CN104920893B - A kind of method for breeding of yak - Google Patents
A kind of method for breeding of yak Download PDFInfo
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- CN104920893B CN104920893B CN201510364108.3A CN201510364108A CN104920893B CN 104920893 B CN104920893 B CN 104920893B CN 201510364108 A CN201510364108 A CN 201510364108A CN 104920893 B CN104920893 B CN 104920893B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method for breeding of yak, including：Supplementary feeding is carried out to pregnant Yak cow；After calving, calf using the pattern that " lactation+herd " combines is raised, postpartum Yak cow is raised using the pattern that " herding+supplementary feeding " combines；After calf is born 25~35 days, feeding training is carried out to calf；Calf was born after 3 monthly ages, weaned to calf；Yak cow after wean using the pattern that "+supplementary feeding is herded in extension " combines is raised, is bred after Yak cow heat.Method for breeding provided by the invention can also improve the survival rate of calf while Yak cow often produces a tire per year, and then improve the breeding potential of Yak cow.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to breeding technique field, more particularly to a kind of method for breeding of yak.
Background technology
Yak is the peculiar ox kind of Qinghai-Tibet Alpine-arctic Pastoral, phytophage ruminant domestic animal.Yak is to live in sea in the world
The mammal of highest point is pulled out, mainly originates in Chinese Qinghai-Tibet 3000 meters of height above sea level or more area.Yak is adapted to high and cold life
State condition, it is resistance to it is thick, endure hardships, be apt to walk abrupt slope danger road, snow mountain marsh, river torrent of crossing a river can be swum, there is the title of " high altitude boat ".Yak is complete
Body is all precious, and yak milk can be drunk, and yak meat can be eaten, and yak skin is the good material of process hides, and yak hair can be with tailoring and account
Paulin, yak dung can be used as fuel combustion.In addition to this, yak can be not only used for agro-farming, and means of transport can be used as on plateau.
The advantage that yak has become Qinghai-Tibet pastoral area works as Domestic Livestock, is the indispensable production of herdsman and the means of livelihood.
Under existing grazing condition, Yak cow is usually to breed in July to September part, March next year to calving in May,
Calf was weaned after 1 years old, and Yak cow July current year to September part after wean starts rutting again, like this in cycles.
Yak next year produces a tire under normal circumstances, and additionally, due to reasons such as disease and nutritional deficiencies, calf survival rate is relatively low.Due to female yak
Ox calving negligible amounts, along with calf The dead quantity is more so that the breeding potential of yak is extremely inefficient, the low serious shadow of breeding potential
Ring the development of Yak production.
In order to improve the breeding potential of yak, when the method applied in the prior art is mainly cold in winter, often meal is quantitative
Increase Yak cow forage volume, the single breeding potential that yak is improved by supplement feed, this method, which is produced effects extremely, to be had
Limit.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for breeding of yak, the method for breeding of yak provided by the invention is from mother
Ox and two aspect of calf are started with, and can effectively improve the breeding potential of yak.
Technical scheme is as follows：
The present invention provides a kind of method for breeding of yak, include the following steps：
Supplementary feeding is carried out to pregnant Yak cow；
After calving, calf using the pattern that " lactation+herd " combines is raised, postpartum Yak cow is used and " herds+mends
The pattern raising that feeding " combines；
After calf is born 25~35 days, feeding training is carried out to calf；
Calf was born after 3 monthly ages, weaned to calf；
Yak cow after wean using the pattern that "+supplementary feeding is herded in extension " combines is raised, is carried out after Yak cow heat
Breeding.
Preferably, it is described that the time of supplementary feeding is carried out to pregnant Yak cow since pregnant December current year；
The supplementary feeding to pregnant Yak cow is specially：
Supplementary feeding is carried out to Yak cow after Yak cow is returned and herded and is licked to lick mineral and lick brick；
The feed of the supplementary feeding includes 2~4kg green hay and 0.15~0.35kg plant flours.
Preferably, the pattern combined to calf using " lactation+herd ", which is raised, is specially：
Suck colostrum after calf birth in 0.5~1 hour, 0~7 day to feed based on colostrum, whole milk of Yak cow
Water is used for calf lactation, without artificially milking；
It is herded after calf birth with mother.
Preferably, it is described that the pattern feeding time that " herding+supplementary feeding " combines is used to postpartum Yak cow as from postpartum to calf
Ox is weaned；
The pattern combined to postpartum Yak cow using " herding+supplementary feeding ", which is raised, is specially：
Supplementary feeding is carried out to Yak cow after Yak cow is returned and herded and is licked to lick mineral and lick brick；
The feed of the supplementary feeding includes 0.15~0.35kg plant flours.
Preferably, the wean calf weight is in more than 55kg.
Preferably, specially daily extension 1~3 hour is herded in the extension.
Preferably, the pattern that the Yak cow after described pair of wean is combined using "+supplementary feeding is herded in extension ", which is raised, is specially：
Supplementary feeding is carried out to Yak cow after Yak cow is returned and herded and is licked to lick mineral and lick brick；
The feed of the supplementary feeding includes 0.4~0.6kg plant flours.
Preferably, the plant flour is maize flour and/or highland barley powder.
Preferably, the calf after wean is raised using the pattern that " herding+supplementary feeding " combines, specially：
Calf with Yak cow is isolated and is herded；
Probiotics are added in the drinking water of calf；
The probiotics use Bacillus acidi lactici, Bifidobacterium and the bacillus obtained from Qinghai-Tibet Alpine-arctic Pastoral
One or more of composition mixing veterinary formulations.
Preferably, into after December, to calf using herding and supplementary feeding is raised with the pattern that brooder is combined, up to 1 week
Year；
The pattern being combined to calf using " herding+supplementary feeding+brooder ", which is raised, is specially：
Calf is allowed to enter brooder after calf returns and herds, supplementary feeding is carried out to calf, drinks water and licks and lick mineral and lick brick；
The present invention provides a kind of method for breeding of yak, including：Supplementary feeding is carried out to pregnant Yak cow；After calving, to calf
Postpartum Yak cow is raised in the pattern raising that ox is combined using " lactation+herd " using the pattern that " herding+supplementary feeding " combines；Calf
After ox is born 25~35 days, feeding training is carried out to calf；Calf was born after 3 monthly ages, weaned to calf；To the mother after wean
The pattern raising that yak is combined using "+supplementary feeding is herded in extension ", breeds after Yak cow heat.Raising provided by the invention
The supplementary feeding that method carries out it in the Yak cow gestational period makes calf have larger birth weight, improves surviving after calf is born
Rate, while the calf of larger birth weight is conducive to later stage quick growth and development；And due to the weaning time for being advanced by calf,
Yak cow after wean began to heat, breeding at 1 week or so again so that Yak cow can produce a tire every year, improve yak
Breeding potential.
Further, the milk of Yak cow is completely used for the lactation of calf and is more advantageous to the growth of calf, in addition to this, right
Feeding training that calf carries out and enter the pattern raising being combined after cold season " the herding+supplementary feeding+brooder " taken and be all conducive to
Improve the survival rate of calf.The raising of calf survival rate further improves the breeding potential of yak.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments.
The present invention provides a kind of method for breeding of yak, including：
Supplementary feeding is carried out to pregnant Yak cow；
After calving, calf using the pattern that " lactation+herd " combines is raised, postpartum Yak cow is used and " herds+mends
The pattern raising that feeding " combines；
After calf is born 25~35 days, feeding training is carried out to calf；
Calf was born after 3 monthly ages, weaned to calf；
Yak cow after wean using the pattern that "+supplementary feeding is herded in extension " combines is raised, is carried out after Yak cow heat
Breeding.
The present invention carries out supplementary feeding to pregnant Yak cow.Embodiments herein carries out on Qinghai-Tibet Platean, and Qinghai-Tibet Platean exists
Monthly maximum temperature is averagely less than 0 DEG C after into December, and due to weather cold, herbage dries up poor nutritional, and ox only starts to lose flesh,
Start to carry out supplementary feeding to Yak cow in December so the application preferably selects.The present invention after Yak cow is returned and is herded to Yak cow into
Row supplementary feeding carries out Yak cow more preferably after Yak cow is returned and herded supplementary feeding and licks licking mineral and licking brick.The present invention is to the supplementary feeding
Feed type and source do not have particular/special requirement, using cattle feed well known to those skilled in the art.In the present invention, institute
It states feed and preferably includes green hay and plant flour.In the present invention, the feed preferably includes 2~4kg green hay and 0.15
~0.35kg plant flours, in an embodiment of the present invention, the supplementary feeding amount of the green hay can be specially 2kg, 3kg or 4kg；Institute
It can be specially 0.15kg, 0.25kg or 0.35kg to state plant flour.The present invention does not have particular/special requirement to the plant flour, uses
Ox plant flour well known to those skilled in the art.In the present invention, the plant flour is preferably maize flour and/or highland barley
Face.The present invention licks brick to the mineral does not have particular/special requirement, licks brick i.e. using ox articles for use mineral well known to those skilled in the art
It can.The present invention, which licks Yak cow to lick mineral and lick the amount of licking of licking of brick, not to be required, and Yak cow is allowed freely to lick and is licked.
In the present invention, the supplementary feeding that carried out to pregnant Yak cow preferably lasts for Yak cow production.The female yak of gestation
After ox calving, the pattern that the present invention combines the calf " lactation+herd " that production obtains is raised.The present invention is preferable for calf and is going out
Colostrum is sucked in 0.5~1 hour after life, calf is allowed to obtain maternal antibody as early as possible.In the present invention, calf be born 0~7 day in it is excellent
Choosing is based on hello colostrum.In the present invention, when calf is up to 7 age in days, paratyphoid is carried out to calf and is immunized.The present invention is to the pair
Drug and drug dosage used, which is immunized, in typhoid fever does not have particular/special requirement, and medication is immunized using paratyphoid well known to those skilled in the art
With dosage.The milk of Yak cow is preferably completely used for calf lactation by the present invention before calf wean, without manually squeezing
Milk.The present invention does not have the time that calf starts to herd particular/special requirement, begins to herd with mother after preferred calf birth.
After pregnant Yak cow calving, the present invention raises postpartum Yak cow using the pattern that " herding+supplementary feeding " combines.This hair
It is bright preferably to be selected from postpartum to during calf wean, postpartum Yak cow is raised using the pattern that " herding+supplementary feeding " combines.In the present invention
In, the process that supplementary feeding is carried out to postpartum Yak cow is preferably：Supplementary feeding is carried out to Yak cow after Yak cow is returned and herded, is more preferably treated
Yak cow is returned herd after carry out supplementary feeding to Yak cow and lick licking mineral and licking brick.The present invention does not have the feed type of the supplementary feeding and source
There is particular/special requirement, using cattle feed well known to those skilled in the art.In the present invention, it is described to postpartum Yak cow into
The feed of row supplementary feeding preferably includes 0.15~0.35kg plant flours, and in an embodiment of the present invention, the plant flour can have
Body is 0.15kg, 0.25kg or 0.35kg.In the present invention, the plant flour and plant flour described in above-mentioned technical proposal
Technical solution it is consistent, details are not described herein.The present invention licks brick to the mineral does not have particular/special requirement, using people in the art
Ox articles for use mineral known to member lick brick.The present invention, which licks Yak cow to lick mineral and lick the amount of licking of licking of brick, not to be required, and allows female yak
Ox freely licks and licks.
In calf up to after 1 monthly age, the present invention preferably to calf injection Anthrax vaccine, bovine pasteurellosis inactivated vaccine and
Inactivated foot-and-mouth disease vaccine.The present invention does not have particular/special requirement to the dosage vaccinated, using known to those skilled in the art
Vaccine injection dosage.The present invention does not have particular/special requirement to the injection sequence of three kinds of vaccines.In the present invention, three kinds
Intervals between vaccine injections are preferably at 7 days or more.In calf up to after 2 monthly ages, the present invention is preferably to calf injection ivermectin and anti-
Compacted quick progress inside and outside expelling parasite；The present invention does not have the injection sequence and time interval of the ivermectin and Albendazole special want
It asks, the injection volume of the ivermectin is preferably 0.01~0.03mg/kg by calf batheroom scale, described in embodiments of the present invention
The injection volume of ivermectin can be specially 0.01mg/kg, 0.02mg/kg or 0.03mg/kg；The injection volume of the Albendazole presses calf
Ox batheroom scale is preferably 9~11mg/kg, in embodiments of the present invention the injection volume of the Albendazole can be specially 9mg/kg,
10mg/kg or 11mg/kg.
In calf up to after 1 monthly age, preferably to Yak cow injection Anthrax vaccine, bovine pasteurellosis inactivated vaccine and mouth hoof
Epidemic disease inactivated vaccine.The present invention does not have particular/special requirement to the dosage vaccinated, using epidemic disease well known to those skilled in the art
Seedling injection dosage.The present invention does not have particular/special requirement to the injection sequence of three kinds of vaccines.In the present invention, three kinds of vaccines
Injection interval is preferably at 7 days or more.Yak cow up to after 2 monthly ages, preferably Yak cow is injected ivermectin and Albendazole into
The expelling parasite of row inside and outside；The present invention does not have the injection sequence of the ivermectin and Albendazole particular/special requirement, the ivermectin
Injection volume by Yak cow batheroom scale be preferably 0.01~0.03mg/kg, the note of the ivermectin in embodiments of the present invention
The amount of penetrating can be specially 0.01mg/kg, 0.02mg/kg or 0.03mg/kg；The injection volume of the Albendazole is excellent by Yak cow batheroom scale
Be selected as 9~11mg/kg, in embodiments of the present invention the injection volume of the Albendazole can be specially 9mg/kg, 10mg/kg or
11mg/kg。
The present invention carries out feeding training after calf is born 25~35 days to calf.The present invention is preferably born 1 in calf
After monthly age, feeding training is carried out to calf.The present invention does not have particular/special requirement to the specific method of the feeding training, using ability
The feeding that calf carries out is trained known to field technique personnel.In the embodiment of the present invention use application No. is
Only son carries out feeding training to ox disclosed in 201420114568.1 Chinese patent every female fine fodder supplementary feeding device to calf excessively, specifically
To remove the partition board and dodge gate of the supplementary feeding device first, after returning and herding daily, supplementary feeding fine fodder is put into, makes cow and calf can
Feeding, lures calf to be familiar with the supplementary feeding of supplementary feeding device and supplementary feeding fine fodder.After 15 days, calf, which gets into the swing of, does not fear supplementary feeding device,
And after having started feeding, what very important person was installs mother and sons' partition board, and calf can only be made to free in and out feeding, limitation cow strives food calf
Supplementary feeding material.
The present invention was born in calf after 3 monthly ages, was weaned to calf.In the present invention, the weight of the wean calf is excellent
It is selected in more than 55kg.In the present invention, it is preferred to which the calf of wean and cow are separated, individually herd in high-quality pasture.At this
In invention, probiotics are added in the drinking water of the calf preferably after wean.The present invention carrys out the probiotics
Source does not have particular/special requirement, such as can be the city of probiotics using probiotics well known to those skilled in the art
Sell commodity.In the present invention, the probiotics preferably include one kind in Bacillus acidi lactici, Bifidobacterium and bacillus or
It is several, more preferably include from one kind in Bacillus acidi lactici, Bifidobacterium and the bacillus that Qinghai-Tibet Alpine-arctic Pastoral obtains or
Several, the probiotics are preferably positioned at low temperature shady place.In the present invention, the probiotics are in the drinking water
In addition add in specifications.
After calf wean, the present invention is preferably raised the Yak cow after wean using the pattern that "+supplementary feeding is herded in extension " combines
It supports.In the present invention, preferred extension 1~3 hour is herded in the extension, and in embodiments of the present invention, the extension time can have
Body is 1 hour, 2 hours or 3 hours；More preferably early go out to herd 1 hour in the morning, and delay at night is received and herded 1 hour.
It is selected as after Yak cow is returned and herded to Yak cow in the present invention, it is preferred to carry out supplementary feeding to the Yak cow after the wean
Supplementary feeding is carried out, carries out supplementary feeding to Yak cow more preferably after Yak cow is returned and herded and lick licking mineral and licking brick.The present invention is to the benefit
The feed type of feeding and source do not have particular/special requirement, using cattle feed well known to those skilled in the art.In the present invention
In, the feed preferably includes 0.4~0.6kg plant flours, and in an embodiment of the present invention, the plant flour can be specially
0.4kg, 0.5kg or 0.6kg.In the present invention, the technology of the plant flour and plant flour described in above-mentioned technical proposal
Scheme is consistent, and details are not described herein.The present invention licks brick to the mineral does not have particular/special requirement, using known to those skilled in the art
Ox articles for use mineral lick brick.The present invention, which licks Yak cow to lick mineral and lick the amount of licking of licking of brick, not to be required, and makes Yak cow free
It licks and licks.
The present invention breeds after Yak cow heat.The present invention does not have the method for the breeding special restriction, adopts
Such as can be natural mating with the technical solution of breeding well known to those skilled in the art；The present invention is preferable for heat mother
Yak carries out natural mating with bull.In the present invention, the mating bull and the quantity ratio preferably 1 of heat Yak cow:(13
~17), in embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of the mating bull and heat Yak cow can be specially 1:13、1:14、1:15、
1:16 and 1:17.
After calf wean, after December is entered, what the present invention was preferably combined calf using " herding+supplementary feeding+brooder "
Pattern is raised.Same as above, embodiments herein carries out on Qinghai-Tibet Platean, Qinghai-Tibet Platean moon highest after December is entered
Temperature-averaging is less than 0 DEG C, and due to weather cold, herbage dries up poor nutritional, and ox only starts to lose flesh, so the application preferably selects
Start to carry out supplementary feeding to wean calf in December.The present invention does not have the supplementary feeding particular/special requirement, and the present invention treats that calf returns and herds
Calf is placed in brooder afterwards and carries out supplementary feeding, calf is placed in brooder preferably after calf returns and herds and carries out supplementary feeding and lick to lick ore deposit
Object licks brick.The present invention does not have particular/special requirement to the feed type of the supplementary feeding and source, and use is well known to those skilled in the art
Cattle feed.In the present invention, the feed preferably includes green hay and fine fodder.Present invention preferably comprises 0.8~1.2kg
Green hay and 0.15~0.35kg fine fodders, in an embodiment of the present invention, the green hay can be specially 0.8kg, 0.9kg,
1.0kg, 1.1kg or 1.2kg；The fine fodder can be specially 0.15kg, 0.2kg, 0.25kg, 0.3kg or 0.35kg.The present invention is right
The source of the fine fodder does not have particular/special requirement, such as can be the city of fine fodder using fine fodder well known to those skilled in the art
Sell commodity.The present invention licks brick to the mineral does not have particular/special requirement, is licked using ox articles for use mineral well known to those skilled in the art
Brick.In the present invention, the brooder preferably does roof with solar control glass plate.
The present invention provides a kind of method for breeding of yak, including：Supplementary feeding is carried out to pregnant Yak cow；To calf after calving
It is raised using the pattern that " lactation+herd " combines, postpartum Yak cow is raised using the pattern that " herding+supplementary feeding " combines；Calf
After birth 25~35 days, feeding training is carried out to calf；Calf was born after 3 monthly ages, weaned to calf；To female yak after wean
Ox is promoted the sexual maturity, and Yak cow using the pattern that "+supplementary feeding is herded in extension " combines is raised during promoting the sexual maturity, is allowed after Yak cow heat
It mates.Method for breeding provided by the invention causes Yak cow that can produce a tire every year, and calf has higher survival rate, significantly
Improve the breeding potential of Yak cow.
Below in conjunction with the embodiment in the present invention, the technical solution in the present invention is clearly and completely described.It is aobvious
So, described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the reality in the present invention
Apply example, those of ordinary skill in the art's all other embodiments obtained without making creative work all belong to
In the scope of protection of the invention.
In the following embodiments, raw material is commercial goods.
Embodiment 1：
In the pastoral area of Qinghai-Tibet Platean, since being entered December, 9 o'clock of morning starts to put on grassland pregnancy Yak cow
It herds, returned at 7 o'clock at night after herding to Yak cow supplementary feeding green hay 3kg and maize flour 0.25kg, and Yak cow is allowed freely to lick and licks mineral
Lick brick；Calf allows calf to suck colostrum after being born 0.5 hour, postnatal first 7 days of calf to feed based on colostrum, during 7 age in days into
Row calf paratyphoid is immunized.It is herded after calf birth with mother, Yak cow is not artificially milked, and whole milk are used for calf lactation.
The Yak cow in postpartum, which is returned, herds rear supplementary feeding maize flour 0.25kg, and Yak cow is allowed freely to lick and licks mineral and licks brick.Calf is up to a monthly age
After start to give Yak cow and calf routinely dosage injection Anthrax vaccine, bovine pasteurellosis inactivated vaccine and aftosa inactivation epidemic disease
Seedling, each intervals between vaccine injections 7d.Calf up to Yak cow and calf are injected after two monthly ages ivermectin and Albendazole into
The expelling parasite of row inside and outside, the dosage of two kinds of reagents is respectively 0.02mg/kg weight and 10mg/kg weight；
After calf is born 30 days, filled using the ox of Patent No. ZL201420114568.1 is only excessively young every female fine fodder supplementary feeding
It puts, the special supplementary feeding fine fodder of calf is selected to start to train feeding：Remove the partition board and dodge gate of the supplementary feeding device first, return daily
After herding, supplementary feeding fine fodder is put into, makes Yak cow and calf that can search for food, calf is lured to be familiar with the benefit of supplementary feeding device and supplementary feeding fine fodder
It raises.After 15 days, calf, which gets into the swing of, does not fear supplementary feeding device, and after having started a small amount of feeding, and what very important person was installs mothers and sons
Partition board, can only make calf free in and out feeding, and limitation Yak cow strives food calf supplementary feeding material.
Wean to the calf up to 3 monthly ages and weight in more than 55kg.The calf of wean will be individually herded in dedicated taboo
The high-quality pasture herded is isolated with fence with Yak cow, it is ensured that calf has enough herbage feedings.It simultaneously will be to calf supplementary feeding with adopting
Identical calf supplementary feeding material, allows it to be freely eaten when food training.Probiotics are added to the drinking-water the inside of calf, the drink
Sink will be placed in the cool, avoid intensive ultraviolet direct sunlight.
After calf is weaned, the Yak cow after wean is allowed to go out to herd 1 hour compared to morning and evening returns and herds 1 hour with original.Treat mother
Yak, which is herded, returns rear supplementary feeding maize flour 0.5kg, and Yak cow is allowed freely to lick and licks mineral and licks brick.
Yak cow starts rutting in 1 week or so after wean, according to male and female 1:15 ratio launches breeding oxen, it is allowed to hand over
Match.
Calf has an Oedipus complex, the feed intake of fine fodder and herbage is less, and subsequent feed intake will start in wean one week or so
Increase, herbage, mineral lick brick, the water containing probiotics is allowed to search for food, and after fine fodder feed intake reaches 0.25kg, will not further increase essence
Expect supplementary feeding amount.Into after December, return daily to calf supplementary feeding green hay 1kg, supplementary feeding fine fodder 0.25kg after herding, and allow calf certainly
It is licked mineral by licking and is licked brick, abundance drinks light water, until being herded after one full year of life with jumpbogroup.
Management after Yak cow gestation is same as above.
In the present embodiment, annual 1 tire of calving of Yak cow, and more than 96% calving survives, and improves the breeding potential of yak.
Embodiment 2：
In Qinghai-Tibet pastoral area, since being entered December, 8 o'clock of morning starts to herd on grassland pregnancy Yak cow,
Eight at night is returned herd after to Yak cow supplementary feeding green hay 3kg and highland barley powder 0.25kg, and Yak cow is allowed freely to lick and licks mineral and licks
Brick.
Calf allows calf to suck colostrum after being born 1 hour, postnatal first 7 days of calf to feed based on colostrum, during 7 age in days into
Row calf paratyphoid is immunized.It is herded after calf birth with mother, Yak cow is not artificially milked, and whole milk are used for calf lactation.
The Yak cow in postpartum, which is returned, herds rear supplementary feeding highland barley powder 0.25kg, and Yak cow is allowed freely to lick and licks mineral and licks brick.Calf is up to a monthly age
After start to give Yak cow and calf routinely dosage injection Anthrax vaccine, bovine pasteurellosis inactivated vaccine and aftosa inactivation epidemic disease
Seedling, each intervals between vaccine injections 7d.Calf up to Yak cow and calf are injected after two monthly ages ivermectin and Albendazole into
The expelling parasite of row inside and outside, the dosage of two kinds of reagents is respectively 0.02mg/kg weight and 10mg/kg weight.
After calf is born 30 days, filled using the ox of Patent No. ZL201420114568.1 is only excessively young every female fine fodder supplementary feeding
It puts, the special supplementary feeding fine fodder of calf is selected to start to train feeding：Remove the partition board and dodge gate of the supplementary feeding device first, return daily
After herding, supplementary feeding fine fodder is put into, makes Yak cow and calf that can search for food, calf is lured to be familiar with the benefit of supplementary feeding device and supplementary feeding fine fodder
It raises.After 15 days, calf, which gets into the swing of, does not fear supplementary feeding device, and after having started a small amount of feeding, and what very important person was installs mothers and sons
Partition board, can only make calf free in and out feeding, and limitation Yak cow strives food calf supplementary feeding material.
Wean to the calf up to 3 monthly ages and weight in more than 55kg.Calf wean after, allow wean after Yak cow with
Originally go out to herd 1 hour and evening returns and herds 1 hour compared to early.The supplementary feeding highland barley powder 0.5kg after Yak cow is herded and returned, and make Yak cow free
It licks and licks mineral and lick brick.
Yak cow starts rutting in 1 week or so after wean, according to male and female 1:15 ratio launches breeding oxen, it is allowed to hand over
Match.
Management after Yak cow gestation is same as above.
In the present embodiment, annual 1 tire of calving of Yak cow, and more than 96% calving survives, and improves the breeding potential of yak.
Embodiment 3：
In the pastoral area of Qinghai-Tibet Platean, since being entered December, 9 o'clock of morning starts to put on grassland pregnancy Yak cow
It herds, returned at 7 o'clock at night after herding to Yak cow supplementary feeding green hay 4kg and maize flour 0.25kg, and Yak cow is allowed freely to lick and licks mineral
Lick brick；
Calf allows calf to suck colostrum after being born 0.5 hour, postnatal first 7 days of calf is to feed based on colostrum, during 7 age in days
Carry out the immune of calf paratyphoid.It is herded after calf birth with mother, Yak cow is not artificially milked, and whole milk are fed for calf
Breast.The Yak cow in postpartum, which is returned, herds rear supplementary feeding maize flour 0.25kg, and Yak cow is allowed freely to lick and licks mineral and licks brick.Calf was up to one month
Start after age to Yak cow and calf routinely dosage injection Anthrax vaccine, bovine pasteurellosis inactivated vaccine and aftosa inactivation
Vaccine, each intervals between vaccine injections 7d.Calf to Yak cow and calf up to injecting ivermectin and Albendazole after two monthly ages
Inside and outside expelling parasite is carried out, the dosage of two kinds of reagents is respectively 0.02mg/kg weight and 10mg/kg weight；
After calf is born 30 days, filled using the ox of Patent No. ZL201420114568.1 is only excessively young every female fine fodder supplementary feeding
It puts, the special supplementary feeding fine fodder of calf is selected to start to train feeding：Remove the partition board and dodge gate of the supplementary feeding device first, return daily
After herding, supplementary feeding fine fodder is put into, makes Yak cow and calf that can search for food, calf is lured to be familiar with the benefit of supplementary feeding device and supplementary feeding fine fodder
It raises.After 15 days, calf, which gets into the swing of, does not fear supplementary feeding device, and after having started a small amount of feeding, and what very important person was installs mothers and sons
Partition board, can only make calf free in and out feeding, and limitation Yak cow strives food calf supplementary feeding material.
Wean to the calf up to 3 monthly ages and weight in more than 55kg.The calf of wean will be individually herded in dedicated taboo
The high-quality pasture herded is isolated with fence with Yak cow, it is ensured that calf has enough herbage feedings.It simultaneously will be to calf supplementary feeding with adopting
Identical calf supplementary feeding material, allows it to be freely eaten when food training.Probiotics are added to the drinking-water the inside of calf, the drink
Sink will be placed in the cool, avoid intensive ultraviolet direct sunlight.
After calf is weaned, the Yak cow after wean is allowed to go out to herd 1 hour compared to morning and evening returns and herds 1 hour with original.Treat mother
Yak, which is herded, returns rear supplementary feeding maize flour 0.5kg, and Yak cow is allowed freely to lick and licks mineral and licks brick.
Yak cow starts rutting in 1 week or so after wean, according to male and female 1:15 ratio launches breeding oxen, it is allowed to hand over
Match.
Calf has an Oedipus complex, the feed intake of fine fodder and herbage is less, and subsequent feed intake will start in wean one week or so
Increase, herbage, mineral lick brick, the water containing probiotics is allowed to search for food, and after fine fodder feed intake reaches 0.25kg, will not further increase essence
Expect supplementary feeding amount.Into after December, return daily after herding and calf is placed in the brooder of sealing, to calf supplementary feeding green hay
1.5kg, supplementary feeding fine fodder 0.25kg, and calf is allowed freely to lick and licks mineral and licks brick, abundance drinks light water, until with jumpbogroup after one full year of life
It herds.
Management after Yak cow gestation is same as above.
In the present embodiment, annual 1 tire of calving of Yak cow, and more than 96% calving survives, and improves the breeding potential of yak.
Method for breeding provided by the invention is due to weaning time morning so that Yak cow can produce a tire every year；In addition to this, by
Calf is enabled to have larger birth weight in the supplementary feeding of Yak cow gestation, postnatal supplementary feeding and training cause calf to survive
Rate improves.The breeding potential of Yak cow is all greatly improved in the shortening of Yak cow calving time and the raising of calf survival rate.
It is illustrating for possible embodiments of the invention above, which, which is intended to illustrate the present invention, to be
Professional and technical personnel in the field realize or use, and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, all without departing from present invention process
The equivalence enforcement of method or change, each fall in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for breeding of yak, includes the following steps：
Supplementary feeding is carried out to pregnant Yak cow；
After calving, calf is raised using the pattern that " lactation+herd " combines, specially：
Colostrum is sucked in 0.5~1 hour after the calf birth, whole milk of Yak cow were used based on hello colostrum on 0th~7
In calf lactation, without artificially milking；It is herded after calf birth with mother；
Postpartum Yak cow is raised using the pattern that " herding+supplementary feeding " combines；
After calf is born 25~35 days, feeding training is carried out to calf；
Calf was born after 3 monthly ages, weaned to calf；The wean calf weight is in more than 55kg；
Calf after wean is raised using the pattern that " herding+supplementary feeding " combines, specially：
Calf with Yak cow is isolated and is herded；
Probiotics are added in the drinking water of calf；
The probiotics are used from Bacillus acidi lactici, Bifidobacterium and the bacillus that Qinghai-Tibet Alpine-arctic Pastoral obtains
The mixing veterinary formulations of one or more composition；
Yak cow after wean using the pattern that "+supplementary feeding is herded in extension " combines is raised, is bred after Yak cow heat.
2. method for breeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described to pregnant Yak cow carry out supplementary feeding time from
Pregnant December current year starts；
The supplementary feeding to pregnant Yak cow is specially：
Supplementary feeding is carried out to Yak cow after Yak cow is returned and herded and is licked to lick mineral and lick brick；
The feed of the supplementary feeding includes 2~4kg green hay and 0.15~0.35kg plant flours.
3. method for breeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described that " herding+supplementary feeding " is used to postpartum Yak cow
With reference to pattern feeding time be from postpartum to calf wean；
The pattern combined to postpartum Yak cow using " herding+supplementary feeding ", which is raised, is specially：
Supplementary feeding is carried out to Yak cow after Yak cow is returned and herded and is licked to lick mineral and lick brick；
The feed of the supplementary feeding includes 0.15~0.35kg plant flours.
4. method for breeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is small that specially daily extension 1~3 is herded in the extension
When.
5. method for breeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Yak cow after described pair of wean is using " extension is put
Herd+supplementary feeding " combine pattern raising be specially：
Supplementary feeding is carried out to Yak cow after Yak cow is returned and herded and is licked to lick mineral and lick brick；
The feed of the supplementary feeding includes 0.4~0.6kg plant flours.
6. the method for breeding according to claim 2 or 5, which is characterized in that the plant flour is maize flour and/or highland barley
Face.
7. method for breeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that into after December, to calf using herding and supplementary feeding
With the pattern raising that brooder is combined, until 1 one full year of life；
The pattern being combined to calf using " herding+supplementary feeding+brooder ", which is raised, is specially：
Calf is allowed to enter brooder after calf returns and herds, supplementary feeding is carried out to calf, drinks water and licks and lick mineral and lick brick；
The feed of the supplementary feeding includes 0.5~1.5kg green hay and 0.15~0.35kg fine fodders.
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| CN106106360A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-11-16 | 兰州大学 | A kind of improve yak oestrus breeding Grazing method |
| CN106305619B (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2020-04-10 | 界首市任寨乡天佑家庭农场 | Beef cattle breeding method |
| CN108064802A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2018-05-25 | 迪庆香格里拉藏享生物开发有限公司 | A kind of method for improving yak son production efficiency |
| CN106804532A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-06-09 | 新疆西部牧业股份有限公司 | Angus beef calf rearing management method |
| CN107926847A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-04-20 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | A kind of method for improving yak reproduction power |
| CN107980719A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-05-04 | 李志鹏 | A kind of yak beefsteak meat production method |
| CN109076890B (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2020-10-20 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Method for supplying grass in alpine pasturing area all year round |
| CN111903612B (en) * | 2020-08-29 | 2022-05-20 | 沈阳农业大学 | Feeding method for breeding donkey in northern farming-grazing staggered manner |
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