CN104872059B - A kind of artificial fecundation method of Siam crocodile - Google Patents
A kind of artificial fecundation method of Siam crocodile Download PDFInfo
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- CN104872059B CN104872059B CN201510266197.8A CN201510266197A CN104872059B CN 104872059 B CN104872059 B CN 104872059B CN 201510266197 A CN201510266197 A CN 201510266197A CN 104872059 B CN104872059 B CN 104872059B
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- 241000270722 Crocodylidae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 158
- 230000001488 breeding Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 210000004681 Ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 85
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000021307 wheat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000003414 Extremities Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- VZJVWSHVAAUDKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium permanganate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][Mn](=O)(=O)=O VZJVWSHVAAUDKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000000538 Tail Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000249 desinfective Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000481 Breast Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000721047 Danaus plexippus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000005916 Hydrocharis morsus-ranae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940033663 Thimerosal Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Thiomersal Chemical compound [Na+].CC[Hg]SC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000052209 Triplasis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000366 juvenile Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000056 organs Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003442 weekly Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001902 propagating Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- GQWNECFJGBQMBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethyl-2-methyl-5-(morpholin-4-ium-4-ylmethyl)-1,5,6,7-tetrahydroindol-4-one;chloride Chemical compound Cl.O=C1C=2C(CC)=C(C)NC=2CCC1CN1CCOCC1 GQWNECFJGBQMBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241000369611 Cymbacephalus beauforti Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004301 light adaptation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000023298 conjugation with cellular fusion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000021037 unidirectional conjugation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000036449 good health Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001665 lethal Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000518 lethal Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004279 Orbit Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229940088594 Vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229930003231 vitamins Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 210000001015 Abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 206010006100 Bradykinesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000887 Face Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering Effects 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000045947 parasites Species 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of artificial fecundation method of Siam crocodile, including introduces a collection selection, raised and train before pairing, breeding spot is set, artificial pairing and the collection and hatching of crocodile ovum, the subject matter that current Siam crocodile artificial propagation faces can effectively be solved, including seed selection, pairing, the pairing phase selects, property ratio, density, bait, the problems such as breeding is set with environment of hatching, significantly reduce the disability in breeding mating process, the generation of lethal events, significantly improve the spawning rate of female crocodile, significantly improve the incubation rate of crocodile ovum, Siam crocodile is realized manually efficiently to breed, secure good health crocodile seedling, to expand Siam's crocodile cultured populations, promote species conservation, development scaleization cultivation provides solid technical support.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture technology, more specifically to a kind of artificial fecundation method of Siam crocodile.
Background technology
Siam crocodile also cries Siam fresh water crocodile, the small-sized crocodile of Singapore, is distributed mainly on the Borneo, Indonesia, Malaysia in Southeast Asia
The ground such as West Asia, Thailand and Vietnam.For a kind of medium-sized crocodile, growing up, crocodile is most long to can reach 4 meters, and common also having is 3 meters long, children
Then about 25 centimeter length when crocodile hatches.The kiss of Siam crocodile is of moderate length, slightly concave, and length is about kiss sound stage width degree 1.5 to 1.6 times.Two
Eye socket front has on short a pair sharp edges ridge, volume an obvious socket of the eye between two eye sockets, and it is high that squamosum protrudes one
Ridge.
Siam crocodile belongs to world-class endangered species, and as a kind of excellent fresh water crocodile, Siam's crocodile cultivation is increasingly by water
Produce aquaculture concern.However, due to Siam crocodile under Artificial feeding conditions to water quality, water temperature, bait, cultivation density, property ratio and
Breeding environment condition etc. requires widely different with other fresh water crocodile classes, it is difficult to control, so as to cause this kind propagating condition artificially
Lower successfully mating breeding is very difficult, and this problem seriously constrains the sound development of this kind of aquaculture.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above and/or defect, and provide at least will be described later excellent
Point.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of culturing pool, it is designed that there is provided kind according to the physique characteristic of kind of crocodile
Clean and comfortable surroundings needed for the growth of crocodile, at the same it is simple in construction, it is durable in use.
Pond is bred it is a still further object of the present invention to provide one kind, is designed that there is provided kind according to the reproductive characteristic of kind of crocodile
Clean and comfortable surroundings needed for the breeding of crocodile, at the same it is simple in construction, it is durable in use.
In order to realize according to object of the present invention and further advantage there is provided a kind of artificial fecundation method of crocodile,
Comprise the following steps：
Step 1: introduces a collection is selected：
The young crocodile of Siam crocodile is caught using fanout free region mass trapping in the wild, fertile juvenile is selected, it is desirable to female crocodile body
Long more than 100cm, male long more than the 130cm of crocodile body, it is healthy and strong, be active in one's movements, scale is glittering hard, eyes become clear, afterbody and
Four limbs are intact without incomplete conduct kind crocodile；
Step 2: being raised and train before pairing：
It is 27-32 DEG C that crocodile, which will first be planted, and individually raised in environment temperature, and area is 10-15m2Culturing pool in, keep environment
Peace and quiet, the culturing pool includes movable platform and the first pond, and the movable platform and first pond pass through the first gentle slope
It is connected, first gentle slope is 10-15 ° with horizontal plane, and the area of the movable platform accounts for the 1/2 of the area of the culturing pool,
The movable platform is higher by the water surface 0.8-1.2m, the first pond depth 1.2-1.5m, first water in first pond
The side wall in pond is provided with the first water inlet, and the first delivery port, first pond are provided with relative other side wall bottom
The water of its 3/4 volume is accommodated, the water of the volume of the first pond 1/8, the pH value of first pond reclaimed water are changed in flowing daily
For 7-8, water temperature is 28-31 DEG C, the planting aquatic plants in first pond, and the water surface coverage rate of water plant is 40-
50%, from feed, fed daily by the keeper of identical clothing with fish, chicken, duck, rabbit, every time feeding since plant crocodile
Material in 50-100kg, raise and train 6 months, make kind of crocodile adapt to propagate environment artificially；
Step 3: setting breeding pond：
Environment temperature is that to build area be 30-40m for 25-35 DEG C of place2Breeding pond, keep environment quiet, institute
Stating breeding pond includes the second pond and mud sump, and the mud sump and the second pond are connected by the second gentle slope, the mud sump and second
Provided with the mud guard that height is 10-15cm between gentle slope, the angle of second gentle slope and horizontal plane is 10-15 °, the mud sump
The 2/5 of cultivation pool area is accounted for, the mud sump is higher by the water surface 0.3-0.5m, the second pond depth 1.5- in second pond
1.8m, the side wall in second pond is provided with the second water inlet, and the second water outlet is provided with relative other side wall bottom
Mouthful, second pond accommodates the water of its 3/5 volume, and the water of the volume of the second pond 1/5, described second are changed in flowing daily
The pH value of pond reclaimed water is 7-8, and water temperature is 28-31 DEG C, the planting aquatic plants in second pond, the water surface of water plant
Coverage rate is 60-80%；
Step 4: artificial pairing：
In annual December to March in Yi, a legendary monarch of Youqiong State in the xia Dynasty year, when temperature is 24-27 DEG C, it will adapt to propagate artificially Siam crocodile of the heat of environment
It is put in breeding pond, it is desirable to female long more than the 170cm of crocodile body, male long more than the 180cm of crocodile body, it is healthy and strong, it is active in one's movements, scale dodges
Bright hard, eyes become clear, and afterbody and four limbs are intact without incompleteness, are arranged in pairs or groups by sex ration 1: 2-3, it is desirable to the body weight and the back of the body of male crocodile
First is all higher than female crocodile, and crocodile density is not above 1.3 tails/m2, the phase is matched, it some times happens that striving even phenomenon between male crocodile, is typically mutually hit
2-3 just stopping, such as finding mutually to hit the serious crocodile of situation, need to carry out same specification replacing, reach that kind of a crocodile gets along safely, during this period
Feed is delivered, feed is aided with 1% with 30% chicken, 20% saltwater fish, 49% removing internal organ and fatty pig, beef
Vitamin, feed is delivered in 17-19 points, supplies feed 3-5 times weekly, injected volume have after being fed with crocodile a little feed remaining as
Standard, crocodile feed finish after to the timely cleaning of residual feed, water is changed daily 1 time, daily replacing 1/5 pond volume water；
Step 5: the collection and hatching of crocodile ovum：
Female crocodile collects crocodile ovum after nest spawning is dug in mud sump in 1-3 days, crocodile ovum is not stirred in operation, by the crocodile of collection
Fish-egg is respectively put into two incubators of first, second by quantity than 1: 1, and the bottom of two incubators of first, second is equipped with wheat
Straw, thickness is 15-20cm, sets a dividing plate between every two pieces of crocodile ovum, every two pieces of crocodile ovum at intervals of 5cm, in crocodile ovum
Upper one layer of wheat straw through ultraviolet sterilization of lid, thickness is 15-20cm, and the temperature of the first incubator is maintained at 27-30 DEG C, described
The relative humidity that the temperature of second incubator is maintained at air in 31-35 DEG C, described two incubators of first, second is held in 70%,
The relative humidity of wheat straw is held in 60%, hatches young crocodile.
Preferably, the pool wall surface in the culturing pool and breeding pond is smooth, and higher than water surface 1.2-1.5m.
Preferably, the movable platform is provided with ultraviolet sterilizing lamp and spraying sterilizer, the spray disinfection device
Thimerosal in contain 3wt% potassium permanganate.
Preferably, the water plant is the one or more in Herba Ecliptae, frogbit, paper sand-grass.
Preferably, first gentle slope surface is equipped with smooth ceramic tile.
Preferably, second gentle slope surface is equipped with cobblestone, and the cobblestone protrudes the surface 2- on the second gentle slope
4cm。
Preferably, the water in the culturing pool and breeding pond is mountain spring water or the running water of 1-2 days was shone through the sun.
The present invention at least includes following beneficial effect：
1st, the seed choosing method that the present invention is used, is chosen seeds according to the physilogical characteristics of Siam crocodile, the glittering hard explanation of scale
The trace elements such as calcium, zinc are had no lack of in crocodile body, personality is fiery and forthright, and the bright explanation crocodile of eyes has remarkable depth perception energy
Power and sleep is normal, with index is clear, feature clear advantage；
2nd, the culturing pool that the present invention is used is divided into movable platform and the first pond, makes crocodile that there is sufficient spatial choice to dwell
Breath ground, sets the first gentle slope between movable platform and pond, and the angle of the first gentle slope and horizontal plane is 10-15 °, is to examine
Consider the habit of crocodile and set up, make that crocodile is both effortless to be commuted between land and marshy land, also make between land and marshy land
There is the distance of a buffering, do not pollute mutually as far as possible, movable platform accounts for the 1/2 of cultivation pool area, and higher than first pond
Water surface 0.8-1.2m, crocodile is overlooked whole pond in movable platform, and made crocodile happy, also allow crocodile shine too
Sun is more sufficient, and the planktonic organism on scale is killed, and the pH value of the first pond reclaimed water is 7-8, and water temperature is 28-31 DEG C, is reference
The growth conditions of wild Siam crocodile, more preferable, the planting aquatic plants in the first pond for adapting to Siam crocodile of artificial domestication,
It is that, in order to simulate the growing environment of wild Siam crocodile, and the water surface coverage rate of water plant is 40-50%, is energy when considering to raise
See kind of a crocodile clearly, can be observed in time when kind of a crocodile is fallen ill, be to allow kind of a crocodile to adapt to by keeper's feeding of identical clothing
Artificial feeding environment, does not produce resistance sense to people；
3rd, the breeding pond that the present invention is used is divided into mud sump and the second pond, and mud sump and the second pond pass through the second gentle slope phase
Even, it is because Siam crocodile is had in mud in spawning provided with the baffle plate that height is 10-15cm between mud sump and the second gentle slope
Carried out in pond, and the presence of baffle plate enables silt to enter less in the second pond as far as possible, water body is clear in the second pond of holding
It is clean, mud amount is also saved, mud sump is only higher by the second pond 0.3-0.5m, be also that to consider Siam crocodile fondling in egg-laying season anxious,
Can often it travel to and fro between mud sump and the second pond, the shorter of design facilitates Siam's crocodile motion, is equally planted in the second pond
Plant water plant, but water surface coverage rate will relatively it is high once, be consider the egg-laying season Siam crocodile be more desirable to it is hidden oneself, otherwise can
The problem of producing rattiness.
The present invention is based on experimental study for many years there is provided a set of Siam crocodile artificial fecundation method, and this method takes into full account
The Biological characteristics of Siam crocodile, including behaviouristics feature, feeding habits feature, habitat feature, breeding ecology feature etc..Fortune
With this method, the subject matter that current Siam crocodile artificial propagation faces, including seed selection, pairing, the choosing of pairing phase can be effectively solved
Select, the problems such as property ratio, density, bait, breeding and environment of hatching are set, significantly reduce the disability in breeding mating process, cause
The generation of dead event, significantly improves the spawning rate of female crocodile, significantly improves the incubation rate of crocodile ovum, realizes Siam crocodile artificial efficiently numerous
Grow, secure good health crocodile seedling, provided for expansion Siam crocodile cultured populations, promotion species conservation, development scaleization cultivation solid
Technical support, and this method human input is few, and cost is low, easily operation, the popularization for being conducive to Siam crocodile to propagate artificially.
Further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention embodies part by following explanation, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of culturing pool in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation in breeding pond in the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to make those skilled in the art with reference to specification text
Word can be implemented according to this.
It should be appreciated that such as " having ", "comprising" and " comprising " term used herein do not allot one or many
The presence or addition of individual other elements or its combination.
A kind of artificial fecundation method of crocodile, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: introduces a collection is selected
The young crocodile of Siam crocodile is caught using fanout free region mass trapping in the wild, fertile juvenile is selected, it is desirable to female crocodile body
Long more than 100cm, male long more than the 130cm of crocodile body, it is healthy and strong, be active in one's movements, scale is glittering hard, eyes become clear, afterbody and
Four limbs are intact without incomplete conduct kind crocodile；
Step 2: being raised and train before pairing
As shown in figure 1, it is 27-32 DEG C that will first plant crocodile and individually raise in environment temperature, area is 10-15m2Culturing pool
In, environment quiet is kept, the culturing pool includes the pond 2 of movable platform 1 and first, the movable platform and first pond
2 are connected by the first gentle slope 3, and first gentle slope 3 is 10-15 ° with horizontal plane, and the area of the movable platform 1 accounts for described support
The 1/2 of the area in pond is grown, the movable platform 1 is higher by the water surface 0.8-1.2m in first pond, and first pond 2 is deep
1.2-1.5m, the side wall in first pond 2 is provided with the first water inlet 201, is provided with relative other side wall bottom
First delivery port 201, first pond 2 accommodates the water of its 3/4 volume, and the volume of the first pond 21/8 is changed in flowing daily
Water, the pH value of the reclaimed water of the first pond 2 is 7-8, and water temperature is 28-31 DEG C, and aquatic plant is planted in first pond 2
Thing, the water surface coverage rate of water plant is 40-50%, from the kind crocodile from feed, daily by the raising people of identical clothing
Member is fed with fish, chicken, duck, rabbit, and the material fed every time is raised and train 6 months in 50-100kg, makes kind of crocodile adapt to propagate environment artificially；
Step 3: setting breeding pond
As shown in Fig. 2 it is 30-40m that area is built in the place that Environment temperature is 25-35 DEG C2Breeding pond, retaining ring
Border is quiet, and the breeding pond includes the second pond 5 and mud sump 4, and the mud sump 4 is connected with the second pond 5 by the second gentle slope 6,
Provided with the mud guard that height is 10-15cm, second gentle slope 6 and the angle of horizontal plane between the gentle slope 6 of mud sump 4 and second
For 10-15 °, the mud sump 4 accounts for the 2/5 of cultivation pool area, and the mud sump 4 is higher by the water surface 0.3-0.5m in second pond 5,
The depth of second pond 5 1.5-1.8m, the side wall in second pond 5 is provided with the second water inlet 501, it is relative in addition
One sidewall bottom is provided with the second delivery port 502, and second pond 5 accommodates the water of its 3/5 volume, and flowing daily changes described the
The water of the volume of two pond 2 1/5, the pH value of the reclaimed water of the second pond 5 is 7-8, and water temperature is 28-31 DEG C, in second pond
Planting aquatic plants in 5, the water surface coverage rate of water plant is 60-80%.
Step 4: artificial pairing
In annual December to March in Yi, a legendary monarch of Youqiong State in the xia Dynasty year, when temperature is 24-27 DEG C, it will adapt to propagate artificially Siam crocodile of the heat of environment
It is put in breeding pond, it is desirable to female long more than the 170cm of crocodile body, male long more than the 180cm of crocodile body, it is healthy and strong, it is active in one's movements, scale dodges
Bright hard, eyes become clear, and afterbody and four limbs are intact without incompleteness, are arranged in pairs or groups by sex ration 1: 2-3, it is desirable to the body weight and the back of the body of male crocodile
First is all higher than female crocodile, and crocodile density is not above 1.3 tails/m2, the phase is matched, it some times happens that striving even phenomenon between male crocodile, is typically mutually hit
2-3 just stopping, such as finding mutually to hit the serious crocodile of situation, need to carry out same specification replacing, reach that kind of a crocodile gets along safely, during this period
Feed is delivered, feed is aided with 1% with 30% chicken, 20% saltwater fish, 49% removing internal organ and fatty pig, beef
Vitamin, feed is delivered in 17-19 points, supplies feed 3-5 times weekly, injected volume have after being fed with crocodile a little feed remaining as
Standard, crocodile feed finish after to the timely cleaning of residual feed, water is changed daily 1 time, daily replacing 1/5 pond volume water；
Step 5: the collection and hatching of crocodile ovum
Female crocodile collects crocodile ovum after nest spawning is dug in mud sump 4 in 1-3 days, crocodile ovum is not stirred in operation, by collection
Crocodile ovum is respectively put into two incubators of first, second by quantity than 1: 1, and the bottom of two incubators of first, second is equipped with
Wheat straw, thickness is 15-20cm, sets a dividing plate between every two pieces of crocodile ovum, every two pieces of crocodile ovum at intervals of 5cm, in crocodile
One layer of wheat straw through ultraviolet sterilization of lid on ovum, thickness is 15-20cm, and the temperature of the first incubator is maintained at 27-30 DEG C, institute
The temperature for stating second incubator is maintained at the relative humidity of air in 31-35 DEG C, described two incubators of first, second and is held in
70%, the relative humidity of wheat straw is held in 60%, hatches young crocodile.
The pool wall surface in the culturing pool and breeding pond is smooth, and higher than water surface 1.2-1.5m.It can prevent crocodile from escaping
Run, it is huge that crocodile seems body, bradykinesia, and the explosive force of crocodile is quite surprising in fact, if do not taken precautions against, and may injure raising
Member, causes irredeemable consequence.
The movable platform 1 is provided with ultraviolet sterilizing lamp 101 and spraying sterilizer 102, the spray disinfection device
Thimerosal in contain 3wt% potassium permanganate.Siam crocodile is liked shining the back of the body on sunny bank, so setting ultraviolet sterilizing lamp energy
The parasite for parasitizing Siam's crocodile body surface is killed, and spray disinfection device is to be sterilized by the form of spraying to crocodile, equally
Leave the rest of crocodile alone.
The water plant is the one or more in Herba Ecliptae, frogbit, paper sand-grass.
The surface of first gentle slope 3 is equipped with smooth ceramic tile, facilitates crocodile to commute the pond 2 of movable platform 1 and first,
The moisture carried with crocodile is set just to be flowed back on the first gentle slope 3 in pond.
The surface of second gentle slope 6 is equipped with cobblestone 601, and the cobblestone protrudes the surface 2-4cm on the second gentle slope 6,
The belly of egg-laying season crocodile can be massaged.
Water in the culturing pool and breeding pond is mountain spring water or the running water of 1-2 days was shone through the sun.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted in specification and embodiment listed
With.It can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely., can be easily for those skilled in the art
Realize other modification.Therefore under the universal limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention is not limited
In specific details and shown here as the legend with description.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of artificial fecundation method of Siam crocodile, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1: introduces a collection is selected：
The young crocodile of Siam crocodile is caught using fanout free region mass trapping in the wild, fertile juvenile is selected, it is desirable to which female crocodile body is long
More than 100cm, male long more than the 130cm of crocodile body, it is healthy and strong, it is active in one's movements, scale is glittering hard, eyes become clear, afterbody and four
Limb is intact without incomplete conduct kind crocodile；
Step 2: being raised and train before pairing：
It is 27-32 DEG C that crocodile, which will first be planted, and individually raised in environment temperature, and area is 10-15m2Culturing pool in, keep environment quiet,
The culturing pool includes movable platform and the first pond, and the movable platform is connected with first pond by the first gentle slope,
First gentle slope is 10-15 ° with horizontal plane, and the area of the movable platform accounts for the 1/2 of the area of the culturing pool, the work
Moving platform is higher by the water surface 0.8-1.2m, the first pond depth 1.2-1.5m, the one of first pond in first pond
Side wall is provided with the first water inlet, is provided with the first delivery port in relative other side wall bottom, first pond accommodates it
The water of the volume of the first pond 1/8 is changed in the water of 3/4 volume, daily flowing, and the pH value of first pond reclaimed water is 7-8,
Water temperature is 28-31 DEG C, the planting aquatic plants in first pond, and the water surface coverage rate of water plant is 40-50%, from kind
From crocodile starts feed, fed daily by the keeper of identical clothing with fish, chicken, duck, rabbit, the material fed every time is in 50-
100kg, is raised and train 6 months, makes kind of crocodile adapt to propagate environment artificially；
Step 3: setting breeding pond：
Environment temperature is that to build area be 30-40m for 25-35 DEG C of place2Breeding pond, keep environment quiet, the breeding
Pond includes the second pond and mud sump, and the mud sump and the second pond are connected by the second gentle slope, the mud sump and the second gentle slope it
Between provided with the mud guard that height is 10-15cm, the angle of second gentle slope and horizontal plane is 10-15 °, and the mud sump accounts for cultivation
The 2/5 of pool area, the mud sump is higher by the water surface 0.3-0.5m, the second pond depth 1.5-1.8m, institute in second pond
The side wall for stating the second pond is provided with the second water inlet, and the second delivery port is provided with relative other side wall bottom, described
Second pond accommodates the water of its 3/5 volume, and flowing daily is changed in the water of the volume of the second pond 1/5, second pond
The pH value of water is 7-8, and water temperature is 28-31 DEG C, the planting aquatic plants in second pond, the water surface coverage rate of water plant
For 60-80%；
Step 4: artificial pairing：
In annual December to March in Yi, a legendary monarch of Youqiong State in the xia Dynasty year, when temperature is 24-27 DEG C, Siam crocodile for the heat for propagating adaptation artificially environment is put in
Breed in pond, it is desirable to female long more than the 170cm of crocodile body, male long more than the 180cm of crocodile body, it is healthy and strong, it is active in one's movements, the glittering heavily fortified point of scale
Firmly, eyes become clear, and afterbody and four limbs are intact without incompleteness, by sex ration 1：2-3 is arranged in pairs or groups, it is desirable to which the body weight and carapace of male crocodile are equal
More than female crocodile, crocodile density is not above 1.3 tails/m2, the phase is matched, it some times happens that striving even phenomenon between male crocodile, is typically mutually hit 2-3 times
Just stop, such as finding mutually to hit the serious crocodile of situation, same specification replacing need to be carried out, reach that kind of a crocodile gets along safely, deliver during this period
Feed, feed is aided with 1% dimension life with 30% chicken, 20% saltwater fish, 49% removing internal organ and fatty pig, beef
Element, feed is delivered in 17-19 points, supplies feed 3-5 times weekly, injected volume by crocodile feed after there is a little feed residue to be defined, crocodile
Fish feed finish after to the timely cleaning of residual feed, water is changed daily 1 time, daily replacing 1/5 pond volume water；
Step 5: the collection and hatching of crocodile ovum：
Female crocodile collects crocodile ovum after nest spawning is dug in mud sump in 1-3 days, crocodile ovum is not stirred in operation, by the crocodile ovum of collection
It is respectively put into by quantity than 1: 1 in two incubators of first, second, the bottom of two incubators of first, second is equipped with wheat straw, it is thick
Spend for 15-20cm, a dividing plate be set between every two pieces of crocodile ovum, every two pieces of crocodile ovum at intervals of 5cm, the lid one on crocodile ovum
Wheat straw of the layer through ultraviolet sterilization, thickness is 15-20cm, and the temperature of the first incubator is maintained at 27-30 DEG C, the second hatching
The relative humidity that the temperature of device is maintained at air in 31-35 DEG C, described two incubators of first, second is held in 70%, wheat straw
Relative humidity is held in 60%, hatches young crocodile.
2. the artificial fecundation method of Siam crocodile as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the pond in the culturing pool and breeding pond
Wall surface is smooth, and higher than water surface 1.2-1.5m.
3. the artificial fecundation method of Siam crocodile as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the movable platform is provided with ultraviolet
Contain 3wt% potassium permanganate in thimerosal in line sterilamp and spraying sterilizer, the spray disinfection device.
4. the artificial fecundation method of Siam crocodile as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the water plant be Herba Ecliptae,
One or more in frogbit, paper sand-grass.
5. the artificial fecundation method of Siam crocodile as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that first gentle slope surface is equipped with
Smooth ceramic tile.
6. the artificial fecundation method of Siam crocodile as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that second gentle slope surface is equipped with
Cobblestone, the cobblestone protrudes the surface 2-4cm on the second gentle slope.
7. the artificial fecundation method of Siam crocodile as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the culturing pool and breeding pond
Water is mountain spring water or the running water of 1-2 days was shone through the sun.
8. the artificial fecundation method of Siam crocodile as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that every in the culturing pool and breeding pond
Deliver 30-40 tails ripe snakeheaded fish week.
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| CN105340823A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2016-02-24 | 周传玉 | Soft-shelled turtle culture method |
| CN105325372A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-02-17 | 莫骏荣 | Method for cultivating crocodiles in constant-temperature room |
| CN106359253B (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2019-12-27 | 韦朝军 | Crocodile breeding method |
| CN107047451A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-08-18 | 广东宏益鳄鱼产业有限公司 | A kind of management method of crocodile breeding process water quality |
| CN107047450A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-08-18 | 广东宏益鳄鱼产业有限公司 | A kind of temperature humidity control method in crocodile egg incubation room |
| CN106879539A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-06-23 | 广东宏益鳄鱼产业有限公司 | A kind of feedstuff feeding method of crocodile laying period |
| CN107027962A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-08-11 | 杜健敏 | A kind of crocodile feed |
| CN107296012A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-10-27 | 巫溪县巨旭鳄鱼养殖有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of crocodile |
| CN111685077B (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2022-05-17 | 广东贞山鳄鱼养殖有限公司 | Artificial hatching method for crocodiles |
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| CN203251799U (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-10-30 | 盐城泰鳄湖生态公园有限公司 | Raising and breeding pool for Siam crocodiles |
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