CN112919638A - Modular aquatic plant multi-layer community construction system - Google Patents
Modular aquatic plant multi-layer community construction system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112919638A CN112919638A CN202110138361.2A CN202110138361A CN112919638A CN 112919638 A CN112919638 A CN 112919638A CN 202110138361 A CN202110138361 A CN 202110138361A CN 112919638 A CN112919638 A CN 112919638A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 241000234282 Allium Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000003826 Eichhornia crassipes Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000267823 Hydrangea macrophylla Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014486 Hydrangea macrophylla Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001536526 Nuphar pumila Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000202758 Scirpus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000001398 Typha domingensis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 ceramsite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
- C02F2201/007—Modular design
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/10—Solids, e.g. total solids [TS], total suspended solids [TSS] or volatile solids [VS]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/14—NH3-N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/18—PO4-P
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/02—Odour removal or prevention of malodour
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a modular aquatic plant multi-layer community construction system which comprises an aquatic plant planting module and an impervious structure, wherein the aquatic plant planting module is arranged perpendicular to a river bank or parallel to the river bank and forms a semi-closed area with an open top together with the impervious structure and the river bank in a surrounding mode, and the aquatic plant planting module comprises a structural frame, planting holes, a fixing blanket and planting matrixes. The invention realizes three-dimensional multi-layer planting, fully utilizes the existing space of a riverway, strengthens the coverage density, fully exerts the advantages of different types of aquatic plants, realizes three-dimensional purification, has better purification effect, manufactures semi-closed regional purification space in water, can realize the quantitative result of the plants on water purification by detecting the inlet and outlet water quality, is more scientific and targeted than other open plant purification, and has wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ecology, and particularly relates to a modular aquatic plant multi-layer community construction system.
Background
The aquatic plant community as a producer of wetland ecosystem is a main body for realizing the function of ecosystem and provides food sources and habitats for various animals and other organisms. Also has the functions of purifying water and beautifying the environment, and has irreplaceable effect in ecological environment construction.
However, the current aquatic plant community construction mainly adopts simple plane planting aiming at the construction of an ecological system and lacks three-dimensional multi-layer planting, thereby causing the problems of low space utilization rate, poor community stability, poor purification effect and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to a modular aquatic plant multi-layered community building system, which can enhance the hierarchical structure and purification function of an aquatic plant community and improve the stability of the community and the purification capability of a water body.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a modular aquatic plant multi-layer community construction system comprises an aquatic plant planting module and an impervious structure, at least one aquatic plant planting module is arranged, the aquatic plant planting module is arranged vertical to a river bank or parallel to the river bank, and forms a semi-closed area with an open top with an impervious structure and a river bank, the aquatic plant planting module comprises a structure frame, planting holes, a fixed blanket and planting matrix, the planting holes are arranged at the top end and the side surface of the structural frame, the fixing blanket is laid on the inner side of the structural frame, the planting substrate is filled on the inner side of the fixing blanket, the top end of the structural frame is a wet plant and emergent aquatic plant planting area, the upper part of the side surface is an emergent aquatic plant planting area, the bottom part of the side surface is a submerged plant planting area, the water area between the aquatic plant planting module and the river bank or the water area between the aquatic plant planting modules is a floating leaf plant planting area.
Furthermore, the transverse section of the structural frame is gradually narrowed or stepped from bottom to top, the center of gravity of the module is low, the stability is high, and meanwhile, the suspension and the growth of plants are facilitated.
Furthermore, the top of the structural frame is provided with an opening, a planting cover is covered at the opening, and the planting cover can be opened to be filled with the matrix and the fixing blanket.
Further, the height of the structural frame is 1-2m, the width of the bottom is 1-1.5m, and the width of the top is 0.2-0.5 m.
Furthermore, the planting substrate comprises nutrient soil, ceramsite, zeolite and gravel, and is similar to the artificial wetland substrate, so that the growth of plants is facilitated.
Further, the fixing blanket is woven by plant fibers, the thickness of the fixing blanket is 2-8mm, and preferably, the fixing blanket is woven by coconut fibers or garden waste. The thickness is thin, the planting is convenient, and the resource recycling is realized by selecting garden waste.
Furthermore, the planting holes are round or square, the size of the planting holes close to the bottom of the structural frame is 4-8cm, and the size of the planting holes close to the top and the upper part of the bottom of the structural frame is 8-15 cm. The bottom bearing weight is large, and submerged plants are planted at the bottom, so that the plant type is small; the plant types such as emergent aquatic plants planted on the top and the upper part of the frame are larger, and the planting holes in the upper part and the bottom of the side surface are obliquely upwards arranged, so that the emergent aquatic plants and the submerged plants grow obliquely upwards.
Further, the hygrophyte is at least one of wild buckwheat, tall fescue and pampas grass; the emergent aquatic plant is at least one of arrowhead, hydrangea macrophylla, scirpus, water haired flower, calamus, cattail and allium emodi; the submerged plant is at least one of herba Swertiae Dilutae, herba Eupatorii Heterophylli, and hydrilla verticillata; the water fleshy plant is at least one of Nuphar pumilum, gorgon euryale seed and eichhornia crassipes.
Further, the watertight structure is a watertight baffle or a retaining wall.
The invention also aims to provide a using method of the modular aquatic plant multi-layer community construction system, which comprises module planting and module construction;
the module planting is divided into two steps: the first step is to open the planting cover, place the fixing blanket close to the inner side of the structural frame, then fill the planting matrix and cover the planting cover; secondly, planting plants, cutting off a fixed blanket at the inner side of a required planting hole by using scissors, and planting the required plants in the planting hole; according to the method, all the required plants are planted according to the design requirement, and then module planting is completed;
the module construction is divided into an A mode and a B mode: in the A mode, the aquatic plant planting modules are vertically arranged with the river bank, floating-leaf plants are arranged between the aquatic plant planting modules, and water flow passes through the aquatic plant planting modules along the direction of the river channel to achieve the purpose of purification; and in the B mode, the aquatic plant planting module is placed in parallel with the river bank, floating leaf plants are placed between the aquatic plant planting module and the river bank, water flow enters an aquatic plant planting module area along the direction of a river channel, and then the water flow passes through the aquatic plant planting module vertical to the river bank to achieve the purpose of purification.
The A-mode purification is a multi-stage purification mode, has high cost and strong purification capacity, and is mainly a solution provided for the fifth-class inferior and black and odorous water bodies; the B mode is a single-stage purification mode, is low in cost and general in purification capacity, and mainly provides a solution for no more than five types of water bodies and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the modular aquatic plant multi-layered community construction system has the following advantages:
1. the three-dimensional multi-layer planting is realized, the existing space of the river channel is fully utilized, the coverage density is strengthened, and the purification effect is better;
2. the advantages of different types of aquatic plants are fully exerted, three-dimensional purification is realized, the submerged plants purify the water quality at the lower part of the water body, the floating plants purify the water quality at the upper part of the water body, when water flows through the modules, firstly impurities in the water body are intercepted by the modules, and secondly, emergent aquatic plants and hygrophytes purify the impurities in the water body;
3. a semi-closed regional purification space is manufactured in a water body, the water quality purification effect can be realized through the detection of inlet and outlet water quality, and the quantitative result of the plant on the water quality purification is more scientific and more targeted than other open plant purification;
4. the application range is wide, both flowing water flow and static water flow can be used, and aquatic community systems such as floating plants cannot be damaged due to excessive water flow.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an aquatic plant growing module of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of an aquatic plant growing module of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the aquatic plant growing module of the present invention covering a growing cover;
fig. 4 is a construction pattern diagram of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a structural frame; 2. planting holes; 3. submerged plants; 4. emerging plants; 5. fixing the blanket; 6. planting a substrate; 7. a hygrophyte; 8. covering with a planting cover; 9. a modular community system; 10. a leafy plant; 11. a water impermeable structure.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, technical terms used in the following examples have the same meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. The test reagents used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional biochemical reagents; the experimental methods are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples and accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the modular aquatic plant multi-layer community construction system comprises at least one aquatic plant planting module and a watertight structure 11, wherein the aquatic plant planting module is arranged perpendicular to or parallel to a river bank and forms a semi-closed area with an open top with the watertight structure 11 and the river bank, the aquatic plant planting module comprises a structural frame 1, planting holes 2, a fixing blanket 5 and planting matrixes 6, the planting holes 2 are arranged at the top end and the side surface of the structural frame 1, the fixing blanket 5 is laid on the inner side of the structural frame 1, and the planting matrixes 6 are filled in the inner side of the fixing blanket 5.
The transverse section of the structural frame 1 is in an inverted T-shaped structure which gradually narrows from bottom to top or narrows in a step manner, the center of gravity of the module is low, the stability is high, and meanwhile, the suspension and the growth of plants are facilitated. The top of the structural frame 1 is provided with an opening, a planting cover 8 is covered at the opening, and the planting cover is opened to be filled with a substrate and a fixed blanket. The height of the structural frame 1 is 1-2m, the bottom width is 1-1.5m, and the top width is 0.2-0.5 m. The planting substrate 6 comprises nutrient soil, ceramsite, zeolite and gravel, is similar to the substrate of the artificial wetland, and is beneficial to the growth of plants. The fixing blanket 5 is woven by plant fibers, the thickness of the fixing blanket is 2-8mm, and preferably, the fixing blanket 5 is woven by coconut shreds or garden waste. The thickness is thin, the planting is convenient, and the resource recycling is realized by selecting garden waste. The planting holes 2 are round or square, the size of the planting holes 2 close to the bottom of the structural frame is 4-8cm, and the size of the planting holes 2 close to the top and the upper part of the bottom of the structural frame is 8-15 cm. The bottom bearing weight is large, and submerged plants are planted at the bottom, so that the plant type is small; the plant types such as emergent aquatic plants planted on the top and the upper part of the frame are larger, and the planting holes in the upper part and the bottom of the side surface are obliquely upwards arranged, so that the emergent aquatic plants and the submerged plants grow obliquely upwards.
The top end of the structural frame 1 is a planting area for the hygrophytes 7 and the emergent aquatic plants 4, the upper part of the side surface is the planting area for the emergent aquatic plants 4, the bottom of the side surface is a planting area for the submerged plants 3, and the water area between the aquatic plant planting modules and the river bank or the water area between the aquatic plant planting modules is a planting area for the floating-leaf plants 10. The hygrophyte 7 is at least one of wild buckwheat, tall fescue and pampas grass; the emergent aquatic plant 4 is at least one of arrowhead, hydrangea macrophylla, scirpus, water hair flower, acorus calamus, cattail and allium emodi; the submerged plant 3 is at least one of herba Swertiae Dilutae, herba Eupatorii Lobatae, and hydrilla verticillata; the water plant 10 is at least one of Nuphar Pumila, semen euryales and Eichhornia Crassipes. Full play different grade type aquatic plant's advantage realizes three-dimensional purification, and 3 purification water lower part quality of water of submerged plant, floating leaf plant 10 purification water upper portion quality of water, and the impurity is held back by the module at first in the water through the modular when rivers, and secondly emergent aquatic plant 4 and hydrophyte 7 carry out purification treatment to the impurity in the water.
A semi-closed regional purification space is manufactured in a water body, the water quality purification effect can be realized through the detection of inlet and outlet water quality, and the quantitative result of the plant on the water quality purification is more scientific and more targeted than other open plant purification.
The using method of the modular aquatic plant multi-layer community construction system comprises module planting and module construction;
the module planting is divided into two steps: the first step is to open the planting cover 8, place the fixing blanket 5 next to the inner side of the structural frame 1, then fill the planting matrix 6 and cover the planting cover 8; secondly, planting plants, cutting off the fixed blanket 5 on the inner side of the needed planting hole 2 by using scissors, and planting the needed plants in the planting hole 2; according to the method, all the required plants are planted according to the design requirement, and then module planting is completed;
the module construction is divided into an A mode and a B mode: in the A mode, the aquatic plant planting modules are vertically arranged with the river bank, floating-leaf plants 10 are arranged between the aquatic plant planting modules, and water flow passes through the aquatic plant planting modules along the river course direction to achieve the purpose of purification; in the B mode, the aquatic plant planting module is arranged in parallel with the river bank, the floating leaf plants 10 are arranged between the aquatic plant planting module and the river bank, water flows enter the aquatic plant planting module area along the river channel direction, and then the water flows perpendicular to the river bank and pass through the aquatic plant planting module, so that the purification purpose is realized.
The A-mode purification is a multi-stage purification mode, has high cost and strong purification capacity, and is mainly a solution provided for the fifth-class inferior and black and odorous water bodies; the B mode is a single-stage purification mode, is low in cost and general in purification capacity, and mainly provides a solution for no more than five types of water bodies and the like.
Examples 1
Planning and implementing river sections, testing the water quality, and displaying the water quality in five categories according to the water quality test result. Selecting a construction mode A, wherein the used hygrophytes are wild buckwheat and tall fescue. The emergent aquatic plants include rhizoma Acori Calami, rhizoma Typhae, and herba Alii Fistulosi. The submerged plant is herba Swertiae Dilutae and herba Lysimachiae Capillipedis. The floating-leaf plants include semen euryales and herba Eichhorniae. The method comprises the following steps of finishing planting of required modules, placing the modules close to a river bank, enabling the modules to be vertical to the river bank, enabling the tops of the modules to be 10-20cm higher than the water surface, placing 5 rows of modules, placing floating leaf plants between the modules, connecting the modules through impervious baffles or retaining walls, and enabling water to pass through the modules along the river course direction. The water quality of the purified water after three months after the project is implemented changes from the inferior five types to the five types, and the specific data are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Water quality index before and after mode A purification
EXAMPLES example 2
Planning and implementing river sections, testing the water quality, and displaying the water quality in five categories according to the water quality test result. Selecting a construction mode B, wherein the used hygrophytes are the festuca arundinacea and the pampas grass. The emergent aquatic plants include rhizoma Sagittariae Sagittifoliae, herba Erodii seu Geranii, Scirpus triqueter, herba Solani Lyrati, and rhizoma Acori Calami. The submerged plant is herba Swertiae Dilutae and hydrilla verticillata. The herba Potentillae Discoloris is herba Nupharis Pumili, semen euryales, and herba Eichhorniae. The required modules are planted, the modules are parallel to the river bank and are 1.5m away from the river bank, the tops of the modules are 10-20cm higher than the water surface, 5 rows of the modules are arranged, floating-leaf plants are placed in a cavity defined by the modules, the bottoms of the cavities are connected through impermeable baffles or retaining walls, and water flows through the modules along the river course direction. The water quality of the purified water after three months after the project implementation is changed from five types to four types, and the specific data are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Water quality indices before and after mode B purification
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. Modular aquatic plant multiple layer type community system of constructing, its characterized in that: the aquatic plant planting module comprises at least one aquatic plant planting module and an impervious structure, wherein the aquatic plant planting module is arranged perpendicular to a river bank or parallel to the river bank and forms a semi-closed area with an open top by enclosing with the impervious structure and the river bank, the aquatic plant planting module comprises a structure frame, planting holes, a fixing blanket and planting matrixes, the planting holes are formed in the top end and the side surface of the structure frame, the fixing blanket is laid on the inner side of the structure frame, the planting matrixes are filled in the inner side of the fixing blanket, the top end of the structure frame is a hydrophyte and emergent aquatic plant planting area, the upper part of the side surface is an emergent aquatic plant planting area, the bottom of the side surface is a submerged plant planting area, and a water area between the aquatic plant planting module and the river bank or a water area between the aquatic plant planting modules is a floating leaf plant planting area.
2. The modular aquatic plant multi-layered community building system of claim 1, wherein: the transverse cross section of the structural frame is gradually narrowed from bottom to top or is stepped.
3. The modular aquatic plant multi-layered community building system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the top of the structural frame is provided with an opening, and a planting cover is covered at the opening.
4. The modular aquatic plant multi-layered community building system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the height of the structural frame is 1-2m, the width of the bottom is 1-1.5m, and the width of the top is 0.2-0.5 m.
5. The modular aquatic plant multi-layered community building system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the planting substrate comprises nutrient soil, ceramsite, zeolite and gravel.
6. The modular aquatic plant multi-layered community building system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the fixing blanket is woven by plant fibers, the thickness of the fixing blanket is 2-8mm, and preferably, the fixing blanket is woven by coconut shreds or garden waste.
7. The modular aquatic plant multi-layered community building system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the planting holes are round or square, the size of the planting holes close to the bottom of the structural frame is 4-8cm, and the size of the planting holes close to the top and the upper part of the bottom of the structural frame is 8-15 cm.
8. The modular aquatic plant multi-layered community building system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the hygrophyte is at least one of wild buckwheat, tall fescue and pampas grass; the emergent aquatic plant is at least one of arrowhead, hydrangea macrophylla, scirpus, water haired flower, calamus, cattail and allium emodi; the submerged plant is at least one of herba Swertiae Dilutae, herba Eupatorii Heterophylli, and hydrilla verticillata; the water fleshy plant is at least one of Nuphar pumilum, gorgon euryale seed and eichhornia crassipes.
9. The modular aquatic plant multi-layered community building system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the waterproof structure is a waterproof baffle or a retaining wall.
10. Use of the modular aquatic plant multi-layered community building system of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the method comprises module planting and module construction;
the module planting is divided into two steps: the first step is to open the planting cover, place the fixing blanket close to the inner side of the structural frame, then fill the planting matrix and cover the planting cover; secondly, planting plants, cutting off a fixed blanket at the inner side of a required planting hole by using scissors, and planting the required plants in the planting hole; according to the method, all the required plants are planted according to the design requirement, and then module planting is completed;
the module construction is divided into an A mode and a B mode: in the A mode, the aquatic plant planting modules are vertically arranged with the river bank, floating-leaf plants are arranged between the aquatic plant planting modules, and water flow passes through the aquatic plant planting modules along the direction of the river channel to achieve the purpose of purification; and in the B mode, the aquatic plant planting module is placed in parallel with the river bank, floating leaf plants are placed between the aquatic plant planting module and the river bank, water flow enters an aquatic plant planting module area along the direction of a river channel, and then the water flow passes through the aquatic plant planting module vertical to the river bank to achieve the purpose of purification.
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