CN106927532A - A kind of aeration type under water solar energy concentration generating and desalinization set composite - Google Patents

A kind of aeration type under water solar energy concentration generating and desalinization set composite Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106927532A
CN106927532A CN201710166396.0A CN201710166396A CN106927532A CN 106927532 A CN106927532 A CN 106927532A CN 201710166396 A CN201710166396 A CN 201710166396A CN 106927532 A CN106927532 A CN 106927532A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
charge
condenser
concentrator
conduit
fresh water
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Granted
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CN201710166396.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106927532B (en
Inventor
赵云胜
郑宏飞
张翔
崔丹丹
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/16Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using waste heat from other processes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/20Optical components
    • H02S40/22Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/142Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52PV systems with concentrators

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of aeration type under water solar energy concentration generating and desalinization set composite, belong to solar energy concentration generating and field of sea water desalting technology.Main device includes flexible inflatable concentrator, charge valve, solar panel, ventilation charge for remittance device, condenser, conduit, air inlet and exhaust valve, fresh water deposit box.Into compound parabolic and its interlayer inwall and gas joint side plating reflectance coating after inflatable concentrator gassy.Light entrance comes together in solar panel and generates electricity after the reflection of concentrator inner surface or total reflection under water.Panel backside seawater produces steam after being heated at free surface below condenser.Steam is condensed through thin through hole on charge for remittance device of ventilating into condenser inner wall, condenses the fresh water conduit along ventilation charge for remittance device under gravity, and the conduit through connection ventilation charge for remittance device and fresh water deposit box enters fresh water deposit box.The present invention makes full use of the luminous energy under wide seawater, solves the electricity consumption of underwater vehicle and personnel and is inscribed with shipwreck.

Description

A kind of aeration type under water solar energy concentration generating and desalinization set composite
Art
Solar energy concentration generating of the present invention utilizes technical field with desalinization.Specifically a kind of aeration type under water is too The new structure that positive energy concentrator is combined with solar panel and distilling sea water desalter.
Background technology
The sun is the Source of life of the earth, daily about 5.5 × 1021KJ solar energy reaches the earth.So huge energy 71% ocean uptake of most of occupied earth surface product.And during existing utilization solar device design, often only consider How to install and use on land, thus for these devices for ocean and do not apply to, this has resulted in the sun in ocean Can be wasted by substantial amounts of.
In recent years, the trend of the mankind oriented ocean development, the exploration to ocean is more and more, and not only sailing device on water is increasingly Increase, and gradually the going deep into undersea search with people, underwater vehicle or underwater operation device are also increasing, because The energy supply and domestic water problem of this submariner device or underwater operation device are also gradually put in face of people.Mesh Before, people are that the devices such as submariner device charge or supplement energy, and the mode for relying primarily on base station or tender is carried out, and this is significantly Limit the activity space of submariner device.If can be nearby using natural energy for submariner device charges, it is clear that be very intentional Justice.In ocean, natural energy also has a lot, than the thermal gradient energy if any seawater, the ocean energy of flow, tide energy and sea Upper abundant solar energy etc..However, only about 25 DEG C or so of the temperature difference of ocean, thermo-electric generation efficiency is very low in addition, therefore profit Seem infeasible for submariner device provides larger electric power with thermo-electric generation;Using the ocean energy of flow and tidal power, efficiency can be with It is higher, but huge device is needed, so huge device is carried for this confined space to submariner device not to be allowed.
Because the density of sunshine under water has become very low, if using common photovoltaic cell capable of generating power, it would be desirable to very Big cell area, this is that condition is not allowed, also it is not necessary that.We can gather together sunshine under water, Optically focused under water is realized, the usage amount of battery is reduced.Additionally, we can also be heated using the waste heat of solar panel generation Seawater, fresh water is produced so as to reach distillation sea water.This set composite had both realized the comprehensive utilization of solar generator, improved the sun Can utilization rate solve on underwater vehicle the electricity consumption of personnel again and inscribed with shipwreck.Therefore, beam condensing unit just becomes under water for research It is very necessary.
The content of the invention
Inflatable concentrator, solar battery group and distillation sea water desalting system are combined the invention provides one kind Device, using solar power generation and production fresh water.The set composite is in extra large underwater operation, so Strong Breezes Over is to system operation Influence is smaller, and resistance bad weather performance is strong.Inflatable concentrator inner wall is coated with reflectance coating and due to inner wall outside Refraction index of sea water be more than inner air refractive index, even if as long as this causes that some light is more than through reflectance coating its incidence angle Critical angle will be totally reflected, and this concentrator that make use of reflection and total reflection to converge light improves and utilized to entering light Rate.During off working state, released by by gas in flexible inflatable concentrator interlayer, concentrator is foldable to diminish so that whole Individual system is easy to carry and stores.Whole system does not produce electric energy merely with solar energy, in also using cell panel power generation process The waste heat of generation desalinizes seawater to distill, and improves the capacity usage ratio of system.
A kind of aeration type under water solar energy concentration generating and the set composite of desalinization, main device include flexible gas-filled Formula concentrator, charge valve, solar panel, ventilation charge for remittance device, condenser, conduit, air inlet and exhaust valve, fresh water deposit box.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention and operation principle are:Flexible inflatable concentrator can be filled with the gas of different quality Body is to adapt to different depth Underwater Pressure, and flexible inflatable concentrator inside is substantial amounts of can be limited with the spacing barrier film of through hole Two relative positions of outer surface of concentrator with ensure concentrator after insufflation gas surface will not undue evagination so that it is protected Hold suitable composite parabolic shape.When oblique incidence or parallel to concentrator symmetry axis light enter under water through flexible inflatable Collect on solar panel after the reflection of concentrator coated surface or multiple reflections, due to photovoltaic effect, solar panel Electric energy is converted light energy into externally to export;While electric energy is produced, the waste heat produced by solar panel will be from cell panel The back side is derived, so as to reach the purpose of cooling cell panel heating seawater.With fresh water deposit box it is connected by conduit due to condenser Connect, the gas flow in condenser can be controlled by air inlet and exhaust valve on fresh water deposit box, with the freedom for causing to be formed within the condenser Liquid level did not just have the minimum point of solar panel upper end and the thin through hole no more than ventilation charge for remittance device.Panel backside seawater Steam, thin through hole of the steam through ventilating on charge for remittance device will be produced at free surface inside condenser condensation is entered after being heated Device.Because the ocean temperature of condenser outer walls is relatively low, shape will be condensed in the inwall of condenser into the high-temperature steam in condenser Into fresh water drop.Under gravity, conduit flows through the conduit that one end connects fresh water deposit box to water droplet along ventilation charge for remittance device, most Fresh water deposit box is pooled to eventually.
Further, since refractive index of the gas refracting index less than seawater in aeration type under water concentrator interlayer, even if few portion Through the reflecting surface of plated film, as long as its incidence angle is more than or equal to critical angle, light will be totally reflected light splitter on its surface Collect on solar panel afterwards, so as to prevent this some light to pass through reflecting surface, increase the poly- of inflatable concentrator Light efficiency, and then improve the capacity usage ratio of whole set composite.
Beneficial effect:
(1) capacity usage ratio of the present invention is high.Be combined for solar power generation and desalination technology by the present invention so that compound The solar energy that apparatus system absorbs all is used appropriately, and improves system energy efficiency.Solar energy in conventional apparatus is broken Can only generate electricity or heat production single utilization pattern, accomplish combined heat and power utilization.Further, since flexible inflatable concentrator inside is Air, when under water, angle of incidence of light is more than or equal to critical angle, even if the light through reflectance coating will also be totally reflected on a small quantity, from And received by solar panel.This flexible inflatable concentrator collects optically focused by incident ray reflection and total reflection, Further increase system capacity utilization rate.
(2) present invention takes full advantage of extensive ocean luminous energy under water, is underwater operation device, for example submariner device, small-sized latent Ship etc., there is provided the continuation of the journey energy, makes it preferably complete underwater operation task, while these underwater operation devices can also be solved Middle personnel are inscribed with shipwreck.
(3) present invention can by low energy current density sunshine beam convergence into high energy current density focal spot, and cause focus exist Concentrator lower section, realizes reflection type straightforward focusing, so that receiver may be mounted at the lower section of concentrator, facilitates whole The design and installation of individual system and device.And in off working state, flexible inflatable concentrator can reduce it by deflating Volume, so that whole system becomes easy, it is easy to carry and storage.
(4) apparatus of the present invention compact conformation, low cost of manufacture is stable, and maintenance cost is few, long service life, can be with Scale application.The all parts of package unit include flexible inflatable concentrator, solar panel, ventilation charge for remittance device, condensation Device with, conduit, fresh water deposit box and intake and exhaust valve.These parts rule be arranged in a region so that whole device Closely.System all parts are easy to process and standardized production, low cost of manufacture.Whole system is to run under water, can To resist the bad weathers such as Strong Breezes Over, system run all right, maintenance cost is small, system long service life.The present apparatus can lead to Cross permutation and combination to be arranged under sea, form extensive generating and production freshwater system, it is achieved thereby that the lower photovoltaic in sea With low cost, the scale application of desalinization.
(5) present invention proposes a kind of air-inflated concentrator concept under water.According to different depth Underwater Pressure, inflation Appropriate mass gas is filled with inside formula concentrator, under its internal spacing barrier film effect, concentrator will form compound parabolic And reflectance coating is plated in the side being in contact with gas in concentrator inwall.Under water incident ray it is reflected and total reflection the method for operation It is caught on the receiver.This concentrator of flexible inflatable under water will provide a kind of new direction for later collector designs, Simultaneously also for Solar use under water provides new approaches.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention;
Fig. 2 is light path operation logic figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is operation logic figure of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the flexible inflatable concentrator that inflatable of the present invention has passage Horizontal limiting barrier film
Fig. 5 is with thermal siphon condenser pipe embodiment in condenser of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the present invention only for the embodiment of TRT;
Fig. 7 is present invention three-dimensional slot-type optical collector embodiment;
Fig. 8 is respectively rotary body formula and trough system series connection scale Application Example;
Wherein, 1-flexible inflatable concentrator;2-spacing the barrier film with passage;3-reflectance coating;4-charge valve 5-solar panel;6-ventilation charge for remittance device;7-thin through hole;8-conduit;9-condenser;10-fresh water deposit box;11— Air inlet and exhaust valve;12-conduit 13-parallel and away from symmetrical axial ray;14-parallel and close to symmetrical axial ray;15-through anti- Penetrate film light;16-symmetry axis;17-oblique incidence light;18-fresh water drips;19-free surface;20-there is passage Horizontal limiting barrier film;21-thermal siphon condenser coil;22-heat-insulation layer;23-thermal siphon condenser coil import;24-thermal siphon Condenser coil is exported.
Specific embodiment
Develop simultaneously embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the present invention will be described in detail.
Accompanying drawing 1 is a kind of aeration type under water solar power generation of the invention and desalinization hybrid system.Its device is mainly wrapped Include:The flexible inflatable of reflectance coating 3 is plated comprising the side that spacing barrier film 2 and inwall with passage are in contact with air in inside Concentrator 1, charge valve 4, solar panel 5, surface have the ventilation charge for remittance device 6, condenser 9 of thin through hole 7 and conduit 8, light Water deposit box 10, air inlet and exhaust valve 11, conduit 12.Wherein flexible inflatable concentrator 1 is located at whole system topmost.With ventilation The spacing barrier film 2 in hole is located inside flexible inflatable concentrator, many different small skies will be divided into inside whole flexible concentrator 1 Between, passage thereon is connected each space is separated.Reflectance coating 3 is plated in flexible inflatable concentrator inner surface with air phase The side of contact.Charge valve 4 is located at the upper outside correct position of flexible inflatable concentrator 1.Solar panel 5 is located at incidence Light focal spot fall position and its bottom be connected with the bottom of flexible inflatable concentrator 1 and put.Condenser 9 is located at solar-electricity The top of pond plate 5, is connected at its opening with the tight of cell panel 5.Ventilation charge for remittance device 6 is located inside condenser 9, its outward flange with Condenser 9 is closely coupled, and outlet is connected with the upper end of conduit 12.Steam is dispersed with ventilation charge for remittance 6 can be entered and debris under water Intransitable thin through hole 7 and guide the conduit 8 of conduit 12 into for fresh water will be formed in condenser.Fresh water deposit box is located at , with ventilation charge for remittance device 6 be connected for it by conduit 12 by the bottom of system.The top of fresh water deposit box 10 is connected to for inflating and putting The air inlet and exhaust valve 11 of gas.Apparatus of the present invention can be designed to the rotation body structure of three-dimensional, it is also possible to be designed to slot type structure.This hair Bright device can also constitute two-stage system above scale application by series system.
Accompanying drawing 2 is flexible inflatable concentrator concentrating light principles figure.When flexible inflatable concentrator 1 is placed under water, pass through Charge valve 4 will be full of by many small space that the spacing barrier film 2 with passage is split, and whole concentrator will form compound parabolic The shape in face.Parallel and close to symmetry axis 16, light 14 will in the axial direction reach and be coated with the concentrator 1 of reflectance coating 3 and be combined under water On parabola, by parabola primary event after, be pooled on solar panel 5.And it is parallel and away from the light of symmetry axis 16 Line 13 falls in the reflecting surface of the opposite side of symmetry axis 16 after reaching reflecting surface through reflection, and then light is through secondary reflection or multiple reflections Finally collect in afterwards on the solar panel 5 of the side.
When incident ray 17 under water has certain angle with symmetry axis 16, i.e. incident ray is tilted into flexible inflatable and gathers It is similar with parallel rays 13,14 situations during light device 1, it is final to converge after running into the one or many reflection of plating reflectance coating composite parabolic Collection is on solar panel 5.
When a small amount of incident ray 15 is through reflectance coating, due to the interlayer of flexible inflatable concentrator 1 inside gassy, its Refractive index is less than refraction index of sea water, and the incidence angle in this some light can not be passed through more than or equal to the light of its critical angle Concentrator 1 but collect on solar panel 5 after its inner surface is totally reflected.
Flexible inflatable concentrator 1 make use of the modes such as reflection, multiple reflections and the total reflection of light so that incident ray Can collect on cell panel 5, improve utilization rate of the system to solar energy.
As shown in Figure 3, the operation logic figure of device is explained as follows:When aeration type under water solar power generation and desalinization Set composite is placed in when under seawater, and gas will be many small full of what is be divided into the spacing film 2 of passage by charge valve 4 Space is with so that inflatable concentrator 1 has suitable compound parabolic under water.Into the portion big absolutely of incident ray 17 under water Lease making is converged on solar panel 5 after crossing the primary event of reflectance coating 3 or multiple reflections being plated on the inner surface of concentrator 1; Pass through reflectance coating on a small quantity and incidence angle can be same after the surface of concentrator plated film side is totally reflected more than the light of critical angle Converge on solar panel 5.The solar power generation that solar panel 5 receives to collect externally is exported, and panel system 5 Produced waste heat will pass through the backside conduction of cell panel to the seawater in the middle of panel system.Controlled by air inlet and exhaust valve 11 cold Air capacity in condenser 9 so that the lower section free surface 19 of condenser 9 did not just have cell panel upper end and no more than ventilation charge for remittance device The minimum point of 6 upper vent hole 7.Seawater in the middle of panel system produces high-temperature steam after being heated at free surface 19.High temperature Steam enters condenser 9 by thin through hole 7 on charge for remittance device 6 of ventilating;Because the ocean temperature of the outer wall of condenser 9 is low, high-temperature steam To be condensed on condenser inner wall and form fresh water drop 18;Fresh water drop 18 is under gravity by the groove through ventilating on charge for remittance device 6 Road 8 flows to conduit 12, and fresh water deposit box 10 is converged at then along conduit.When the fresh water that fresh water deposit box 10 is collected is continuously increased When, the air of the script in fresh water deposit box 10 will be extruded in condenser 9, when the air being extruded is excessive, condenser 9 Middle atmospheric pressure of crossing will cause the free surface 19 to reduce, and final liquid can not have solar panel 5, so as to influence the sun Cell panel radiates and fresh water yield.When such a circumstance occurs, it is necessary to excessive in opening the discharge fresh water deposit box of air inlet and exhaust valve 11 Gas to reduce gas pressure in condenser, and then maintain the suitable height of free surface 19.
In one embodiment as shown in Figure 4, flexible inflatable under water in concentrator 1 tilting have passage it is spacing every Film 2 replaces with horizontal has the spacing barrier film 20 of passage.
In one embodiment as shown in Figure 5, thermal siphon condenser coil 21 is added in condenser 9.Mare Frigoris water is from condensate pans The import 23 of pipe 21 enters, and the high-temperature steam part in condenser 9 condenses into fresh water in internal face, and another part encounters hot rainbow Inhale the heat release of condenser coil 21 and condense into fresh water.Seawater is diminished by heat density in condenser coil, and the condenser pipe other end is due to being protected Warm layer 22 is wrapped up, and its internal temperature is still relatively low, and density is big.Because there is density in thermal siphon condenser coil inside seawater Difference, seawater by by density it is small flow to the big place of density, such seawater just forms free convection in condenser coil 21, by entering The flow direction of mouth 23 outlet 24, and then realize the effect to steam condensation in condenser.
In one embodiment as shown in Figure 6, concentrator systems eliminate seawater desalination system to flexible inflatable under water, only protect Solar panel is stayed for generating electricity so that whole system is compacter, succinct.
In one embodiment as shown in Figure 7, flexible inflatable concentrator is the system of slot type
In one embodiment as shown in Figure 8, respectively rotary and slot-type optical collector Cascade System scale application together.
In sum, present pre-ferred embodiments are these are only, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., should be included in guarantor of the invention Within the scope of shield.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of aeration type under water solar energy concentration generating and desalinization set composite, it is characterised in that:Its structure is by flexibility Inflatable concentrator (1), charge valve (4), solar panel (5), surface distributed have thin through hole (7) and charge for remittance conduit (8) Ventilation charge for remittance device (6), condenser (9), fresh water deposit box (10), conduit (12), air inlet and exhaust valve (11) composition.Wherein it is described too Positive energy cell panel (5) bottom is connected with flexible inflatable concentrator (1) bottom, and its top and condenser (9) are closely connected.Ventilation Charge for remittance device (6) outward flange is closely coupled with condenser (9) internal face, and inner edges are connected with the upper end of conduit (12).Fresh water The import of deposit box (10) is connected with the lower end of conduit (12).
2. aeration type under water solar energy concentration generating as claimed in claim 1 and desalinization set composite, it is characterised in that Inflatable concentrator (1) interlayer inner space is divided into many small spaces by the spacing barrier film (2) with through hole, each small space Communicated by through hole.Inflatable concentrator (1) interlayer inwall ingress of air side is coated with reflectance coating (3), outer wall and charge valve (4) phase Even.
3. aeration type under water solar energy concentration generating as claimed in claim 1 and desalinization set composite, it is characterised in that Angle between cell panel (5) is less than 180 degree.The upper port that cell panel (5) is formed closely is connected with condenser inlet.
CN201710166396.0A 2017-03-20 2017-03-20 Inflatable underwater solar concentrating power generation and seawater desalination composite device Expired - Fee Related CN106927532B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710166396.0A CN106927532B (en) 2017-03-20 2017-03-20 Inflatable underwater solar concentrating power generation and seawater desalination composite device

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710166396.0A CN106927532B (en) 2017-03-20 2017-03-20 Inflatable underwater solar concentrating power generation and seawater desalination composite device

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CN113364412A (en) * 2021-04-25 2021-09-07 罗继蓉 Solar power generation device with standby inverter

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113364412A (en) * 2021-04-25 2021-09-07 罗继蓉 Solar power generation device with standby inverter

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