CN104890180B - 一种注塑边框贴皮方法及其装置 - Google Patents

一种注塑边框贴皮方法及其装置 Download PDF

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CN104890180B
CN104890180B CN201510314225.9A CN201510314225A CN104890180B CN 104890180 B CN104890180 B CN 104890180B CN 201510314225 A CN201510314225 A CN 201510314225A CN 104890180 B CN104890180 B CN 104890180B
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CN104890180A (zh
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苏榕生
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FUZHOU JINYA CRAFTS Co Ltd
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C33/18—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated means for positioning inserts, e.g. labels against the mould wall using vacuum
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B29C45/1671—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles with an insert
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26—Moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26—Moulds
    • B29C45/2602—Mould construction elements
    • B29C45/2606—Guiding or centering means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/64—Mould opening, closing or clamping devices
    • B29C45/66—Mould opening, closing or clamping devices mechanical
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C45/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14065—Positioning or centering articles in the mould
    • B29C2045/14155—Positioning or centering articles in the mould using vacuum or suction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/64—Mould opening, closing or clamping devices
    • B29C45/66—Mould opening, closing or clamping devices mechanical
    • B29C2045/664—Mould opening, closing or clamping devices mechanical using mould clamping means operating independently from the mould closing means
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种注塑边框贴皮方法，利用抽气设备对抽气孔向外抽气，使皮革与下模上的型腔内侧面贴合；通过注料孔向型腔内注入熔融的注塑材料；打开上模，取出成型的边框；同时本发明还涉及一种注塑边框贴皮装置，包括机台，所述机台上设置有间歇转动的环形转盘，所述环形转盘上间隔设置有多个注塑模具，环形转盘中心的机台上设置有注塑机，所述机台上设置有注料工位和开合模工位；所述注塑模具包括上模和下模，所述下模上开设有通往型腔底部的抽气孔，所述上模上开设有通往型腔顶部的注料孔。本发明采用边框注塑和贴皮同时进行，简化了制造工艺，省去胶水用料，节约制造成本，并且适用于带花纹的边框，造型美观。

Description

一种注塑边框贴皮方法及其装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种注塑边框贴皮方法及其装置。
背景技术
目前往注塑边框（如注塑相框，注塑画框等）上贴皮的方法是将皮革直接通过胶水粘黏固定在面框上，这种方法只使用的构造较为简单的边框使用，如果是有花纹的边框时，在贴上皮革后，无法在皮革上形成相应的花纹，同时这种贴皮方法造成边框的制造工艺复杂，制造成本较高。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的是提供一种制造工艺简单，有效降低制造成本的注塑边框贴皮方法；同时本发明还提供一种注塑边框贴皮装置。
本发明的第一具体实施方案是：一种注塑边框贴皮方法，包括具有上模和下模的注塑模具，所述上模和下模之间形成用以注塑边框的型腔，所述下模上开设有通往型腔底部的抽气孔，所述上模上开设有通往型腔顶部的注料孔；并按以下步骤进行：（1）打开上模，在下模上铺设一层皮革；（2）合上上模；（3）利用抽气设备对抽气孔向外抽气，使皮革与下模上的型腔内侧面贴合；（4）通过注料孔向型腔内注入熔融的注塑材料；（5）打开上模，取出成型的边框，并修剪边框边沿多余的皮革毛边。
进一步的，所述注塑材料采用橡胶或塑料，所述抽气设备采用真空抽气泵。
本发明的第二具体实施方案是：一种注塑边框贴皮装置，包括机台，所述机台上设置有间歇转动的环形转盘，所述环形转盘上间隔设置有多个注塑模具，环形转盘中心的机台上设置有注塑机，所述机台上设置有注料工位和开合模工位；所述注塑模具包括上模和下模，所述上模和下模之间形成用以注塑边框的型腔，所述下模上开设有通往型腔底部的抽气孔，所述上模上开设有通往型腔顶部的注料孔。
进一步的，所述注料工位上设置有位于注塑模具上方并可上下移动的上压板，所述上压板旁侧开设有与注塑机的机筒出料端相配合的锥形槽，所述上压板底部开设有通往锥形槽底部的进料通道，上压板下压并与注塑模具的上模压紧时进料通道与上模的注料孔相连通。
进一步的，所述注料工位上设有位于注塑模具下方并可上下移动的下顶板，下顶板旁侧连接有抽气管，所述下顶板上端设置有与所述抽气管相连通的出气通道，上顶板上行并与注塑模具的下模压紧时出气通道的下模的抽气孔相连通。
进一步的，所述环形转盘上位于注塑模具的底部设有可供下顶板穿过并与下模压紧配合的让位孔。
进一步的，所述上模后侧和下模后侧铰接在一起，所述上模前侧铰接有钩板，所述下模前侧设置有与所述钩板下端钩部钩接配合的凸块，所述钩板上设有带动钩板转动的手柄。
进一步的，所述开合模工位上设置有机械手机构，所述机械手机构包括位于环形转盘内侧并且下端铰接于机台上的摆臂，所述摆臂上端设置有与摆臂相垂直的悬臂，所述悬臂前端设置有可相对悬臂前后移动的半圆弧形扣板，所述摆臂向前摆动预定角度后所述扣板向后移动并与所述手柄扣接配合。
进一步的，位于所述注塑模具前侧的环形转盘边缘间隔设置有多个与注塑模具一一对应的凸轴，所述注料工位上设置有用以感应凸轴的位置传感器。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：本发明采用边框注塑和贴皮同时进行，简化了制造工艺，省去胶水用料，节约制造成本，并且适用于带花纹的边框，保证皮革与注塑边框紧密贴紧，可以根据需要在皮革上形成各种花纹，造型美观，同时本发明中的贴皮装置，实现半自动化多工位操作，大大提高生产效率。
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下将通过具体实施例和相关附图，对本发明作进一步详细说明。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例中注塑边框贴皮装置构造俯视图；
图2是图1中A-A剖面图；
图3是图1中K向视图；
图中标号说明：1-机台、2-环形转盘、3-注塑模具、4-注塑机、5-上模、6-下模、7-型腔、8-抽气孔、9-注料孔、10-上压板、11-机筒、12-锥形槽、13-进料通道、14-下顶板、15-抽气管、16-出气通道、17-让位孔、18-钩板、19-凸块、20-手柄、21-凸部、22-摆臂、23-悬臂、24-扣板、25-凸轴、26-位置传感器、27-第三液压缸、28-风扇、29-支撑板。
具体实施方式
一种注塑边框贴皮方法，包括具有上模和下模的注塑模具，所述上模和下模之间形成用以注塑边框的型腔，所述下模上开设有通往型腔底部的抽气孔，所述上模上开设有通往型腔顶部的注料孔；并按以下步骤进行：（1）打开上模，在下模上铺设一层皮革；（2）合上上模；（3）利用抽气设备对抽气孔向外抽气，使皮革与下模上的型腔内侧面贴合；（4）通过注料孔向型腔内注入熔融的注塑材料；（5）打开上模，取出成型的边框，并修剪边框边沿多余的皮革毛边。
在本实施例中，所述注塑材料采用橡胶或塑料，所述抽气设备采用真空抽气泵。
本发明的采用在注塑边框的同时进行贴皮，直接将皮革铺设在注塑型腔内，以利熔融的注塑材料热量和粘性，使皮革边框粘黏在一起，同时利用抽真空使皮革和型腔内侧壁紧密贴合，在型腔内设置各种花纹也能够在皮革上成型出相应的花纹，大大简化了贴皮工艺，减少用于贴皮的胶水用料，降低制造成本。
如图1~3所示，一种注塑边框贴皮装置，包括机台1，所述机台1上设置有间歇转动的环形转盘2，所述环形转盘2上间隔设置有多个注塑模具3，环形转盘2中心的机台1上设置有注塑机4，所述机台1上设置有注料工位和开合模工位；所述注塑模具3包括上模5和下模6，所述上模5和下模6之间形成用以注塑边框的型腔7，所述下模6上开设有通往型腔7底部的抽气孔8，所述上模5上开设有通往型腔7顶部的注料孔9，由经过注料工位注料后的注塑模具到达开合模工位时，打开上模，将注塑好的边框取出，同时在下模上铺设一层皮革后再合上上模。
在本实施例中，在注塑模具由注料工位移动往开合模工位之间的区域设置有位于环形转盘上方的风扇28，风扇28对移动至其下方的注塑模具进行冷却。
在本实施例中，所述注塑机4可相对机台进行靠近注料工位和远离注料工位的往复运动，所述注料工位上设置有位于注塑模具3上方并可上下移动的上压板10，所述上压板10旁侧开设有与注塑机4的机筒11出料端相配合的锥形槽12，所述上压板10底部开设有通往锥形槽12底部的进料通道13，上压板10下压并与注塑模具的上模5压紧时进料通道13与上模的注料孔6相连通，上压板向下移动至与上模压紧时，锥形槽12恰好正对机筒的出料端，所述上压板有位于其上方的第一液压缸驱动上下移动。
在本实施例中，所述注料工位上设有位于注塑模具3下方并可上下移动的下顶板14，下顶板14旁侧连接有抽气管15，所述下顶板14上端设置有与所述抽气管15相连通的出气通道16，上顶板14上行并与注塑模具的下模6压紧时出气通道16的下模的抽气孔8相连通，所述下顶板由位于其下方的第二液压缸驱动上下移动，所述抽气管与真空抽气泵相连接。
在本实施例中，所述环形转盘2上位于注塑模具3的底部设有可供下顶板14穿过并与下模压紧配合的让位孔17。
在本实施例中，所述上模5后侧和下模6后侧铰接在一起，所述上模5前侧铰接有钩板18，所述下模6前侧设置有与所述钩板18下端钩部钩接配合的凸块19，所述钩板18上设有带动钩板转动的手柄20，下压手柄20时，钩板18的钩部勾住凸块，防止在注料时因为注料压力而影响上、下模之间的密封性。
在本实施例中，所述钩板18上侧设置有限制钩板18转动的凸部21，钩板转动并脱离凸块19时所述凸部顶着上模5的前侧壁以限制钩板继续转动，当所述凸部21顶着上模时，继续向上拉动手柄便能向上打开上模。
在本实施例中，所述开合模工位上设置有机械手机构，所述机械手机构包括位于环形转盘2内侧并且下端铰接于机台1上的摆臂22，所述摆臂22上端设置有与摆臂22相垂直的悬臂23，所述悬臂23前端设置有可相对悬臂23前后移动的半圆弧形扣板24，所述摆臂22向前摆动预定角度后所述扣板24向后移动并与所述手柄20扣接配合。所述摆臂由位于摆臂前侧的斜置第三液压缸27驱动摆动，第三液压缸下端铰接于机台上，第三液压缸上端与悬臂上端相铰接，所述扣板24的前后移动由悬臂上的第四液压缸驱动；工作时，第四液压缸驱动扣板24向前移动，第三液压缸27带动摆臂22向前摆动，使扣板恰好位于所述手柄的正前方，第四液压缸驱动扣板24向后移动使扣板扣住手柄，接着第三液压缸驱动摆臂向后摆动预定角度以使钩板脱离所述凸块同时向上拉动打开上模，同时上模与下模之间的夹角仍小于90°，以使摆臂再次向前摆动时上模可依靠自身重力实现合模；其中摆臂的摆动角度是通过第三液压缸的收缩或伸长的距离来实现的。
在本实施例中，位于所述注塑模具3前侧的环形转盘2边缘间隔设置有多个与注塑模具一一对应的凸轴25，所述注料工位上设置有用以感应凸轴25的位置传感器26，位置传感器26感应到凸轴时，说明注塑模具已经转动到位，进而控制注料工位和开合模工位开始相应操作。
该注塑边框贴皮装置的工作过程：（1）转盘上的注塑模具转动到开合模工位时，机械手机构将上模打开；（2）取出成型好的边框，并修剪边框边沿多余的皮革毛边；（4）在下模上铺设一层皮革后机械手机构将下模合上，向下压手柄是钩板钩住凸块；（3）转盘上的注塑模具转动到注料工位时，下顶板向上移动并与下模压紧配合，抽气管向外抽气，皮革与下模之间之间形成真空，皮革与下模上的型腔内侧面紧密贴合；（4）上压板向下移动并与上模压紧配合，注塑机向前移动时其机筒出料端与上压板的锥形槽配合并注入熔融的注塑材料；（5）注塑机注料完毕向后移动退出，上压板和下顶板复位。
上列较佳实施例，对本发明的目的、技术方案和优点进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

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1.一种注塑边框贴皮装置，其特征在于：包括机台，所述机台上设置有间歇转动的环形转盘，所述环形转盘上间隔设置有多个注塑模具，环形转盘中心的机台上设置有注塑机，所述机台上设置有注料工位和开合模工位；所述注塑模具包括上模和下模，所述上模和下模之间形成用以注塑边框的型腔，所述下模上开设有通往型腔底部的抽气孔，所述上模上开设有通往型腔顶部的注料孔；所述上模后侧和下模后侧铰接在一起，所述上模前侧铰接有钩板，所述下模前侧设置有与所述钩板下端钩部钩接配合的凸块，所述钩板上设有带动钩板转动的手柄；所述开合模工位上设置有机械手机构，所述机械手机构包括位于环形转盘内侧并且下端铰接于机台上的摆臂，所述摆臂上端设置有与摆臂相垂直的悬臂，所述悬臂前端设置有可相对悬臂前后移动的半圆弧形扣板，所述摆臂向前摆动预定角度后所述扣板向后移动并与所述手柄扣接配合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的注塑边框贴皮装置，其特征在于：所述注料工位上设置有位于注塑模具上方并可上下移动的上压板，所述上压板旁侧开设有与注塑机的机筒出料端相配合的锥形槽，所述上压板底部开设有通往锥形槽底部的进料通道，上压板下压并与注塑模具的上模压紧时进料通道与上模的注料孔相连通。
3.根据权利要求1所述的注塑边框贴皮装置，其特征在于：所述注料工位上设有位于注塑模具下方并可上下移动的下顶板，下顶板旁侧连接有抽气管，所述下顶板上端设置有与所述抽气管相连通的出气通道，下顶板上行并与注塑模具的下模压紧时出气通道与下模的抽气孔相连通。
4.根据权利要求3所述的注塑边框贴皮装置，其特征在于：所述环形转盘上位于注塑模具的底部设有可供下顶板穿过并与下模压紧配合的让位孔。
5.根据权利要求1所述的注塑边框贴皮装置，其特征在于：位于所述注塑模具前侧的环形转盘边缘间隔设置有多个与注塑模具一一对应的凸轴，所述注料工位上设置有用以感应凸轴的位置传感器。
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