CN104937185A - 复合覆盖板建筑系统 - Google Patents
复合覆盖板建筑系统 Download PDFInfo
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- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0866—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements composed of several layers, e.g. sandwich panels or layered panels
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Abstract
一种复合覆盖板建筑系统,该复合覆盖板建筑系统包括:复合覆盖板,每个板均包括由隔热材料制成的内层,该内层由用防水材料制成的外层包围;至少一个支撑突伸部,该支撑突伸部构造成经由至少一个固定表面固定至支撑结构并支撑复合覆盖板的内侧;以及至少一个拐角突伸部,该拐角突伸部构造成经由附接至支撑结构的固定突伸部而在形成于两个相邻的类似复合覆盖板的外边缘之间的间隙中附接至支撑结构,并与相邻板的外边缘交叠以密封该间隙。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本发明基于新西兰专利申请号604761提交的临时说明书,其全部内容结合于此。
技术领域
本发明总体涉及一种复合覆盖板(cladding panel,外墙板、外挂板)建筑系统。特别地,本发明涉及一种具有用于附接至建筑物构架的预制覆盖板的复合覆盖板建筑系统。
背景技术
包括木质或钢质构架的建筑物是已知的,预成型的覆盖板(例如铝板)安装在该木质或钢质构架上以形成非承重外立面。这种建筑物可快速建立,并且比砖或石料外立面建筑物更便宜。
用这种板进行建造的方法涉及,就地(onsite,现场)从建筑物构架测量每个所需的板,并在回到现场安装板之前用专用切割设备在其他地方(offsite,现场外)切割所需尺寸的板。可能需要重复此过程,直到所有所需的板被安装。使用这种建造方法的缺点是费时、耗费人力并且成本高。
此外,使用装配至建筑物构架的预成型的覆盖板进行建造的当前方法涉及,用硅树脂等对板进行针对天气的密封。此方法的缺点是,硅树脂在一段时间(例如10年)之后会失效,于是需要定期地重新密封板,这在时间和成本方面也是不利的。
发明目的
本发明的目的是提供一种解决现有技术中的至少一部分问题(例如以上讨论的那些问题)的复合覆盖板系统。
可替代地,本发明的目的是至少对公众提供有用的选择。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种复合覆盖板建筑系统,该系统包括:
·复合覆盖板,所述复合覆盖板包括:
ο由防水材料制成的外层;和
ο由隔热材料制成的内层;以及
·至少一个支撑突伸部,该支撑突伸部构造成经由至少一个固定表面固定至支撑结构。
优选地,内层由闭孔泡沫制成。
更优选地,该闭孔泡沫是挤塑式聚苯乙烯泡沫。
优选地,外层是金属板。
更优选地,该金属板是铝的。
优选地,外层的厚度是1mm到4mm之间。
更优选地,外层的厚度是3mm。
优选地,外层经由双面胶固定至内层。
优选地,拐角连接件选自以下连接件构成的组:90°的内拐角连接件;135°的内拐角连接件;90°的外拐角连接件;以及135°的外拐角连接件。
优选地,复合覆盖板系统还包括至少一个拱腹突伸部,该拱腹突伸部构造为相对于建筑物顶的拱腹来定位复合覆盖板的顶边缘。
优选地,复合覆盖板系统还包括至少一个基底突伸部,基底突伸部构造为相对于建筑物的基底表面来定位复合覆盖板的底边缘。
优选地,复合覆盖板系统还包括至少一个窗台突伸部,窗台突伸部构造为相对于建筑物顶的窗台来定位复合覆盖板的顶边缘。
优选地,复合覆盖板系统还包括至少一个楣部突伸部,楣部突伸部构造为相对于建筑物的窗楣或门楣来定位复合覆盖板的底边缘。
根据本发明的第二方面,提供了一种用于制造用于复合覆盖板系统的复合覆盖板的方法,所述方法包括以下方法步骤:
a.将由防水材料制成的外层按压到由隔热材料制成的内层的一侧上。
优选地,用于制造复合覆盖板的方法还包括以下步骤:
b.用双面胶将外层固定至内层。
优选地,用于制造复合覆盖板的方法还包括以下步骤:
b.将外层真空密封至内层。
根据本发明的第三方面,提供了用于覆盖建筑物的外部的一套部件,这套部件包括:
·复合覆盖板,该复合覆盖板包括:
ο由防水材料制成的外层;和
ο由隔热材料制成的内层;
·至少一个支撑突伸部,该支撑突伸部构造成经由至少一个固定表面固定至支撑结构。
附图说明
现在将仅以实例的方式并参考附图中的任意一幅来描述本发明,附图中:
图1a示出了用于与本发明的复合覆盖板系统一起使用的复合覆盖板的优选实施方式的侧视图;
图1b示出了图1a中示出的优选实施方式的立体截面图;
图2示出了用于与本发明的复合覆盖板系统一起使用的复合覆盖板的第二优选实施方式的立体图;
图3示出了具有如图1a中示出的多个复合覆盖板的建筑物的前视图,所述多个复合覆盖板用本发明的复合覆盖板系统建造;
图4示出了图3中示出的建筑物的水平连接件和竖直连接件的截面图;
图5示出了图3中示出的建筑物的拱腹的截面图;
图6示出了图3中示出的建筑物的基底的截面图;
图7示出了图3中示出的建筑物的90°的外拐角的截面图;
图8示出了图3中示出的建筑物的135°的外拐角的截面图;
图9示出了图3中示出的建筑物的90°的内拐角的截面图;
图10示出了图3中示出的建筑物的135°的内拐角的截面图;
图11示出了图3中示出的建筑物的窗台的截面图;
图12示出了图3中示出的建筑物的窗边框的截面图;以及
图13示出了图3中示出的建筑物的窗楣的截面图。
具体实施方式
复合覆盖板
在本发明的第一优选形式中,用于建筑系统的复合覆盖板总体用箭头1’表示。板(1’)包括由铝板(2’)制成的外层,该外层厚度是3mm且包围内层(3’),内层的厚度是12mm且由挤塑式聚苯乙烯闭孔泡沫形式的隔热材料制成。
铝板(2’)的外表面在制造过程中涂上粉末以使得在附接至建筑物的墙壁之后不需要进行涂饰。可根据需要将板(1’)制造成不同的尺寸(例如0.9m乘1.1m)。
通过将铝板(2’)按压到隔热材料(3’)上的第一步骤来制造复合覆盖板(1’)。铝板(2’)经由双面胶(4’)粘结到隔热材料(3’)上。
参考图2,在本发明优选的第二优选形式中,用于覆盖板系统的复合覆盖板总体用箭头1表示。板(1)包括由铝板(2)制成的外层,该铝板的厚度是1mm且包围由挤塑式聚苯乙烯闭孔泡沫形式的隔热材料制成的内层(3)。
铝板(2)的外表面在制造过程中涂上粉末以使得在附接至建筑物的墙壁之后不需要进行涂饰。可根据需要将板(1)制造成不同的尺寸(例如0.9m乘1.1m)。
通过以下第一步骤来制造复合覆盖板(1),该第一步骤为:将铝板(2)形式的外层按压在隔热泡沫芯部(3)形式的内层的一侧上,并且用双面胶将铝板(2)固定至隔热泡沫芯部(3)或将铝板(2)真空密封至隔热泡沫芯部(3)。
复合覆盖板系统
本发明的复合覆盖板系统提供了一种用于在短时间内(例如对于中型住宅房来说是3天)覆盖建筑物的整体系统(包括板、防水板和装饰线脚(moulding,线条))。该复合覆盖板系统能以能够就地安装的成套形式提供。参考图3,板(1’或1)附接至建筑物的构架以使得板在墙壁(总体用箭头100表示)的平面中以规则的间隔隔开,从而形成竖直连接件(5)或水平连接件(6)(如图4所示)。板(1’或1)可定位在房顶(未示出)的拱腹(7)(如图5所示)的下方,从而形成具有地板的基底(8)(如图6所示),形成外拐角(9)(如图7和图8所示),形成内拐角(10)(如图9和图10所示),定位在窗(200)的窗台(11)(如图11所示)附近和/或窗(200)的边框(jamb,窗框)(12)(如图12所示)附近和/或窗楣(13;如图13所示)附近。
在使用中,通过使用切割工具(例如切割铝板(2)的锯和切割隔热材料层(3)的斯坦利刀具(Stanley knife))根据需要将板(1’或1)就地切割成需要的尺寸。
参考图4,板(1’或1)从外侧经由螺纹件(14)通过在相邻的板(1’或1)之间螺拧到水平的30mm的腔板条15而附接至建筑物的构架(300),(螺拧至建筑物构架300),以使得板在建筑物的墙壁的平面中以规则间隔隔开。细长柔性防水板(16)和盖(17)在箭头A的方向上夹持在外螺纹件的头部上,以遮挡外螺纹件并在建筑物的墙壁上形成美观的平齐外表面。
在相邻的板(1’)之间形成的连接件被粘结以将板(1’)就地相对于天气进行密封。
以下参照图5至图13进行的描述涉及板1的使用。然而,本领域的技术人员将理解的是,在不背离本发明的范围的前提下,也可替代性地使用板1’。
复合覆盖板与建筑物拱腹的附接
参考图5,其中,板(1)经由顶盖突伸部(18)定位在房顶(未示出)的拱腹(7)的平面下方并与该平面垂直,并且,顶盖突伸部通过螺纹件(500)固定至30mm的顶腔板条(400)。板条(400)固定至建筑物构架(300)。
复合覆盖板与建筑物基底的附接
参考图6,板(1)经由底盖突伸部(19)相对于建筑物构架基底(8)固定,底盖突伸部构造成通过使底盖突伸部(19)经由螺纹件(21)固定至板条(20)而将板(1)定位在与基底(8)的平面垂直的位置中。
复合覆盖板与建筑物的外拐角的附接
参考图7,两个相邻的板(1a和1b)经由腔支撑板条(分别是23a和23b)定位在两个垂直的墙壁构架构件(分别是22a和22b)上,并经由螺纹件(分别是25a和25b)固定。腔支撑板条(23a和23b)抵靠外板件(分别是24a和24b)。在建筑物的90°外拐角处的相邻的板(1a和1b)之间形成的间隙被90°的外拐角连接器条(26)覆盖,该外拐角连接器条经由螺纹件(25a和25b)附接至建筑物。通过这种方式,外拐角连接器条(26)与板(1a和1b)的外边缘交叠以密封在它们之间形成的间隙,从而无需使用硅树脂(硅树脂在一段时间之后会失效并需要更换)就能防止水进入到板(1a,1b)的后面。
参考图8,两个相邻的板(1a和1b)通过经由螺纹件(分别是29a和29b)固定至腔支撑板条(28a和28b)定位在两个相邻的墙壁构架构件(分别是27a和27b)上。腔支撑板条(28a和28b)抵靠外板件(29a和29b)。在相邻的板(1a和1b)之间形成的间隙以与参照图7中描述的方式类似的方式由135°的外盖连接器(30)覆盖。
复合覆盖板与建筑物的内拐角的附接
参考图9,90°的内拐角连接器条(31)通过经由螺纹件(分别是34a和34b)固定至30mm的腔板条(分别是33a和33b)而将相邻的板(1a和1b)相对于垂直的墙壁构架构件(分别是32a和32b)定位。腔板条(33a和33b)抵靠外板件(分别是35a和35b)。内拐角连接器(31)经由螺纹件(分别是34a和34b)附接至腔板条(33a和33b)。这样,90°的内拐角连接器(31)与板(1a和1b)的外边缘交叠,从而密封它们之间形成的间隙,无需使用硅树脂就能防止水进入到板(1a,1b)的后面。
参考图10,相邻的板(1a和1b)通过经由螺纹件(分别是38a和38b)固定至腔支撑板条(37a和37b)而定位在两个墙壁构架构件(分别是36a和36b)上。腔支撑板条抵靠外板件(分别是39a和39b)。135°的内拐角连接器(40)以与参照图9描述的方式相同的方式覆盖形成在相邻的板(1a和1b)之间的间隙。
复合覆盖板与建筑物的窗台的附接
参考图11,复合覆盖板(1)的顶边缘(600)经由突伸部(44)相对于窗台(41)、窗架(42)和窗(43)设置并定位。板(1)的内侧表面由30mm的腔板条(45)支撑。突伸部(44)经由螺纹件(46)支撑在窗台(41)上。突伸部(44)还提供屏障以防止水从窗架(42)与窗台(41)之间进入。
窗台(41)经由支撑部48相对于建筑物构架(47)定位。窗架(42)经由支撑部49相对于窗台(41)定位。
复合覆盖板与建筑物的窗边框的附接
参考图12,复合覆盖板(1)的侧边缘(700)通过经由螺纹件(未示出)固定至30mm的腔板条(53)而相对于窗(50)、窗边框(51)和铝架(52)设置并定位。邻近窗架(52)的板(1)的边缘通过构架唇缘(52a)和密封件(54)来定位。
板条(53)支撑在壁板件(55)上。窗边框(51)经由支撑部(57)相对于建筑物构架(56)定位。
复合覆盖板与窗楣的附接
参考图13,板(1)通过经由螺纹件(62)固定至30mm的腔板条(61)而相对于窗楣(58)、窗架(59)和窗(60)定位。此外,板(1)的底边缘(800)经由压顶线脚(capping mould)(63)来定位,压顶线脚经由螺纹件(62)固定至腔板条(61)。窗架(59)经由沟槽(59a)支撑在窗楣(58)上。窗架(59)与壁板件(64)之间的间隙用防水板(65)针对天气进行密封,腔板条(61)抵靠在所述壁板件上。
以上相对于图12(窗边框)和图13(窗楣)的描述也可适用于门边框或门楣。
优点
本发明提供了明显优于现有技术的优点,包括:
-改进了建造建筑物时的易用性;
-改进了用本发明的建筑系统建造的建筑物的维修保养;以及
-改进了美学外观,在外表面上看不到螺纹。
替代方式
广义而言,本发明也可包含在本申请的说明书中提到或指出的部件、元件和特征中,单独地或共同地包含在所述部件、元件或特征的两个或更多个的任意组合或所有组合中。
在前述说明中已经参考了具有已知的等同物的整体和部件,这些整体就像单独描述一样结合在本文中。
应指出的是,本文目前描述的优选实施方式的各种改变和修改对于本领域的技术人员来说将是显而易见的。可在不背离本发明的精神和范围且不减少本发明的相关优点的前提下进行这种改变和修改。因此,这种改变和修改旨在包含于本发明内。
除非上下文明确地另外要求,否则说明书和权利要求书中的词语“包括(comprise)”、“包含(comprising)”等将解释为包容性的,而不是解释为排他性或唯一性的,也就是说,解释为“包括但不限于”。
仅通过实例已经描述了本发明的各个方面,应理解的是,在不背离如所附权利要求中限定的范围的前提下,可对本发明进行修改和添加。
Claims (17)
1.一种复合覆盖板建筑系统,所述复合覆盖板建筑系统包括:
·复合覆盖板,所述复合覆盖板包括:
ο由防水材料制成的外层;和
ο由隔热材料制成的内层;以及
·至少一个支撑突伸部,所述支撑突伸部构造成经由至少一个固定表面固定至支撑结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合覆盖板建筑系统,其中,所述内层由闭孔泡沫制成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的复合覆盖板建筑系统,其中,所述闭孔泡沫是挤塑式聚苯乙烯泡沫。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的复合覆盖板建筑系统,其中,所述外层是金属板。
5.根据权利要求4所述的复合覆盖板建筑系统,其中,所述金属板是铝的。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的复合覆盖板建筑系统,其中,所述外层的厚度在1mm至4mm的范围内。
7.根据权利要求6所述的复合覆盖板建筑系统,其中,所述外层的厚度是3mm。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的复合覆盖板建筑系统,其中,所述外层经由双面胶固定至所述内层。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的复合覆盖板建筑系统,其中,拐角连接件选自以下连接件构成的组:90°的内拐角连接件;135°的内拐角连接件;90°的外拐角连接件;以及135°的外拐角连接件。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的复合覆盖板建筑系统,其中,所述复合覆盖板系统还包括至少一个拱腹突伸部,所述拱腹突伸部构造为相对于建筑物顶的拱腹来定位所述复合覆盖板的顶边缘。
11.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的复合覆盖板建筑系统,其中,所述复合覆盖板系统还包括至少一个基底突伸部,所述基底突伸部构造为相对于建筑物的基底表面来定位所述复合覆盖板的底边缘。
12.根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的复合覆盖板建筑系统,其中,所述复合覆盖板系统还包括至少一个窗台突伸部,所述窗台突伸部构造为相对于建筑物顶的窗台来定位所述复合覆盖板的顶边缘。
13.根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的复合覆盖板建筑系统,其中,所述复合覆盖板系统还包括至少一个楣部突伸部,所述楣部突伸部构造为相对于建筑物的窗楣或门楣来定位所述复合覆盖板的下边缘。
14.一种用于制造用于复合覆盖板系统的复合覆盖板的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
a.将由防水材料制成的外层按压到由隔热材料制成的内层的一侧上。
15.根据权利要求14所述的用于制造用于复合覆盖板系统的复合覆盖板的方法,其中,所述方法还包括以下步骤:
b.用双面胶将所述外层固定至所述内层
16.根据权利要求14所述的用于制造用于复合覆盖板系统的复合覆盖板的方法,其中,所述方法还包括以下步骤:
b.将所述外层真空密封至所述内层。
17.用于覆盖建筑物的外部的一套部件,所述一套部件包括:
·复合覆盖板,所述复合覆盖板包括:
ο由防水材料制成的外层;和
ο由隔热材料制成的内层;
·至少一个支撑突伸部,所述支撑突伸部构造成经由至少一个固定表面固定至支撑结构。
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- 2013-12-11 AU AU2013364565A patent/AU2013364565B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2013-12-11 WO PCT/NZ2013/000227 patent/WO2014098615A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-12-11 EP EP13864498.4A patent/EP2935714A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-12-11 US US14/651,759 patent/US9683373B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-12-11 CN CN201380065669.2A patent/CN104937185B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-12-11 CA CA2894861A patent/CA2894861A1/en not_active Abandoned
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TWI719408B (zh) * | 2018-02-28 | 2021-02-21 | 紐西蘭商金家控股有限公司 | 用於一建築物之一牆之外被覆系統及用一或多個嵌板被覆一建築物之一牆之方法 |
CN108755988A (zh) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-06 | 李凤东 | 一种免拆模板夹心保温系统的外部保护层连接件 |
CN115516180A (zh) * | 2020-03-30 | 2022-12-23 | Nexii建筑解决方案股份有限公司 | 用于粘附包覆物的系统和方法 |
CN117905222A (zh) * | 2024-03-04 | 2024-04-19 | 山东省建筑设计研究院有限公司 | 轻质复合内隔墙条板及其制作方法和安装工艺 |
Also Published As
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US20150308125A1 (en) | 2015-10-29 |
AU2013364565B2 (en) | 2017-12-14 |
EP2935714A4 (en) | 2016-10-05 |
JP2016504507A (ja) | 2016-02-12 |
WO2014098615A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
AU2013364565A2 (en) | 2015-07-09 |
CN104937185B (zh) | 2017-03-08 |
US9683373B2 (en) | 2017-06-20 |
CA2894861A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
EP2935714A1 (en) | 2015-10-28 |
HK1215462A1 (zh) | 2016-08-26 |
AU2013364565A1 (en) | 2015-06-11 |
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