CN110104716A - A kind of two-tube opposed type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus based on membrane distillation - Google Patents
A kind of two-tube opposed type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus based on membrane distillation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110104716A CN110104716A CN201910390514.5A CN201910390514A CN110104716A CN 110104716 A CN110104716 A CN 110104716A CN 201910390514 A CN201910390514 A CN 201910390514A CN 110104716 A CN110104716 A CN 110104716A
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- water
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- tube
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- condenser
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/447—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by membrane distillation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of two-tube opposed type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus based on membrane distillation, belongs to desalination with Solar Energy field.Primary structure includes opposed solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe, water proof ventilative membrane tube, condenser, heat exchanger, small pump, blower, fresh water collecting case, sealing-plug, supporting network.Opposed solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe inner tube absorbs solar temperature rising, and inner tube and water proof breathe freely between membrane tube seawater by thermal evaporation, and under the action of water proof breathes freely vapour pressure deficit inside and outside membrane tube, vapor enters water proof and breathes freely in membrane tube；Under fan action, manages interior vapor and taken out of by air-flow, condense into fresh water through condenser.The latent heat of vaporization of vapor condensation release preheats low temperature seawater in condenser；Heat exchanger high temperature concentrated seawater preheats Cryogenic air, further increases the production water efficiency of system.The present invention has many advantages, such as that structure is simple, it is high-efficient to produce water, advantageously accounts for being inscribed with shipwreck for the ground resident such as coastal, isolated island.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to desalination with Solar Energy fields, and in particular to a kind of using empty in solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe
Between directly carry out the desalination plant of membrane distillation.
Background technique
The area of earth surface general 70% is all covered with water, the fresh water that wherein mankind can drink but seldom and distributed pole
Unevenly.By taking China as an example, most fresh water is distributed in the ground such as the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River, and in the northwest of China and loess plateau etc.
Ground, fresh water are in short supply.So fresh water is in short supply to have become one of main environmental resource problem in the world today.
Desalination technology is to solve the problems, such as one of this main means, it has also become the main research neck in countries in the world
Domain.The sea water desalination of early stage is mostly using fossil fuel heating distillation seawater, later, with energy and environment problem, using too
Sun, which can be carried out sea water desalination, has become the mainstream in the field.It can be carried out sea water desalination using the sun, as its name suggests, that is, utilize the sun
Can heating distillation seawater, such as at present solar energy multi-stage flash system in its effectiveness, solar energy multi-stage boiling Distallation systm and
Solar energy compresses Distallation systm.
Solar energy sea water desalination apparatus at present still remains many problems.By taking traditional solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe as an example,
Seawater is heated in pipe, is pipelined in another device and is evaporated, this mode increases thermal resistance, simultaneity factor
Structure is complicated, and equipment investment is big, and economic benefit is low, brings difficulty to large-scale production.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, that the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of is direct using space in opposed solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe
Carry out the two-tube opposed type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of membrane distillation.The device is based on membrane distillation principle, it may be assumed that water proof ventilated membrane
Micropore can form capillary benefit, prevent passing through for liquid；Heated liquid evaporation generates vapor, in water proof ventilated membrane two sides water
Under the action of vapour pressure deficit, vapor reaches the other side by the micropore of water proof ventilated membrane.Device is using double waste heat recycling simultaneously:
The latent heat of vaporization of vapor condensation release preheats low temperature seawater in condenser, and it is empty that heat exchanger high temperature concentrated seawater preheats low temperature
Gas.The present apparatus has many advantages, such as that structure is simple, it is high-efficient to produce water, is suitble to large-scale promotion.
The present invention is that technical solution used by realizing object above is:
A kind of two-tube opposed type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus based on membrane distillation, primary structure includes solar energy evacuated
Thermal-collecting tube, water proof ventilative membrane tube, condenser, heat exchanger, small pump, blower, fresh water collecting case, sealing-plug, supporting network.Each portion
Divide connection relationship are as follows: opposed solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe is connected by water pipe (19), air hose (20)；Solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe
Water inlet is connected by water pipe (4) with condenser, and solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe air outlet is connected by air hose (5) with condenser；
Solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe water outlet is connected by water pipe (17) with heat exchanger, and solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe air inlet passes through wind
Pipe (15) is connected with blower；Heat exchanger is connected with condenser by air hose (9), is connected by air hose (14) with blower；Fresh water
Collecting box is connected through water pipe (7) with condenser；Low temperature seawater enters system through small pump, and concentrated seawater is discharged through water pipe (13).
The two-tube opposed type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus based on membrane distillation, two solar vacuum heat-collecting pipes are with nozzle
Opposite mode is placed；Water proof breathe freely membrane tube be the round tube made of water proof ventilated membrane, be located at solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe in and
It places in an identical manner；Water proof is breathed freely the flowing of membrane tube pipe interior air-flow, the flowing of outside tube water stream, by sealing-plug by two flow fields and extraneous
It separates；The ventilative membrane tube of opposed solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe and water proof is connected by water pipe (19) with air hose (20)；Supporting network position
It breathes freely in membrane tube, plays a supportive role in water proof, while the part that water proof is breathed freely in membrane tube is protruded into air hose (20) and (15), further
The ventilative membrane tube of water proof is supported, its is made to keep horizontal circle tubulose.
The two-tube opposed type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus based on membrane distillation, vapor condensation release in condenser
The latent heat of vaporization preheats low temperature seawater, and heat exchanger high temperature concentrated seawater preheats Cryogenic air；Whole system is using double waste heat recycling
Technology improves energy utilization efficiency.
The utility model has the advantages that
(1) opposed solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe inner space is utilized, portion carries out membrane distillation directly therein, too by tradition
Solar energy vacuum heat collector combines with distillation device, so that apparatus structure is simple and compact, while reducing thermal resistance, improves
Production water efficiency.
(2) heat exchanger is set, using the waste-heat air of high temperature concentrated seawater, air themperature is improved, to improve sky
The ability of gas carrying vapor；Condenser is set, preheats low temperature seawater using the latent heat of vaporization of vapor.Whole system is using double
Heat recovery technology improves energy utilization efficiency.
(3) apparatus simplified, occupied space is reduced, while reusable, maintenance cost is low, and lifetime of system is long.It can be wide
General family and personal use for the remote districts such as island, has broad prospects
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the solar seawater desalination system embodiment of single hose；
Fig. 3 is multibarrel solar seawater desalination system embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the solar seawater desalination system embodiment of single seal plug type；
Fig. 5 is solar seawater desalination system embodiment of the present apparatus in conjunction with Fresnel Lenses；
Fig. 6 is the A-A sectional view in Fig. 5；
Wherein, 1-solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe；2-water proofs are breathed freely membrane tube；3-supporting networks；6-condensers；8-fresh water
Collecting box；11-small pumps；12-heat exchangers；16-blowers；18-sealing-plugs；21-brackets；22-Fresnel Lenses；5,
9,14,15,20-air hoses；4,7,10,13,17,19-water pipes.
Specific embodiment
It is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Attached drawing 1 is a kind of two-tube opposed type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus based on membrane distillation of the present invention.Its primary structure
It include: solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 1, water proof ventilative membrane tube 2, condenser 6, heat exchanger 12, small pump 11, blower 16, fresh water
Collecting box 8, sealing-plug 18, supporting network 3；Wherein opposed solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 1 is connected by water pipe 19, air hose 20；Too
1 water inlet of solar energy vacuum thermal-collecting tube is connected by water pipe 4 with condenser 6, and 1 air outlet of solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe passes through air hose 5
It is connected with condenser 6；1 water outlet of solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe is connected by water pipe 17 with heat exchanger 12, solar energy evacuated collection
1 air inlet of heat pipe is connected by air hose 15 with blower 16；Heat exchanger 12 is connected, by air hose 14 with condenser 6 by air hose 9
It is connected with blower 16；Fresh water collecting case 8 is connected through water pipe 7 with condenser 6；Low temperature seawater enters system, dense sea through small pump 11
Water is discharged through water pipe 13.Two solar vacuum heat-collecting pipes 1 are placed in the opposite mode of nozzle；The ventilative membrane tube 2 of water proof is by water proof
Round tube made of ventilated membrane is placed in solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 1 and in an identical manner；In the ventilative membrane tube 2 of water proof is managed
Air-flow flowing, the flowing of outside tube water stream, are separated in two flow fields with the external world by sealing-plug 18；Water pipe 19 and air hose 20 by it is opposed too
Solar energy vacuum thermal-collecting tube 1 and the ventilative membrane tube 2 of water proof are connected；Supporting network 3 is located at water proof and breathes freely in membrane tube 2, plays a supportive role, simultaneously
Air hose 20 and 15 protrudes into the part that water proof is breathed freely in membrane tube 2, further supports the ventilative membrane tube 2 of water proof, its is made to keep horizontal pipe
Shape.
Two-tube opposed type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus operation logic based on membrane distillation is as follows: in the effect of small pump 11
Under, low temperature seawater enters in solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 1 through water pipe 10,4, and true full of two opposed solar energy through water pipe 19
Empty set heat pipe 1；1 inner tube of solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe absorbs solar temperature rising, manage in the heated evaporation of seawater generate vapor, every
Inside and outside the ventilative membrane tube 2 of water under the action of vapour pressure deficit, vapor enters in the ventilative membrane tube 2 of water proof；Under the action of blower 16, gas
Stream is entered in the ventilative membrane tube 2 of water proof by air hose 15, through air hose 20 full of the ventilative membrane tube 2 of two opposed water proofs, is most flowed afterwards through air hose 5
Out, while by the vapor of generation it takes out of, is flowed into fresh water collecting case 8 until being condensed in condenser 6 and forming fresh water by water pipe 7, together
When vapor condensation release the pre- reheater condenser 6 of the latent heat of vaporization in low temperature seawater；Concentration of seawater increases in solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 1
Add, evaporation rate decline, concentrated seawater is discharged through water pipe 17,13, while is preheated in heat exchanger 12 through condenser 6, air hose 9
A circulation is consequently formed in low temperature saturated air.
One embodiment as shown in Figure 2, the solar seawater desalination system of single hose.Using individually solar energy evacuated
Thermal-collecting tube 1, has further simplified structure, reduces occupied space, is suitable for the minimum family such as one.
One embodiment as shown in Figure 3, multibarrel solar seawater desalination system.Multipair opposed solar energy is true
Empty set heat pipe 1 is together in series, and increases specific yield, is applicable in the more big family of member.
One embodiment as shown in Figure 4, the solar seawater desalination system of single seal plug type.Opposed solar energy is true
Empty set heat pipe 1 is connected by a sealing-plug, removes air hose 20, and the ventilative membrane tube 2 of opposed water proof and supporting network 3 are linked to be one
Body, while air hose 5 protrudes into water proof and breathes freely in membrane tube 2, and air-flow is allowed to flow through the ventilative membrane tube 2 of entire water proof.It further decreases
Thermal resistance improves and produces water efficiency.
One embodiment as shown in Figure 5,6, seawater desalination system of the present apparatus in conjunction with Fresnel Lenses.Opposed
Fresnel Lenses 22 is installed, fixed bracket 21 is by strut and ties up in solar energy vacuum heat collecting above solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 1
Iron hoop composition on pipe 1.Sunlight converges on solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe 1 after the refraction of Fresnel Lenses 22, improves sea
Coolant-temperature gage produces water efficiency to improve.
In conclusion the above is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, being not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of two-tube opposed type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus based on membrane distillation, primary structure includes solar energy evacuated collection
Heat pipe (1), water proof ventilative membrane tube (2), condenser (6), heat exchanger (12), small pump (11), blower (16), fresh water collecting case
(8), sealing-plug (18), supporting network (3)；Wherein opposed solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (1) passes through water pipe (19), air hose (20) phase
Even；Solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (1) water inlet is connected by water pipe (4) with condenser (6), and solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (1) goes out
Air port is connected by air hose (5) with condenser (6)；Solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (1) water outlet passes through water pipe (17) and heat exchange
Device (12) is connected, and solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (1) air inlet is connected by air hose (15) with blower (16)；Heat exchanger (12) is logical
Air hose (9) is crossed to be connected with condenser (6), be connected by air hose (14) with blower (16)；Fresh water collecting case (8) through water pipe (7) with
Condenser (6) is connected；Low temperature seawater enters system through small pump (11), and concentrated seawater is discharged through water pipe (13).
2. the two-tube opposed type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus based on membrane distillation as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: two
Solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (1) is placed in the opposite mode of nozzle, and water proof membrane tube (2) of breathing freely is located at solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe
(1) it places in and in an identical manner, membrane tube (2) pipe interior air-flow of water proof breathing freely flows, outside tube water stream flows；Water pipe (19) and wind
It manages (20) opposed solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (1) and water proof ventilative membrane tube (2) are connected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910390514.5A CN110104716A (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2019-05-10 | A kind of two-tube opposed type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus based on membrane distillation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910390514.5A CN110104716A (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2019-05-10 | A kind of two-tube opposed type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus based on membrane distillation |
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| CN110104716A true CN110104716A (en) | 2019-08-09 |
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| CN201910390514.5A Pending CN110104716A (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2019-05-10 | A kind of two-tube opposed type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus based on membrane distillation |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020209956A1 (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-10-15 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Energy storage system |
| CN114516669A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-05-20 | 山东大学 | Solar seawater desalination device |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201080441Y (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2008-07-02 | 贾海滨 | Integral solar energy production device for desalination of sea water |
| CN103759428A (en) * | 2014-01-30 | 2014-04-30 | 徐阳 | Solar solution generation structure |
| CN106915790A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-07-04 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of liquid-filled flexible optically focused solar energy sea water desalination apparatus under water |
| CN107720863A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-02-23 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of groove type solar sea water desalinating unit based on film distillation |
-
2019
- 2019-05-10 CN CN201910390514.5A patent/CN110104716A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201080441Y (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2008-07-02 | 贾海滨 | Integral solar energy production device for desalination of sea water |
| CN103759428A (en) * | 2014-01-30 | 2014-04-30 | 徐阳 | Solar solution generation structure |
| CN106915790A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-07-04 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of liquid-filled flexible optically focused solar energy sea water desalination apparatus under water |
| CN107720863A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-02-23 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of groove type solar sea water desalinating unit based on film distillation |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020209956A1 (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-10-15 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Energy storage system |
| CN114516669A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-05-20 | 山东大学 | Solar seawater desalination device |
| CN114516669B (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2024-05-31 | 山东大学 | Solar sea water desalting device |
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