CN107449630A - A kind of device and its sampling method for directly promoting soil sample - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for directly propelling soil sampling and a sampling method thereof, comprising an outer drill rod and a first cutting drill bit located at the lower end of the outer drill rod, the outer drill rod is a hollow tube, and a surface soil sampling platform or a deep soil sampling platform is arranged inside device, the surface soil sampling station includes the first sampling pipe and holder, and the deep soil sampler includes the inner drill rod, the second cutting drill bit positioned at the lower end of the inner drill rod and the second sampling pipe inside the inner drill rod; , Install the surface soil sampling platform inside the outer drill pipe. When sampling deep soil, take out the surface soil sampling platform, replace the deep soil sampler and insert it into the outer drill pipe for continuous sampling. In the present invention, the synchronous sampling operation of the surface layer and the deep layer soil is completed through the combined use of the surface layer soil sampling platform and the deep layer soil sampler, thereby ensuring the sampling quality and work efficiency, and improving the surface layer soil sampling rate.

Description

A device for directly pushing soil sampling and its sampling method

technical field

The invention relates to a soil fetching device, in particular to a composite device for synchronous sampling of surface and deep soil, and belongs to the technical field of soil investigation and sampling.

Background technique

With the continuous acceleration of urbanization and industrialization and the frequent interference of human activities, the problem of soil pollution has become more and more serious. On April 17, 2014, the Ministry of Environmental Protection and the Ministry of Land and Resources jointly issued the "National Soil Pollution Survey Bulletin". The heavily polluted sites are 11.2%, 2.3%, 1.5% and 1.1%, respectively. The overall soil environment is not optimistic, and pollution control is imminent.

Clarifying the composition and concentration of soil pollutants is the basic premise for formulating soil pollution control measures, and soil sample collection and analysis are the basic means to obtain soil physical, chemical, biological properties and composition characteristics. The soil sampler is one of the necessary tools for soil sample collection. The quality of its sampling performance determines the quality of the sampling, which is closely related to the accuracy and reliability of the final obtained data.

There are many types of soil samplers. Choose different samplers according to different sampling and analysis purposes. A small shovel can be used to collect surface soil samples of farmland or wasteland; a ring knife can be used to study general physical properties of soil, such as soil bulk density, porosity, and water-holding characteristics; a short-handled soil auger can be used to collect shallow soil samples; observe Screw-head soil auger can be selected for the internal section characteristics of the soil layer about 1 meter; when collecting soil samples for chemical analysis or physical analysis that does not require undisturbed soil, use an open-type soil auger; collect undisturbed soil samples that do not destroy the soil structure or shape , using a sleeve-type soil drill; soil sample collection in polluted site investigation often uses sampling equipment that directly pushes the drilling rig.

The method of soil sampling using the direct propulsion technique has gained wide application. However, in this direct pressure sampling method, the frictional resistance between the drill bit and the soil is relatively large during the direct downward advancement process, which causes the soil entering the sampling tube to be compressed, resulting in a relatively low sampling rate for loose surface soil. The low sampling rate of surface soil will not only challenge the physical and chemical properties of the soil, but also lead to errors in the judgment of the pollution depth. If the surface soil samples are collected separately, additional new sampling equipment will be added, which will affect the efficiency of on-site work.

Contents of the invention

Purpose of the invention: the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device for directly advancing soil sampling for synchronous sampling of surface and deep soil, which ensures the sampling quality and work efficiency and improves the sampling rate of surface soil. .

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a device for directly propelling soil sampling, which includes an outer drill rod and a first cutting drill bit located at the lower end of the outer drill rod. The outer drill rod is a hollow tube with a surface soil sampling device inside. platform or deep soil sampler; the surface soil sampling platform includes a first sampling tube and a holder, the holder is connected to the lower end of the first sampling tube; Two cutting bits and a second sampling tube inside the inner drill pipe.

When sampling the surface soil, connect the first sampling pipe with the retainer to form a surface soil sampling platform, and then place it inside the outer drill pipe; when sampling the deep soil, take out the surface soil sampling platform, replace the deep soil sampler and insert it into the Continuous sampling is performed inside the outer drill pipe.

Wherein, the inside of the first cutting bit is provided with a limit step, which acts as a limit to the retainer, and the retainer can freely move up and down inside the outer drill rod and on the upper part of the limit step, so that the first cutting bit and the limit step can be moved freely. When the outer drill pipe is taken out from the soil, the retainer and the first sampling pipe and protection pipe on the upper part are taken out separately, so as to sample the surface soil.

The holder includes a step, an upper circular platform and a lower circular platform; the step acts as a limit to the first sampling tube; the inner diameter of the upper circular platform is equal to the outer diameter of the first sampling tube; the outer diameter of the lower circular platform is the same as that of the drill pipe The inner diameters are equal, and the fit adopts a clearance fit.

The upper round platform is connected to the first sampling pipe through threads or buckles, preferably threaded.

There is also a protection tube on the outside of the first sampling tube, the inner diameter of the protection tube is equal to the outer diameter of the upper round platform, and the upper round platform is connected by threads to protect the first sampling tube.

The first cutting bit is connected to the outer drill rod through the external thread on the upper part of the first cutting bit and the inner thread on the lower part of the outer drill rod; the inner drill rod is connected to the second cutting bit through threads.

The first cutting bit and the second cutting bit are of thin-walled structure, and the cutting edge angle is less than 15°, which is convenient for cutting the soil quickly during the downward pushing process, relatively reduces the frictional force with the soil, and causes little damage to the structure around the soil , so that the soil can enter the sampling tube more easily, so as to obtain soil samples to a greater extent.

Adopt the method for soil sampling of above-mentioned device, comprise the steps:

Step 1: Connect the outer drill pipe with the first cutting bit, put the first sampling tube into the protective tube, connect it with the retainer and put it inside the outer drill pipe;

Step 2: Use the direct pressure sampling method to push the device combined in step 1 into the soil, take out the protection tube together with the first sampling tube and the holder, and obtain the surface soil sample. The outer drill pipe and the first cutting bit do not need to be removed from the soil take out;

Step 3: Connect the inner drill pipe to the second cutting bit, and place the second sampling pipe inside the inner drill pipe;

Step 4: Insert the device combined in step 3 into the outer drill pipe, continue to push down to the soil target depth using the direct pressure sampling method, and then take it out. Take out the second sampling tube to obtain deep soil samples.

Wherein, in step 2, the depth to which the device is advanced is 1-2m.

Among them, in step 4, the devices combined in step 3 can be replaced several times continuously, and the deep soil sampling operation can be continuously carried out, and the sampling depth can reach 50m.

Beneficial effect:

1. This application increases the sampling rate of the surface soil by enlarging the diameter of the soil sampling port of the sampling cutting bit, improving the structure of the drill bit, and reducing the compression of the surface soil when the drill pipe is inserted into the soil.

2. The combination of double sampling cutting bits is used. After using the first cutting bit to measure the surface soil, it is only necessary to take out the sampling tube and pass the second cutting bit through the first cutting bit for deep soil sampling, which is convenient for continuous soil sampling. Sample collection is efficient and fast, with little damage to the surrounding environment of the soil sample.

3. The entire sampling work does not need to repeatedly pull out and replace the drill pipe, only need to increase the drill bit and lengthen the drill pipe to carry out continuous sample collection, saving time and effort, and improving the working efficiency of sampling.

Description of drawings

The advantages of the above and/or other aspects of the present invention will become clearer as the present invention will be further described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the combined surface soil sampling device.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a deep soil sampler.

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the holder of the device.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the holder of the device.

detailed description

The present invention can be better understood from the following examples. The content described in the embodiments is only for illustrating the present invention, and shall not and will not limit the present invention described in the claims.

Example

The device comprises an outer drill rod 2 and the first cutting bit 1 positioned at the lower end of the outer drill rod 2, the outer drill rod 2 is a hollow tube, and the inside is provided with a surface soil sampling platform or a deep soil sampler; the surface soil sampling platform is installed on the outer When the drill pipe 2 is inside, it is combined into a surface soil sampling device. After the surface soil sampling is completed, the surface soil sampling platform is taken out, and then the deep soil sampler is inserted into the outer drill pipe 2 for continuous deep soil sampling, as shown in Figure 1.

The surface soil sampling platform includes a first sampling tube 3, a retainer 5 and a protective tube 4, and the retainer 5 includes a step 5-1, an upper circular platform 5-2 and a lower circular platform 5-3, and the first sampling tube 3 and the upper circular platform 5- 2 internal thread connection, and limited to the upper part of the step 5-1, the protective tube 4 is connected with the external thread of the upper circular platform 5-2; the lower circular platform 5-3 of the retainer 5 is limited to the limit step 1-1 of the first cutting bit 1 The above parts are active, as shown in Figure 2, Figure 4 and Figure 5.

The deep soil sampler includes an inner drill rod 6, a second cutting bit 8 located at the lower end of the inner drill rod 6, and a second sampling tube 7 inside the inner drill rod 6, as shown in FIG. 2 .

The specific steps for soil sampling using the above device are as follows:

(1) Connect the outer drill pipe 2 and the first cutting bit 1 through the external thread on the upper part of the first cutting bit 1 and the inner thread on the lower part of the outer drill bit 2; the first sampling tube 3 is put into the protection tube 4, and the protection tube 4 and the holding The upper round platform 5-2 of the device 5 is externally threaded, the first sampling tube 3 is connected with the upper round platform 5-2 internally threaded, and is limited to the upper end of the step 5-1; the protective tube 4, the first sampling tube 3 and the holder 5 After being assembled, it is put into the outer drill pipe 2, and the retainer 5 moves downward to the upper end of the limit step 1-1.

(2) Use the direct pressure sampling method to push the device combined in step (1) into the soil, carefully take out the protective tube 4 together with the first sampling tube 3 and the holder 5, and obtain a surface soil sample. The outer drill pipe 2 and the second A cutting bit 1 need not be removed from the soil;

(3) The inner drill pipe 6 is threadedly connected with the second cutting drill bit 8, and the second sampling pipe 7 is placed inside the inner drill pipe 6;

(4) Insert the device combined in step (3) into the outer drill pipe 2, continue to use the direct pressure sampling method to push down to the inside of the soil and take it out, take out the second sampling pipe 7 to obtain a deep soil sample.

(5) Steps (3) and (4) are repeated to continuously perform deep soil sampling operations.

The present invention provides a kind of train of thought and the method of the device of directly advancing soil sampling and sampling method thereof, the method and approach of concrete realization of this technical scheme are many, and above-mentioned is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for this technology Those of ordinary skill in the art can make some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. All components that are not specified in this embodiment can be realized by existing technologies.

Claims (10)

1. A device for directly advancing soil sampling, characterized in that it comprises an outer drill rod (2) and the first cutting bit (1) positioned at the lower end of the outer drill rod (2), and the outer drill rod (2) is hollow Pipe, the inside is provided with surface soil sampling platform or deep layer soil sampler; Described surface soil sampling platform comprises the first sampling pipe (3) and retainer (5), and retainer (5) connects the first sampling pipe (3) Lower end; Described deep layer soil sampler comprises inner drill rod (6), the second cutting drill bit (8) that is positioned at inner drill rod (6) lower end and the second sampling tube (7) of inner drill rod (6) inside; During surface soil sampling work, the first sampling pipe (3) is connected with the retainer (5) to form a surface soil sampling platform, and then placed inside the outer drill pipe (2); During the deep soil sampling work, the surface soil sampling platform is taken out, and the deep soil sampler is replaced and inserted into the inside of the outer drill pipe (2) for continuous sampling. 2. A device for directly propelling soil sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that a limit step (1-1) is provided inside the first cutting bit (1), and the retainer (5) can be placed outside The inside of the drill pipe (2) and the upper part of the limit step (1-1) move freely up and down. 3. A kind of device that directly advances soil sampling according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described retainer (5) comprises step (5-1), upper circular platform (5-2) and lower circular platform (5-2) 3); the step (5-1) plays a limiting role on the first sampling tube (3); the inner diameter of the upper circular platform (5-2) is equal to the outer diameter of the first sampling tube (3); the lower circular platform The outer diameter of (5-3) is equal to the drill pipe (2) inner diameter. 4. A device for directly propelling soil sampling according to claim 3, characterized in that, the upper round platform (5-2) is connected to the first sampling pipe (3) through threads or buckles. 5. A kind of device that directly advances soil sampling according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described first sampling pipe (3) outside is covered with a protective tube (4), and the inside of protective tube (4) is connected with upper round platform ( 5-2) The outer diameters are equal, and the upper round table (5-2) is connected by threads. 6. A device for directly propelling soil sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that, between the first cutting bit (1) and the outer drill rod (2), the upper part of the first cutting bit (1) The thread is connected with the internal thread at the lower part of the outer drill rod (2); the inner drill rod (6) is connected with the second cutting drill bit (7) through threads. 7. A device for directly advancing soil sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first cutting bit (1) and the second cutting bit (7) are thin-walled structures, and the cutting edge angle is less than 15° . 8. The method for soil sampling by the device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, comprising the steps of: Step 1: Connect the outer drill pipe (2) with the first cutting bit (1), put the first sampling tube (3) into the protection tube (4), and put it into the outer drill pipe after being connected with the retainer (5) (2) Internal; Step 2: using the direct pressure sampling method to push the device combined in step 1 into the soil, and taking out the protection tube (4) together with the first sampling tube (3) and the holder (5) to obtain a surface soil sample; Step 3: Connect the inner drill pipe (6) with the second cutting drill bit (8), and place the second sampling pipe (7) inside the inner drill pipe (6); Step 4: Insert the device combined in step 3 into the outer drill pipe (2), continue to use the direct pressure sampling method to push down to the inside of the soil and take it out, take out the second sampling tube (7) to obtain a deep soil sample. 9. The method for sampling soil according to claim 8, characterized in that, in step 2, the device advances to a depth of 1-2m. 10. The method of soil sampling according to claim 8, characterized in that, in step 4, the device combined in step 3 can be continuously replaced, and the deep soil sampling operation is continuously carried out.