6 gradually rises Height, the former seawater 26 in heating bore inside, gradually rises the temperature of former seawater 26, and free surface 25 starts steam occur and constantly increases It is many.High-temperature steam is up by water proof ventilated membrane 8, and drop is condensed being formed from the spiral cold-finger surface condensation of siphon condenser 4 29, and gravity act through fresh water mozzle 14 formed condensate film 28 then flow into fresh water collecting apparatus by means 10, collect fresh water 27.Can finally be drawn by check valve 11.
Fig. 2 is light path principle figure of the invention.It is further analyzed using optical principle.Incident ray 20 is first The liquid-filled upper surface of flexible concentrator 1 is arrived at, because the refractive index of institute topping up body 17 is more than seawater, so there is refraction angle less than incidence The refraction at angle, subsequent light arrives at concentrator lower surface, equally because the refractive index of institute topping up body 17 is more than seawater, so to roll over Refraction of the firing angle more than incidence angle.Received by the outer surface of flask formula vacuum heat collection pipe 5 by the incident ray for reflecting twice, greatly Part forms effective light spot in its bulbous region.Because bulbous region surface is in arcuation, reduced compared to conventional vacuum thermal-collecting tube Incidence angle is so as to be prevented effectively from the total reflection of light.Enable more light by the selective absorbing film 15 on the outer wall of high temperature inner tube 6 Absorbed.Incident ray experience third time is finally absorbed after reflecting by selective absorbing film 15.
In one embodiment as shown in Figure 4, external spheric condenser 4 will be replaced with from siphon condenser 4, by thermal evaporation Vapor is ascended into the presence of pressure difference can smoothly enter spheric condenser by the steam channel that thermal insulation layer is wrapped up.Water Steam condenses edge in condenser and enters fresh water collecting apparatus by means along fresh water mozzle.Replace and install more easy.
In one embodiment as shown in Figure 5, liquid-filled flexible concentrator 1 is designed as convex lens form concentrator, made whole Individual concentrator is flexibility and without support, and manufacture craft requirement is lower.
In one embodiment as shown in Figure 6, shape is changed into upper surface in approximate stepped after liquid-filled flexible concentrator topping up Lens shape, film is supported with mutual hinge fixable transparent thin board, the light to oblique incidence has preferably Spotlight effect.
In sum, present pre-ferred embodiments are these are only, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., should be included in guarantor of the invention Within the scope of shield.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of liquid-filled flexible optically focused solar energy sea water desalination apparatus under water, it is characterised in that including liquid-filled flexible concentrator 1st, from siphon condenser 4, flask formula vacuum heat collection pipe 5, water proof ventilated membrane 8, fresh water collecting apparatus by means 10, fresh water mozzle 14 and liquid level Balance pipe 19.
Wherein described liquid-filled flexible concentrator 1 is placed in package unit the top, is connected with thereon fixed with fresh water collecting apparatus by means 10 The connected rope for traction 9 of ring 12, its position is fixed with this.The lower ending opening of flask formula vacuum heat collection pipe 5 is with focal plane in same One horizontal plane is simultaneously fixed by the perforate support 13 being connected with fresh water collecting apparatus by means 10.Flask formula vacuum is inverted in from siphon condenser 4 Inside thermal-collecting tube 5, lower end seawater enters water section and is drawn through fresh water mozzle 14 and by its lower half opening, and opposite side has thermal insulation layer 7 are drawn by the lower section of flask formula vacuum heat collection pipe 5, and keep water inlet delivery port to flush.It is saturating that condensing droplet drops to matrix water proof Fresh water mozzle 14 is flowed on air film 8, lower section fresh water collecting apparatus by means 10 is eventually entered into.Level balance pipe 19 is by free surface 25 through burning Stretched out finally by its top sealed end perforate inside vial-type vacuum heat collection pipe 5.
2. a kind of liquid-filled flexible optically focused solar energy sea water desalination apparatus under water as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described The liquid-filled upper surface of flexible concentrator 1 is transparent flexible film 2, and bottom surface is transparent panel 3, and the vertical side in bottom surface is to be hinged with horizontal side Fold it.Have the transparent porous support 18 being hinged with lower surface convex hinged place inside concentrator, its upper end with it is transparent Fexible film 2 is bonded, and ensures to be shaped as the shape of similar disk like Fresnel Lenses after its topping up with this.Refractive index is filled with it The liquid bigger than seawater.
3. a kind of liquid-filled flexible optically focused solar energy sea water desalination apparatus under water as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that wherein It is similar U-tube shape from siphon condenser 4, the seawater by seawater introduction segment, spiral condensation segment and with thermal insulation layer 7 derives section group Into.Wherein vapor spiral condensation segment outer surface condense and along wall slide, its maritime interior waters because condensation exotherm, in buoyance lift Cause that pipe maritime interior waters is circulated in the presence of power, seawater introduction segment is connected thereto positioned at side, opposite side seawater delivery line every Water out above section is wrapped up by thermal insulation layer 7, to control its interior water temperature less than water temperature in condensation segment so as to ensure pipe maritime interior waters Normal circulation.From the lower entrances of siphon condenser 4 and outlet in same horizontal line.
CN201710165845.XA 2017-03-20 2017-03-20 Liquid-filled flexible light-gathering underwater solar seawater desalination device Expired - Fee Related CN106915790B (en)

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Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109566355A (en) * 2018-12-21 2019-04-05 浙江天姿园林建设有限公司 A kind of irrigation system that can be water-saving
CN110104716A (en) * 2019-05-10 2019-08-09 北京理工大学 A kind of two-tube opposed type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus based on membrane distillation
CN110498544A (en) * 2019-09-11 2019-11-26 曹阳 A kind of sewage-treatment plant based on photovoltaic running
CN113429052A (en) * 2021-07-09 2021-09-24 中国人民解放军92578部队 Water cleaning system based on rolling type liquid drop surface evaporation
CN115010199A (en) * 2022-08-09 2022-09-06 山东凤鸣桓宇环保有限公司 Inflatable simple solar seawater treatment device and use method thereof
CN115385410A (en) * 2022-08-12 2022-11-25 山东凤鸣桓宇环保有限公司 Portable efficient inflatable solar seawater treatment device and use method thereof

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CN103964524A (en) * 2014-04-29 2014-08-06 北京理工大学 Solar energy sea water desalinization device based on reflection and total reflection
CN105174339A (en) * 2015-09-22 2015-12-23 北京理工大学 Forward-condensing multiple-effect back-heating array type humidification and dehumidification solar-powered seawater desalination device
CN205873941U (en) * 2016-06-30 2017-01-11 厦门理工学院 Wave power oscillating type solar -powered seawater desalination device

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109566355A (en) * 2018-12-21 2019-04-05 浙江天姿园林建设有限公司 A kind of irrigation system that can be water-saving
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CN110104716A (en) * 2019-05-10 2019-08-09 北京理工大学 A kind of two-tube opposed type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus based on membrane distillation
CN110498544A (en) * 2019-09-11 2019-11-26 曹阳 A kind of sewage-treatment plant based on photovoltaic running
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CN113429052A (en) * 2021-07-09 2021-09-24 中国人民解放军92578部队 Water cleaning system based on rolling type liquid drop surface evaporation
CN115010199A (en) * 2022-08-09 2022-09-06 山东凤鸣桓宇环保有限公司 Inflatable simple solar seawater treatment device and use method thereof
CN115010199B (en) * 2022-08-09 2022-11-22 山东凤鸣桓宇环保有限公司 Inflatable simple solar seawater treatment device and using method thereof
CN115385410A (en) * 2022-08-12 2022-11-25 山东凤鸣桓宇环保有限公司 Portable efficient inflatable solar seawater treatment device and use method thereof
CN115385410B (en) * 2022-08-12 2023-09-22 山东凤鸣桓宇环保有限公司 Portable and efficient inflatable solar seawater treatment device and application method thereof

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