CN104931290A - Detachable dual-purpose sampler for shallow sediment and soil and sampling method for detachable dual-purpose sampler - Google Patents
Detachable dual-purpose sampler for shallow sediment and soil and sampling method for detachable dual-purpose sampler Download PDFInfo
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- CN104931290A CN104931290A CN201510318065.5A CN201510318065A CN104931290A CN 104931290 A CN104931290 A CN 104931290A CN 201510318065 A CN201510318065 A CN 201510318065A CN 104931290 A CN104931290 A CN 104931290A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detachable dual-purpose sampler for shallow sediment and soil and a sampling method for the detachable dual-purpose sampler. The sampler mainly comprises a T-shaped drill rod, a grab handle and a T-shaped drill barrel; a sampling device such as a grab bucket, a slicing drill bit and a bulldozing plate is also included; a shallow water or riverside silt sampling device comprises the grab bucket, the T-shaped drill rod, the grab handle and the T-shaped drill barrel; a soil sampler comprises the drill rod, the grab handle, the drill barrel, the slicing drill bit and the bulldozing plate; the slicing drill bit takes the shape of a slice, and is provided with sawteeth, so that the purposes of convenience and labor conservation are achieved; the T-shaped drill barrel and the grab handle are integrated, and a clamping groove is formed in the T-shaped connection part, so that in sampling, the T-shaped drill rod is conveniently fixed. The detachable dual-purpose sampler has a simple structure, combines a soil sampler and a sediment sampler, overcomes the defect of inconsistence of the sampling structures the soil sampler and the river shallow sediment sampler, and is convenient and simple to use, small in soil disturbance range, and easy to carry.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environment supervision instrument field, be specifically related to a kind of shallow-layer bed mud and the detachable sampling thief of soil and method thereof.
Background technology
The circulation Transport of pollutant is the important way that research environment pollutes.Pollutant in the middle of air can enter water body, river course by the mode such as precipitation, sedimentation, and the pollutant in terrestrial soil can flow into neighbouring river course by underground water, is a kind of pollution channel that riverbed upper layer of soil pollutes.Bed mud refers to the water body deposit of river bank shallow-layer, when investigating the Inland waterbody bed mud situations such as lake, river, reservoir and harbour, and investigate thoroughly migration situation and the pollutant accumulation change procedure of pollutant in bed mud, grasp mercury situation, need to gather sediments sample.The sampling of sediments generally uses gripping-type sampling thief, drawing-in type sampling thief, drills through formula sampling thief.Drawing-in type sampling thief, is only suitable for the sample in the softer district of bed mud, and device complicated, easily damage; Gripping-type sampling thief sinks to certain depth by self gravitation, and device is relatively heavier, not portable; The formula sampling thief of drilling through is used for gathering deep layer bed mud, and device parts are more.
In the field such as pedology, ecology, need to obtain different depth and keep the soil sample of the particular/special requirements such as pedotheque original state for studying physicochemical character, pollution situation, the soil constituent of soil, and soil nutrient is on vegeto-animal impact.Existing earth boring auger has direct press type, spiral and hammering adding pressure type.The earth boring auger structure of direct press type is simple, but has difficulties to the soil sampling that quality is harder; The mode that spiral earth boring auger adopts vertical compression to rotate, but during sampling earth boring auger easily produce depart from, the problem of soil sampling inconvenience; Hammering adding pressure type earth boring auger is by external force hammering, but soil can be caused in use to shake, spoiled soil structure, and sampling thief not easily takes out, more not portable.As application number be CN201220226761.5 patent discloses a kind of soil sampler, include main handle, master connecting-rod, sampling shovel, sampling shovel is tubulose, this is also a kind of form that soil sampler is conventional, but this sampling thief adopts the mode of vertical voltage stabilizing to make sampling thief enter the soil body, but be only applicable to the little situation of soil resistance; Application number is that the one that patent discloses of CN200920281918.2 directly pushes away existing modus ponens soil sampler, is made up of cutting ring and the holder of " work " shape cutting ring, and this sampling thief also exists the difficult problem of same stiff soil sampling.And application number is the problem of patent for sampling effort of CN201410275125.5, propose a kind of internal combustion circular vibration just reassembling type soil sampler and method thereof, it is characterized in that sampling thief upper end engine drives the central shaft of main shaft portion to rotate together with the eccentric block installed on center shaft by shaft coupling, thus make sampling thief produce vibration, drill bit enters soil, and this patent can greatly reduce the effort of sampling.But apparatus cost is higher and build is comparatively large, not portable.And in pedology research process, researchist is in the process of research contaminant transportation, pollution level, terrestrial soil can be gathered, also need to gather riverway sludge simultaneously, and existing sampling apparatus is all relatively independent, not collection in conjunction with land soil sample and river bottom mud does not require the easy device of feature.Therefore, design a kind of instrument simultaneously with soil and substrate sludge sampling function and there is very urgent demand.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve problems of the prior art, and a kind of detachable shallow-layer bed mud and the dual-purpose sampling thief of soil and method thereof are provided.
Detachable shallow-layer bed mud of the present invention and the dual-purpose sampling thief of soil comprise apparatus main body and detachable sampling structure, apparatus main body comprises T-shaped drilling pipe, T-shaped drilling rod, T-shaped drilling rod is nested in T-shaped drilling pipe, and T-shaped drilling pipe top is provided with lever, and T-shaped drilling pipe is all stretched out in T-shaped drilling rod top and bottom; Detachable sampling structure comprises soil sampling structure and substrate sludge sampling structure, and soil sampling structure comprises section drill bit and soil-shifting sheet, and soil-shifting sheet is arranged in section drill bit, for soil cylinder is released section drill bit; Substrate sludge sampling structure comprises grab bucket and spring, and grabbing bucket is made up of left and right two and half grab bucket; The junction of apparatus main body and detachable sampling structure is equipped with the syndeton cooperatively interacted.
Be further used as improvement of the present invention, soil-shifting sheet is provided with cake, and cake xsect is parallel with section drill bit xsect, and cake external diameter is less than section drill bit internal diameter 0 ~ 0.5cm.
Be further used as improvement of the present invention, be provided with draw-in groove in the middle part of lever, T-shaped drilling rod is provided with the projection agreed with draw-in groove, be may be stuck on draw-in groove by projection when getting bed mud, thus the position of fixing T-shaped drilling rod; When the position that projection is arranged on T-shaped drilling rod may be stuck in draw-in groove with projection, grab bucket can tight closure be as the criterion.
Be further used as improvement of the present invention, left and right two and half grab bucket of grab bucket is provided with water seepage hole, and half grab bucket bottom is provided with the sawtooth that can mutually be engaged.
Be further used as improvement of the present invention, described syndeton be respectively and be arranged at screw thread bottom T-shaped drilling rod, be arranged at soil-shifting sheet matches with the screw thread bottom T-shaped drilling rod screw, be arranged at match with the screw thread bottom T-shaped drilling rod at top of grabbing bucket screw, be arranged at the screw thread bottom T-shaped drilling pipe and be arranged at the screw that drill bit of cutting into slices matches with the screw thread bottom T-shaped drilling pipe.
Be further used as improvement of the present invention, the waveform radian meeting ergonomics is arranged at lever bottom.
Be further used as improvement of the present invention, T-shaped drilling pipe outer wall be carved with the scale of 30 ~ 100cm, section drill bit outer wall is carved with 0 ~ 20cm scale, and both connect rear long 1m, can determine length and the degree of depth of fetched earth block.
Be further used as improvement of the present invention, bottom section drill bit, be provided with cutting ring blade.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of method of sampling using described sampling thief, comprises the method for sampling and the soil sampling method of shallow water or river bottom mud;
Described shallow water or the river bottom mud method of sampling are specially: by the sampling apparatus of grab bucket, T-shaped drilling rod, a kind of shallow water that T-shaped drilling pipe forms or river bottom mud, to grab bucket submerged, and make grab bucket keep opening in lower water process by the elastic force of spring, when predetermined depth in bed mud is sunk in grab bucket, upwards stretch T-shaped drilling rod, grab bucket both sides are subject to the pressure of T-shaped drilling pipe and shrink, and grab bucket is closed; T-shaped drilling rod is rotated to an angle, projection is stuck on the draw-in groove of T-shaped drilling pipe, thus keep grab bucket closure state, fetch sampling thief, then turning T-type drilling rod, grab bucket is opened, and takes out mud in grab bucket;
Described soil sampling method is specially: be assembled into a kind of soil sampler by T-shaped drilling rod, T-shaped drilling pipe, section drill bit, soil-shifting sheet, section drill bit is placed in soil surface, pressing T-shaped drilling pipe by lever makes section drill bit enter soil, the soil depth entering section drill bit is determined by the scale in T-shaped drilling pipe and section drill bit outer wall, when reaching default soil depth, promote T-shaped drilling pipe, take out section drill bit, and promote T-shaped drilling rod, make soil cylinder skid off section drill bit along with moving of soil-shifting sheet.
Described shallow water or the sampling apparatus of river bottom mud can be changed by changing the sampling structure be connected with T-shaped drilling rod, T-shaped drilling pipe with soil sampler.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is the defect solving soil sampling, river shallow-layer substrate sludge sampling device differs, the sampling apparatus of traditional shallow water or river bottom mud and soil sampler are organically combined, make to carry out in the observation process of substrate sludge sampling and soil sampling at the same time, greatly reduce the sampling apparatus quantity and volume that need to carry, and by the sampling apparatus of road bed mud and soil sampler are combined, make same instrument can be used in two kinds of sample collection processes, save the cost bought needed for instrument.The present invention integrates terrestrial soil sampling, Sediments sampling functions, is applicable to the Transport And Transformation process of research pollutant in the middle of air, soil, this circulation system of water body, convenient collection terrestrial soil and Sediments; And in gatherer process can soil protection structure, keep fetching earth the degree of depth, device is simple, carrying portable, all uses stainless steel to make, not fragile.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the apparatus main body structural drawing of shallow-layer bed mud and the detachable sampling thief of soil;
Fig. 2 is shallow layer sediment sampler schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is soil sampler schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is grab bucket schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is soil-shifting sheet schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is section drill bit schematic diagram of the present invention;
In figure: lever 1, T-shaped drilling rod 2, projection 3, draw-in groove 4, T-shaped drilling pipe 5, section drill bit 6, soil-shifting sheet 7, grab bucket 8, spring 9, syndeton 10, water seepage hole 11, half grab bucket 12, sawtooth 13, cake 14, cutting ring blade 15.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described further
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ 3, detachable shallow-layer bed mud of the present invention and the dual-purpose sampling thief of soil comprise apparatus main body and detachable sampling structure.As shown in Figure 1, apparatus main body comprises T-shaped drilling pipe 5, T-shaped drilling rod 2, and T-shaped drilling rod 2 is nested in T-shaped drilling pipe 5, and T-shaped drilling pipe 5 top is provided with lever 1, and T-shaped drilling pipe 5 is all stretched out in T-shaped drilling rod 2 top and bottom.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, detachable sampling structure comprises soil sampling structure and substrate sludge sampling structure, and soil sampling structure comprises section drill bit 6 and soil-shifting sheet 7, and soil-shifting sheet 7 is arranged in section drill bit 6, for soil cylinder is released section drill bit 6; Substrate sludge sampling structure comprises grab bucket 8 and spring 9, and grab bucket 8 is made up of left and right two and half grab bucket 12; The junction of apparatus main body and detachable sampling structure is equipped with the syndeton cooperatively interacted.Syndeton can adopt the various mode that removably connects, as being threaded, the connection of snapping, pin, magnetic force connection etc.
Adopt the mode be threaded in the present embodiment, described syndeton be respectively and be arranged at screw thread bottom T-shaped drilling rod 2, be arranged at soil-shifting sheet 7 matches with the screw thread bottom T-shaped drilling rod 2 screw, be arranged at match with the screw thread bottom T-shaped drilling rod 2 at grab bucket 8 top screw, be arranged at the screw thread bottom T-shaped drilling pipe 5 and be arranged at the screw that drill bit 6 of cutting into slices matches with the screw thread bottom T-shaped drilling pipe 5.
As shown in Figure 5, soil-shifting sheet 7 is provided with cake 14, and cake 14 xsect is parallel with section drill bit 6 xsect, and cake 14 external diameter is less than section drill bit 6 internal diameter 0 ~ 0.5cm.T-shaped drilling rod 2 can pass in and out T-shaped drilling pipe 5, after gathering soil sample, the cake 14 of soil-shifting sheet 7 lower end can be utilized to be released by the soil in drill bit.
In the present embodiment, be provided with draw-in groove 4 in the middle part of lever 1, T-shaped drilling rod 2 is provided with the projection 3 agreed with draw-in groove 4, be may be stuck on draw-in groove 4 by projection 3 when getting bed mud, thus the position of fixing T-shaped drilling rod 2; When the position that projection 3 is arranged on T-shaped drilling rod 2 may be stuck in draw-in groove 4 with projection 3, grab bucket 8 can tight closure be as the criterion.
As shown in Figure 4, left and right two and half grab bucket 12 of grab bucket 8 is provided with water seepage hole 11, is provided with the sawtooth 13 that can mutually be engaged bottom half grab bucket 12, and time closed, grab bucket 8 is closed state, enables mud be sealed in grab bucket and not flow out.The waveform radian meeting ergonomics is arranged at lever 1 bottom, and the finger spacing presented when the trough spacing of radian and staff are exerted oneself is close, adopts mud comfort level, is more suitable for having an effect and gets mud to increase; T-shaped drilling pipe 5 outer wall is carved with the scale of 30 ~ 100cm, section drill bit 6 outer wall is carved with 0 ~ 20cm scale, and both connect rear long 1m, can determine length and the degree of depth of fetched earth block, and visual sample requirement gathers soil and the bed mud of about 0-100cm.
As shown in Figure 6, be provided with cutting ring cutting ring bottom section drill bit 6, be conducive to the lifting that earth boring auger enters ground and earth boring auger, belong to labor-saving structure;
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of method of sampling using described sampling thief, comprises the method for sampling and the soil sampling method of shallow water or river bottom mud; The sampling apparatus of the shallow water that two kinds of method of samplings are used or river bottom mud can be changed by changing the sampling structure that be connected with T-shaped drilling rod 2, T-shaped drilling pipe 5 with soil sampler, thus reduce the number of devices needing in field sampling process to carry, save cost.
Apply this device and carry out shallow water or the river bottom mud method of sampling is specially: by the sampling apparatus of grab bucket 8, T-shaped drilling rod 2, a kind of shallow water that T-shaped drilling pipe 5 forms or river bottom mud, it is inner that T-shaped drilling rod 2 is nested in T-shaped drilling pipe 5, and grab bucket 8 is connected with T-shaped drilling rod 2.During sampling, by grab bucket 8 submerged, and grab bucket 8 is made to keep opening in lower water process by the elastic force of spring 9, when predetermined depth in bed mud is sunk in grab bucket, upwards stretch T-shaped drilling rod 2, and 8 both sides of grabbing bucket are subject to the pressure of T-shaped drilling pipe 5 and shrink, when projection 3 arrives the position of draw-in groove 4, grab bucket is closed; Rotated to an angle by T-shaped drilling rod 2, projection 3 is stuck on the draw-in groove 4 of T-shaped drilling pipe 5, thus keep grab bucket closure state, fetch sampling thief, the moisture in mud exosmoses by water seepage hole 11.After the moisture in mud drains substantially, then turning T-type drilling rod 2, make projection 3 exit draw-in groove 4, grab bucket 8 is opened under the action of the spring gradually, takes out mud in grab bucket, after sampling, T-shaped drilling rod can be taken out from T-shaped drilling pipe top, cleans.；
Apply this device to carry out soil sampling method and be specially: be assembled into a kind of soil sampler by T-shaped drilling rod 2, T-shaped drilling pipe 5, section drill bit 6, soil-shifting sheet 7, it is inner that T-shaped drilling rod 2 is nested in T-shaped drilling pipe 5, section drill bit 6 is connected with T-shaped drilling pipe 5, and soil-shifting sheet 7 is connected with T-shaped drilling rod 2.In the present embodiment, drill bit is about 25cm, therefore once can adopt at most the dark sample of 20cm.During sampling, section drill bit 6 is vertically placed in soil surface, press T-shaped drilling pipe 5 by lever 1 and make section drill bit 6 enter soil, the drilling rod being now connected to soil-shifting sheet 7 slowly rises under the effect of soil sample.In sampling process, the soil depth entering section drill bit 6 is determined by the scale in T-shaped drilling pipe 5 and section drill bit 6 outer wall, when reaching default soil depth, promote T-shaped drilling pipe 5, take out section drill bit 6, and promote T-shaped drilling rod 2, make soil cylinder skid off section drill bit 6 along with moving of soil-shifting sheet 7, after sampling, T-shaped drilling rod can be taken out from T-shaped drilling pipe top, cleans.。
Above-described embodiment is one of the present invention preferably scheme, and so it is not intended to limiting the invention, and all technical schemes taking the mode of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation to obtain, all drop in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a detachable shallow-layer bed mud and the dual-purpose sampling thief of soil, it is characterized in that: comprise apparatus main body and detachable sampling structure, described apparatus main body comprises T-shaped drilling pipe (5), T-shaped drilling rod (2), T-shaped drilling rod (2) is nested in T-shaped drilling pipe (5), T-shaped drilling pipe (5) top is provided with lever (1), and T-shaped drilling pipe (5) is all stretched out in T-shaped drilling rod (2) top and bottom; Described detachable sampling structure comprises soil sampling structure and substrate sludge sampling structure, soil sampling structure comprises section drill bit (6) and soil-shifting sheet (7), soil-shifting sheet (7) is arranged in section drill bit (6), for soil cylinder is released section drill bit (6); Substrate sludge sampling structure comprises grab bucket (8) and spring (9), and grab bucket (8) is made up of left and right two and half grab bucket (12); The junction of apparatus main body and detachable sampling structure is equipped with the syndeton cooperatively interacted.
2. detachable shallow-layer bed mud as claimed in claim 1 and the dual-purpose sampling thief of soil, it is characterized in that: described soil-shifting sheet (7) is provided with cake (14), cake (14) xsect is parallel with section drill bit (6) xsect, and cake (14) external diameter is less than section drill bit (6) internal diameter 0 ~ 0.5cm.
3. detachable shallow-layer bed mud as claimed in claim 1 and the dual-purpose sampling thief of soil, it is characterized in that: described lever (1) middle part is provided with draw-in groove (4), T-shaped drilling rod (2) is provided with the projection (3) agreed with draw-in groove (4), when getting bed mud, projection (3) be may be stuck on draw-in groove (4), thus the position of fixing T-shaped drilling rod (2); When the position that projection (3) is arranged on T-shaped drilling rod (2) may be stuck in draw-in groove (4) with projection (3), grab bucket (8) can tight closure be as the criterion.
4. detachable shallow-layer bed mud as claimed in claim 1 and the dual-purpose sampling thief of soil, it is characterized in that: the left and right two and half grab bucket (12) of described grab bucket (8) is provided with water seepage hole (11), half grab bucket (12) bottom is provided with the sawtooth (13) that can mutually be engaged.
5. detachable shallow-layer bed mud as claimed in claim 1 and the dual-purpose sampling thief of soil, is characterized in that: described syndeton be respectively be arranged at T-shaped drilling rod (2) bottom screw thread, be arranged at soil-shifting sheet (7) upper match with the screw thread of T-shaped drilling rod (2) bottom screw, be arranged at the screw matched with the screw thread of T-shaped drilling rod (2) bottom at (8) top of grab bucket, the screw thread being arranged at T-shaped drilling pipe (5) bottom and be arranged at the screw that drill bit (6) of cutting into slices above matches with the screw thread bottom T-shaped drilling pipe (5).
6. the detachable shallow-layer bed mud as described in claim 1 ~ 5 and the dual-purpose sampling thief of soil, is characterized in that: the waveform radian meeting ergonomics is arranged at described lever (1) bottom.
7. detachable shallow-layer bed mud as claimed in claim 6 and the dual-purpose sampling thief of soil, it is characterized in that: the scale described T-shaped drilling pipe (5) outer wall being carved with 30 ~ 100cm, section drill bit (6) outer wall is carved with 0 ~ 20cm scale, both connect rear long 1m, can determine length and the degree of depth of fetched earth block.
8. detachable shallow-layer bed mud as claimed in claim 7 and the dual-purpose sampling thief of soil, is characterized in that: described section drill bit (6) bottom is provided with cutting ring blade.
9. use a method of sampling for sampling thief as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for sampling and the soil sampling method that comprise shallow water or river bottom mud;
Described shallow water or the river bottom mud method of sampling are specially: by the sampling apparatus of grab bucket (8), T-shaped drilling rod (2), a kind of shallow water that T-shaped drilling pipe (5) forms or river bottom mud, to grab bucket (8) submerged, and make grab bucket (8) keep opening in lower water process by the elastic force of spring (9), when predetermined depth in bed mud is sunk in grab bucket, upwards stretch T-shaped drilling rod (2), grab bucket (8) both sides are subject to the pressure of T-shaped drilling pipe (5) and shrink, and grab bucket is closed; T-shaped drilling rod (2) is rotated to an angle, projection (3) is stuck on the draw-in groove (4) of T-shaped drilling pipe (5), thus keep grab bucket closure state, fetch sampling thief, then turning T-type drilling rod (2), grab bucket is opened, and takes out mud in grab bucket;
Described soil sampling method is specially: by T-shaped drilling rod (2), T-shaped drilling pipe (5), section drill bit (6), soil-shifting sheet (7) is assembled into a kind of soil sampler, drill bit (6) of cutting into slices is placed in soil surface, pressing T-shaped drilling pipe (5) by lever (1) makes section drill bit (6) enter soil, the soil depth entering section drill bit (6) is determined by the scale in T-shaped drilling pipe (5) and section drill bit (6) outer wall, when reaching default soil depth, promote T-shaped drilling pipe (5), take out section drill bit (6), and promote T-shaped drilling rod (2), soil cylinder is made to skid off section drill bit (6) along with moving of soil-shifting sheet (7),
Described shallow water or the sampling apparatus of river bottom mud can be changed by changing the sampling structure be connected with T-shaped drilling rod (2), T-shaped drilling pipe (5) with soil sampler.
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| CN105388039A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-03-09 | 昆明理工大学 | Sampler |
| CN105571889A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-05-11 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Piston type fixed-depth soil core sampling device and use method thereof |
| CN106248429A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2016-12-21 | 哈尔滨中科龙祥科技有限公司 | Selenium-rich plantation sampling planting pot |
| CN106289853A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2017-01-04 | 天津城建大学 | Angle drawing out soil equipment and operational approach thereof |
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| CN107449630A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-12-08 | 江苏省环境科学研究院 | A kind of device and its sampling method for directly promoting soil sample |
| CN108692972A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-10-23 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of lever booster type soil sampler |
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| CN109724494A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-05-07 | 浙江省水利河口研究院 | A kind of shallow-layer siltation bed mud measurer for thickness and its application method |
| CN110487590A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-22 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | A kind of soil collecting device administered for grassland |
| CN114034507A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-02-11 | 英飞智信（苏州）科技有限公司 | Full-section arbitrary depth quantitative sampler and sampling method |
| CN114088463A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-25 | 重庆三峡学院 | Remote control boat type surface sediment sampler |
| CN114295411A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-08 | 东华大学 | Get device of sewage and silt under water |
| CN114324485A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-04-12 | 山东省煤田地质局第五勘探队 | Instant sampling and detecting device for underground water |
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Application publication date: 20150923 |