CN112028158A - Solar-driven water treatment device - Google Patents
Solar-driven water treatment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112028158A CN112028158A CN202010767665.0A CN202010767665A CN112028158A CN 112028158 A CN112028158 A CN 112028158A CN 202010767665 A CN202010767665 A CN 202010767665A CN 112028158 A CN112028158 A CN 112028158A
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- water
- pipe
- glass cover
- organic glass
- evaporation chamber
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002082 metal nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010840 domestic wastewater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a solar-driven water treatment device, which separates a water source from a photothermal conversion material through a flow-limiting valve, prevents heat from being conducted to a water body so as to reduce heat loss, simultaneously utilizes an air suction pump or an exhaust fan to quickly guide water vapor in an evaporation chamber into a condensation pipe, reduces the humidity of the evaporation chamber, is beneficial to water evaporation, and utilizes the condensation pipe to efficiently and quickly collect condensed water to exchange heat with cold water to be treated conveyed by gravity, the cold water absorbs latent heat in steam and then flows into a photothermal evaporator, and system energy is fully utilized.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of solar photo-thermal conversion, in particular to a solar-driven water treatment device.
Background art:
currently, with the growth of the world population and the rapid development of the world economy, the problems of water pollution and water resource shortage have become one of the biggest challenges facing mankind. Over the past few decades, various technologies, including membrane-based technologies and heat-based technologies, have been developed to produce pure water from salt water and sewage. However, despite the maturity of these technologies, the high energy consumption and advanced infrastructure requirements that are always unavoidable result in the unavailability of many developing countries and remote areas. Solar energy is a pollution-free and renewable energy source, and is sustainable and inexhaustible. Today, people utilize solar energy in several different ways, which has great potential in seawater desalination and sewage purification due to its energy saving, environmental protection and sustainability.
In the conventional photothermal conversion system, sunlight is irradiated on the entire water body, resulting in a low evaporation rate. The novel interface solar steam generation system limits absorbed solar energy at a water-air interface, reduces energy loss and increases water evaporation, but has larger heat conduction loss due to direct contact of a photo-thermal material and a water source, and has larger environmental humidity and seriously reduces the evaporation of water due to the recovery of the water steam under a closed environment.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a solar-driven water treatment device, which separates a water source from a photo-thermal material, can control the water inflow of the photo-thermal conversion material, collects the latent heat of phase change of condensed water and water vapor by using a condensing pipe, reduces the direct contact between the photo-thermal conversion material and the water source, efficiently collects the latent heat of phase change of the condensed water and the recovered water vapor, and solves the problem that the energy in the prior art is not fully utilized.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a solar energy driven water treatment device comprises a photo-thermal evaporation chamber, a condensation and latent heat collector, a water collecting system and a water container which are connected in sequence; the photothermal evaporation chamber comprises an organic glass cover and photothermal conversion materials in the organic glass cover, one side of the organic glass cover, which is close to the condensation and latent heat collector, is provided with an upper opening and a lower opening, the upper opening is a steam outlet, the lower opening is a water inlet provided with a flow-limiting valve, the bottom of the organic glass cover is provided with heat-insulating pearl wool foam, and the photothermal conversion materials are positioned on the heat-insulating pearl wool foam; the water collecting system consists of an air suction pump or an exhaust fan and a conical flask; the water container is arranged on the bracket and is filled with water to be treated; a steam outlet at the upper end of one side of the organic glass cover, which is close to the condenser pipe, is directly communicated with one end of an inner pipe of the condenser pipe, and the other end of the inner pipe of the condenser pipe is respectively communicated with the conical flask and the air pump through a vacuum tail pipe; or the opening of the organic glass cover close to the upper end of one side of the condensation pipe is communicated with one end of the inner pipe of the condensation pipe through an exhaust fan, and the other end of the inner pipe of the condensation pipe is communicated with the conical flask through a vacuum tail pipe; the water inlet of the condenser pipe is communicated with the water container through a water delivery pipe and a valve, and the water outlet of the condenser pipe is communicated with the water inlet at the lower end of the organic glass cover; the water to be treated enters the condensing tube through the water delivery tube and the valve under the action of gravity, then enters the photo-thermal evaporation chamber to generate hot steam, the hot steam generated by the photo-thermal evaporation chamber is led into the condensing pipe through the air pump or the exhaust fan, and exchanges heat with cold water to be treated which enters the condensing pipe through the water delivery pipe and the valve under the action of gravity, the hot steam is cooled into water which flows to the conical flask through the vacuum tail pipe to obtain purified water, meanwhile, the cold water to be treated entering the condensing pipe absorbs the latent heat in the steam and then flows into the photo-thermal evaporation chamber, so that the temperature of the liquid to be treated input into the evaporation chamber is increased, therefore, latent heat of vaporization in the evaporation process is recycled, the energy consumption of water treatment is reduced, meanwhile, the large-flux evaporation of water is promoted, and the rapid and efficient purification of water bodies such as seawater, brackish water, industrial sewage, domestic wastewater and the like under the drive of common sunlight with lower energy density is realized.
In particular, the photothermal conversion material is a sponge-based composite material, and the preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:
ultrasonically cleaning the cut sponge by using alcohol and deionized water and drying;
adding a carbon material (such as graphite powder and carbon powder), plasmon metal nanoparticles and any light absorption material of a semiconductor material) into a 0.5-3 wt% chitosan solution, stirring to obtain a mixed solution, then putting sponge into the mixed solution, soaking for 1h, and freeze-drying to obtain the sponge-based composite material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the solar-driven water treatment device, a water source is separated from a photothermal conversion material through the flow limiting valve, heat is prevented from being conducted to a water body, so that heat loss is reduced, meanwhile, water vapor in the evaporation chamber is quickly led into the condensation pipe through the air suction pump or the exhaust fan, the humidity of the evaporation chamber is reduced, water evaporation is facilitated, in addition, condensed water is efficiently and quickly collected through the condensation pipe, heat exchange is carried out between the condensed water and cold water to be treated conveyed by gravity, the cold water flows into the photothermal evaporator after absorbing latent heat in steam, and system energy is fully utilized.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a solar-powered water treatment apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
the solar water heater comprises an organic glass cover 1, a photo-thermal conversion material 2, a steam flow 3, a flow limiting valve 4, a condensation pipe 5, a conical flask 6, an air pump 7, a vacuum tail pipe 8, a valve 9, a valve 10, a support 11, a water container 12 and a water delivery pipe.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a solar-powered water treatment apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
the solar water heater comprises a solar water heater, a solar water.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing temperature changes of an evaporation chamber and a water outlet of a condensation pipe of the solar-powered water treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following is a further description of the invention and is not intended to be limiting.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a solar-driven water treatment apparatus as shown in fig. 1, which comprises a photothermal evaporation chamber, a condensation and latent heat collector, a water collecting system and a water container connected in sequence; the photothermal evaporation chamber comprises an organic glass cover 1 and a photothermal conversion material 2 in the organic glass cover 1, one side, close to the condensation and latent heat collector, of the organic glass cover 1 is provided with an upper opening and a lower opening, the upper opening is a steam outlet, the lower opening is a water inlet provided with a flow-limiting valve 4, the bottom of the organic glass cover 1 is provided with heat-insulating pearl wool foam, the photothermal conversion material 2 is positioned on the heat-insulating pearl wool foam, the heat-insulating pearl wool foam plays a role in isolating the downwards heat conduction of the photothermal conversion material 2, and the local heating effect of the photothermal conversion material is enhanced, and the water collecting system is composed of an air extracting pump 7; the water container 11 is arranged on a 20cm high bracket 10 and is filled with water to be treated; a steam outlet at the upper end of one side of the organic glass cover 1, which is close to the condenser pipe 5, is directly communicated with one end of an inner pipe of the condenser pipe 5, and the other end of the inner pipe of the condenser pipe 5 is respectively communicated with the conical flask 6 and the air suction pump 7 through a vacuum tail pipe 8; the water inlet of the condenser pipe 5 is communicated with the water container 11 through a water delivery pipe 12 and a valve 9, and the water outlet of the condenser pipe 5 is communicated with the water inlet at the lower end of the organic glass cover 1; the water to be treated enters the condenser pipe 5 through the water conveying pipe 12 and the valve 9 under the action of gravity, then enters the photo-thermal evaporation chamber to generate hot steam, the hot steam generated by the photo-thermal evaporation chamber is guided into the condenser pipe 5 through the air pump 7 and exchanges heat with cold water to be treated entering the condenser pipe 5 through the water conveying pipe 12 and the valve 9 under the action of gravity, the hot steam is cooled into water which flows to the conical flask 6 through the vacuum tail pipe 8 to obtain purified water, meanwhile, the cold water to be treated entering the condenser pipe flows into the photo-thermal evaporation chamber after absorbing latent heat in the steam, the temperature of the liquid to be treated input into the evaporation chamber is increased, the temperature difference between the evaporation chamber and the water outlet of the condenser pipe is 7 ℃ (as shown in figure 3), thereby the latent heat of vaporization in the evaporation process is recycled, the energy consumption of water treatment is reduced, meanwhile, the escape of the hot steam in the evaporation chamber is accelerated by the air pump, the, promotes the evaporation of water with large flux, and realizes the rapid and efficient purification of water bodies such as seawater, brackish water, industrial sewage, domestic wastewater and the like under the drive of common sunlight with lower energy density.
Wherein, light and heat material and water source disconnect-type design have stopped the heat from light and heat conversion material 2 conduction to the water source in, can control the inflow through current-limiting valve 4 to control light and heat conversion material's water content improves light and heat conversion material's water evaporation rate.
The photothermal conversion material is a sponge-based composite material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
ultrasonically cleaning the cut sponge by using alcohol and deionized water and drying;
adding a carbon material (such as graphite powder and carbon powder), plasmon metal nanoparticles and any light absorption material of a semiconductor material) into a 0.5-3 wt% chitosan solution, stirring to obtain a mixed solution, then putting sponge into the mixed solution, soaking for 1h, and freeze-drying to obtain the sponge-based composite material.
Example two:
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a solar-driven water treatment apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the first embodiment in that a suction pump connected to a tail pipe 8 is removed, and an exhaust fan 7 and a special pipe 13 are added between a steam outlet at the upper end of an organic glass cover on the side close to a condensation pipe and the condensation pipe 5 to rapidly deliver hot steam in an evaporation chamber to the condensation pipe. This solar drive water treatment facilities passes through light and heat material and water source disconnect-type design, reduces thermal conduction to the latent heat of vaporization is retrieved and is recycled among the evaporation process, reduces water treatment's energy consumption, has promoted the evaporation of the big flux of water simultaneously, realizes purifying water bodies such as sea water, brackish water, industrial sewage, domestic wastewater fast high-efficiently under the drive of the lower ordinary sunlight of energy density.
The above description is only a few examples of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications within the spirit and scope of the present invention are included.
Claims (4)
1. A solar energy driven water treatment device is characterized by comprising a photo-thermal evaporation chamber, a condensation and latent heat collector, a water collecting system and a water container which are connected in sequence; the photothermal evaporation chamber comprises an organic glass cover and photothermal conversion materials in the organic glass cover, one side of the organic glass cover, which is close to the condensation and latent heat collector, is provided with an upper opening and a lower opening, the upper opening is a steam outlet, the lower opening is a water inlet provided with a flow-limiting valve, the bottom of the organic glass cover is provided with heat-insulating pearl wool foam, and the photothermal conversion materials are positioned on the heat-insulating pearl wool foam; the water collecting system consists of an air suction pump or an exhaust fan and a conical flask; the water container is arranged on the bracket and is filled with water to be treated; a steam outlet at the upper end of one side of the organic glass cover, which is close to the condenser pipe, is directly communicated with one end of an inner pipe of the condenser pipe, and the other end of the inner pipe of the condenser pipe is respectively communicated with the conical flask and the air pump through a vacuum tail pipe; or the opening of the organic glass cover close to the upper end of one side of the condensation pipe is communicated with one end of the inner pipe of the condensation pipe through an exhaust fan, and the other end of the inner pipe of the condensation pipe is communicated with the conical flask through a vacuum tail pipe; the water inlet of the condenser pipe is communicated with the water container through a water delivery pipe and a valve, and the water outlet of the condenser pipe is communicated with the water inlet at the lower end of the organic glass cover; water to be treated enters the condenser pipe through the water conveying pipe and the valve under the action of gravity, then enters the photo-thermal evaporation chamber to generate hot steam, the hot steam generated by the photo-thermal evaporation chamber is guided into the condenser pipe through the air suction pump or the exhaust fan, the hot steam and cold water to be treated entering the condenser pipe through the water conveying pipe and the valve under the action of gravity are subjected to heat exchange, the hot steam is cooled to be water, the water flows to the conical flask through the vacuum tail pipe to obtain purified water, and meanwhile, the cold water to be treated entering the condenser pipe flows into the photo-thermal evaporation chamber after absorbing latent heat in the steam.
2. The solar driven water treatment device of claim 1, wherein the photothermal conversion material is a sponge-based composite material prepared by a method comprising the steps of: ultrasonically cleaning the cut sponge by using alcohol and deionized water and drying; adding the light absorption material into 0.5-3 wt% of chitosan solution, stirring to obtain a mixed solution, then putting the sponge into the mixed solution, soaking for 1h, and freeze-drying to obtain the sponge-based composite material.
3. The solar driven water treatment device of claim 2, wherein the light absorbing material is any one of a carbon material, plasmonic metal nanoparticles, a semiconductor material.
4. The solar driven water treatment device as recited in claim 2, wherein the light absorbing material is selected from any one of graphite powder and carbon powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010767665.0A CN112028158A (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Solar-driven water treatment device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010767665.0A CN112028158A (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Solar-driven water treatment device |
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| CN112028158A true CN112028158A (en) | 2020-12-04 |
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| CN202010767665.0A Pending CN112028158A (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Solar-driven water treatment device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115215402A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-10-21 | 西安交通大学 | Solar photo-thermal evaporation steam collecting device |
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| CN107557013A (en) * | 2017-09-17 | 2018-01-09 | 赵兵 | Three-dimensional porous sponge composite based on rare earth up-conversion luminescence nanomaterial |
| CN110498464A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-11-26 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of carbon nanotube aerogel wood chip double-layer structure photothermal conversion materiat |
| CN110776034A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-02-11 | 天津市海跃水处理高科技有限公司 | Modularized solar distillation desalination device |
| CN212334644U (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2021-01-12 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Solar-driven water treatment device |
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2020
- 2020-08-03 CN CN202010767665.0A patent/CN112028158A/en active Pending
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| CN107557013A (en) * | 2017-09-17 | 2018-01-09 | 赵兵 | Three-dimensional porous sponge composite based on rare earth up-conversion luminescence nanomaterial |
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| CN212334644U (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2021-01-12 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Solar-driven water treatment device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115215402A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-10-21 | 西安交通大学 | Solar photo-thermal evaporation steam collecting device |
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