CN104944592B - Multilamellar shallow root system growing space plant filter post assembly type filter bed - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-layer shallow root system growth space plant filter column assembled filter bed, which comprises a filter bed body, and several plant filter column units are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the filter bed body; the plant filter column unit includes Cylindrical column wall, partition 1, partition 2, hydroponic plant 1 and hydroponic plant 2, a number of small holes are staggeredly arranged on the column wall, and partition 1 and partition are respectively arranged on the inner side of the column wall from top to bottom. Board two, one part of the hydroponic plant is fixed on the first partition, the stem and leaf part of the first hydroponic plant is upward, the second part of the hydroponic plant is fixed on the second partition and the bottom of the bed, and the stem and leaf part of the second hydroponic plant It extends to the outside of the column wall through the small hole; the end of the filter bed body is provided with a water inlet distribution pool, and the water inlet distribution pool is provided with an overflow weir. The invention has low manufacturing cost, simple maintenance, high land utilization rate and high sewage treatment efficiency.

Description

Multi-layer shallow root growth space plant filter column assembled filter bed

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and relates to a multi-layer shallow root system growth space plant filter column assembled filter bed treatment.

Background technique

Aquatic plant filter bed is a new type of substrate-free constructed wetland system used to purify eutrophic water. It first selects aquatic plants with well-developed stalks and root systems and plants them densely in artificial tanks, and efficiently removes suspended pollutants and algae in the water through the fine mesh-like root cushion formed during plant growth, and then the water is formed by microorganisms. Organic matter, nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, algae metabolites, etc. in the sludge accumulation (sludge) are biodegraded and removed, and at the same time, some nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the water and sediment are removed through plant absorption, and through regular Removing mud deposits removes most of the organic matter and nutrients from the water body, forming an efficient ecological purification system composed of aquatic animals, plants and symbiotic microorganisms. At the same time, it can also produce aquatic vegetables with high economic value, and through bio-composting fermentation technology, the sediment with high organic matter content can be converted into high-efficiency organic fertilizer, so as to achieve the recycling of resources.

As a technical means of sewage treatment, plant filter bed takes aquatic plants as the core, aquatic animals and microorganisms coexist, does not fill any medium, realizes the combination of physical filtration and biological treatment, has the advantages of simple process, convenient operation and management, large hydraulic load, Low investment, eco-environmental benefits and significant economic returns. However, the disadvantage is that the water depth is shallow, and under the same hydraulic retention time, it will result in a larger footprint.

Contents of the invention

Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a multi-layer shallow root system growth space plant filter column assembled filter bed with low device manufacturing cost, simple maintenance, high land utilization rate and high sewage treatment efficiency.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a multi-layer shallow root growth space plant filter column assembled filter bed, including a filter bed body, the bottom of the filter bed body is provided with several plant filters at intervals. Column unit; the plant filter column unit includes a column wall, a partition 1, a partition 2, a hydroponic plant 1 and a hydroponic plant 2, a number of small holes are staggered on the column wall, and the inner side of the column wall is from top to bottom Partition board 1 and partition board 2 are arranged respectively, one part of the hydroponic plant is fixed on the partition board 1, the stem and leaf part of the hydroponic plant 1 is upward, and the root of the hydroponic plant 2 is fixed on the partition board 2 and the bottom of the bed The second stem and leaf part of the hydroponic plant extends to the outside of the column wall through the small hole; the end of the filter bed body is provided with a water inlet distribution pool, and the water inlet distribution pool is provided with an overflow weir.

Further, the column wall is cylindrical, with a diameter of 20 cm and a height of 30 cm.

Further, the diameter of the small holes is 4cm, and the distance between small holes is 3cm.

Further, the first partition, the second partition and the bottom of the bed are all provided with slopes; the slopes of the first partition and the second partition are both 5%, and the slope of the bed bottom is 0.5%.

Further, the first water outlet, the second water outlet and the third water outlet are respectively provided on the position of the column wall close to the first partition, the second partition and the bottom of the bed.

Further, the distance between the plant filter column units is 8-10 cm.

Further, the filter bed body is a brick-concrete structure.

Further, the hydraulic load on the surface of the filter bed is 3.5-4.0m ³ /(m ² .d).

Further, the first hydroponic plant is watercress, canna, ryegrass or watercress, and the second hydroponic plant is reed.

Further, the distance between the first partition and the second partition and the distance between the second partition and the bottom of the bed are both 10 cm.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. The structure of the present invention is simple. The main body is a multi-layer shallow root growth space plant filter column assembled filter bed system composed of a plurality of shallow root growth space plant filter columns. The shallow plant filter column is designed as three layers to save land occupation. The area is about 2/3, which fully saves land resources;

2. This system is a multi-layer shallow root growth space plant filter column assembled filter bed system composed of several shallow root growth space plant filter columns. Shallow plant filter column monomers can be flexibly set according to site conditions and land area. the number of

3. The present invention rationally utilizes the growth habits of different emergent plants and hydroponic plants, utilizes the absorption of their roots and the physical interception of high-density roots of plants to effectively remove suspended organic matter, particulate nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage, and at the same time It can also produce aquatic vegetables with high economic value;

4. In the present invention, the plants in the multi-layer shallow root growth space plant filter column assembled filter bed are planted by the soilless cultivation method, which can overcome the problem that the traditional artificial wetland filled with fillers is easy to block;

5. According to the operation of the plant filter column assembled filter bed in the growth space of the multi-layer shallow root system, the aquatic plants on the top layer can be replaced according to the season, and the upper layer of the filter bed can be desilted synchronously; Clean up once a year;

6. The device of the present invention is easy to operate, the materials used are readily available, the operating cost is extremely low, and the occupied area can be greatly saved, and it is suitable for the purification treatment of large flow polluted surface water.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the column wall of plant filter column unit, dividing plate one and dividing plate two;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of hydroponic plant 2 of the plant filter column unit.

In the figure: 1-water distribution pool, 2-overflow weir, 3-hydroponic plant 1, 4-hydroponic plant 2, 5-column wall, 6-bed bottom, 7-small hole, 8-water outlet 3 , 9-filter bed body, 10-partition two, 11-water outlet two, 12-partition one, 13-water outlet one.

detailed description:

The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the multi-layer shallow root system growth space plant filter column assembly type filter bed of the present invention includes a filter bed body 9, the filter bed body 9 is a brick-concrete structure, and the surface hydraulic pressure of the filter bed body 9 is The load is 3.5-4.0m ³ /(m ² .d). An inlet distribution tank 1 is provided at the end of the filter bed body 9, and an overflow weir 2 is provided in the inlet distribution tank 1, and the water in the inlet distribution tank 1 can flow into the filter bed body 9 through the overflow weir 2. The bed bottom 6 of the filter bed body 9 is provided with several plant filter column units at intervals, and the distance between the plant filter column units is 8-10 cm, leaving sufficient space for the growth of stems and leaves of hydroponic plants in the plant filter column units.

The plant filter column unit includes a column wall 5 , a partition one 12 , a partition two 10 , a hydroponic plant one 3 and a hydroponic plant two 4 . Described column wall 5 is cylindrical, and column wall 5 diameters are 20cm, and height is 30cm; On the column wall 5, some small holes 7 are arranged in a staggered manner, and small holes 7 are used for water intake and placement of hydroponic plants, and the diameter of small holes 7 is 4cm, the hole spacing of the small holes 7 is 3cm; the inner side of the column wall 5 is respectively provided with a partition one 12 and a partition two 10 from top to bottom, and the distance between the partition one 12 and the partition two 10 and the partition two The distance between 10 and the bottom of the bed 6 is 10cm, and the internal space of the column wall 5 is divided into upper, middle and lower layers by the first partition 12 and the second partition 10; the three parts of the hydroponic plants are fixed on the first partition On 12, the stem and leaf part of hydroponic plant one 3 is upward; the four parts of hydroponic plant two are fixed on the partition two 10 and the bottom of the bed 6, and the stem and leaf part of hydroponic plant two 4 extends to the outside of the column wall 5 through the small hole 7 . In this embodiment, the first hydroponic plant 3 is water spinach, canna, ryegrass or watercress, and the second hydroponic plant 4 is reed.

In addition, the first partition 12, the second partition 10 and the bottom of the bed 6 are all provided with slopes, the slopes of the first partition 12 and the second 10 of the partition are 5%, and the slope of the bottom 6 of the bed is 0.5%; the column wall 5 is close to the partition The positions of one 12, the partition two 10 and the bottom of the bed 6 are respectively provided with a water outlet 13, a water outlet 11 and a water outlet 3 8. Through the above-mentioned structure, on the one hand, it is convenient for the discharge of water in the shallow plant filter bed, and on the other hand On the one hand, the silt formed in the filter column unit can flow out along the direction of the slope.

The water in the water distribution pool 1 enters the filter bed body 9 through the overflow weir 2, then passes through each filter column unit in turn, is treated with hydroponic plants in the plant filter column unit, and finally passes through the last filter column unit before effluent . According to the operation of the filter bed, the device can be regularly maintained and desilted.

The three-layer design of the plant filter column unit in the filter bed of the present invention can not only save land area, but also can rationally utilize the growth habits of different emergent plants and hydroponic plants, and utilize the absorption of their roots and the physical interception of high-density roots of plants , Effectively remove suspended solids, particulate nitrogen and particulate phosphorus in sewage. In addition, the soilless cultivation method is used to plant plants in the plant filter column unit, which can overcome the problem of easy clogging of traditional artificial wetlands with fillers.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications can also be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A multi-layer shallow root growth space plant filter column assembly type filter bed, comprising a filter bed body (9), is characterized in that: the bed bottom (6) of the filter bed body (9) is provided with several plants at intervals Filter column unit; the plant filter column unit includes column wall (5), partition one (12), partition two (10), hydroponic plant one (3) and hydroponic plant two (4), the column The wall (5) is cylindrical, and a number of small holes (7) are staggeredly arranged on the column wall (5). The inner side of the column wall (5) is respectively provided with a partition one (12) and a partition two (10) from top to bottom. , the first partition (12), the second partition (10) and the bottom of the bed (6) are all provided with slopes, and the column wall (5) is close to the first partition (12), the second partition (10) and the bottom of the bed (6) The positions are respectively provided with water outlet one (13), water outlet two (11) and water outlet three (8), and the hydroponic plant one (3) is water spinach, canna, ryegrass or watercress, hydroponic plant The root part of one (3) is fixed on the partition one (12), the stem and leaf part of the hydroponic plant one (3) is upward, the second hydroponic plant (4) is a reed, and the root part of the hydroponic plant two (4) is fixed On the partition two (10) and the bottom of the bed (6), the stem and leaf part of the hydroponic plant two (4) extends to the outside of the column wall (5) through the small hole (7); the front end of the filter bed body (9) A water inlet distribution pool (1) is provided, and an overflow weir (2) is provided in the water inlet distribution pool (1). 2. A multi-layer shallow root growth space plant filter column assembled filter bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the column wall (5) has a diameter of 20 cm and a height of 30 cm. 3. A multi-layer shallow root growth space plant filter column assembled filter bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the small holes (7) is 4 cm, and the distance between the small holes (7) is 3 cm. 4. A kind of multi-layer shallow root growth space plant filter column assembled filter bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the slope of the first partition (12) and the second partition (10) is 5%, The slope of the bottom of the bed (6) is 0.5%. 5 . The multi-layer shallow root growth space plant filter column assembled filter bed according to claim 1 , characterized in that: the distance between the plant filter column units is 8-10 cm. 6. The filter bed assembled with multi-layer shallow root growth space plant filter column according to claim 1, characterized in that: the filter bed body (9) is a brick-concrete structure. 7. A filter bed assembled with multi-layer shallow root growth space plant filter column according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surface hydraulic load of the filter bed body (9) is 3.5-4.0m ³ /( m ² .d). 8. A kind of multi-layer shallow root growth space plant filter column assembled filter bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distance between the first partition (12) and the second partition (10) and the partition The distance between plate two (10) and the bottom of the bed (6) is 10cm.