CN104935336B - Silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beam can moving grid phase-locked loop circuit - Google Patents

Silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beam can moving grid phase-locked loop circuit Download PDF

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CN104935336B
CN104935336B CN201510379710.4A CN201510379710A CN104935336B CN 104935336 B CN104935336 B CN 104935336B CN 201510379710 A CN201510379710 A CN 201510379710A CN 104935336 B CN104935336 B CN 104935336B
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mosfet
cantilever beam
moving grid
grid
signal
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CN104935336A (en
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廖小平
韩居正
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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Abstract

The movable gate MOSFET phase-locked loop circuit of silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beam of the present invention is by silicon substrate, the enhanced MOSFET of N-type, external low pass filter, voltage controlled oscillator, and high frequency choke coil is constituted, with reduction power consumption, and volume is smaller, the advantages of realizing multi-functional.MOSFET grid is two cantilever beams being suspended on gate oxide, as the input of reference signal and feedback signal, and by direct current biasing control, actuation voltage is designed as MOSFET threshold voltage.Two cantilever beams can moving grid suspend when not contacted with gate oxide, MOSFET cut-offs, gate capacitance is less than conventional MOS FET, can reduce grid leakage current, reduces power consumption.Two cantilever beams can moving grid pull down when being contacted with gate oxide, MOSFET is turned on, reference signal is multiplied with feedback signal by MOSFET, phase information of the drain electrode output containing two signals, by external low pass filter, voltage controlled oscillator circulation until PGC demodulation.

Description

Silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beam can moving grid phase-locked loop circuit
Technical field
The present invention proposes the movable gate MOSFET of silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beam, and (metal oxide semiconductor field-effect is brilliant Body pipe) phase-locked loop circuit, belong to the technical field of microelectromechanical systems.
Background technology
Phaselocked loop is a kind of loop of locking phase.It uses feedback control principle, utilizes the reference signal of outside input The frequency and phase of control loop internal oscillation signal, realize output signal frequency to reference signal frequency from motion tracking, directly Consistent, the constant phase difference to both frequencies.Phase-locked loop circuit is to make a kind of relatively stable method of frequency, one during radio is launched As be used for Closed loop track circuit.MOSFET appearance in phase-locked loop circuit, can inevitably introduce the grid leakage of cut-off state Electric current, so as to increase power consumption.With the development of microelectric technique, modern communicationses, radar system require that phase-locked loop circuit has letter Single structure, small volume and small power consumption, these factors all limit the development of phase-locked loop circuit.
Micro mechanical system has small volume, a low in energy consumption, low cost and other advantages, cantilever beam can moving grid structure development also increasingly It is ripe.The purpose of the present invention will exactly propose a kind of reality of the movable gate MOSFET phase-locked loop circuit of silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beam Existing method.
The content of the invention
Technical problem:It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of movable gate MOSFET phaselocked loop of silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beam Circuit, using grid of the cantilever beam as MOSFET, reduces the grid leakage current of MOSFET cut-off states in phase-locked loop circuit, drop Low-power consumption, simplifies circuit structure, volume miniaturization.Phase is realized simultaneously also by the control to cantilever beam movable grid Locking and other functions.
Technical scheme:In order to solve the above technical problems, a kind of silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beam of the present invention can moving grid lock Phase loop circuit MOSFET is the enhanced MOSFET of N-type, and on a silicon substrate, MOSFET includes source electrode for growth, drains, gate oxide, Anchor area, cantilever beam can moving grid, drop-down pole plate, insulating barrier, through hole, lead, source ground;
MOSFET using two suspension cantilever beams can moving grid as grid, anchor area is arranged on gate oxide both sides, cantilever Beam can one end of moving grid be fixed in anchor area, the other end sets drop-down pole on a silicon substrate across being suspended on gate oxide Plate is located at cantilever beam can be below moving grid end, and drop-down pole plate ground connection, insulating barrier is covered on drop-down pole plate, and direct current biasing passes through High frequency choke coil and anchor area act on cantilever beam can on moving grid, cantilever beam can the actuation voltage of moving grid be set to MOSFET threshold value Voltage;Lead connects source electrode respectively by through hole, drain electrode;,
MOSFET drain electrode outputs have two kinds of different working methods, and one kind is selection first port access low pass filter, Low pass filter output access voltage controlled oscillator, the 3rd port of voltage controlled oscillator output selection is added as feedback signal by anchor area Being downloaded to a cantilever beam can be on moving grid, and with MOSFET formation backfeed loops, reference signal is loaded into another cantilever by anchor area Beam can be on moving grid, and another working method of MOSFET drain electrode outputs is that selection second port directly exports amplified signal.
In the phase-locked loop circuit, when direct current biasing is less than actuation voltage, two cantilever beams can moving grid be suspended in gate oxidation When on layer, MOSFET cut-offs, gate capacitance is smaller, can effectively reduce grid leakage current, reduces power consumption;
When direct current biasing reaches or surpasses actuation voltage, two cantilever beams can moving grid pull down when being contacted with gate oxide, MOSFET is turned on, and reference signal is multiplied with feedback signal through MOSFET, and drain electrode output includes the phase information of two signals, selection First port accesses low pass filter, and low pass filter exports the DC voltage relevant with phase difference, accessed as control signal Voltage controlled oscillator, the output frequency of voltage controlled oscillator is conditioned, and being loaded into cantilever beam as feedback signal can be on moving grid, by ring The feedback cycle on road, final feedback signal and reference signal frequency are equal, constant phase difference, realize locking, the signal after locking Exported by the port of voltage controlled oscillator the 4th;
When only one of which cantilever beam can moving grid drop-down when, the cantilever beam being pulled down can moving grid raceway groove formed below, not by under It can be high resistance area below moving grid to draw cantilever beam, and the structure that raceway groove is connected with high resistance area plays a part of improving breakdown reverse voltage, The cantilever beam being only pulled down can be on moving grid gating signal can select defeated by second port by MOSFET enhanced processings Go out amplified signal, when only loading reference signal cantilever beam can moving grid be pulled down when, second port output frequency be with reference to believe Number frequency frefAmplified signal, when only loading feedback signal cantilever beam can moving grid be pulled down when, the frequency of feedback signal is The output frequency f of voltage controlled oscillator0, second port output frequency is f0Amplified signal.
Beneficial effect:Compared with existing phase-locked loop circuit, this new silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beam can moving grid As grid, the de- of grid and gate oxide is realized in MOSFET cut-off states using two cantilever beams for MOSFET phase-locked loop circuits From can reduce circuit leakage current, reduce power consumption;In addition, cantilever beam can moving grid structure to facilitate circuit controllable, can not only lead to Cross two cantilever beams of drop-down can moving grid connect realize PGC demodulation under the circulation feedback of circuit outside, and can be single by pulling down Cantilever beam can independent amplification of the moving grid to gating signal;The use of the movable gate technique of cantilever beam, also to simplify the structure, volume Miniaturization.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the top view of the movable gate MOSFET phase-locked loop circuit of silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beam of the present invention.
Fig. 2 for the movable gate MOSFET phase-locked loop circuit of Fig. 1 silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beams A-A ' to profile.
Fig. 3 for the movable gate MOSFET phase-locked loop circuit of Fig. 1 silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beams B-B ' to profile.
Fig. 4 is that movable two cantilever beams of gate MOSFET of Fig. 1 silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beams can the raceway groove that pulls down of moving grid Schematic diagram
Fig. 5 be the single cantilever beam of Fig. 1 movable gate MOSFETs of silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beam can moving grid drop-down raceway groove show It is intended to.
Have in figure:Silicon substrate 1, source electrode 2, drain electrode 3, gate oxide 4, anchor area 5, cantilever beam can moving grid 6, pull down pole plate 7, absolutely Edge layer 8, through hole 9, lead 10, first port 11, second port 12, the 3rd port 13, the 4th port 14.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of movable gate MOSFET phase-locked loop circuit of silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beam.Including silicon lining Bottom, the enhanced MOSFET of N-type, and external low pass filter, voltage controlled oscillator, high frequency choke coil;MOSFET is grown in silicon On substrate, including source electrode, drain electrode, gate oxide, two cantilever beams can moving grid, anchor area, drop-down pole plate, insulating barriers.MOSFET's Grid is across being suspended in two cantilever beams on gate oxide.Anchor area is arranged on gate oxide side, and cantilever beam can moving grid By anchor area on gate oxide;Drop-down pole plate be arranged on cantilever beam can moving grid end below;Insulating barrier is covered in down Draw on pole plate.
Reference signal and feedback signal in phase-locked loop circuit are loaded into two cantilever beams by anchor area respectively can be on moving grid. Direct current biasing acts on cantilever beam by high frequency choke coil and anchor area can be on moving grid, drop-down pole plate ground connection.
The actuation voltage of cantilever beam is designed as MOSFET threshold voltage.If direct current biasing is less than actuation voltage, two hang Arm beam can moving grid when being suspended on gate oxide, MOSFET can not be turned on, because grid is disengaged with gate oxide, grid Electric capacity is smaller, can effectively reduce leakage current, reduces power consumption.
When direct current biasing reaches or surpasses actuation voltage, two cantilever beams can moving grid by direct current biasing realize drop-down with When gate oxide is contacted, MOSFET conductings, reference signal is multiplied with feedback signal through MOSFET, and drain electrode output contains two signals Between phase information.Under the circulation feedback effect of low pass filter and voltage controlled oscillator, locking is completed.
When only one of which cantilever beam can moving grid drop-down contacted with gate oxide when, this cantilever beam can moving grid ditch formed below Road, another cantilever beam not being pulled down can be high resistance area below moving grid, can increase MOSFET breakdown reverse voltage.This When, only pulling down gating signal that cantilever beam can be on moving grid can be for transmission on MOSFET, passing through MOSFET amplification outputs.So as to By to a cantilever beam can moving grid independent drop-down, realize amplification to individual signals, expand the application of circuit.
The movable gate MOSFET phase-locked loop circuit of silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beam of the present invention includes silicon substrate 1, is arranged on The enhanced MOSFET of N-type on silicon substrate, external low pass filter, voltage controlled oscillator, high frequency choke coil.
MOSFET include source electrode 2, drain electrode 3, gate oxide 4, anchor area 5, cantilever beam can moving grid 6, pull down pole plate 7, insulating barrier 8, through hole 9, lead 10.Wherein, source electrode 2 is grounded, MOSFET grid be across and be suspended in two on gate oxide hang Arm beam can moving grid 6, source electrode 2 and drain electrode 3 be oppositely arranged, and gate oxide 4 is connected between source and drain, and anchor area 5 is arranged on gate oxide 4 Side, cantilever beam can moving grid 6 by anchor area 5 on gate oxide 4, drop-down pole plate 7 is arranged on cantilever beam can the end of moving grid 6 End lower section, insulating barrier 8 is covered on drop-down pole plate 7.
The output of drain electrode 3 has two kinds of connected modes, a kind of to access low pass filter, low pass filter output through first port 11 Voltage controlled oscillator is accessed, voltage controlled oscillator output accesses a cantilever beam as feedback signal by anchor area 5 can moving grid 6, reference Signal is loaded into another cantilever beam by anchor area 5 can be on moving grid 6.Another connected mode of the output of drain electrode 3 is selection second Port 12 directly exports amplified signal.
Direct current biasing acts on cantilever beam by high frequency choke coil and anchor area 5 can be on moving grid 6, and drop-down pole plate 7 is grounded.Cantilever Beam can the actuation voltage of moving grid 6 be designed as MOSFET threshold voltage.
When direct current biasing is less than actuation voltage, two cantilever beams can moving grid 6 be in suspended state and do not connect with gate oxide 4 When touching, MOSFET cut-offs.Due to cantilever beam can moving grid 6 disengaged with gate oxide 4, gate capacitance is smaller, can effectively subtract The generation of small leakage current, reduces circuit power consumption.
When direct current biasing reaches or more than actuation voltage, two cantilever beams can moving grid 6 pull down and contacted with gate oxide 4 When, conduct electrons raceway groove is produced between source electrode 2 and drain electrode 3, as shown in figure 4, MOSFET is turned on.Reference signal and feedback signal are logical Cross MOSFET and realize multiplication, the output of drain electrode 3 contains the phase information between two signals, the output selection first port of drain electrode 3 11 inputs are filtered to low pass filter, and HFS is filtered out, and output includes the relevant DC voltage of phase information.Directly Stream voltage can be expressed as:
UL=K cos ((ωrefback)t+φ) (1)
Wherein K is MOSFET gain coefficients, ωrefOn the basis of signal angular frequency, ωbackFor feedback signal angular frequency, φ is Proper phase is poor.DC voltage adjusts the output frequency of voltage controlled oscillator as control signal.Voltage controlled oscillator after regulation is defeated Go out frequencies omegaoIt can be expressed by following formula:
Voltage controlled oscillator output is loaded into cantilever beam as feedback signal can be on moving grid 6, until final feedback signal and ginseng The frequency for examining signal is consistent, constant phase difference:
ωbackoref (3)
Phase-locked loop circuit completes locking, and voltage controlled oscillator output signal frequency is consistent with reference signal.
When only one of which cantilever beam can moving grid 6 be pulled down and contacted with gate oxide 4, another cantilever beam can moving grid 6 be in During suspended state.The cantilever beam being pulled down can the raceway groove formed below of moving grid 6, the cantilever beam not being pulled down can moving grid 6 it is formed below High resistance area, as shown in figure 5, the structure that raceway groove is connected with high resistance area can effectively improve the breakdown reverse voltage of device.Now, The cantilever beam being only pulled down can be on moving grid 6 signal can be amplified by MOSFET, amplified signal is exported through second port 12. When only loading reference signal cantilever beam can moving grid 6 be pulled down when, the output frequency of second port 12 be reference signal frequency fref Amplified signal, when only loading feedback signal cantilever beam can moving grid 6 be pulled down when, the frequency of feedback signal is VCO The output frequency f of deviceo, the output frequency of second port 12 is foAmplified signal.Circuit has multi-functional.
The preparation method of the low-leakage current frequency divider based on the movable gate MOSFET of silicon substrate cantilever beam of the present invention is as follows:
1) p-type Si substrates are prepared;
2) bottom oxide growth
3) deposited silicon nitride;
4) photoetching, etch silicon nitride formation MOSFET source and drain electrode;
5) field is aoxidized;
6) silicon nitride and basal oxygen sheet are removed;
7) progress gate oxidation, adjusting threshold voltage, it is enhanced to make MOSFET;
8) deposit polycrystalline silicon, and photoetching, retain the polysilicon of the anchor zone position of cantilever beam;
9) plating evaporation growth Al;
10) photoresist is coated, retains the photoresist above drop-down pole plate;
11) Al is anti-carved, drop-down pole plate is formed;
12) deposition insulating layer, the Si that 0.1 μm of epitaxial growthxN1-xInsulating barrier;
13) photoetching window, etches away unnecessary SixN1-x
14) photoresist is coated, retains the insulating barrier of drop-down pole plate;
15) reactive ion etching is utilized, the silicon nitride medium layer formed on drop-down pole plate;
16) PMGI sacrifice layers are formed by spin coating mode, then photoetching sacrifice layer, only retaining cantilever beam can the lower section of moving grid 5 Sacrifice layer;
17) plating evaporation growth Al;
18) photoresist is coated, retains the photoresist above cantilever beam;
19) Al is anti-carved, forming cantilever beam can moving grid;
20) photoresist is coated, photoetching hand-hole injects N+ phosphonium ions, forms MOSFET source and drain electrode;
21) through hole and lead are made, photoresist is coated, the photoresist of source-drain electrode contact zone is removed, gold germanium is evaporated in vacuo Ni au, is peeled off, alloying formation Ohmic contact;
22) PMGI sacrifice layers are discharged, the cantilever beam suspended is formed;
23) MOSFET of preparation is connected with external circuit, constitutes phase-locked loop circuit.
Difference with the prior art of the present invention is:
The movable gate MOSFET phase-locked loop circuit of silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beam of the present invention is using two cantilever beam structures As MOSFET grid, control the drop-down or suspension of cantilever beam by direct current biasing, cantilever beam can moving grid actuation voltage MSOFET threshold voltage is designed as, so as to control MOSFET conducting and cut-off.In cut-off state MOSFET two grids Disengaged with gate oxide, the generation of leakage current can be reduced.Two cantilever beams can moving grid pull down and contacted with gate oxide When, reference signal is passed through realization on MOSFET with feedback signal and is multiplied, in low pass filter, the ringing of voltage controlled oscillator Under, it is final to realize lock phase.Moreover it is possible to the amplification of individual signals be realized by pulling down single cantilever beam, while increase is reversely hit Wear voltage.The use of micro mechanical technology so that circuit power consumption is reduced, and simple in construction, volume diminishes.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beam can moving grid phase-locked loop circuit, it is characterised in that phase-locked loop circuit MOSFET is The enhanced MOSFET of N-type, is grown on silicon substrate (1), and MOSFET includes source electrode (2), drains (3), gate oxide (4), anchor area (5), cantilever beam can moving grid (6), drop-down pole plate (7), insulating barrier (8), through hole (9), lead (10), source electrode (2) ground connection;
MOSFET using two suspension cantilever beams can moving grid (6) as grid, anchor area (5) are arranged on gate oxide (4) both sides, Cantilever beam can one end of moving grid (6) be fixed in anchor area (5), the other end is arranged on silicon lining across being suspended on gate oxide (4) Drop-down pole plate (7) on bottom (1) is located at cantilever beam can moving grid (6) end lower section, drop-down pole plate (7) ground connection, insulating barrier (8) covering On drop-down pole plate (7), direct current biasing acts on cantilever beam by high frequency choke coil and anchor area (5) can be on moving grid (6), cantilever Beam can the actuation voltage of moving grid (6) be set to MOSFET threshold voltage;Lead (10) connects source electrode (2) respectively by through hole (9), Drain (3);
MOSFET drain electrodes (3) output has two kinds of different working methods, and one kind is selection first port (11) access LPF Device, low pass filter output access voltage controlled oscillator, voltage controlled oscillator output the 3rd port (13) of selection is logical as feedback signal Guo Mao areas (5) are loaded into a cantilever beam can be on moving grid (6), and with MOSFET formation backfeed loops, reference signal passes through anchor area (5) Being loaded into another cantilever beam can be on moving grid (6), and another working method of MOSFET drain electrodes (3) output is selection second port (12) amplified signal is directly exported;
Can be in moving grid phase-locked loop circuit, when direct current biasing is less than actuation voltage, two cantilevers in silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beam Beam can moving grid (6) when being suspended on gate oxide (4), MOSFET cut-offs, gate capacitance is smaller, can effectively reduce grid Leakage current, reduces power consumption;
When direct current biasing reaches or surpasses actuation voltage, two cantilever beams can moving grid (6) pull down and contacted with gate oxide (4) When, MOSFET conductings, reference signal is multiplied with feedback signal through MOSFET, and phase difference of drain electrode (3) output comprising two signals is believed Breath, selection first port (11) access low pass filter, low pass filter exports the DC voltage relevant with phase difference, is used as control Signal processed accesses voltage controlled oscillator, and the output frequency of voltage controlled oscillator is conditioned, and it is movable to be loaded into cantilever beam as feedback signal On grid (6), by the feedback cycle of loop, final feedback signal and reference signal frequency are equal, constant phase difference, realize lock Fixed, the signal after locking is exported by the port (14) of voltage controlled oscillator the 4th;
When only one of which cantilever beam can moving grid (6) drop-down when, the cantilever beam being pulled down can moving grid (6) raceway groove formed below, not by It can be high resistance area below moving grid (6) to pull down cantilever beam, and the structure that raceway groove is connected with high resistance area, which is played, improves breakdown reverse voltage Effect, the gating signal that the cantilever beam being only pulled down can be on moving grid (6) can be selected by the by MOSFET enhanced processings Two-port netwerk (12) export amplified signal, when only loading reference signal cantilever beam can moving grid (6) be pulled down when, second port (12) output frequency is reference signal frequency frefAmplified signal, when only loading feedback signal cantilever beam can moving grid (6) quilt During drop-down, the frequency of feedback signal is the output frequency f of voltage controlled oscillator0, second port (12) output frequency is f0Amplification letter Number.
CN201510379710.4A 2015-07-01 2015-07-01 Silicon substrate low-leakage current double cantilever beam can moving grid phase-locked loop circuit Expired - Fee Related CN104935336B (en)

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